GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS

2003 EDITON

ADDENDUM NO. 5 - 2006, May 2006

The changes in this addendum are marked by wide vertical lines inserted to the left of modified text or by
overwriting the left border of most tables. The Federal Regulations were changed by 1 amendment that
affected 7 sections of the guide. Fourteen transactions affected 16 sections of the guide.

Editorial updates include application of the Editorial Guidelines, updating reference titles, adjustments to
page numbering, and adjustment of text on pages. While only significant editorial updates are marked, all
affected pages carry the current addendum footnote. Editorial updates affected 15 sections of the guide.

The following table shows the affected sections, the pages to be removed, and their replacement pages.

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1
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 FS Amendment - Amdt. Number
New or Updated GM - TR Number
GM Under Review - GMUR
Editorial Update - EU

Guide Section Reason For Change Pages to be Removed Replacement Pages

Title Page EU i/ii thru ix/x i/ii thru ix/x
Table of Contents EU
Historical Reconstruction EU xxiii/xxiv, xxvii/xxviii, xxiii/xxiv, xxvii/xxviii,
of Part 192 xxix/xxx xxix/xxx
Historical Record of EU xlvii/xlviii thru lv/lvi xlvii/xlviii thru lix/lx
Amendments to Part 192
Membership List EU
192.1 EU, Amdt 192-102 11/12 thru 27/28 11/12 thru 28(g)/28(h)
192.3 TR04-62
192.7 EU, Amdt 192-102,
TR04-09
192.8 EU, Amdt 192-102
192.9 EU, Amdt 192-102
192.13 EU, Amdt 192-102
192.311 TR03-26 111/112 and 113/114 111/112 and 113/114
192.452 EU, Amdt 192-102 143/144 thru 149/150 143/144 thru 149/150
192.619 EU, Amdt 192-102 211(b)/212 thru 215/216 211(b)/212 thru 215/216
192.736 TR03-28 241/242 thru 249-250 241/242 thru 249-250
192.739 TR03-29
192.741 TR03-27
192.745 EU, TR03-44
192.747 EU, TR03-44
192.903 TR04-33, TR04-43 262(k)/262(l) 262(k)/262(l) thru
262(l-3)/262(l-4)
192.907 TR04-35
192.909 TR04-36
192.923 TR04-43 262(s)/262(t) 262(s)/262(t) and
262(t-1)/262(t-2)
192.935 TR04-49 262(aa)/262(ab) 262(aa)/262(ab) thru
262(ab-5)/262(ab-6)
192.949 TR04-56 262(ai)/262(aj) 262(ai)/262(aj)
Appendix A TR05-08 263/264 263/264
GMA G-192-1 EU, TR04-35, TR04-56 313/314, 321/322, 313/314, 321/322,
323/324 323/324

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2
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 Guide for
Gas Transmission
and
Distribution Piping
Systems

GPTC Z380.1 - 2003

Addendum No. 5 - 2006

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May 2006
an American National Standard

Author: Secretariat:
Gas Piping Technology Committee (GPTC) Z380 American Gas Association
Accredited by ANSI

Approved by ANSI/GPTC Z380.1-2003

American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Catalog Number: X603065
November 6, 2006

Copyright American Gas Association

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 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition

PLEASE NOTE
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Addenda to this Guide will also be issued in loose-leaf format so that users will be able to keep the
Guide up-to-date by replacing the pages that have been revised with the new pages. It is advisable,
however, that pages which have been revised be retained so that the chronological development of
the Federal Regulations and the Guide is maintained.

CAUTION
As part of subscription service, GPTC (using AGA as Secretariat) will try to keep subscribers
informed on the current Federal Regulations as released by the Department of Transportation (DOT)
This is done by periodically issuing addenda to update both the Federal Regulations and the guide
material. However, the GPTC assumes no responsibility in the event the material that is
automatically mailed to subscribers never reaches its destination, or is delivered late. Otherwise, the
subscriber is reminded that the changes to the Regulations can be timely noted on the Federal
Register's web site.

No part of this document may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,
without the prior written permission of the American Gas Association.

Participation by state and federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be
interpreted as government or industry endorsement of the guide material in this Guide.

Conversions of figures to electronic format courtesy of ViaData Incorporated.

Copyright 2003
THE AMERICAN GAS ASSOCIATION
400 N. Capitol St., NW
Washington, DC 20001
All Rights Reserved
Printed in U.S.A.

Addendum No. 1, September 2004 ii

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 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND
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CONTENTS
Page

PREFACE ...........................................................................................................................................xi

HISTORY.............................................................................................................................................xi

FOREWORD ..................................................................................................................................... xii

LETTER TO GAS PIPING TECHNOLOGY COMMITTEE FROM

THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION ......................................................xiii

AMERICAN GAS ASSOCIATION (AGA) NOTICE AND DISCLAIMER ................... xiv

EDITORIAL CONVENTIONS OF THE GUIDE .....................................................................xv

EDITORIAL NOTES FOR THE HISTORICAL RECONSTRUCTION OF

PARTS 191 AND 192 .................................................................................................................. xvii

HISTORICAL RECONSTRUCTION OF PART 191 .......................................................... xvii

HISTORICAL RECORD OF AMENDMENTS TO PART 191 .........................................xix

HISTORICAL RECONSTRUCTION OF PART 192 ......................................................... xxiii

HISTORICAL RECORD OF AMENDMENTS TO PART 192 ....................................... xxxi

GAS PIPING TECHNOLOGY COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP LIST .................................li

PART 191 -- ANNUAL REPORTS, INCIDENT REPORTS, AND SAFETY-RELATED

CONDITION REPORTS ........................................................................................................... 1
191.1 Scope ........................................................................................................................... 1
191.3 Definitions .................................................................................................................... 2
191.5 Telephonic notice of certain incidents......................................................................... 3
191.7 Addressee for written reports ..................................................................................4(a)
191.9 Distribution system: Incident report.........................................................................4(b)
191.11 Distribution system: Annual report .............................................................................. 5
191.13 Distribution systems reporting transmission pipelines; transmission or gathering
systems reporting distribution pipelines............................................................. 5
191.15 Transmission and gathering systems: Incident report................................................ 6
191.17 Transmission and gathering systems: Annual report ................................................. 6
191.19 Report forms ................................................................................................................ 7
191.21 OMB control number assigned to information collection............................................ 7
191.23 Reporting safety-related conditions ............................................................................ 8
191.25 Filing safety-related condition reports ......................................................................... 9
191.27 Filing offshore pipeline condition reports .................................................................. 10

Addendum No. 5, May 2006 iii --``,,,``,`````,``,``,,,`,,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

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PART 192 -- MINIMUM FEDERAL SAFETY STANDARDS .......................................... 11

SUBPART A -- GENERAL.................................................................................................................. 11
192.1 What is the scope of this part?.................................................................................. 11
192.3 Definitions .................................................................................................................. 12
192.5 Class locations........................................................................................................... 20
192.7 What documents are incorporated by reference partly or wholly
in this part? ....................................................................................................... 21
192.8 How are onshore gathering lines and regulated onshore gathering
lines determined? ............................................................................................. 25
192.9 What requirements apply to gathering lines? ........................................................... 27
192.10 Outer continental shelf pipelines .......................................................................... 28
192.11 Petroleum gas systems .........................................................................................28(a)
192.12 (Removed) ............................................................................................................. 28(c)
192.13 What general requirements apply to pipelines regulated under this part? .......... 28(c)
192.14 Conversion to service subject to this part .............................................................28(d)
192.15 Rules of regulatory construction............................................................................28(e)
192.16 Customer notification..............................................................................................28(f)
192.17 (Removed) .............................................................................................................28(g)

SUBPART B -- MATERIALS .............................................................................................................. 29

192.51 Scope ......................................................................................................................... 29
192.53 General ...................................................................................................................... 29
192.55 Steel pipe ................................................................................................................... 30
192.57 (Removed and reserved) .......................................................................................... 31
192.59 Plastic pipe................................................................................................................. 31
192.61 (Removed and reserved) .......................................................................................... 32
192.63 Marking of materials .................................................................................................. 32
192.65 Transportation of pipe................................................................................................ 33

SUBPART C -- PIPE DESIGN ............................................................................................................ 35

192.101 Scope ......................................................................................................................... 35
192.103 General ...................................................................................................................... 35
192.105 Design formula for steel pipe..................................................................................... 36
192.107 Yield strength (S) for steel pipe................................................................................. 37
192.109 Nominal wall thickness (t) for steel pipe.................................................................... 38
192.111 Design factor (F) for steel pipe.................................................................................. 38
192.113 Longitudinal joint factor (E) for steel pipe.................................................................. 41
192.115 Temperature derating factor (T) for steel pipe.......................................................... 41
192.117 (Removed and reserved) .......................................................................................... 42
192.119 (Removed and reserved) .......................................................................................... 42
192.121 Design of plastic pipe ................................................................................................ 42
192.123 Design limitations for plastic pipe.............................................................................. 44
192.125 Design of copper pipe................................................................................................ 47

SUBPART D -- DESIGN OF PIPELINE COMPONENTS .................................................................. 49

192.141 Scope ......................................................................................................................... 49
192.143 General requirements................................................................................................ 49
192.144 Qualifying metallic components ................................................................................ 50
192.145 Valves ........................................................................................................................ 50
192.147 Flanges and flange accessories ............................................................................... 52
192.149 Standard fittings......................................................................................................... 55
192.150 Passage of internal inspection devices..................................................................... 55
192.151 Tapping ...................................................................................................................... 57
192.153 Components fabricated by welding........................................................................... 58
192.155 Welded branch connections...................................................................................... 59
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192.157 Extruded outlets......................................................................................................... 61

