PRINTING VENDING

MACHINE

A Capstone Project
Presented to the
School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering
Mapúa University

In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for the Degree of
Bachelor of Science in Manufacturing Engineering

Arcibal, Jason
2014107534
Azur, Jazel Ann
2013106241
Puño, Vanessa
2013123027
Sabangan, Rafael Renzo
2013106726

APRIL 2019
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This Capstone Project concludes our journey in achieving the Bachelor of Science in

Manufacturing Engineering at Mapúa University. We have taken efforts in this project.

However, it would not have been possible without the kind support and help of many

individuals. We would like to extend our sincere thanks to all of them.

To Almighty Father, for giving us extensive patience, wisdom and strength to accomplish our

project.

To our professors, Engr. Seyed Hamed Hashemi Sohi and Engr. Julian Albert Nohay, for

their guidance and constant supervision as well as for providing necessary information regarding

the project and for their support in completing the project.

To our parents and members of our families for their kind cooperation and encouragement which

help us in completion of this project. Our thanks and appreciation also goes to the people who

are directly or indirectly helped out in developing this project.

Again, we thank you very much!

TABLE OF CONTENT

ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT...............................................................................................................ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS...............................................................................................................iii

LIST OF FIGURES........................................................................................................................vi

LIST OF TABLES.......................................................................................................................viii

CHAPTER 1: PROJECT SCOPE....................................................................................................1

1.1. PROBLEM STATEMENT......................................................................................1

1.2. CONTEMPORARY ISSUES RELEVANT TO THE PROJECT...........................2

1.3. CLIENT IDENTIFICATION AND RECOGNITION OF NEED..........................2

1.4. POTENTIAL IMPACT ON THE SOCIETY..........................................................2

1.4.1. LOCAL LEVEL..........................................................................................2

1.4.2. NATIONAL LEVEL..................................................................................3

1.5. PROJECT GOALS AND OBJECTIVE..................................................................3

1.6. INITIAL PROJECT CONSTRAINTS....................................................................5

CHAPTER 2: PROJECT PLANNING AND TASK DEFINITION........................................6

2.1. TASK DEFINITION...............................................................................................6

2.1.1. PROJECT PROPOSAL..............................................................................6

2.1.2. RESEARCH................................................................................................6
2.1.3. PAPER WORKS.........................................................................................6
2.1.4. CODES........................................................................................................6
2.1.5. DESIGN CONCEPTUALIZATION..........................................................7
2.1.6. DESIGN IMPLEMENTATION.................................................................7

2.2. GANTT CHART.....................................................................................................8

iii
CHAPTER 3: LITERATURE REVIEW..................................................................................9

3.1. RELATED ARTICLES...........................................................................................9

3.1.1. WHEN INNOVATIONS MEET CHAOS: ANALYZING THE

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT OF PRINTERS IN 1976-2012......................9
3.1.2. SMART VENDING MACHINES IN THE ERA OF INTERNET OF
THINGS (LOT).....................................................................................................10
3.1.3. VENDING MACHINE ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY. A
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW......................................................................................12
3.1.4. MACHINE-TO-MACHINE (M2M) COMMUNICATIONS: A SURVEY
13
3.1.5. SCHOOL SUPPLY VENDING MACHINE............................................15

3.2. DESIGN THEORIES, DESIGN CONSTRAINTS, APPLICABLE CODES AND

STANDARDS USED IN THE DESIGN..........................................................................16

3.2.1. DESIGN THEORY...................................................................................16

3.2.2. DESIGN CONSTRAINTS.......................................................................16
3.2.3. APPLICABLE CODES AND STANDARDS USED IN THE DESIGN.16

CHAPTER 4: DESIGN CONCEPTUALIZATION AND FINAL DESIGN SELECTION. .18

4.1. DESIGN CONSIDERATION...............................................................................18

4.2. CONCEPT GENERATION..................................................................................20

4.2.1. FIRST CONCEPTUAL DESIGN.............................................................20

4.2.2. SECOND CONCEPTUAL DESIGN........................................................23
4.2.3. THIRDCONCEPTUAL DESIGN............................................................26

4.3. CONCEPT EVALUATION AND SELECTION..................................................29

4.4. FINAL DESIGN....................................................................................................33

CHAPTER 5: DETAILED PRODUCT DESIGN..................................................................35

5.1. ENGINEERING ANALYSIS AND SIMULATION............................................35

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 5.1.1. SAFETY FACTOR...................................................................................35
5.1.2. STRESS: VON MISES.............................................................................36
5.1.3. STRESS: 1STPRINCIPAL.........................................................................36
5.1.4. STRESS: 3rd PRINCIPAL.........................................................................37
5.1.5. DISPLACEMENT....................................................................................37
5.1.6. REACTION FORCE.................................................................................38
5.1.7. STRAIN....................................................................................................38

5.2. ENGINEERING ANALYSIS AND SIMULATION............................................39

5.3. APPLICATION OF ENGINEERING CODES AND STANDARDS IN DESIGN

40

5.4. ECONOMIC ANALYSIS.....................................................................................41

CHAPTER 6: PROTOTYPING PROCESSES, RESULT, AND DISCUSION....................42

CHAPTER 7: CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION............................................43

7.1. SUMMARY OF GOALS AND OBJECTIVES....................................................43

7.2. STUDENT OUTCOME SUMMARY...................................................................44

7.3. CONCLUSION......................................................................................................47

7.4. RECOMMENDATIONS.......................................................................................48

REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................50

APPENDIX....................................................................................................................................51

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 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1.5.1 Process Flow Chart......................................................................................................4

Figure 4.2.1 Isometric View of Product Design 1........................................................................20

Figure 4.2.2 Orthographic Drawing of Product Design 1.............................................................21

Figure 4.2.3 Parts of Product Design 1..........................................................................................22

Figure 4.2.4 Isometric View of Product Design 2.........................................................................23

Figure 4.2.5 Orthographic Drawing of Product Design 2.............................................................24

Figure 4.2.6 Parts of Product Design 2..........................................................................................25

Figure 4.2.7 Isometric View of Product Design 3.........................................................................26

Figure 4.2.8 Orthographic Drawing of Product Design 3.............................................................27

Figure 4.2.9 Parts of Product Design 3..........................................................................................28

Figure 4.3.1 Concept Evaluation and Selection.............................................................................29

Figure 4.3.2 Isometric Drawing of Product Design 1....................................................................30

Figure 4.3.3 Isometric Drawing of Product Design 2....................................................................30

Figure 4.3.4 Isometric Drawing of Product Design 3....................................................................31

Figure 4.4.1 Final Design..............................................................................................................34

Figure 5.1.1 Safety Factor.............................................................................................................35

Figure 5.1.2 Stress: Von Mises......................................................................................................36

Figure 5.1.3 Stress: 1st Principal...................................................................................................36

Figure 5.1.4 Stress: 3rd Principal..................................................................................................37

Figure 5.1.5 Displacement.............................................................................................................37

Figure 5.1.6 Reaction Force...........................................................................................................38

Figure 5.1.7 Strain.........................................................................................................................38

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Figure 5.2.1 Orthographic Projection of Final Design..................................................................39

vii
 LIST OF TABLES

Table 2.1 Task Identification...........................................................................................................7

Table 2.2 Gant Chart........................................................................................................................8

Table 4.1 Product Design 1 Advantages and Disadvantages........................................................31

Table 4.2 Product Design 2 Advantages and Disadvantages........................................................32

Table 4.3 Product Design 3 Advantages and Disadvantages........................................................33

Table 5.1 Economic Analysis........................................................................................................41

viii
 CHAPTER 1: PROJECT SCOPE

This chapter serves as the introduction of the capstone project pertaining to the

product’s description, scope and limitation, consumers, and our goals and objectives.

1.1. PROBLEM STATEMENT

A printer is a valuable machine for our generation, especially for people in the academe,

BPOs, applicants, etc. Printers enables us to print documents, assignments, and other files,

eliminating the need for writing the said document by hand. Even today, most institutions require

the person (especially students, and applicants in a government institution) to submit a printed

out document of their requirements. However, not all places have printing shops, or have

affordable yet a good quality print outs, particularly for the students in the academe.