192.159 Flexibility .................................................................................................................... 63
192.161 Supports and anchors ............................................................................................... 66
192.163 Compressor stations: Design and construction........................................................ 67
192.165 Compressor stations: Liquid removal ....................................................................... 69
192.167 Compressor stations: Emergency shutdown............................................................ 69
192.169 Compressor stations: Pressure limiting devices....................................................... 70
192.171 Compressor stations: Additional safety equipment .................................................. 71
192.173 Compressor stations: Ventilation .............................................................................. 72
192.175 Pipe-type and bottle-type holders ............................................................................. 73
192.177 Additional provisions for bottle-type holders ............................................................. 74
192.179 Transmission line valves ........................................................................................... 74
192.181 Distribution line valves............................................................................................... 76

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192.183 Vaults: Structural design requirements..................................................................... 77
192.185 Vaults: Accessibility ................................................................................................... 78
192.187 Vaults: Sealing, venting, and ventilation ................................................................... 78
192.189 Vaults: Drainage and waterproofing.......................................................................... 79
192.191 Design pressure of plastic fittings ............................................................................. 79
192.193 Valve installation in plastic pipe................................................................................. 80
192.195 Protection against accidental overpressuring........................................................... 81
192.197 Control of the pressure of gas delivered from high-pressure
distribution systems.......................................................................................... 83
192.199 Requirements for design of pressure relief and limiting devices ............................. 84
192.201 Required capacity of pressure relieving and limiting stations .................................. 86
192.203 Instrument, control, and sampling pipe and components ........................................ 87

SUBPART E -- WELDING OF STEEL IN PIPELINES ...................................................................... 89

192.221 Scope ......................................................................................................................... 89
192.223 (Removed) ................................................................................................................. 89
192.225 Welding – General..................................................................................................... 89
192.227 Qualification of welders ............................................................................................. 90
192.229 Limitations on welders ............................................................................................... 90
192.231 Protection from weather ............................................................................................ 91
192.233 Miter joints.................................................................................................................. 92
192.235 Preparation for welding.............................................................................................. 92
192.237 (Removed) ................................................................................................................. 93
192.239 (Removed) ................................................................................................................. 93
192.241 Inspection and test of welds ...................................................................................... 93
192.243 Nondestructive testing ............................................................................................... 94
192.245 Repair or removal of defects ..................................................................................... 95

SUBPART F -- JOINING OF MATERIALS OTHER THAN BY WELDING ...................................... 97

192.271 Scope ......................................................................................................................... 97
192.273 General ...................................................................................................................... 97
192.275 Cast iron pipe............................................................................................................. 98
192.277 Ductile iron pipe ......................................................................................................... 98
192.279 Copper pipe ............................................................................................................... 99
192.281 Plastic pipe................................................................................................................. 99
192.283 Plastic pipe: Qualifying joining procedures ............................................................. 103
192.285 Plastic pipe: Qualifying persons to make joints ...................................................... 106
192.287 Plastic pipe: Inspection of joints ............................................................................. 107

Addendum No. 1, September 2004 v

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SUBPART G -- GENERAL CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS FOR TRANSMISSION

LINES AND MAINS ................................................................................................................... 109
192.301 Scope ....................................................................................................................... 109
192.303 Compliance with specifications or standards.......................................................... 109
192.305 Inspection: General ................................................................................................. 109
192.307 Inspection of materials ............................................................................................ 110
192.309 Repair of steel pipe.................................................................................................. 110
192.311 Repair of plastic pipe ............................................................................................... 111
192.313 Bends and elbows ................................................................................................... 112
192.315 Wrinkle bends in steel pipe ..................................................................................... 113
192.317 Protection from hazards .......................................................................................... 113
192.319 Installation of pipe in a ditch .................................................................................... 115
192.321 Installation of plastic pipe ........................................................................................ 117
192.323 Casing ...................................................................................................................... 121
192.325 Underground clearance........................................................................................... 122
192.327 Cover........................................................................................................................ 123

SUBPART H -- CUSTOMER METERS, SERVICE REGULATORS, AND SERVICE LINES ....... 125
192.351 Scope ....................................................................................................................... 125
192.353 Customer meters and regulators: Location ............................................................ 125
192.355 Customer meters and regulators: Protection from damage................................... 127
192.357 Customer meters and regulators: Installation......................................................... 129
192.359 Customer meter installations: Operating pressure ................................................. 130
192.361 Service lines: Installation ......................................................................................... 130
192.363 Service lines: Valve requirements........................................................................... 132
192.365 Service lines: Location of valves ............................................................................. 132
192.367 Service lines: General requirements for connections
to main piping ................................................................................................. 133
192.369 Service lines: Connections to cast iron or ductile iron mains................................. 134
192.371 Service lines: Steel ..............................................................................................134(a)
192.373 Service lines: Cast iron and ductile iron..............................................................134(b)
192.375 Service lines: Plastic............................................................................................134(b)
192.377 Service lines: Copper ............................................................................................. 135
192.379 New service lines not in use.................................................................................... 135
192.381 Service lines: Excess flow valve performance standards ...................................... 136
192.383 Excess flow valve customer notification ................................................................. 139

SUBPART I -- REQUIREMENTS FOR CORROSION CONTROL ................................................. 143

192.451 Scope ....................................................................................................................... 143
192.452 How does this subpart apply to converted pipelines and regulated
onshore gathering lines?................................................................................ 143
192.453 General .................................................................................................................... 144
192.455 External corrosion control: Buried or submerged pipelines
installed after July 31, 1971 ........................................................................... 144
192.457 External corrosion control: Buried or submerged pipelines
installed before August 1, 1971 ..................................................................... 145
192.459 External corrosion control: Examination of buried
pipeline when exposed................................................................................... 149
192.461 External corrosion control: Protective coating ........................................................ 150
192.463 External corrosion control: Cathodic protection...................................................... 151
192.465 External corrosion control: Monitoring .................................................................... 152
192.467 External corrosion control: Electrical isolation ........................................................ 153
192.469 External corrosion control: Test stations................................................................. 156
192.471 External corrosion control: Test leads..................................................................... 156

Addendum No. 5, May 2006

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192.473 External corrosion control: Interference currents.................................................... 157

192.475 Internal corrosion control: General.......................................................................... 158
192.477 Internal corrosion control: Monitoring...................................................................... 160
192.479 Atmospheric corrosion control: General ................................................................. 160
192.481 Atmospheric corrosion control: Monitoring ............................................................. 162
192.483 Remedial measures: General ................................................................................. 163
192.485 Remedial measures: Transmission lines................................................................ 163
192.487 Remedial measures: Distribution lines other than cast
iron or ductile iron lines .................................................................................. 165
192.489 Remedial measures: Cast iron and ductile iron pipelines ...................................... 166
192.490 Direct Assessment................................................................................................... 166
192.491 Corrosion control records ....................................................................................166(a)

SUBPART J -- TEST REQUIREMENTS .......................................................................................... 167

192.501 Scope ....................................................................................................................... 167
192.503 General requirements.............................................................................................. 167
192.505 Strength test requirements for steel pipeline to
operate at a hoop stress of 30 percent or more of SMYS ............................ 168
192.507 Test requirements for pipelines to operate at a hoop
stress less than 30 percent of SMYS and at or above 100 p.s.i.g................ 171
192.509 Test requirements for pipelines to operate below 100 p.s.i.g. ............................... 171
192.511 Test requirements for service lines ......................................................................... 172
192.513 Test requirements for plastic pipelines ................................................................... 172
192.515 Environmental protection and safety requirements ................................................ 173
192.517 Records.................................................................................................................... 175

SUBPART K -- UPRATING .............................................................................................................. 177

192.551 Scope ....................................................................................................................... 177
192.553 General requirements.............................................................................................. 177
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192.555 Uprating to a pressure that will produce a hoop stress

of 30 percent or more of SMYS in steel pipelines ......................................... 179
192.557 Uprating: Steel pipelines to a pressure that will produce a hoop stress less
than 30 percent of SMYS: plastic, cast iron, and ductile iron pipelines........ 181

SUBPART L -- OPERATIONS.......................................................................................................... 185

192.601 Scope ....................................................................................................................... 185
192.603 General provisions................................................................................................... 185
192.605 Procedural manual for operations, maintenance, and emergencies ..................... 186
192.607 (Removed and reserved) ........................................................................................ 193
192.609 Change in class location: Required study............................................................... 194
192.611 Change in class location: Confirmation or revision of
maximum allowable operating pressure........................................................ 194
192.612 Underwater inspection and re-burial of pipelines
in the Gulf of Mexico and its inlets ................................................................. 195
192.613 Continuing surveillance ........................................................................................... 196
192.614 Damage prevention program ..............................................................................197(b)
192.615 Emergency plans..................................................................................................... 203
192.616 Public awareness .................................................................................................... 211
192.617 Investigation of failures............................................................................................ 212
192.619 What is the maximum allowable operating pressure for steel
or plastic pipelines?........................................................................................ 214
192.621 Maximum allowable operating pressure: High-pressure
distribution systems........................................................................................ 215
192.623 Maximum and minimum allowable operating pressure: Low-pressure
distribution systems........................................................................................ 216
Addendum No. 5, May 2006 vii
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192.625 Odorization of gas.................................................................................................... 217

192.627 Tapping pipelines under pressure........................................................................... 219
192.629 Purging of pipelines ................................................................................................. 221

SUBPART M -- MAINTENANCE ...................................................................................................... 223

192.701 Scope ....................................................................................................................... 223
192.703 General .................................................................................................................... 223
192.705 Transmission lines: Patrolling ................................................................................. 226
192.706 Transmission lines: Leakage surveys..................................................................... 228
192.707 Line markers for mains and transmission lines ...................................................... 229
192.709 Transmission lines: Record keeping....................................................................... 230
192.711 Transmission lines: General requirements for repair procedures.......................... 230
192.713 Transmission lines: Permanent field repair of imperfections
and damages.................................................................................................. 231
192.715 Transmission lines: Permanent field repair of welds .............................................. 233
192.717 Transmission lines: Permanent field repair of leaks............................................... 233
192.719 Transmission lines: Testing of repairs .................................................................... 234
192.721 Distribution systems: Patrolling ............................................................................... 234
192.723 Distribution systems: Leakage surveys ................................................................. 236
192.725 Test requirements for reinstating service lines ....................................................... 238
192.727 Abandonment or deactivation of facilities ............................................................... 238
192.729 (Removed) ............................................................................................................... 241
192.731 Compressor stations: Inspection and testing of relief devices ............................... 241
192.733 (Removed) ............................................................................................................... 241
192.735 Compressor stations: Storage of combustible materials........................................ 242
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192.736 Compressor stations: Gas detection....................................................................... 242

192.737 (Removed) ............................................................................................................... 243
192.739 Pressure limiting and regulating stations: Inspection and testing .......................... 243
192.741 Pressure limiting and regulating stations: Telemetering or
recording gauges............................................................................................ 245
192.743 Pressure limiting and regulating stations: Testing of
relief devices................................................................................................... 247
192.745 Valve maintenance: Transmission lines ................................................................. 248
192.747 Valve maintenance: Distribution systems ............................................................... 249
192.749 Vault maintenance................................................................................................... 250
192.751 Prevention of accidental ignition ............................................................................. 252
192.753 Caulked bell and spigot joints ................................................................................. 255
192.755 Protecting cast-iron pipelines .................................................................................. 256
192.761 (Removed) ............................................................................................................... 256

SUBPART N -- QUALIFICATION OF PIPELINE PERSONNEL..................................................... 259

192.801 Scope ....................................................................................................................... 259
192.803 Definitions ................................................................................................................ 260
192.805 Qualification program ..........................................................................................262(a)
192.807 Recordkeeping......................................................................................................262(f)
192.809 General ................................................................................................................262(g)

SUBPART O -- PIPELINE INTEGRITY MANAGEMENT ............................................................. 262(i)

192.901 What do the regulations in this subpart cover? ................................................... 262(i)
192.903 What definitions apply to this subpart? ................................................................ 262(i)
192.905 How does an operator identify a high consequence area?................................262(k)
192.907 What must an operator do to implement this subpart? ....................................... 262(l)
192.909 How can an operator change its integrity management program?..................262(l-3)

Addendum No. 5, May 2006 viii

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192.911 What are the elements of an integrity management program?.........................262(m)

192.913 When may an operator deviate its program from certain
requirements of this subpart? ....................................................................262(n)
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192.915 What knowledge and training must personnel have to carry out an
integrity management program?................................................................262(o)
192.917 How does an operator identify potential threats to pipeline integrity
and use the threat identification in its integrity program?..........................262(o)
192.919 What must be in the baseline assessment plan? ...............................................262(q)
192.921 How is the baseline assessment to be conducted? ............................................262(r)
192.923 How is direct assessment used and for what threats?.......................................262(s)
192.925 What are the requirements for using External Corrosion Direct
Assessment (ECDA)? ............................................................................. 262(t-1)
192.927 What are the requirements for using Internal Corrosion Direct
Assessment (ICDA)?..................................................................................262(u)
192.929 What are the requirements for using Direct Assessment for Stress
Corrosion Cracking (SCCDA)?................................................................. 262(w)
192.931 How may Confirmatory Direct Assessment (CDA) be used? ............................262(x)
192.933 What actions must be taken to address integrity issues? ..................................262(x)
192.935 What additional preventive and mitigative measures must an
operator take? ............................................................................................262(z)
192.937 What is a continual process of evaluation and assessment to
maintain a pipeline’s integrity?............................................................. 262(ab-5)
192.939 What are the required reassessment intervals?........................................... 262(ab-6)
192.941 What is a low stress reassessment? ................................................................262(ad)
192.943 When can an operator deviate from these reassessment intervals?...............262(ae)
192.945 What methods must an operator use to measure program
effectiveness?............................................................................................262(af)
192.947 What records must an operator keep? .............................................................262(ag)
192.949 How does an operator notify OPS? ...................................................................262(ai)
192.951 Where does an operator file a report? ...............................................................262(aj)

APPENDICES TO PART 192

Appendix A (Removed and reserved)................................................................................... 263
Appendix B Qualification of Pipe ........................................................................................... 265
Appendix C Qualification of Welders for Low Stress Level Pipe .......................................... 267
Appendix D Criteria for Cathodic Protection and Determination of Measurements ............ 271
Appendix E Guidance on Determining High Consequence Areas and on
Carrying out Requirements in the Integrity Management Rule ...............272(a)

GUIDE MATERIAL APPENDICES

Guide Material Appendix G-191-1 Telephonic notice worksheet...................................... 273
Guide Material Appendix G-191-2 Distribution system incident report ............................. 275
Guide Material Appendix G-191-3 Distribution system annual report............................... 283
Guide Material Appendix G-191-4 Transmission and gathering systems
incident report..................................................... 289
Guide Material Appendix G-191-5 Transmission and gathering systems
annual report ...................................................... 303
Guide Material Appendix G-191-6 Determination of reporting requirements
for safety-related conditions .............................. 309
Guide Material Appendix G-191-7 Safety-related condition report to United States
Department of Transportation............................ 311

Addendum No. 5, May 2006 ix

Copyright American Gas Association
Provided by IHS under license with AGA Licensee=BP International/5928366101
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale, 06/10/2007 17:14:39 MDT
 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition

Guide Material Appendix G-192-1 Summary of references and related sources............. 313
Guide Material Appendix G-192-1A Editions of material specifications, codes and
standards previously incorporated by reference
in the Regulations ....................................................... 327
Guide Material Appendix G-192-2 Specified minimum yield strengths............................. 331
Guide Material Appendix G-192-3 Flexibility factor k and stress
intensification factor i ......................................... 333
Guide Material Appendix G-192-4 Rules for reinforcement of welded branch
connections ........................................................ 337
Guide Material Appendix G-192-5 Pipe end preparation................................................... 347
Guide Material Appendix G-192-6 Substructure damage prevention guidelines for
directional drilling and other trenchless
technologies ....................................................... 353
Guide Material Appendix G-192-7 [Reserved]................................................................... 355
Guide Material Appendix G-192-8 [Reserved]................................................................... 355
Guide Material Appendix G-192-9 Test conditions for pipelines other
than service lines ............................................... 357
Guide Material Appendix G-192-10 Test conditions for service lines ................................. 359
Guide Material Appendix G-192-11 Gas leakage control guidelines
for natural gas systems...................................... 361
Guide Material Appendix G-192-11A Gas leakage control guidelines
for petroleum gas systems................................. 373
Guide Material Appendix G-192-12 Planned shutdown ...................................................... 387
Guide Material Appendix G-192-13 Considerations to minimize damage by outside
forces .................................................................. 391
Guide Material Appendix G-192-14 [Reserved]................................................................... 395
Guide Material Appendix G-192-15 Design of uncased pipeline crossings of
highways and railroads ...................................... 397
Guide Material Appendix G-192-15A Horizontal directional drilling for steel pipelines ......... 401
Guide Material Appendix G-192-16 Substructure damage prevention guidelines ............. 405
Guide Material Appendix G-192-17 Explicit requirements for reports, inspections,
tests, written procedures, records
and similar actions ............................................ 409
Guide Material Appendix G-192-18 Cast iron pipe .............................................................. 413
Guide Material Appendix G-192-19 Memorandum of understanding between the
Department of Transportation and the
Department of the Interior regarding
outer continental shelf pipelines...................... 417
Guide Material Appendix G-192-20 Fusion equipment maintenance/repair inspection
form..................................................................... 421
Guide Material Appendix G-192-21 Plastic pipe for bridge crossings................................. 423
Guide Material Appendix G-192-M SI (metric) units ........................................................... 425

INDEX............................................................................................................................................... 429

Addendum No. 3, September 2005--``,,,``,`````,``,``,,,`,,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

x
Copyright American Gas Association
Provided by IHS under license with AGA Licensee=BP International/5928366101
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale, 06/10/2007 17:14:39 MDT
 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition

HISTORICAL RECONSTRUCTION OF PART 192

(Complete through Amendment 192-102)

Effective
Date of
Part 192 Part 192 Original Amendments (if any)
Subpart Section Version if
other than
11/12/70

SUBPART A – 192.1 192-27, 192-67, 192-78, 192-81

GENERAL 192-92, RIN 2137-AD77, 192-102
192.3 192-13, 192-27, 192-58, 192-67,
192-72 + Ext., 192-78, 192-81,
192-85, 192-89, RIN 2137-AD43
192-93, 192-94, 192-98,
RIN 2137-AD77
192.5 192-27, 192-56, 192-78, 192-85
192.7 192-37, 192-51, 192-68, 192-78

--``,,,``,`````,``,``,,,`,,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
192-94, RIN 2137-AD77, 192-99
192-102
192.8 192-102
192.9 192-72 + Ext., 192-95 Corr., 192-102
192.10 03/19/98 192-81, RIN 2137-AD77
192.11 11/13/72 192-68, 192-75, 192-78
[192.12] 192-10, 192-36 (removed)
192.13 192-27, 192-30, 192-102
192.14 12/30/77 192-30
192.15
192.16 09/13/95 192-74, 192-74A, 192-84
[192.17] 01/01/71 192-1, 192-27A Ext., 192-38
(removed)

SUBPART B – 192.51
MATERIALS 192.53
192.55 192-3, 192-12, 192-51, 192-68,
192-85
192.57 192-62 (removed and reserved)
192.59 192-19, 192-58
192.61 192-62 (removed and reserved)
192.63 192-3, 192-31, 192-31A, 192-61,
192-61A, 192-62, 192-68, 192-76
192.65 192-12, 192-17, 192-68

Addendum No. 5, May 2006 xxiii

Copyright American Gas Association
Provided by IHS under license with AGA Licensee=BP International/5928366101
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale, 06/10/2007 17:14:39 MDT
 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition

HISTORICAL RECONSTRUCTION OF PART 192

(Continued)

Effective
Date of
Part 192 Part 192 Original Amendments (if any)
Subpart Section Version if
other than
11/12/70

SUBPART C - PIPE 192.101

DESIGN 192.103
192.105 192-47, 192-85
192.107 192-78, 192-84, 192-85
192.109 192-85
192.111 192-27
192.113 192-37, 192-51, 192-62, 192-68,
192-85, 192-94
192.115 192-85
192.117 192-37, 192-62 (removed and
reserved)
192.119 192-62 (removed and reserved)
192.121 192-31, 192-78, 192-85, 192-94
192.123 192-31, 192-78, 192-85, 192-93
192-94
192.125 192-62, 192-85