This project is solving the problems for most people struggling looking for a printing

shop with short queue line and has affordable yet offers a good quality of print outs. The Printing

Vending machine creates a conducive option for the mass public considering printing the

documents, assignments, etc. with just a few clicks on the touch panel display. Considering the

fact that the use of an operator has to have labor cost, it limits the printing business to its income

but having the Printing Vending machine, it eliminates the use of an operator (a person who

operates the machine and manages it) since the Printing Vending machine is self-operated

meaning the person who needs to print, operates the machine.

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1.2. CONTEMPORARY ISSUES RELEVANT TO THE PROJECT

As a student, we struggle to print documents, assignments, etc. outside the campus since

printing shops are always jammed pack with people, student or not. Another issue related to our

project is the printing shops price rates are too high; the higher price the printing shop has, the

higher the quality to produce.

1.3. CLIENT IDENTIFICATION AND RECOGNITION OF NEED

As people continue to look for convenience, more technologies are invented. And one of

these technologies is the vending machine. With that, we came up to a decision of creating a

printing vending machine. The clients that we are focusing are those who are in need of printing

service that are just a few steps near, with the likes of a soda vending machine that available

inside or within the perimeter of a certain place. Also, clients that do not own a printer due to

financial reasons would conclude their problem having our product as their solution. Introducing

our product, Printing Vending machine, would be a great option for the society since our product

displays an innovative and autonomic solution for their problem.

1.4. POTENTIAL IMPACT ON THE SOCIETY

Projecting our products success on the market, we visualize our targets on different

situations in our society and their occupation. The visualization of the impact of our project is

categorized on two levels; Local level, and National Level.

1.4.1. LOCAL LEVEL

Locally implementing/using our product, the Printing Vending machine, here in

Manila (specifically here in/out of Mapua University of Intramuros), it would greatly

benefit the students and even the workers and applicants in OWWA since it reduces the

2
 time to walk and process the printing task. With its convenience and ease to interact with,

it would attract more customers leading to a larger profit on the side of our product.

Placing the printing vending machine in the academe would be a great help in every

individual to have another option to make their printing service stress- free. Also, as the

printing vending machine operates, it would generate profit. These profits will be split

into the owner of the vending machine and the university, then, this will be allocated for

the maintenance of the machine, for the paper, for the ink, for the electricity, and the like.

1.4.2. NATIONAL LEVEL

Viewing our product on a national level creates an opportunity for investors to buy

our product since both the customer and the owner would greatly benefit from our

product, money and productive wise. It would be a big hit viewing it on a national level,

where every school, local government agencies, such establishments that requires the

person to print document has our product, the Printing Vending machine.

1.5. PROJECT GOALS AND OBJECTIVE

The main goals of our product is to manufacture a machine that will reduce the

complications of printing a document and have a self-operated yet easy way to print with just a

few touch eliminating the need of manning the printing station which reduces the income of the

owner. In both ways, the owner and the user would benefit from the product.

From the name of the product, it has a coin acceptor attached (also a bill acceptor) to it.

The user can either pay in coins, bills, and both. The coins accepted are both the current and old

coins of the official currency of the Philippines (Philippine peso), and the same goes for the bill

acceptor but it only accepts the 20’s and 100’s. The display used is the Raspberry Pi 7-inch

3
Touch Screen Display. Like the Beep’s system, the Printing Vending machine is user-friendly

and easy to navigate even for a person who has no knowledge on a computer.

Figure 1.5.1Process Flow Chart

4
1.6. INITIAL PROJECT CONSTRAINTS

For this project, we limit are our project to simply “print, pay, and go” although our

product can’t give change since we will focus on the objective that it can print documents,

assignments, etc. from a user-friendly touch screen display and the user would pay for it then the

printing process would begin. The selection of our printer is our constraint also since our budget

for this project is not that high enough and the needed printer must have a Wi-Fi connectivity

option for our project to work properly. Our product will only print on a short bond paper or

letter-size paper because having two (2) paper printing option would expensive and time

consuming since we are limited to 11-weeks of doing this project.

To know if our product has been completed, the following must be done:

 The Printing Vending machine is operated on a 7’’ Raspberry Touch

Screen Display with its own GUI

 The printer, with a Wi-Fi module, to be used is controlled by a

Raspberry Pi 3

 The coin acceptor accepts old and new 1-peso, 5-pesos, and 10-pesos

coins

 The bill acceptor accepts 20-pesos and 100-pesos bills

 The coin and bill acceptor send the amount inserted to the

microcontroller which will be forwarded to the Raspberry Pi 3 to

confirm the payment transaction of the user of our product

5
 CHAPTER 2: PROJECT PLANNING AND TASK DEFINITION

We first planned on how our approach would be pertaining to the creation of the product

by means of identifying and distributing the task to be done and a Gantt chart to keep track of the

scheduled tasks for each week of the term.

2.1. TASK DEFINITION

The following are the tasked to be done and motive of it completion:

2.1.1. PROJECT PROPOSAL

We are tasked individually to create or innovate products and ideas to be made but

since we made up our mind to continue the work of the previous term and improve its

functions, this task would be completed easily.

2.1.2. RESEARCH

In this task, we continue researching for the proposed project, which is the Printing

Vending machine, identifying what/s and how/s on this project.

2.1.3. PAPER WORKS

As a group, we tasked ourselves to complete the documentation of our project.

Through brainstorming and coordination from each member of the group, the task will be

completed.

2.1.4. CODES

The Codes on this project is divided into 2; Codes for the Arduino, and for the

Raspberry Pi 3. The Arduino is used to control and receive data from the coin and bill

acceptor which then be forwarded to the Raspberry Pi 3 to confirm the amount of money

inserted in the coin and/or bill acceptor. The Raspberry Pi 3 is used to control the printer

6
 and the 7’’ Raspberry Touch Screen Display allowing us to program and generate a

functional GUI for our product.

2.1.5. DESIGN CONCEPTUALIZATION

We tasked ourselves to personally design a casing for the Printing Vending machine

in a way that it is sturdy yet ergonomic and appealing.

2.1.6. DESIGN IMPLEMENTATION

For this task, we fabricate our desired design for the casing of the Printing Vending

Machine. In this area, we consider the materials used and identify an alternative for this

situation to be able to make an economic outcome of the proposed design.

Table 2.1Task Identification

NAME ASSIGNED TASKS

ARCIBAL, Jason A. Project Proposal, Research, Paper works, Codes,

Woodwork

AZUR, Jazel Ann G. Project Proposal, Research, Paper works, Woodwork,

Codes

PUÑO, Vanessa A. Project Proposal, Research, Design Concept, Paper works,

Woodwork, Codes

SABANGAN, Rafael Renzo Project Proposal, Research, Paper works, Codes,

Woodwork

7
 2.2. GANTT CHART

The chart displayed below shows a timetable of the task assigned for each week of the

current term (3rd quarter of school year 2018 – 2019)

Table 2.2Gant Chart

Weeks
TASK STATUS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Research PLANNED
COMPLETED
Canvassing PLANNED
COMPLETED
Designing of case PLANNED
COMPLETED
Buying of Parts & Writing of papers PLANNED
COMPLETED
Coding of bill collector and coin PLANNED
slot COMPLETED
Writing of Paper (Continuation) PLANNED
COMPLETED
Coding of GUI PLANNED
COMPLETED
Writing of Paper (Continuation) PLANNED
COMPLETED
Buying of Materials (case) PLANNED
COMPLETED
Woodwork (case) &Writing of PLANNED
Paper (Continuation) COMPLETED
Patent & Writing of Paper PLANNED
(Continuation) COMPLETED
Assembly & Final Paper PLANNED
COMPLETED
Defense PLANNED
COMPLETED

8
 CHAPTER 3: LITERATURE REVIEW

For this chapter, we generate a concept about the product to be design and manufactured

with the research gathered from journals, articles, codes and standards, and/or many other

researcher’s work related to our capstone project.

3.1. RELATED ARTICLES

Through thorough research, we have included multiple journals, articles, and such on this

area of the paper which are all related and/or connected to our capstone project.

3.1.1. WHEN INNOVATIONS MEET CHAOS: ANALYZING THE

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT OF PRINTERS IN 1976-2012

The research checked the chaotic patterns of the printer's innovation process using

the Lyapunov characteristic exponent. This was used in order to determine certain

patterns in the process, an example would be from the generation of an idea to its

implementation. The Lyapunov exponent identifies the exponential divergence of a series

in time, wherein a positive exponent exhibits a divergence whilst a negative exponent

implies the opposite; a convergence. These positive and negative exponents are then

divided into multiple subsystems according to different initial conditions, when at least

one positive exponent is determined, the system is said to be chaotic. Using the Lyapunov

exponent, a chaotic system can be made with the production of many positive and

negative exponents along the Lyapunov spectrum, in the research paper, only positive

and significant exponents were focused to highlight the sensitivity in the initial condition.

The paper conducted a series of computation whether the printer innovation

process was chaotic or not using Lyapunov Exponent. Between the years 1976-2012,

9
there was indeed a spike of chaos between the years 1979-1985 and around 1995. In

doing this study the realization that the ideas of complexity, chaotic dynamics,

evolutionary processes and innovations are likely to be related has been observed. This

study also provides an eye opener seeing process through nonlinear means can help

enrich the innovation process. Through the understanding of chaos theory and making

strategies to deal with chaos, management is a key part for innovation to be

accomplished, making non-equilibrium approaches that flexibly adapts to its ever-

changing environment is paramount when making said innovations because when chaos

is present, unpredictability sure follows.

3.1.2. SMART VENDING MACHINES IN THE ERA OF INTERNET OF

THINGS (LOT)

In innovating with vending machines, cost is a factor that is a challenge. The

regular transaction that happens in a vending machine is: 1. Cash is placed inside the

machine 2. The customer chooses his product 3. The product comes out for the customer.

This regular transaction is the simplest transaction that happens in a vending machine.

Innovation integrated to the vending machine will further increase the maintaining cost of

operation of the machine, which will present a difficulty in the machine producing profit.

Also, with the innovation in the vending machine, this will increase the difficulty level of

the transaction. This will give the customers reduction in convenience which will have a

conflict with the main goal of the vending machine, which is to give convenience to the

customer, which would then further reduce the consumers willing to use the vending

machine. By introducing cashless payment to the vending machine, customers will have

additional dilemmas in utilizing the vending machine, because the transaction will require

10
the customers to have the specific card required to use the vending machine, and they will

have to worry about the balance that has to be in their cards in order to use the card.

To be able to overcome the operation cost, and the problem with the convenience

being given for the customers, smartphones are used to give ease to the customers.

Because most people have a smartphone, they will not have to worry with the card for a

cashless payment, removing the dilemma of the customers to maintain a balance in the

cards needed for a cashless transaction. Customers will also be able to use their

smartphones to choose the product that he/she wishes to purchase, giving more

convenience for the customers. In the vending machine to further improve the service it

provides for the customer have major issues, but these major issues are manageable with

the innovation of the solutions possible to be utilized. Solving the convenience issue by

using smartphones will give the zed. Solving the convenience issue by using smartphones

will give t machine. The customers additional convenience in their transactions with the

vending problems that would be encountered with the integration of the innovation of the

vending machine will result to a further realization of the issues that would arise for the

customer, but with the improvement in the research into finding the solution for this

problems, these problems would be solve and will be encountered in order to give the

best service suited for the customers.

3.1.3. VENDING MACHINE ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY. A

SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

11
 Vending machines are a popular product invented and used by people in their own

office or school campus. It has been a common source of food or any other product

related to it. In the journal article entitled "Vending machine assessment methodology, A

systematic review", the researchers have included various papers which contains vending

machine related studies or discussion. A search on the following databases, Scopus,

PubMed, MEDLINE, and ProQuest, were also done by the researchers to take hold of

possible available existing references. To be able to get only those related to the topic, the

researchers have listed the following checklist. The checklist goes like this," (a) the

research article must be peer-reviewed. (b) One of the primaries aims or objectives of the

research study was to assess vending machines and/or vending machine products and/or

the effects of environmental interventions on vending machine use, product availability,

and/or purchasing patterns by consumers. (c) The research article provided detailed

methodology on how vending machines and/or vending machine products were evaluated

and/ or the research study evaluated or manipulated at least one key vending machine

assessment variable including accessibility, availability, healthfulness, portion size, price,

and promotion". These ensures that only relevant and useful papers were included to be

reviewed and to serve as the basis for their specific objective.

The papers were compared and thoroughly examined to come up with the

methodology of assessing vending machines in general. After a thorough and rigorous

examination, comparison and study, the researchers have observed that vending machines

were evaluated mostly by several factors. Most studies, 78% to be specific, relating to the

assessment of vending machines solely focus on the vending machine itself or to its

products. While others were focused in investigating the environmental effects using a

12
vending machine, how people use vending machines, which products were purchased

more often than others and even product availability factors. In details, other specific

areas or aspects used in the studies were the following study location, healthfulness

criteria, product availability, assessment tool design, price, portion size and accessibility.

Based on the gathered data, the researchers have concluded that there is sufficient

ways and means to evaluate or assess various vending machines however, since most of

the studies on vending machines are regarding those installed in primary and secondary

school communities, it is quite difficult to compare and to draw out reference materials

for those vending machines in other places such as medical institutions, universities and

work stations. Also, despite having many methodologies involving in the study of

vending machines, there is no universal or standard assessment and evaluation tool for

which makes it difficult to easily formulate certain rules or guide lines that needs to be

implemented for the usage or handling of vending machines in general.

3.1.4. MACHINE-TO-MACHINE (M2M) COMMUNICATIONS: A SURVEY

In our society nowadays, it is very common to see interconnected machines doing

a specific task. This system is called a machine-to-machine system or M2M. It involves

receiving, collecting and interpreting data. It aids in completing task efficiently because

in this manner, no human supervision or intervention is going to cause errors or delays. A

lot of advantages are also evident in these intelligent machines or machine-to-machine

systems such as it allows tasks to be carried out right away, data is received through many

communication avenues, and machines work accordingly. However, complicated tasks

are still not addressed or carried out by most machine-to-machine systems in the present.

The need for human intervention is still evident in most machines for the data collected to

13
be interpreted further and for a response to be given. In the journal article entitled

"Intelligent M2M: Complex event processing for machine-to-machine communication",

the researchers stated the need for a more intelligent machine system to address the

disadvantages of the present system. The researchers believed in creating and

incorporating an "event driven approach" to machine systems, which means, that the

machine-to-machine will be able to respond directly and immediately based on the events

occurring in relation to it. This is done by integrating a CEP (Complex Event Processing)

in the machines that has to work connectedly. Using CEP, the machine can now interpret

a certain event and respond to it upon recognition of patterns which have occurred

overtime in the machine itself or in the system of machines. For their study, the

researchers have integrated CEP in an already existing machine- to-machine system. The

researchers used a printer machine and solar panel system to illustrate the effects of

having CEP in the system. They used these as illustrations because they are example of

two different kinds of machines, the printer as a machine with operating and resource

states (having toner and paper as the resource) and the solar panel as a machine with only

an operating state. The CEP is designed according to specific needs and functions.

The second case study is the one consisting of the printer supply and maintenance

system. The researchers have used CEP in order to avoid resource related problems likely

to occur in printing machines like running out of ink while printing, maintaining it, or not

being able to print colored ones. So how does it work? It works by having the system

monitor and keenly observe the supply or resource state so that before the problem can

occur, the system has already anticipated and recognized patterns resulting to low

supplies of the resource (specifically the cartridge or ink) and have it already reported for

14
action. In the situation presented by the researchers, there is a service contractor who

stays in contact for the needs of the printer purchased by a certain customer. Through the

system, this service contractor is reached automatically or notified once the system has

recognized patterns which signals the need for a delivery or replacement even before it

completely runs out of resource, but not too early that the delivery will be stocked. This

will ensure and avoid the customer being burdened of storage. Based on the study, the

researchers were able to develop the decision support system which answers and caters

the need for a responsive and a more intelligent machine. Processing ame easier and more

effective. The CEP can be designed depending on the response expected and system of

machines.