--``,,,``,`````,``,``,,,`,,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

Addendum No. 1, September 2004 xxiv

Copyright American Gas Association
Provided by IHS under license with AGA Licensee=BP International/5928366101
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale, 06/10/2007 17:14:39 MDT
 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition

HISTORICAL RECONSTRUCTION OF PART 192

(Continued)

Effective
Date of
Part 192 Part 192 Original Amendments (if any)
Subpart Section Version if
other than
11/12/70

SUBPART G – 192.301
GENERAL 192.303
CONSTRUCTION 192.305
REQUIREMENTS FOR 192.307
TRANSMISSION 192.309 192-3, 192-85, 192-88
LINES AND MAINS 192.311 192-93
192.313 192-26, 192-29, 192-49, 192-85
192.315 192-85
192.317 192-27, 192-78
192.319 192-27, 192-78, 192-85
192.321 192-78, 192-85, 192-93, 192-94
192.323
192.325 192-85
192.327 192-27, 192-78, 192-85, 192-98

Addendum No. 1, September 2004

--``,,,``,`````,``,``,,,`,,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`--- xxvii
Copyright American Gas Association
Provided by IHS under license with AGA Licensee=BP International/5928366101
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale, 06/10/2007 17:14:39 MDT
 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition

HISTORICAL RECONSTRUCTION OF PART 192

(Continued)

Effective
Date of
Part 192 Part 192 Original Amendments (if any)
Subpart Section Version if
other than
11/12/70

SUBPART H – 192.351
CUSTOMER METERS, 192.353 192-85, 192-93
SERVICE 192.355 192-58
REGULATORS, AND 192.357
SERVICE LINES 192.359 192-3, 192-85
192.361 192-75, 192-85, 192-93
192.363
192.365
192.367 192-75
192.369
192.371 192-3, 192-85
192.373 192-85
192.375 192-78
192.377
192.379 11/03/72 192-8
192.381 07/22/96 192-79, 192-80, 192-85
192.383 02/03/98 192-83

SUBPART I – 192.451 08/01/71 192-4, 192-27, 192-33

REQUIREMENTS FOR 192.452 12/30/77 192-30, 192-102
CORROSION 192.453 08/01/71 192-4, 192-71
CONTROL 192.455 08/01/71 192-4, 192-28, 192-39, 192-78,
192-85
192.457 08/01/71 192-4, 192-33, 192-93
192.459 08/01/71 192-4, 192-87
192.461 08/01/71 192-4
192.463 08/01/71 192-4
192.465 08/01/71 192-4, 192-27, 192-33, 192-35,
192-35A, 192-85, 192-93
192.467 08/01/71 192-4, 192-33
192.469 08/01/71 192-4, 192-27
--``,,,``,`````,``,``,,,`,,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

192.471 08/01/71 192-4

192.473 08/01/71 192-4, 192-33
192.475 08/01/71 192-4, 192-33, 192-78, 192-85
192.477 08/01/71 192-4, 192-33
192.479 08/01/71 192-4, 192-33, 192-93
192.481 08/01/71 192-4, 192-27, 192-33, 192-93
192.483 08/01/71 192-4
192.485 08/01/71 192-4, 192-33, 192-78, 192-88
192.487 08/01/71 192-4, 192-88
192.489 08/01/71 192-4
192.490 10/25/05 192-101
192.491 08/01/71 192-4, 192-33, 192-78

Addendum No. 5, May 2006 xxviii

Copyright American Gas Association
Provided by IHS under license with AGA Licensee=BP International/5928366101
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale, 06/10/2007 17:14:39 MDT
 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition

HISTORICAL RECONSTRUCTION OF PART 192

(Continued)

Effective
Date of
Part 192 Part 192 Original Amendments (if any)
Subpart Section Version if
other than
11/12/70

SUBPART J - TEST 192.501

REQUIREMENTS 192.503 192-58, 192-60, 192-60A
--``,,,``,`````,``,``,,,`,,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

192.505 192-85, 192-94

192.507 192-58, 192-85
192.509 192-58, 192-85
192.511 192-75, 192-85
192.513 192-77, 192-85
192.515
192.517 192-93

SUBPART K - 192.551
UPRATING 192.553 192-78, 192-93
192.555
192.557 192-37, 192-62, 192-85

SUBPART L - 192.601
OPERATIONS 192.603 192-27A Ext., 192-66, 192-71,
192-75
192.605 192-27A Ext., 192-59, 192-71,
192-71A, 192-93
192.607 192-5, 192-78 (removed and
reserved)
192.609
192.611 192-5, 192-53, 192-63, 192-78,
192-94
192.612 01/06/92 192-67, 192-85, 192-98
192.613
192.614 04/01/83 192-40, 192-57, 192-73, 192-78,
192-82, 192-84 + DFR Removal
192.615 192-24, 192-71
192.616 02/11/95 192-71, 192-99
192.617
192.619 192-3, 192-27, 192-27A, 192-30,
192-78, 192-85, 192-102
192.621 192-85
192.623 192-75
192.625 192-2, 192-6, 192-7, 192-14,
192-15, 192-16, 192-21, 192-58
192-76, 192-78, 192-93
192.627
192.629

Addendum No. 5, May 2006 xxix

Copyright American Gas Association
Provided by IHS under license with AGA Licensee=BP International/5928366101
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale, 06/10/2007 17:14:39 MDT
 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition

HISTORICAL RECONSTRUCTION OF PART 192

(Continued)

Effective
Date of
Part 192 Part 192 Original Amendments (if any)
Subpart Section Version if
other than
11/12/70

SUBPART M - 192.701
MAINTENANCE 192.703
102.705 192-21, 192-43, 192-78
192.706 06/04/75 192-21, 192-43, 192-71
192.707 192-20, 192-20A, 192-27, 192-40,
192-44, 192-73, 192-85
192.709 192-78
192.711 192-27B, 192-88
192.713 192-27, 192-88
192.715 192-85
--``,,,``,`````,``,``,,,`,,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

192.717 192-11, 192-27, 192-85, 192-88

192.719 192-54
192.721 192-43, 192-78
192.723 192-43, 192-70, 192-71, 192-94
192.725
192.727 192-8, 192-27, 192-71, 192-89,
RIN 2137-AD77
[192.729] 192-71 (removed)
192.731 192-43
[192.733] 192-71 (removed)
192.735
192.736 10/18/93 192-69, 192-85
[192.737] 192-71 (removed)
192.739 192-43, 192-93, 192-96
192.741
192.743 192-43, 192-55, 192-93, 192-96
192.745 192-43, 192-93
192.747 192-43, 192-93
192.749 192-43, 192-85
192.751
192.753 192-25, 192-85, 192-93
192.755 06/01/76 192-23
[192.761] 192-91, 192-95 (removed)

SUBPART N - 192.801 10/26/99 192-86

QUALIFICATION OF 192.803 10/26/99 192-86, 192-90
PIPELINE 192.805 10/26/99 192-86, 192-100
PERSONNEL 192.807 10/26/99 192-86
192.809 10/26/99 192-86, 192-90, 192-100

Addendum No. 2, May 2005 xxx

Copyright American Gas Association
Provided by IHS under license with AGA Licensee=BP International/5928366101
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale, 06/10/2007 17:14:39 MDT
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
Provided by IHS under license with AGA
Copyright American Gas Association

GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND --``,,,``,`````,``,``,,,`,,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition

HISTORICAL RECORD OF AMENDMENTS TO PART 192

(Continued)

Amdt Subject Vol FR Pg# Published Docket Effective Affected Sections

192- Date No. Date 192.

95 Pipeline Integrity 68 FR 69778 12/15/03 RSPA 00- 01/14/04 901, 903, 905, 907,
Management 7666 909, 911, 913, 915,
917, 919, 921, 923,
925, 927, 929, 931,
933, 935, 937, 939,
941, 943, 945, 947,
949, 951, App. A & E
95 Correction 69 FR 2307 01/15/04 RSPA 00- 02/14/04 Correct Effective
7666 Date
95 Correction & Petition 69 FR 18228 04/06/04 RSPA 00- 04/06/04 9, 903, 909, 911,
Not for Resale, 06/10/2007 17:14:39 MDT
Licensee=BP International/5928366101

for Reconsideration 7666 913, 917, 921, 925,

927, 929, 933, 935,
937, 939, 941, 943,
945, 947, App. A & E
95 Correction 69 FR 29903 05/26/04 RSPA 00- 05/26/04 903, 925, 935,
7666 App. E
96 Pressure Limiting and 69 FR 27861 05/17/04 RSPA 02- 09/14/04 739, 743
Regulating Stations* 13208
96 DFR Confirmation 69 FR 54248 09/08/04 RSPA 02- 10/08/04 739, 743
13208

Addendum No. 2, May 2005 xlvii

No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
Provided by IHS under license with AGA
Copyright American Gas Association

GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND

DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition

HISTORICAL RECORD OF AMENDMENTS TO PART 192

(Continued)

Amdt Subject Vol FR Pg# Published Docket Effective Affected Sections

192- Date No. Date 192.