3.1.5. SCHOOL SUPPLY VENDING MACHINE

The study intended to design a school vending machine that uses a touch screen

LCD to dispense new products not served by the existing commercial vending machines.

It aimed to construct equipment with new features and improved capability of dispensing.

This investigation sought to address the following issues regarding the device: (a)

manipulation of the dispenser through the inputs of the user in the touch screen LCD (b)

display of the total amount of product acquired in the machine and (c) ability of the

vending machine to function even with power failure. Experimental development method

was utilized to construct the system and descriptive method was also implemented to

evaluate the functionality of the design. Nine purposively chosen evaluators composed of

students; non- teaching personnel and office employee were asked to participate in the

study.Findings revealed that the device could function satisfactorily as evaluators strongly

agreed to the statements regarding the capabilities of the vending machine.

15
3.2. DESIGN THEORIES, DESIGN CONSTRAINTS, APPLICABLE

CODES AND STANDARDS USED IN THE DESIGN

3.2.1. DESIGN THEORY

For the Printing Vending Machine to be completely functioning, the group applied

different design theories in creating the final output. These theories include aspects in

circuit design, Internet of Things applications, Casing Design, and Python Coding.

3.2.2. DESIGN CONSTRAINTS

Following the construction of the printing vending machine, the group has

analyzed several design constraints within the fabrication processes of the project. First

constraint would the time the group is allotted into fabricating the vending machine.

Secondly, the electrical components of the vending machine should be properly secured,

since the electrical components are fragile and can be subjected to unprecedented stresses

or forces. Lastly, since the final output is a Printing Vending Machine, the whole

appearance of the project should emulate a Vending machine. The design should include

a touch screen interface for the users, a coin slot, and space for the printer and the paper

that comes out.

3.2.3. APPLICABLE CODES AND STANDARDS USED IN THE DESIGN

UL751 - Standard for Safety Vending Machines

These requirements cover self-contained, payment-accepting, vending

machines that vend non-refrigerated products to be employed in accordance with

the National Electrical Code, ANSI/NFPA 70. Vending machines as covered by

this standard are intended for indoor use only, except that they will be

investigated for outdoor use or use in a protected location if so, designated by the

16
manufacturer. Vending machines may be battery operated. Vending machines

may be battery operated and may be provided with a solar photovoltaic (PV)

system. Refrigerated sections of vending machines that vend a non-refrigerated

product are judged under the requirements for refrigerated vending machines.

These requirements also cover vending machines intended for installation within

motor fuel dispensing facilities in accordance with Supplement SA, Requirements

for Vending Machines Intended for Installation within Motor Fuel Dispensing

Facilities, and as defined by the Code for Motor Fuel Dispensing Facilities and

Repair Garages, NFPA 30A. These requirements do not cover sound-recording

and reproducing machines.

ANSI/UL 541-2001, Vending Machines, Refrigerated

Under this standard, refrigerated vending machines are intended for

connection to alternating-current circuits rated 600 volts or less and which

incorporate refrigeration systems of the air-cooled or water-cooled type

employing hermetic refrigerant motor-compressors. This standard does not cover

machines that have a principal function other than storage and dispensing of

refrigerated products.

17
CHAPTER 4: DESIGN CONCEPTUALIZATION AND FINAL DESIGN

SELECTION

With the research done and ideas are made and gathered, all of it will now be used to

conceptualize how the product should be made and design guided by the codes and standards

that are also sought out.

4.1. DESIGN CONSIDERATION

For our product to work properly, we follow certain specification for the product

to function in accordance to the product’s objective. The following are a list of

specification of the product, Printing Vending machine, to be used in evaluating the

design:

1. The Printing Vending machine must have a printer with its printing quality

at its best yet its cost is low.

 The printer is the core of our product. It must print to its optimum

where the printing output has good quality yet it is affordable to

users.

2. The product has a display medium (with a GUI) for the user to see.

 Since it is self-operated, the product has to have its own display

(preferably a touch screen display) for the user to see and easily

navigate their documents and such in pair with its own user-

friendly GUI.

18
3. The Printing Vending machine has its own money acceptor.

 A coin and bill acceptor would be a great device for the product to

comply with the objective which is, it is self-operated and

unmanned.

4. The product has a computer for receiving and sending data for all the

devices for this product.

 The Raspberry Pi is a great option for this product since it is small

in size, and low cost.

5. The acceptors are controlled by a microcontroller to read the inserted

money and forward it to the computer.

 The microcontroller serves as the “money counter” for this product

which then be forwarded to the computer to verify users’ payment

to continue printing.

19
4.2. CONCEPT GENERATION

4.2.1. FIRST CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

The first conceptual design for our product, Printing Vending machine, is

designed to simply put the devices in one place. Creating slot for each device (as shown

in Figure 4.2) where it can be easily located by the user. It is simple and compact but it is

less ergonomic.

Figure 4.2.2Isometric View of Product Design 1

20
Front View Left Side View

Back View

21
 Coin Collector Instructions

Touch Screen Flask Drive

Input

Paper Support Bill Collector

Extension
Printer
Cable
Paper Storage

Ink Storage

4.2.2. SECOND CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

Figure 4.2.4Parts of Product Design 1

22
 The second conceptual design for our product, Printing Vending machine, has the

same concept as the first conceptual design but, the height is significantly longer than the

first conceptual design. It is considered to be more ergonomic since the fittings of each

device are closer to each other.

Figure 4.2.5Isometric View of Product Design 2

23
Front View Left Side View

Back View

Figure 4.2.6Orthographic Drawing of Product Design 2

Coin Collector

24
Touch Screen Bill Collector

Paper Support

Front Door

Extension Cable

Printer Instructions

Flask Drive

Input

Paper Storage

Ink Storage

Figure 4.2.7Parts of Product Design 2

4.2.3. THIRDCONCEPTUAL DESIGN

25
 The third design of our product, Printing Vending Machine, is smaller than the

first two design. It will be place on a table to be able to use.

Figure 4.2.8Isometric View of Product Design 3

26
Front View Right Side View

Back view

Figure 4.2.9Orthographic Drawing of Product Design 3

Instructions 27
 Touch Screen
Flask Drive

Input Coin Collector

Bill Collector

Extension
Printer

Back Door

Paper Storage

Figure 4.2.10 Parts of Product Design 3

28
4.3. CONCEPT EVALUATION AND SELECTION

Figure 4.3.11 Concept Evaluation and Selection

In selecting a product design, prioritizing the main objectives of the research

should be done. Evaluating a broad range of viewpoints and perspectives that is needed.

Also, deciding which design should be chosen is selecting for the best solution.

Thinking a Problem

Thinking a problem to solve involves identifying and analyzing the problem in

which contains a detailed assessment.

Problem Solving

Problem solving involves a detailed description of the actual failure. It requires a

preliminary evaluations and studies.

Design Concept

Design concept is the idea behind a design. It’s how you plan in solving the

design problem. Your concept design becomes the framework for all your design

decisions. We think of possible scenario that may affect the physical structure.

CAD Drawing

CAD software is used to increase the productivity of the designer, improve the

quality of design, improve communications through documentation, and to create a

database for manufacturing. In creating of our design, we used the fusion 360 software.

29
 The design of the product presents how will the product will look like when it is

already completely assembled, the parts where shown on the figure.

Figure 4.3.12 Isometric Drawing of Product Design 1

Figure 4.3.13 Isometric Drawing of Product Design 2

30
 Figure 4.3.14 Isometric Drawing of Product Design 3

For the first design, the concept is to open it in two ways; at the top and at the front. The

purpose of the top door is to easily place the paper in the loaded area while the front door is to

easily get the coins. Although it may be a good choice, it has some disadvantages. Considering is

height, children may toy with it since its designed height is diminutive. It is also less ergonomic

since the placement of each device are too far from each other creating confusion and/or

aggravation to the user.

Table 4.3Product Design 1 Advantages and Disadvantages

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

Corner less edges It can be played by children considering its

height

Easy to reach Less ergonomic

Eco friendly since the material is wood Since the material is wood, it is vulnerable to
water damage, fire, decay, and termites

31
 Compact design

For the second conceptual design, the concept is just like a usual vending machine. It has

a higher size in height than the first conceptual design 1. The design has a 3 door; one is at the

back and the other two is in front. The back door is to place the paper in the loaded area and the

door in the top front is for collecting the coins and the other one is for the storage.

Table 4.4 Product Design 2 Advantages and Disadvantages

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

Can use different printer with different output Higher design

tray (either at the back or front)

Corner less edges Since the material is wood, it is vulnerable to

water damage, fire, decay, and termites

Eco friendly since the material is wood

32
 For the third conceptual design, the concept is just like an arcade game machine. Its face

is tilted, so it not hard for the customer to use. To make it more accessible for the users, it has a

lower size in height than the first conceptual design. The design of the case has one door only. It

is placed at the back. The back door is for the owner to have an access within the whole system.

Also, it is where the papers are being loaded.

Table 4.5Product Design 3 Advantages and Disadvantages

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

Enables the user to access efficiently than the Need a table to be able to use
previous design
Veryconvenient to use just like the common Since the material is wood, it is vulnerable to
vending machine water damage, fire, decay, and termites
Easy to manage by the owner
Eco friendly since the material is wood
less cost for the material
Compact design
Corner less edges

4.4. FINAL DESIGN

For the final design, we have chosen the Third Conceptual Design as the design for our

product, the Printing Vending Machine. In comparison with the other conceptual designs, it is

more simple, ergonomic, and economic considering that it is small in size which lessen it

material and labor costs. It is said to be simple because of it component placement and structure,

which means, the user can easily see where are the components and also easy to create. The

3rdConceptual Design is ergonomic due to its component placement enabling the user to locate

and use the machine with ease and in addition, the touch screen display is titled approximately in

an angle in which it is more comfortable and creates a strain-free for the user’s neck. The

33
considered final design may differ from the final output since our group has a limited budget and

time but would still be the same as expected; Changes would be for the best of the product.

Figure 4.4.15 Final Design

34
 CHAPTER 5: DETAILED PRODUCT DESIGN

With analytical tools and simulators, the desired final design is tested virtually with the

use of Autodesk Fusion 360. The breakdown of the expenses is also showed in this chapter.

5.1. ENGINEERING ANALYSIS AND SIMULATION

The following are the desired final design’s results from the simulation under various

circumstances:

5.1.1. SAFETY FACTOR

For this simulation, the safety factor of the design is identified. Safety factor is the

ratio of the max allowable stress over the corresponding stress applied. The higher the

safety factor value, the safer the design is. As shown in Figure 5.1.1., the simulator

calculated that the safety factor of the final design is 15, which is the highest.

Figure 5.1.16 Safety Factor

35
 5.1.2. STRESS: VON MISES

Von Mises is used for this simulation where in it contours the colors where

stresses are built up as calculated by the Autodesk Fusion 360. As shown in figure 5.1.2.,

the stresses are low and uniform throughout the preferred design.

Figure 5.1.17 Stress: Von Mises

5.1.3. STRESS: 1STPRINCIPAL

In this simulation, the 1st principal stress is the one that calculates the value of the

design’s stress normal to the plane, namely the shear stress, in which it gives information

on the design’s max tensile stress.

Figure 5.1.18 Stress: 1st Principal

5.1.4. STRESS: 3RD PRINCIPAL

36
 For this simulation, the 3rd principal stress helps the user identify and understand

the maximum compressive stress induced in the design when there are items places in/on

it.

Figure 5.1.19 Stress: 3rd Principal

5.1.5. DISPLACEMENT

Displacement shows the value of the movement of the object pertaining to its

original position which is represented by the contour of colors.

Figure 5.1.20 Displacement

5.1.6. REACTION FORCE

With Reaction Force simulation, it displays a color contour in lieu of the reactive

force of the object to know where it is constrained.

37
 Figure 5.1.21 Reaction Force

5.1.7. STRAIN

It simply shows the change of the dimensions of the object in relation to the

direction of the induced force per unit length of the material used.

Figure 5.1.22 Strain

38
 5.2. ENGINEERING ANALYSIS AND SIMULATION

Figure 5.2.23Orthographic Projection of Final Design

39
5.3. APPLICATION OF ENGINEERING CODES AND STANDARDS IN

DESIGN

Application of engineering codes and standards in designing the product and its case

where used for this product design. In addition to the codes and standards mentioned at Chapter

3.2.3, the following are basis for making the product:

ISO 23570-1:2005 Industrial Automation System and Integration-Distributed

Install in Industrial Applications - Actuators and Sensors

ISO 23570-1:2005 specifies the interconnection of elements in the control

system of machine tools and similar large pieces of industrial automation. This

specification includes cable types, sizes and sheath colours, connector types and

contact assignments, and diagnostic functions appropriate to the sensors and

actuators.

The code specifies the interconnection of sensors and actuators with 1/O

modules that use their input or direct their output, and the diagnostic functions

appropriate to those sensors and actuators.

NFPA 70E-2004, “National Electrical Code,”

This code ensures the electrical wires and the process of installation are in

accordance to the National Electrical Code of the Philippines.

40
5.4. ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

This shows the group's expenses in creating the printing vending machine

Table 5.6Economic Analysis

MATERIAL PRICE
Bill Collector Php 4,500.00
AC/DC Adapter Php 200.00
Marine Grade Plywood Php 2,000
USB Extension Port Php 100
HP Deskjet 3635 Php 17,560
Extension Php 500
Door Lock Php 100
Door Hinges Php 300
TOTAL Php 25,260

41
 CHAPTER 6: PROTOTYPING PROCESSES, RESULT, AND

DISCUSION

The research design starts by identifying all the reasons why we need to make this project

and why do we come up with the idea of a document printing vending machine. The idea is

sketched to have a visual on the prototype, we design the casing in the Autodesk fusion 360

considering all the possible outcomes and the comfortability in using the vending machine. when

the design is completed the researchers can canvass all the materials needed for the prototype

including the raspberry pi, casing(wood), wires, 7-inch touchscreen monitor bill/coin acceptor

and other accessories. The bill/coin acceptor is set-up to accept the Philippine coins and bills

after that the researchers start coding for the GUI of the system and for the command that we

want to happen in the vending machine and printer. The next process is to make the casing

through woodworking processes the researchers manufactured the casing through the knowledge

in woodworks and assemble the parts connecting all the electronic connections, attaching USB

cables, screen, printer and bill/coin acceptor. The final process is by testing the vending machine

and improving through gathering information from other people to be able to see the cons of the

document printing vending machine.

42
 CHAPTER 7: CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION

The last chapter of this paper contains the finality of the outcome of the product

accompanied by results from the prototyping process, achieved and/or unsuccessful goals and

objects, etc.

7.1. SUMMARY OF GOALS AND OBJECTIVES

With our project, Printing Vending Machine, has come to conclusion, our goals and

objectives are achieved but some of these are not attained fully. We successfully created a

Raspberry Pi – controlled printer with the Raspberry Touch Screen Display as it medium to be

interacted by the user. The GUI of the Raspberry Touch Screen Display is user-friendly

considering the buttons to touch are straightforward and easy to navigate. And, it is optimized to

be in full screen (no exit, minimize, and maximize buttons) but, the taskbar still shows up when

touched at the top-edge of the screen.

For the coin and bill acceptor, it is in-sync with the Raspberry Pi and does not need the

Arduino for counting the pulses considering the acceptors are directly connected to the

Raspberry Pi. The printer does not print the file unless the user achieves the payment needed for

the printing process. The problem with the acceptors is that the bill and coin acceptor are

interrupted in coin when one of the acceptors is used. Also, the coin acceptor pulses are not fully

manipulated since the coins are not calibrated to send pulse according to their value.

The printer is now connected directly to the Raspberry Pi rather than the use of a Wi-Fi

module. The printing process is circulating on a modular printing system called CUPS. It is

where we manipulate our paper sizes, and color. Also, it is where we send the printing jobs and

let them send the information needed and specifications to the printer to be used.