97 Passage of Internal 69 FR 36024 06/28/04 RSPA 03- 07/28/04 150

Inspection Devices 16330
98 Periodic Underwater 69 FR 48400 08/10/04 RSPA 97- 09/09/04 3, 327, 612
Inspections 3001
99 Pipeline Operator 70 FR 28833 05/19/05 RIN 2137- 06/20/05 7, 616
(Shown as Public Awareness AD96
100) Program
99 Correction 70 FR 35041 06/16/05 RIN 2137- 06/20/05 Corr. Amdt. No., 616
AD96
Not for Resale, 06/10/2007 17:14:39 MDT
Licensee=BP International/5928366101

100 Operator 70 FR 10332 03/03/05 RSPA 03- 07/01/05 805, 809

Qualifications; 15734
Statutory Changes*
100 DFR Confirmation 70 FR 34693 06/15/05 RSPA 03- 07/15/05 805, 809
15734
-- Agency Reorganization 70 FR 11135 03/08/05 RIN 2137- 03/08/05 1, 3, 7, 10, 727, 949,
AD77 951
101 Standards for Direct 70 FR 61571 10/25/05 RIN 2137- 11/25/05 490
Assessment of Gas AD97
and Hazardous Liquid
Pipelines

Addendum No. 5, May 2006 xlviii

--``,,,``,`````,``,``,,,`,,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND

DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition

HISTORICAL RECORD OF AMENDMENTS TO PART 192

(Continued)

Amdt Subject Vol FR Pg# Published Docket Effective Affected Sections

192- Date No. Date 192.

102 Gas Gathering Line 71 FR 13289 03/15/06 RIN 2137- 04/14/06 1, 7, 8, 9, 13, 452,
Definition AB15 619
* Issued as a Direct Final Rule (DFR).
Not for Resale, 06/10/2007 17:14:39 MDT
Licensee=BP International/5928366101

Addendum No. 5, May 2006 xlix

--``,,,``,`````,``,``,,,`,,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition
Reserved
--``,,,``,`````,``,``,,,`,,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

Addendum No. 5, May 2006 l

Copyright American Gas Association

Provided by IHS under license with AGA Licensee=BP International/5928366101
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale, 06/10/2007 17:14:39 MDT
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
Provided by IHS under license with AGA
Copyright American Gas Association

GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND

DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition

GAS PIPING TECHNOLOGY COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP LIST

DIVISIONS TASK GROUPS SECTIONS
Abbreviations:

Manufacturers

IMP/Corrosion
Transmission
Chairperson: Chair

Regulations
Distribution

Plastic Pipe
Main Body

Executive
st

O&M/OQ

Editorial
First Vice Chairperson: 1 V Chair

Liaison
Design

DP/ER
nd
Second Vice Chairperson: 2 V Chair
Secretary: Sec
Damage Prevention - Emergency Response: DP/ER
Operation and Maintenance: O&M

Abraham, Richard A. X X X X
New England Gas Co., Providence, RI
Affonso, Joaquin J. X X X X
Consumers Energy Co., Jackson, MI
Alexander, Thomas D. X X X
Willbros Engr., Inc., Tulsa, OK
Armstrong, Glen F., Jr. X Chair X X X X X
Not for Resale, 06/10/2007 17:14:39 MDT
Licensee=BP International/5928366101

EN Engineering, Woodridge, IL
Barkei, David E. X X X
We Engeries, Milwaukee, WI
Batten, Charles H. X X X X
Batten & Associates., Inc., Locust Grove, VA
Beaver, Brett X X X
Advantica, Carlise, PA
Becken, Robert C. X X X X
Energy Experts Int. Pleasant Hill, CA
Bennett, Frank M. X X X
PPL Gas Utilities Corp., Lancaster, PA
Bezner, William A. X X
CSR PolyPipe, Inc., Gainesville, TX
Blaney, Steven D. X X X X X
NY State Dept. of Public Service, Albany, NY

Addendum No. 5, May 2006 li

--``,,,``,`````,``,``,,,`,,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
Provided by IHS under license with AGA
Copyright American Gas Association

GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND --``,,,``,`````,``,``,,,`,,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition

GAS PIPING TECHNOLOGY COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP LIST

(Continued)

DIVISIONS TASK GROUPS SECTIONS

Abbreviations:

Manufacturers

IMP/Corrosion
Transmission
Chairperson: Chair

Regulations
Distribution

Plastic Pipe
Main Body

Executive
st

O&M/OQ

Editorial
First Vice Chairperson: 1 V Chair

Liaison
Design

DP/ER
nd
Second Vice Chairperson: 2 V Chair
Secretary: Sec
Damage Prevention - Emergency Response: DP/ER
Operation and Maintenance: O&M

Blanton, Glynn X X X
TN Regulatory Authority, Nashville, TN
Booth, Lloyd E. X X X
Southern Cross Corp., Coppell, TX
Boros, Stephen X X
Plastics Pipe Institute, Washington, DC
Not for Resale, 06/10/2007 17:14:39 MDT
Licensee=BP International/5928366101

Borski, Lawrence W. X X
Williams Gas Pipeline-Transco, Houston, TX
Bull, David E. X SEC X
ViaData LP, Tobyhanna, PA
Burnley, Steven P. X X X X
Columbia Gas Trmn. Corp., Binghamton, NY
Cabot, Paul W. SEC SEC
American Gas Association, Washington, DC
Cadorin, Robert J. X X
Great Lakes Gas Trmn. Co., Troy, MI
Caldwell, Joseph C. X X X Chair
Caldwell & Assoc., Arlington, VA
Carey, Willard S. X X X Chair
Public Service Elec. & Gas Co., Newark, NJ

Addendum No. 5, May 2006 lii

No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
Provided by IHS under license with AGA
Copyright American Gas Association

GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND

DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition

GAS PIPING TECHNOLOGY COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP LIST

--``,,,``,`````,``,``,,,`,,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

(Continued)

DIVISIONS TASK GROUPS SECTIONS

Abbreviations:

Manufacturers

IMP/Corrosion
Transmission
Chairperson: Chair

Regulations
Distribution

Plastic Pipe
Main Body

Executive
st

O&M/OQ

Editorial
First Vice Chairperson: 1 V Chair

Liaison
Design

DP/ER
nd
Second Vice Chairperson: 2 V Chair
Secretary: Sec
Damage Prevention - Emergency Response: DP/ER
Operation and Maintenance: O&M

Chin, John S. X X X X Chair X X

El Paso Corp., Farmington Hills, MI
Clarke, Allan M. Sec X X X
Duke Energy Corp., Houston, TX
Cody, Leo T. X X X
KeySpan Corp., Waltham, MA
Not for Resale, 06/10/2007 17:14:39 MDT
Licensee=BP International/5928366101

Craig, Jim M. X X X
McElroy Mfg., Inc., Tulsa, OK
De Leon, Cesar X X X
PanAm P/L Technology, Inc., San Antonio, TX
Del Buono, Amerigo J. X Chair X
Steel Forgings, Inc., League City, TX
DeVore, James C. X X X X X
Consultant, Green Valley, AZ
Dockweiler, Kenneth D. X X X
Kinder Morgan, Inc., Casper, WY
Erickson, John P. X X
American Public Gas Association, Washington, DC
Fleet, F. Roy X X X X
F. Roy Fleet, Inc., Westmont, IL
Frantz, John H. Chair X
PECO Energy, Philadelphia, PA

Addendum No. 5, May 2006 liii

No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
Provided by IHS under license with AGA
Copyright American Gas Association

GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND --``,,,``,`````,``,``,,,`,,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition

GAS PIPING TECHNOLOGY COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP LIST

(Continued)

DIVISIONS TASK GROUPS SECTIONS

Abbreviations:

Manufacturers

IMP/Corrosion
Transmission
Chairperson: Chair

Regulations
Distribution

Plastic Pipe
Main Body

Executive
st

O&M/OQ

Editorial
First Vice Chairperson: 1 V Chair

Liaison
Design

DP/ER
nd
Second Vice Chairperson: 2 V Chair
Secretary: Sec
Damage Prevention - Emergency Response: DP/ER
Operation and Maintenance: O&M

Frederick, Victor M., III X X X

Utility Line Services, Conshohocken, PA
Fuller, William R. X X X X X
Xcel Energy, Inc., Denver, CO
Groeber, Steve A. X X X X X
Philadelphia Gas Works, Philadelphia, PA
Not for Resale, 06/10/2007 17:14:39 MDT
Licensee=BP International/5928366101

Gunther, Karl M. X X X
NTSB, Washington, DC
Hansen, Jim X X
Perfection Corp., Madison, OH
Hart, Thomas L. X X X
NSTAR Electric & Gas Corp., Westwood, MA
Hazelden, Glyn X X X
Gas Technology Institute, Des Plaines, IL
Heintz, James R. X X X X Chair X X
UGI Utilities, Inc., Reading, PA
Henningsgaard, David R. X X X X
CenterPoint Energy-Minnegasco, Minneapolis, MN
Henry, Jill A. X X X X
Ohio PUC, Columbus, OH
Hotinger, James M. X X X
VA State Corp. Comm., Richmond, VA

Addendum No. 5, May 2006 liv

No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
Provided by IHS under license with AGA
Copyright American Gas Association

GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND

--``,,,``,`````,``,``,,,`,,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition

GAS PIPING TECHNOLOGY COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP LIST

(Continued)

DIVISIONS TASK GROUPS SECTIONS

Abbreviations:

Manufacturers

IMP/Corrosion
Transmission
Chairperson: Chair

Regulations
Distribution

Plastic Pipe
Main Body

Executive
st

O&M/OQ

Editorial
First Vice Chairperson: 1 V Chair

Liaison
Design

DP/ER
nd
Second Vice Chairperson: 2 V Chair
Secretary: Sec
Damage Prevention - Emergency Response: DP/ER
Operation and Maintenance: O&M

Humes, Dennis W. X X X
Mueller Co.- Gas Products Div., Decatur, IL
Hurbanek, Stephen F. X X
Pennsylvania PUC, Darlington, PA
Huriaux, Richard D. X X X
PHMSA, Washington, DC
Not for Resale, 06/10/2007 17:14:39 MDT
Licensee=BP International/5928366101

Kirkland, David L. X X X
Columbia Gas Trmn. Corp., Charleston, WV
Kottwitz, John D. X X Chair X X X
MO Public Service Comm., Jefferson City, MO
Lathrap, Philip A. X X X X X
Retired-Pacific Gas & Elec. Co., Lafayette, CA
Lewis, Raymond D. X X X
Rosen USA, Houston, TX
Lively, Karen S. X X X
Performance Pipe, Plano, TX
Loker, Jon O. X X Chair X
Pipeline Safety Consultant, Saint Albans, WV
Lomax, George S. X X X X
Heath Consultants, Inc., Montoursville, PA
Lueders, John D. X X X
DTE Energy - MichCon, Grand Rapids, MI