43
 We successfully achieved the most needed part of the Printing Vending Machine is the

page count system. We have achieved this by using a Pure-Python library called PDF toolkit or

PyPDF2. The PDF toolkit has a lot of using but the thing we needed the most is its capability to

count pages but in order to count pages, the file must be in PDF file format. So, for files the are

in .doc or .docx format, our system would convert it in PDF file format (also using PyPDF2) to

be able to count its pages but when the file to be printed is in PDF file format, the PDF toolkit

directly counts it. It is essential for the product since the printing process cost is based on the

color (grayscale or colored printing process) and the number of pages.

7.2. STUDENT OUTCOME SUMMARY

A. Ability to apply knowledge of mathematics, science, and engineering

 In innovating the Printing Machine, the group was able to apply their knowledge

in mathematics, science, and engineering with the implementation of the

principles in machine design, computer coding, and integrating technology.

B. Ability to design and conduct experiments as well as analyses and interpret data

 As the software is being finalized, the group were able to test the printing vending

machine by inserting a flash drive and inspect its file. Also, we were able to print

different formats of documents like .txt, .jpeg, .png, .pdf, and .docx file.

C. Ability to design a system to meet desired needs

 In general, the designed system was able to meet the desired needs. The group

were able to create a printing vending machine wherein the GUI can display all

the files that can be print. The group also calibrated and integrate the coin and bill

acceptor for the raspberry pi.

44
D. Ability to function on multidisciplinary teams

 Together with the group, we practiced and exercised sharing of knowledge and

opinions to be able to come up with a functional idea. For making the software,

the member who was responsible for has applied skills and knowledge in making

the code and the GUI. For the hardware, the group members had designed and

manufactured a case wherein the printer and other electrical components were

secured.

E. Ability to identify, formulate, and solve engineering problems

 As a group, we experienced different engineering problems but we tried to mend

them to make the results better. For the calibration of the coin, different problems

were identified in terms of the counting process of the coin acceptor itself. Also,

we encountered trouble while coding, since the codes were replaced and put

another code again in order for it to work properly.

F. Understating of professional and ethical responsibility

 Ethical responsibility and professionalism must be applied while creating and

using this Printing Vending Machine. As future engineers, we created this

machine to provide convenience for the people who would use our product.

G. Ability to communicate effectively

 Each of the members of the group raised their own ideas, questions and opinions

on how to deal with the identified problems. With this kind of communication, we

were able to support each other to the task that were given to each member.

H. Broad education necessary to understand the impact of engineering solutions in a

global/societal context

45
  The necessary knowledge and skills needed in creating the Printing Vending

Machine has kept in our mind since the project is a combination of various

specializations. The group assured that each member of the group has researched

each skill that may help them to fabricate the final product.

I. Recognition of the needs for and ability to engage in lifelong learning

 The group reflected on the final output and how it can be improving in the future.

Having a knowledge in these areas, the group can keep on revising the project,

install a new feature which can help the product to be more efficient and

marketable.

J. Knowledge of contemporary issues

 As the group observed the problem which is – in the academe, the students and

other people in the school premises are sometimes having a hard time in finding a

printing station to produce their documents. So, this project aims to minimize that

kind of difficulties happening inside the academe.

K. Ability to use techniques, skill, and modern engineering tools for engineering practice

 In making the frame of the whole machine, the group performed different

techniques such as measuring, sawing, and other carpentry techniques to make the

case of the Vending Machine. The group also utilized various electrical

components in assembling the codes for the project.

L. Knowledge and understanding of engineering and management principles as a member

and leader in a team, to manage projects and in multidisciplinary environments

46
 Each member in the group was assigned to different task that can help in the

manufacturing, development and the presentation of the final product. As a team, each

member did their part to contribute to make the final output finished.

7.3. CONCLUSION

Vending machines are one of the prevalent part of the technology industry nowadays.

The purpose of this innovation is to make a new type of vending machine wherein the

main beneficiaries are the students in the academe. The approach of this innovation is to make a

school printer vending machine with the used of touchscreen LCD to display and dispense

documents. It aims to fabricate equipment with new features and improve the capability of

producing and dispensing. With the used of Internet of Things system for this machine, we were

able to come up with a more interactive user experience such as the Graphical User Interface

(GUI), whereas, the display used is the Raspberry Pi 7-inch touch screen display, internet

connective printers, and actuated coin and bill acceptors. As for the programming, the used of

python as the programming language with the raspberry pi will dictate the procedure that the

user will follow when interacting with the machine. The codes were programmed using OS and

we had transferred it to Linux on the raspberry pi. We limit the machine to simply “pay, print,

and go” system. However, the vending machine cannot provide a monetary change for now since

the focused on doing the machine is on the objective that it can produced a printed document in a

particular format from a user friendly display.

The system of the printer vending machine comprises of three units which are the, Input

unit, Processing unit, and Output unit. Every units has different uses. As the name suggests,

Input unit is a part where the money is placed, Process unit is where the data is being processed,

47
and lastly, the output unit is where the item is withdrawn. Also, there are some systems that are

included for the whole machine, namely: Electronic system, Mechanical system, and the

Electrical system.

The actual product of this project will be placed inside the vicinity of Mapua University –

Manila Campus. For those who will use the machine during the implementation of the product,

they will be receiving a survey questionnaire so that we can gather and analyse their suggestions

or opinions on what they had experience while they are using the vending machine. The result of

this survey will be used in the development of the machine itself. The future development of this

vending machine would be a great help in the technology industry since the people have a high

consideration, expectation, and trust in the automated systems.

7.4. RECOMMENDATIONS

In this study we are able to create the actual document printing vending machine from its

hardware up to the brain of the product which codes and programs. The printing vending

machine can be used as a regular vending machine with a built in 7 inch touchscreen monitor in

line with this the user may not be able to clearly see the information in the screen because the

screen is too small so we recommend to have a bigger screen for the product to make it more

user friendly and comfortable for the customers. We recommend having a close GUI and a

screen saver when the vending machine is not in use. For the printer we recommend having a

switching mechanism for the paper selection to be able to have a different sizes of bond papers

which can make the user to choose the paper size they need. It will also be more economical for

the owner of the product in terms of its maintenance instead of buying a printer with a dual

interchangeable paper size which is more expensive in selling price and for its maintenance. We

48
also recommend to improve the counter of the payments in the program codes, we are able to do

the counting system but it takes time to count the inserted bills/coins which make a delay for the

customers.

49
REFERENCES

Shih-Chang Hung, J.-Y. L. (2016). When Innovations Meet Chaos: Analyzing the Technology
Development of Printers in 1976-2012. Journal of Engineering and Technology
Management, 42, 31–45.

A.Solano, N.Duro, R.Dormido, P. G. (2017). Smart vending machines in the era of internet of
things. Future Generation Computer Systems, 76, 215–220.

Verma, P. K., Verma, R., Prakash, A., Agrawal, A., Naik, K., Tripathi, R., … Abogharaf, A.
(2016). Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communications: A survey. Journal of Network and
Computer Applications, 66(May), 83–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnca.2016.02.016

Matthews, M. A., &Horacek, T. M. (2015). Vending machine assessment methodology. A

systematic review. Appetite, 90, 176–186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2015.03.007

Lambiquet, M. V, Lecong, L. E., Cervantes, S. J. L., Reyes, K. M., Agustin, C. B., &Robillos, H.
E. (2012). School Supply Vending Machine. Pulsar, 1(1).

UL. (2016). UL 751 UL Standard for Safety Vending Machines @ standards.globalspec.com.

Retrieved from https://standards.globalspec.com/std/13051373/ul-751

UL. (2016). UL 541 Standard for Refrigerated Vending Machines @ standardscatalog.ul.com.

Retrieved from https://standardscatalog.ul.com/standards/en/standard_541

International Organization for Standardization. (2005). ISO 23570-1:2005 Industrial automation

systems and integration -- Distributed installation in industrial applications -- Part 1:
Sensors and actuators @ www.iso.org. Retrieved from
https://www.iso.org/standard/39926.html

50
APPENDIX

To retrofit the coin acceptor to the currency in the Philippines:

1. Connect the coin acceptor to a 12V adapter.
2. Press the ADD and MINUS button together for 2 seconds and release. A letter
“A” will appear then press SET.
3. After pressing SET a letter “E” will appear this means you have to set the
number of types of coins to be programmed in the coin acceptor. To set press the
add button then press SET.
4. A “H1” will appear and the first LED will light up, this means that the first type
of coins needs to be set up. Press ADD to set how many times the coin to be
inserted/calibrated in the coin acceptor. Add “20” then press set.
5. A “P1” will appear this means the pulse value to be set. If you have a 1peso coin
set the value to “1” then press SET.
6. A “F1” will appear, this is the accuracy of the reading in the coin acceptor. The
normal state is “8” for all types of coins. Add 8 then press SET.
7. After that an “H2” will appear and the next LED will light up this means a new
type of coin to be set up. Repeat step 4 to 6 but change the pulse rate to the type
of coin to be set. (e.g. 1peso=1, 5peso=5, 10peso=10).
8. After setting the last coin the LED’s will blink and a letter “A” will appear then
it will go back to zero.
9. Press SET and an “A1” will appear with the first LED light up this means that
the coin number 1 needs to be inserted/calibrated in the coin acceptor.
Note: if you set 20 to the “H1” earlier this means the coin must be inserted 20
times.

51
 10. after inserting 20 coins “A2” will appear that means the second coin and repeat
step 9.

Figure A.

Schematic Diagram

CODES

52
Bill and Coin Collector

import RPi.GPIO as GPIO

import time

GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM)

coinPin = 2

billPin = 3

GPIO.setup(coinPin, GPIO.IN, pull_up_down=GPIO.PUD_UP)

GPIO.setup(billPin, GPIO.IN, pull_up_down=GPIO.PUD_UP)

print(“Program Started!”)

count = 0

countold=0

while True:

if GPIO.input(billPin):

print (“Coin Detected”)

count+=1

print (“Value:”),

print (count)

while GPIO.input(billPin):

pass

if GPIO.input(coinPin):

print (“Bill Detected”)

count+=1

53
 print (“Value:”),

print (count)

while GPIO.input(coinPin):

pass

Printer

from tkinter import * container.pack(side="

from tkinter import ttk top", fill="both", expand = def __init__(self, parent,
from tkinter import True) controller):
filedialog container.grid_rowco
from PyPDF2 import nfigure(0, weight=1)
PdfFileReader container.grid_colum
import webbrowser nconfigure(0, weight=1) Frame.__init__(self,
import os parent)
import cups self.frames = {}
import threading self.LongPicBTN =
import os.path for F in (StartPage, PhotoImage(file="/home/pi
import subprocess LongPage, ShortPage): /Desktop/printer/longpaper
import RPi.GPIO as GPIO btn.png")
import time frame = self.ShortPicBTN =
LARGE_FONT = F(container,self) PhotoImage(file="/home/pi
("Courier", 30) self.frames[F] = /Desktop/printer/shortpape
frame rbtn.png")
frame.grid(row=0,
class Print(Tk): column=0, sticky="nsew")
title = Label(self,
def __init__(self, *args, self.show_frame(Start text="P R I N T A S T I
**kwargs): Page) C", font=LARGE_FONT)
title.pack(pady=100,
Tk.__init__(self, def show_frame(self, padx=10)
*args, **kwargs) cont):
LongBTN =
Tk.wm_title(self, frame = ttk.Button(self,
"Printastic") self.frames[cont] text="Long",
Tk.wm_geometry(self frame.tkraise() command=
, "800x480") lambda:
controller.show_frame(Lon
container = gPage))
Frame(self) class StartPage(Frame): LongBTN.pack()

54
 LongBTN.config(ima filenamesplit=filen if count >= total:
ge=self.LongPicBTN) ame.split(".") printmoto =
LongBTN.place(x=27 conn.printFile('HP_DeskJe
0, y=260) if filenamesplit[- t_3630_series', filename,
1]==".pdf": 'test', {})
ShortBTN = pass print(printmoto)
ttk.Button(self, else:
text="Short", conv =
command= subprocess.run(["doc2pdf", counter123=0
lambda: filename])
controller.show_frame(Sho filenamestring="
rtPage)) "
ShortBTN.pack()
ShortBTN.config(ima for x in
ge=self.ShortPicBTN) filenamesplit[-2]:
ShortBTN.place(x=40 filenamestring
0, y=260) +=x def bprinteeer(self):

filename = def paycheck(total):

filenamestring + str(".pdf") global
print(filename counter123
) print("working")
GPIO.setmode(G
class LongPage(Frame): pdf=PdfFileReader( PIO.BCM)
open(filename, 'rb')) coinPin = 2
def __init__(self, parent, numnum=pdf.getN billPin = 3
controller): umPages() GPIO.setup(coin
counter123=0 Pin, GPIO.IN,
totalcheck=0 TextBox.insert(0.0, pull_up_down=GPIO.PUD
conn = filename) _UP)
cups.Connection() PagesBox.insert(0. GPIO.setup(billP
0, numnum) in, GPIO.IN,
def choosefile(self): pull_up_down=GPIO.PUD
TextBox.delete(1.0, return filename _UP)
END)
PagesBox.delete(1. def presetz(self): print("Program
0,END) prez = Started!")
global filename "http://localhost:631/admin count = 0
filename = /#General" countold=0
filedialog.askopenfilename webbrowser.open_ change=0
(initialdir = "/",title = new_tab(prez) while True:
"Select file",filetypes = if
(("docx files def GPIO.input(billPin):
files","*.docx"),("pdf files printeeer(self,count,total): print("Coin
files","*.pdf"),("all global counter123 Detected")
files","*.*"))) print(count,total) count+=1

55
 print("Value PrintBTN.p pull_up_down=GPIO.PUD
:"), ack() _UP)
print(count) PrintBTN.pl GPIO.setup(billP
change=1 ace(x=520, y=330) in, GPIO.IN,
while count = 0 pull_up_down=GPIO.PUD
GPIO.input(billPin): _UP)
pass
elif print("Program
GPIO.input(coinPin): Started!")
print("Bill Tamount.delete(1.0 count = 0
Detected") ,END) countold=0
count+=1 printblack = change=0
print("Value subprocess.run(["sudo", while True:
:"), "lpadmin", "-p", if
print(count) "HP_DeskJet_3630_series GPIO.input(billPin):
change=1 ", "-o", print("Coin
while "ColorModel=CMYGray"] Detected")
GPIO.input(coinPin): ) count+=1
pass total = print("Value
if change == PagesBox.get("1.0", "end- :"),
1: 1c") print(count)
Tinsert1 = totall=float(total) change=1
Label(self, text=" totalcheck=totall while
", font=("Courier",20)) Tamount.insert(0.0, GPIO.input(billPin):
Tinsert1.pla totall*3) pass
ce(x=520, y=360) insertedAmount=0 elif
Tinsert1 = print("total GPIO.input(coinPin):
Label(self, text=str(count), is",total) print("Bill
font=("Courier",20)) t=threading.Thread( Detected")
Tinsert1.pla target=paycheck,args=(tota count+=1
ce(x=520, y=360) ll*3,)) print("Value
change=0 t.start() :"),
print(count)
counter123 print(printblack) change=1
=count while
def cprinteeer(self): GPIO.input(coinPin):
def paycheck(total): pass
if global if change ==
count>int(total): counter123 1:
PrintBTN = print("working") Tinsert1 =
ttk.Button(self, GPIO.setmode(G Label(self, text="
text="Print", PIO.BCM) ", font=("Courier",20))
command=lambda: coinPin = 2 Tinsert1.pla
printeeer(self,counter123,t billPin = 3 ce(x=520, y=360)
otal)) GPIO.setup(coin
Pin, GPIO.IN,