Addendum No. 5, May 2006 lv

No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
Provided by IHS under license with AGA
Copyright American Gas Association

GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND

DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition

GAS PIPING TECHNOLOGY COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP LIST

(Continued)

DIVISIONS TASK GROUPS SECTIONS

Abbreviations:

Manufacturers

IMP/Corrosion
Transmission
Chairperson: Chair

Regulations
Distribution

Plastic Pipe
Main Body

Executive
st

O&M/OQ

Editorial
First Vice Chairperson: 1 V Chair

Liaison
Design

DP/ER
nd
Second Vice Chairperson: 2 V Chair
Secretary: Sec
Damage Prevention - Emergency Response: DP/ER
Operation and Maintenance: O&M

Mackay-Smith, Seth X X X X
UMAC, Inc., Exton, PA
st
Marek, Marti 1 V X X X X
Southwest Gas Corp., Las Vegas, NV Chair
Mason, James F. X X
Arkema, Inc., King of Prussia, PA
Not for Resale, 06/10/2007 17:14:39 MDT
Licensee=BP International/5928366101

McMaine Jeffrey B. X X X
Texas Gas Trmn., LLC, Owensboro, KY
Miller, D. Lane X X X X Sec
Transportation Safety Inst., Oklahoma City, OK
Moore, Clarence W. X X X
Dominion, Cleveland, OH
Naper, Robert C. X X
KeySpan Corp., Waltham, MA
Oleksa, Paul E. X X X X X
Oleksa & Assoc., Akron, OH
Palermo, Eugene F. X X X X
Palermo Plastics Pipe Consulting, Oak Hill, VA
Peters, Kenneth C. X Chair X X X
El Paso Corp. Pipeline Group, Birmingham, AL
Pioli, Christopher A. X X X X
Jacobs Consultancy, Pasadena, CA

Addendum No. 5, May 2006 lvi

--``,,,``,`````,``,``,,,`,,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
Provided by IHS under license with AGA
Copyright American Gas Association

GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND

DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition

GAS PIPING TECHNOLOGY COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP LIST

(Continued)

DIVISIONS TASK GROUPS SECTIONS

Abbreviations:

Manufacturers

IMP/Corrosion
Transmission
Chairperson: Chair

Regulations
Distribution

Plastic Pipe
Main Body

Executive
st

O&M/OQ

Editorial
First Vice Chairperson: 1 V Chair

Liaison
Design

DP/ER
nd
Second Vice Chairperson: 2 V Chair
Secretary: Sec
Damage Prevention - Emergency Response: DP/ER
Operation and Maintenance: O&M

Quezada, Leticia X X X X Chair X

Nicor Gas, Naperville, IL
Reynolds, Donald Lee X Chair X X
NiSource Inc., Columbus, OH
Roberson, Edwin H. X X
Natural Gas Odorizing, Katy, TX
Not for Resale, 06/10/2007 17:14:39 MDT
Licensee=BP International/5928366101

Robertson, Joseph P. X X X
Williams Gas Pipeline-NW, Salt Lake City, UT
Schmidt, Robert A. X X X
Trinity Industry, Russellville, AR
Scott, Edward W. X X X
AmerenIP, Pawnee, IL
Seamands, Patrick A. X X X X
Laclede Gas Co., Saint Louis, MO
nd
Sher, Philip 2 V X
CT Dept. Public Utility Control, New Britain, CT Chair
Siedlecki, Walter X X
AEGIS Insurance Services, Inc., Jersey City, NJ
Slagle, Richard SEC X X
Vectren Energy Delivery of OH, Evansville, IN
Sprenger, Roger W. X X X
San Diego Gas & Elec. Co., San Diego, CA

Addendum No. 5, May 2006 lvii

--``,,,``,`````,``,``,,,`,,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
Provided by IHS under license with AGA
Copyright American Gas Association

GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND

DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition
--``,,,``,`````,``,``,,,`,,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

GAS PIPING TECHNOLOGY COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP LIST

(Continued)

DIVISIONS TASK GROUPS SECTIONS

Abbreviations:

Manufacturers

IMP/Corrosion
Transmission
Chairperson: Chair

Regulations
Distribution

Plastic Pipe
Main Body

Executive
st

O&M/OQ

Editorial
First Vice Chairperson: 1 V Chair

Liaison
Design

DP/ER
nd
Second Vice Chairperson: 2 V Chair
Secretary: Sec
Damage Prevention - Emergency Response: DP/ER
Operation and Maintenance: O&M

Strohm, Billy J. X X
George Fischer Sloane, Little Rock, AR
Tetto, Anthony X X X
AEGIS Insurance Services, Inc., Jersey City, NJ
Themig, Jerome S. X X X X
Ameren Services Co., Pawnee, IL
Not for Resale, 06/10/2007 17:14:39 MDT
Licensee=BP International/5928366101

Torbin, Robert X X
Cutting Edge Solutions, LLC, Framingham, MA
Troch, Steven J. X X
Baltimore Gas & Electric Co., Baltimore, MD
Ulanday, Alfredo S. X X X
Peoples Energy Corp., Chicago, IL
Veerapaneni, Ram X X X X
DTE Energy - MichCon, Detroit, MI
Volgstadt, Frank R. X SEC SEC
Volgstadt & Associates, Inc., Madison, OH
Weber, David E. X X X X
Keyspan Corp., Waltham, MA
Wilkes, Al X X X
Performance Pipe, Plano, TX
Wolf, Brian D. X X X
Iroquois Pipeline Operating Co., Shelton, CT

Addendum No. 5, May 2006 lviii

No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
Provided by IHS under license with AGA
Copyright American Gas Association

GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND

DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition

GAS PIPING TECHNOLOGY COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP LIST

(Continued)

DIVISIONS TASK GROUPS SECTIONS

Abbreviations:

Manufacturers

IMP/Corrosion
Transmission
Chairperson: Chair

Regulations
Distribution

Plastic Pipe
Main Body

Executive
st

O&M/OQ

Editorial
First Vice Chairperson: 1 V Chair

Liaison
Design

DP/ER
nd
Second Vice Chairperson: 2 V Chair
Secretary: Sec
Damage Prevention - Emergency Response: DP/ER
Operation and Maintenance: O&M

Wolf, Russell A. X X
Willbros Engr., Inc., Tulsa, OK
Zapalac, Daniel P. X X
R.W. Lyall & Co., Inc., Corona, CA
Not for Resale, 06/10/2007 17:14:39 MDT
Licensee=BP International/5928366101

Addendum No. 5, May 2006 lix

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 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition

Reserved

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Addendum No. 5, May 2006 lx

Copyright American Gas Association

Provided by IHS under license with AGA Licensee=BP International/5928366101
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale, 06/10/2007 17:14:39 MDT
 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND §192.1
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART A

PART 192
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MINIMUM FEDERAL SAFETY STANDARDS

Authority: 49 U.S.C. 5103, 60102, 60104, 60108, 60109, 60110, 60113, and 60118; and 49 CFR 1.53.
Source: 35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, unless otherwise noted.

SUBPART A
GENERAL

§192.1
\ What is the scope of this part?
\ [Effective Date: 4-14-06]

(a) This part prescribes minimum safety requirements for pipeline facilities and the transportation
of gas, including pipeline facilities and the transportation of gas within the limits of the outer
continental shelf as that term is defined in the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act (43 U.S.C. 1331).
(b) This part does not apply to—
(1) Offshore gathering of gas in State waters upstream from the outlet flange of each facility
where hydrocarbons are produced or where produced hydrocarbons are first separated, dehydrated, or
otherwise processed, whichever facility is farther downstream;
(2) Pipelines on the Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) that are producer-operated and cross into
State waters without first connecting to a transporting operator’s facility on the OCS, upstream
(generally seaward) of the last valve on the last production facility on the OCS. Safety equipment
protecting PHMSA-regulated pipeline segments is not excluded. Producing operators for those pipeline
segments upstream of the last valve of the last production facility on the OCS may petition the
Administrator, or designee, for approval to operate under PHMSA regulations governing pipeline
design, construction, operation, and maintenance under 49 CFR 190.9.
(3) Pipelines on the Outer Continental Shelf upstream of the point at which operating
responsibility transfers from a producing operator to a transporting operator;
(4) Onshore gathering of gas—
(i) Through a pipeline that operates at less than 0 psig (0 kPa);
(ii) Through a pipeline that is not a regulated onshore gathering line (as determined in
§192.8); and
(iii) Within inlets of the Gulf of Mexico, except for the requirements in §192.612.
(5) Any pipeline system that transports only petroleum gas or petroleum gas/air mixtures to—
(i) Fewer than 10 customers, if no portion of the system is located in a public place; or
(ii) A single customer, if the system is located entirely on the customer’s premises (no
matter if a portion of the system is located in a public place).

[Amdt. 192-27, 41 FR 34598, Aug. 16, 1976; Amdt. 192-67, 56 FR 63764, Dec. 5, 1991; Amdt. 192-78, 61 FR
28770, June 6, 1996 with Amdt. 192-78 Correction, 61 FR 30824, June 18, 1996; Amdt. 192-81, 62 FR
61692, Nov. 19, 1997 with Amdt. 192-81 Confirmation, 63 FR 12659, Mar. 16, 1998; Amdt. 192-92, 68 FR
46109, Aug. 5, 2003; RIN 2137-AD77, 70 FR 11135, Mar. 8, 2005; Amdt. 192-102, 71 FR 13289, Mar. 15,
2006]

Addendum No. 5, May 2006 11

Copyright American Gas Association
Provided by IHS under license with AGA Licensee=BP International/5928366101
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale, 06/10/2007 17:14:39 MDT
 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND §192.1
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART A

GUIDE MATERIAL

This guide material is under review following Amendment 192-102.