56
 Tinsert1 =
Label(self, text=str(count), PagesBox = Text(self,
font=("Courier",20)) Frame.__init__(self, width=40, height=1,
Tinsert1.pla parent) wrap=WORD)
ce(x=520, y=360) PagesBox.place(x=35
change=0 page = StringVar() 0, y=240)

counter123 label = Label(self, Tamount = Text(self,

=count text="L O N G", width=40, height=1,
if font=LARGE_FONT) wrap=WORD)
count>int(total): label.pack(pady=10, Tamount.place(x=350
PrintBTN = padx=10) , y=290)
ttk.Button(self,
text="Print", ChooseBTN = Tinsert = Label(self,
command=lambda: ttk.Button(self, text="Total Inserted: ",
printeeer(self,counter123,t text="Choose file...", font=("Courier",20))
otal)) command=lambda: Tinsert.place(x=140,
PrintBTN.p choosefile(self)) y=360)
ack() ChooseBTN.pack()
PrintBTN.pl ChooseBTN.place(x=
ace(x=520, y=330) 517, y=190)
count = 0 PrintBlackBTN =
Tamount.delete(1.0 TextBox = Text(self, ttk.Button(self,
,END) width=36, height=1, text="Black",
printcolored = wrap=WORD) command=lambda:
subprocess.run(["sudo", TextBox.place(x=250, bprinteeer(self))
"lpadmin", "-p", y=192) PrintBlackBTN.pack(
"HP_DeskJet_3630_series )
", "-o", #PrintBTN = PrintBlackBTN.place(
"ColorModel=RGB"]) ttk.Button(self, x=250, y=330)
total = text="Print",
PagesBox.get("1.0", "end- command=lambda: PrintColoredBTN =
1c") printeeer(self)) ttk.Button(self,
totall=float(total) text="Colored",
PagesLabel = command=lambda:
print("total Label(self, text="Pages: ", cprinteeer(self))
is",totall) font=("Courier",20)) PrintColoredBTN.pac
t=threading.Thread( PagesLabel.place(x=2 k()
target=paycheck,args=(tota 50, y=230) PrintColoredBTN.pla
ll*5,)) ce(x=150, y=330)
t.start() TamountLabel =
Label(self, text="Total BackBTN =
Amount: ", ttk.Button(self,
Tamount.insert(0.0, font=("Courier",20)) text="Back",
totall*5) TamountLabel.place( command=
print(printcolored) x=140, y=280) lambda:

57
controller.show_frame(Star pdf=PdfFileReader( GPIO.setmode(G
tPage)) open(filename, 'rb')) PIO.BCM)
BackBTN.pack() numnum=pdf.getN coinPin = 2
umPages() billPin = 3
GPIO.setup(coin
class ShortPage(Frame): TextBox.insert(0.0, Pin, GPIO.IN,
filename) pull_up_down=GPIO.PUD
def __init__(self, parent, PagesBox.insert(0. _UP)
controller): 0, numnum) GPIO.setup(billP
in, GPIO.IN,
conn = return filename pull_up_down=GPIO.PUD
cups.Connection() _UP)
def presetz(self):
def choosefile(self): prez = print("Program
global filename "http://localhost:631/admin Started!")
filename = /#General" count = 0
filedialog.askopenfilename webbrowser.open_ countold=0
(initialdir = "/",title = new_tab(prez) change=0
"Select file",filetypes = while True:
(("docx files def if
files","*.docx"),("pdf files printeeer(self,count,total): GPIO.input(billPin):
files","*.pdf"),("all global counter123 print("Coin
files","*.*"))) print(count,total) Detected")
filenamesplit=filen if count >= total: count+=1
ame.split(".") printmoto = print("Value
conn.printFile('HP_DeskJe :"),
if filenamesplit[- t_3630_series', filename, print(count)
1]==".pdf": 'test', {}) change=1
pass print(printmoto) while
else: GPIO.input(billPin):
conv = pass
subprocess.run(["doc2pdf", counter123=0 elif
filename]) GPIO.input(coinPin):
filenamestring=" print("Bill
" Detected")
count+=1
for x in print("Value
filenamesplit[-2]: :"),
filenamestring print(count)
+=x def bprinteeer(self): change=1
while
filename = def paycheck(total): GPIO.input(coinPin):
filenamestring + str(".pdf") global pass
print(filename counter123 if change ==
) print("working") 1:

58
 Tinsert1 = Tamount.insert(0.0, while
Label(self, text=" totall*3) GPIO.input(billPin):
", font=("Courier",20)) insertedAmount=0 pass
Tinsert1.pla print("total elif
ce(x=520, y=360) is",total) GPIO.input(coinPin):
Tinsert1 = t=threading.Thread( print("Bill
Label(self, text=str(count), target=paycheck,args=(tota Detected")
font=("Courier",20)) ll*3,)) count+=1
Tinsert1.pla t.start() print("Value
ce(x=520, y=360) :"),
change=0 print(printblack) print(count)
change=1
counter123 def cprinteeer(self): while
=count def paycheck(total): GPIO.input(coinPin):
if global pass
count>int(total): counter123 if change ==
PrintBTN = print("working") 1:
ttk.Button(self, GPIO.setmode(G Tinsert1 =
text="Print", PIO.BCM) Label(self, text="
command=lambda: coinPin = 5 ", font=("Courier",20))
printeeer(self,counter123,t billPin = 3 Tinsert1.pla
otal)) GPIO.setup(coin ce(x=520, y=360)
PrintBTN.p Pin, GPIO.IN, Tinsert1 =
ack() pull_up_down=GPIO.PUD Label(self, text=str(count),
PrintBTN.pl _UP) font=("Courier",20))
ace(x=520, y=330) GPIO.setup(billP Tinsert1.pla
count = 0 in, GPIO.IN, ce(x=520, y=360)
pull_up_down=GPIO.PUD change=0
_UP)
counter123
print("Program =count
Tamount.delete(1.0 Started!") if
,END) count = 0 count>int(total):
printblack = countold=0 PrintBTN =
subprocess.run(["sudo", change=0 ttk.Button(self,
"lpadmin", "-p", while True: text="Print",
"HP_DeskJet_3630_series if command=lambda:
", "-o", GPIO.input(billPin): printeeer(self,counter123,t
"ColorModel=CMYGray"] print("Coin otal))
) Detected") PrintBTN.p
total = count+=1 ack()
PagesBox.get("1.0", "end- print("Value PrintBTN.pl
1c") :"), ace(x=520, y=330)
totall=float(total) print(count) count = 0
totalcheck=totall change=1 Tamount.delete(1.0
,END)

59
 printcolored = ChooseBTN.place(x= Tinsert = Label(self,
subprocess.run(["sudo", 517, y=190) text="Total Inserted: ",
"lpadmin", "-p", font=("Courier",20))
"HP_DeskJet_3630_series TextBox = Text(self, Tinsert.place(x=140,
", "-o", width=36, height=1, y=360)
"ColorModel=RGB"]) wrap=WORD)
total = TextBox.place(x=250,
PagesBox.get("1.0", "end- y=192)
1c") PrintBlackBTN =
totall=float(total) #PrintBTN = ttk.Button(self,
ttk.Button(self, text="Black",
print("total text="Print", command=lambda:
is",totall) command=lambda: bprinteeer(self))
t=threading.Thread( printeeer(self)) PrintBlackBTN.pack(
target=paycheck,args=(tota )
ll*5,)) PagesLabel = PrintBlackBTN.place(
t.start() Label(self, text="Pages: ", x=250, y=330)
font=("Courier",20))
PagesLabel.place(x=2 PrintColoredBTN =
Tamount.insert(0.0, 50, y=230) ttk.Button(self,
totall*5) text="Colored",
print(printcolored) TamountLabel = command=lambda:
Label(self, text="Total cprinteeer(self))
Amount: ", PrintColoredBTN.pac
Frame.__init__(self, font=("Courier",20)) k()
parent) TamountLabel.place( PrintColoredBTN.pla
x=140, y=280) ce(x=150, y=330)
page = StringVar()
PagesBox = Text(self, BackBTN =
label = Label(self, width=40, height=1, ttk.Button(self,
text="S H O R T", wrap=WORD) text="Back",
font=LARGE_FONT) PagesBox.place(x=35 command=
label.pack(pady=10, 0, y=240) lambda:
padx=10) controller.show_frame(Star
Tamount = Text(self, tPage))
ChooseBTN = width=40, height=1, BackBTN.pack()
ttk.Button(self, wrap=WORD)
text="Choose file...", Tamount.place(x=350
command=lambda: , y=290)
choosefile(self)) app = Print()
ChooseBTN.pack() app.mainloop()

60
Figure B.1 GUI

61
Figure B.2 GUI

SET-UP

62
63