(a) The guide material presented in this Guide includes information and some of the acceptable methods to
assist the operator in complying with the Minimum Federal Safety Standards. The recommendations
contained in the Guide are based on sound engineering principles, developed by a committee balanced in
accordance with accepted committee procedures, and must be applied by the use of sound and competent
engineering judgment. The guide material is advisory in nature and should not restrict the operator from
using other methods of complying. In addition, the operator is cautioned that the guide material may not be
adequate under all conditions encountered.

(b) While this Guide is intended principally to serve natural gas pipelines, it is a valuable reference for other
pipelines covered by Part 192. The user is cautioned that the unique properties and characteristics
associated with other gases (e.g., density, corrosivity, and temperature extremes) may require special
engineering considerations.

(c) As used in the Guide, the terms Personnel, Employees, Workers, etc., refer to operator employees and,
unless specifically noted otherwise, include other personnel as used by operators to perform Part 192
functions.

(d) The operator is responsible for the work of a contractor performing tasks covered under Part 192. The
operator should ensure that contract personnel are familiar with applicable procedures prior to the start of
work.

(e) A reference for hydrogen pipelines is OPS Report No. DOT.RSPA/DMT-10-85-1, "Safety Criteria for the
Operation of Gaseous Hydrogen Pipelines", (Discontinued).

(f) For offshore pipelines, responsibilities have been assigned to the Department of Transportation and the
Department of the Interior in accordance with their Memorandum of Understanding dated December 10,
1996 (Implemented per Federal Register, Vol. 62, No. 223, November 19, 1997). See Guide Material
Appendix G-192-19.

(g) Additional state requirements may exist for intrastate facilities.

§192.3
Definitions.
[Effective Date: 5-6-05]

As used in this part:

Abandoned means permanently removed from service.
Administrator means the Administrator, Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration
or his or her delegate.
Customer meter means the meter that measures the transfer of gas from an operator to a
consumer.
Distribution line means a pipeline other than a gathering or transmission line.
Exposed underwater pipeline means an underwater pipeline where the top of the pipe protrudes
above the underwater natural bottom (as determined by recognized and generally accepted
practices) in waters less than 15 feet (4.6 meters) deep, as measured from mean low water.
Gas means natural gas, flammable gas, or gas which is toxic or corrosive.
Gathering line means a pipeline that transports gas from a current production facility to a
transmission line or main.
Gulf of Mexico and its inlets means the waters from the mean high water mark of the coast of the
Gulf of Mexico and its inlets open to the sea (excluding rivers, tidal marshes, lakes and canals)
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Addendum No. 5, May 2006

Copyright American Gas Association
Provided by IHS under license with AGA
12
Licensee=BP International/5928366101
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale, 06/10/2007 17:14:39 MDT
 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND §192.3
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART A

seaward to include the territorial sea and Outer Continental Shelf to a depth of 15 feet (4.6 meters), as
measured from the mean low water.
Hazard to navigation means, for the purposes of this part, a pipeline where the top of the pipe is
less than 12 inches (305 millimeters) below the underwater natural bottom (as determined by
recognized and generally accepted practices) in waters less than 15 feet (4.6 meters) deep, as
measured from the mean low water.
High pressure distribution system means a distribution system in which the gas pressure in the
main is higher than the pressure provided to the customer.
Line section means a continuous run of transmission line between adjacent compressor
stations, between a compressor station and storage facilities, between a compressor station and a
block valve, or between adjacent block valves.
Listed specification means a specification listed in section I of Appendix B of this part.
Low-pressure distribution system means a distribution system in which the gas pressure in the
main is substantially the same as the pressure provided to the customer.
Main means a distribution line that serves as a common source of supply for more than one
service line.
Maximum actual operating pressure means the maximum pressure that occurs during normal
operations over a period of 1 year.
Maximum allowable operating pressure (MAOP) means the maximum pressure at which a
pipeline or segment of a pipeline may be operated under this part.
Municipality means a city, county, or any other political subdivision of a state.
Offshore means beyond the line of ordinary low water along that portion of the coast of the
United States that is in direct contact with the open seas and beyond the line marking the seaward
limit of inland waters.
Operator means a person who engages in the transportation of gas.
Outer Continental Shelf means all submerged lands lying seaward and outside the area of lands
beneath navigable waters as defined in Section 2 of the Submerged Lands Act (43 U.S.C. 1301) and
of which the subsoil and seabed appertain to the United States and are subject to its jurisdiction and
control.
Person means any individual, firm, joint venture, partnership, corporation, association, state,
municipality, cooperative association, or joint stock association, and including any trustee, receiver,
assignee, or personal representative thereof.
Petroleum gas means propane, propylene, butane, (normal butane or isobutanes), and butylene
(including isomers), or mixtures composed predominantly of these gases, having a vapor pressure
o o
not exceeding 208 psi (1434 kPa) gage at 100 F (38 C).
Pipe means any pipe or tubing used in the transportation of gas, including pipe-type holders.
Pipeline means all parts of those physical facilities through which gas moves in transportation,
including pipe, valves, and other appurtenance attached to pipe, compressor units, metering
stations, regulator stations, delivery stations, holders, and fabricated assemblies.
Pipeline facility means new and existing pipelines, rights-of-way, and any equipment, facility, or
building used in the transportation of gas or in the treatment of gas during the course of
transportation.
Service line means a distribution line that transports gas from a common source of supply to an
individual customer, to two adjacent or adjoining residential or small commercial customers, or to
multiple residential or small commercial customers served through a meter header or manifold. A
service line ends at the outlet of the customer meter or at the connection to a customer's piping,
whichever is further downstream, or at the connection to customer piping if there is no meter.
Service regulator means the device on a service line that controls the pressure of gas delivered
from a higher pressure to the pressure provided to the customer. A service regulator may serve one
customer or multiple customers through a meter header or manifold.
SMYS means specified minimum yield strength is:
(1) For steel pipe manufactured in accordance with a listed specification, the yield strength
specified as a minimum in that specification; or
(2) For steel pipe manufactured in accordance with an unknown or unlisted specification,
the yield strength determined in accordance with §192.107(b).
State means each of the several states, the District of Columbia, and the Commonwealth of
Puerto Rico.
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Addendum No. 5, May 2006

Copyright American Gas Association
Provided by IHS under license with AGA
13
Licensee=BP International/5928366101
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale, 06/10/2007 17:14:39 MDT
 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND §192.3
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART A

Transmission line means a pipeline, other than a gathering line, that: (1) Transports gas from a
gathering line or storage facility to a distribution center, storage facility, or large volume customer
that is not down-stream from a distribution center; (2) operates at a hoop stress of 20 percent or
more of SMYS; or (3) transports gas within a storage field.
Note: A large volume customer may receive similar volumes of gas as a distribution center, and
includes factories, power plants, and institutional users of gas.
Transportation of gas means the gathering, transmission, or distribution of gas by pipeline or
the storage of gas, in or affecting interstate or foreign commerce.

[Amdt. 192-13, 38 FR 9083, Apr. 10, 1973; Amdt. 192-27, 41 FR 34598, Aug. 16, 1976; Amdt. 192-58, 53
FR 1633, Jan. 21, 1988; Amdt. 192-67, 56 FR 63764, Dec. 5, 1991; Amdt. 192-72, 59 FR 17275, Apr. 12,
1994 with Amdt. 192-72 Ext., 59 FR 49896, Sept. 30, 1994, Amdt. 192-72 Ext. Correction, 59 FR 52863,
Oct. 19, 1994 and Amdt. 192-72 Ext., 60 FR 7133, Feb. 7, 1995; Amdt. 192-78, 61 FR 28770, June 6,
1996 with Amdt. 192-78 Correction, 61 FR 30824, June 18, 1996; Amdt. 192-81, 62 FR 61692, Nov. 19,
1997 with Amdt. 192-81 Confirmation, 63 FR 12659, Mar. 16, 1998; Amdt. 192-85, 63 FR 37500, July
13, 1998; Amdt. 192-89, 65 FR 54440, Sept. 8, 2000; RIN 2137-AD43, 68 FR 11748, Mar. 12, 2003;
Amdt. 192-93, 68 FR 53895, Sept. 15, 2003; Amdt. 192-94, 69 FR 32886, June 14, 2004 with Amdt.
192-94 Correction, 69 FR 54591, Sept. 9, 2004 and Amdt. 192-94 DFR [Correction], 70 FR 3147, Jan.
21, 2005; Amdt. 192-98, 69 FR 48400, Aug. 10, 2004; RIN 2137-AD77, 70 FR 11135, Mar. 8, 2005]

GUIDE MATERIAL

Glossary of Commonly Used Terms

This guide material is under review following Amendment 192-98.

Abandoned pipeline is a pipeline that is physically separated from its source of gas and is no longer

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maintained under Part 192.
Abandonment is the process of abandoning a pipeline.
Adhesive joint is a joint made in thermosetting plastic piping by the use of an adhesive substance that forms
a bond between the mating surfaces without dissolving either one of them.
Ambient temperature is the temperature of the surrounding medium, usually used to refer to the temperature
of the air in which a structure is situated or a device operates. See also Ground Temperature and
Temperature.
Bell-welded pipe is furnace-welded pipe that has a longitudinal butt joint that is forge-welded by the
mechanical pressure developed in drawing the furnace-heated skelp through a cone-shaped die. The
die, commonly known as a "welding bell," serves as a combined forming and welding die. This type of
pipe is produced in individual lengths from cut-length skelp. Typical specifications: ASTM A 53, API
Spec 5L. See also Furnace-butt-welded pipe and Pipe manufacturing processes.
Bottle is a gas-tight structure which is (1) completely fabricated by the manufacturer from pipe with integral
drawn, forged, or spun end closures; and (2) tested in the manufacturer's plant. See also Bottle-type
holder.
Bottle-type holder is any bottle or group of interconnected bottles installed in one location, and used for the
sole purpose of storing gas. See also Bottle.
Carbon steel. By common custom, steel is considered to be carbon steel when (i) no minimum content is
specified or required for aluminum, boron, chromium, cobalt, columbium, molybdenum, nickel, titanium,
tungsten, vanadium, zirconium, or any other element added to obtain a desired alloying effect; (ii) the
specified minimum content for copper does not exceed 0.40 percent; or (iii) the specified maximum
content does not exceed 1.65 percent for manganese, 0.60 percent for silicon or 0.60 percent for
copper.

All carbon steels may contain small quantities of unspecified residual elements unavoidably retained
from raw materials. These elements (copper, nickel, molybdenum, chromium, etc.) are considered
incidental and are not normally determined or reported.

Addendum No. 4, January 2006

Copyright American Gas Association
14
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No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale, 06/10/2007 17:14:39 MDT
 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND §192.3
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART A

Cast iron. The unqualified term cast iron applies to gray cast iron that is a cast ferrous material in which a
major part of the carbon content occurs as free carbon in the form of flakes interspersed through the
metal.
Cold-expanded pipe is seamless or welded pipe which is formed and then, expanded in the pipe mill while
cold, so that the circumference is permanently increased by at least 0.50 percent.
Continuous-welded pipe is furnace-welded pipe which has a longitudinal butt joint that is forge-welded by the
mechanical pressure developed in rolling the hot-formed skelp through a set of round pass welding
rolls. It is produced in continuous lengths from coiled skelp and subsequently cut into individual lengths.
Typical specifications: ASTM A 53, API Spec 5L. See also Furnace-butt-welded pipe and Pipe
manufacturing processes.
Control piping is pipe, valves, and fittings used to interconnect air, gas, or hydraulically operated control
apparatus.
Curb valve is a valve installed for the purpose of shutting off the gas supply to a building. It is installed below
grade in a service line, at or near the property line. It is operated by use of a removable key or wrench,
through a curb box or standpipe.
Customer meter is a device that measures gas delivered to a customer for consumption on its premises.
Deactivation (Inactivation) is the process of making the pipeline inactive.
District regulator station or district pressure regulating station is a pressure regulating station that controls
pressure to a high or low-pressure distribution main. It does not include pressure regulation whose
sole function is to control pressure to a manifold serving multiple customers.
Double submerged-arc-welded pipe is a pipe having longitudinal or spiral butt joints. The joints are produced
by at least two passes, including at least one each on the inside and on the outside of the pipe.
Coalescence is produced by heating with an electric arc or arcs between the bare metal electrode or
electrodes and the work. The welding is shielded by a blanket or granular, fusible material on the work.
Pressure is not used and filler metal for the inside and outside welds is obtained from the electrode or
electrodes. Typical specifications: ASTM A 381, API Spec 5L. See also Pipe manufacturing processes.
Ductile iron (sometimes called nodular iron) is a cast ferrous material in which the free graphite present is in a
spheroidal form rather than a flake form. The desirable properties of ductile iron are achieved by means
of chemistry and a ferritizing heat treatment of the castings.
Electric-flash-welded pipe is pipe having a longitudinal butt joint wherein coalescence is produced,
simultaneously over the entire area of abutting surfaces, by the heat obtained from resistance to the
flow of electric current between the two surfaces, and by the application of pressure after heating is
substantially completed. Flashing and upsetting are accompanied by the expulsion of metal from the
joint. Typical specification: API Spec 5L. See also Pipe manufacturing processes.
Electric-fusion-welded pipe is pipe having a longitudinal butt joint wherein coalescence is produced in the
preformed tube by manual or automatic electric-arc welding. The weld may be single or double and may

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be made with or without the use of filler metal. Typical specifications: ASTM A 134, ASTM A 139: Single
or double weld is permitted with or without the use of filler metal. ASTM A 671, ASTM A 672, ASTM A
691, and API Spec 5L: Requires both inside and outside welds and use of filler metal.

Spiral-welded pipe is also made by the electric-fusion-welded process with either a butt joint, a lap joint
or a lock-seam joint. Typical specifications: ASTM A 134, ASTM A 139, and API Spec 5L: Butt joint.
ASTM A 211: Butt joint, lap joint, or lock-seam joint. See also Pipe manufacturing processes.
Electric-resistance-welded pipe is pipe, which has a longitudinal butt joint wherein coalescence, is produced
by the application of pressure and by the heat obtained from the resistance of the pipe to the flow of an
electric current in a circuit of which the pipe is a part. It is produced in individual lengths or in continuous
lengths from coiled skelp and subsequently cut into individual lengths. Typical specifications: ASTM A
53, ASTM A 135, and API Spec 5L. See also Pipe manufacturing processes.
Excess Flow Valve (EFV) is a device installed in a gas pipeline to automatically restrict or shut off the gas
flow through the line when the flow exceeds a predetermined limit.
Excess Flow Valve-Bypass (EFVB) is an EFV that is designed to limit the flow of gas upon closure to a small,
predetermined level. EFVBs reset automatically once the line downstream is made gas tight and
pressure is equalized across the valve.

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Excess Flow Valve-Non-Bypass (EFVNB) is an EFV that is designed to stop the flow of gas upon closure.
EFVNBs must be manually reset.
Furnace-butt-welded pipe. There are two such types of pipe defined in this glossary: Bell-welded pipe and
Continuous-welded pipe. See also Pipe manufacturing processes.
Furnace-lap-welded pipe is pipe that has a longitudinal lap joint that is produced by the forge welding
process. In this process, coalescence is produced by heating preformed tube to welding temperature
and then passing it over a mandrel. The mandrel is located between the two welding rolls that compress
and weld the overlapping edges. Typical specification: API Spec 5L. The manufacture of this type of
pipe was discontinued, and the process was deleted from API Spec 5L in 1962. See also Pipe
manufacturing processes.
Gas control is a person or persons who acquire and maintain data to remotely monitor and direct the flow of
gas to meet design and contractual obligations, and to assist in detecting pipeline emergencies and
initiating response.
Ground temperature is the temperature of the earth at pipe depth. See also Ambient temperature and
Temperature.
Heat fusion joint is a joint made in thermoplastic piping by heating the parts sufficiently to permit fusion of the
materials when the parts are pressed together.
Hoop stress is the stress in a pipe wall, acting circumferentially in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal
axis of the pipe, produced by the pressure of the fluid in the pipe. In this Guide, hoop stress in steel pipe
is calculated by the formula:

PD
Sh =
2t
Where:
Sh = hoop stress, psi
P = internal pressure, psig
D = nominal outside diameter of pipe, inches
t = nominal wall thickness, inches
See also Maximum allowable hoop stress.
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Hot taps are connections made to transmission lines, mains, or other facilities while they are in operation.
The connecting and tapping is done while the facility is under gas pressure.
Hydrostatic Design Basis (HDB) is one of a series of established stress values specified in ASTM D 2837,
"Standard Test Method for Obtaining Hydrostatic Design Basis for Thermoplastic Pipe Materials or
Pressure Design Basis for Thermoplastic Pipe Products," for a plastic compound, obtained by
categorizing the long-term hydrostatic strength as determined in accordance with ASTM D 2837.
Inactive pipeline is a pipeline that is being maintained under Part 192 but is not presently being used to
transport gas.
Instrument piping is pipe, valves, and fittings used to connect instruments to main piping, to other instruments
and apparatus, or to measuring equipment.
Iron. See Cast iron, Ductile iron, and Malleable iron.
Joint. See Length.
Leakage surveys are systematic inspections made for the purpose of finding leaks in a gas piping system.
The types of inspections commonly made are described in Guide Material Appendix G-192-11 "Gas
Leakage Control Guidelines for Natural Gas Systems" and Guide Material Appendix G-192-11A "Gas
Leakage Control Guidelines for Petroleum Gas Systems."
Length is a piece of pipe as delivered from the mill. Each piece is called a length regardless of its actual
longitudinal dimension. While this is sometimes called a "joint," the term "length" is preferred.
Light surface oxide is a non-damaging form of corrosion.
Long-term hydrostatic strength of plastic pipe is the estimated hoop stress, in psi that would result in a failure
of the pipe if the pipe were subjected to 100,000 hours of hydrostatic pressure.
Lower Explosive Limit (LEL) is the lower limit of flammability for a gas expressed as a percent, by volume, of
gas in air.
Malleable iron is a mixture of iron and carbon, including small amounts of silicon, manganese, phosphorous
and sulfur which, after being cast, is converted structurally by heat treatment into primarily a matrix of
ferrite containing nodules of tempered carbon.
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Maximum allowable hoop stress is the maximum hoop stress permitted for the design of a piping system. It
depends upon the material used, the class location of the pipe, and the operating conditions. See also
Hoop stress.
Maximum allowable test pressure is the maximum internal fluid pressure permitted for testing, for the
materials, and class location involved.
Meters. See Customer meter and Meter set assembly.
Meter set assembly is the piping installed to connect the inlet side of the meter to the gas service line, and to
connect the outlet side of the meter to the customer's fuel line.
Monitoring regulator is a pressure regulator, set in series with another pressure regulator, for the purpose of
providing automatic overpressure protection in the event of a malfunction of the primary regulator.
Nodular iron. See Ductile iron.
Nominal outside diameter (D) is the outside diameter, in inches, as listed in Table 192.105i for nominal pipe
size 12 inches and less, and is the same as the nominal pipe size greater than 12 inches. It is used in
the design formula for steel pipe in §192.105 and the calculation for hoop stress.
Nominal wall thickness (t) is the wall thickness, in inches, computed by, or used in, the design formula for
steel pipe in §192.105. Pipe may be ordered to this computed wall thickness without adding an
allowance to compensate for the under-thickness tolerances permitted in approved specifications.
Operating stress is the stress in a pipe or structural member under normal operating conditions.
Overpressure protection is the use of a device or equipment installed for the purpose of preventing pressure
in a pipe system or other facility from exceeding a predetermined limit. See also Pressure limiting
station, Pressure regulating station, Pressure relief station, and Service regulator.
Parallel encroachment pertains to that portion of the route of a transmission line or main that lies within, runs
in a generally parallel direction to, and does not necessarily cross, the rights-of-way of a road, street,
highway, or railroad.
Pipe. See Bell-welded pipe, Cold expanded pipe, Continuous-welded pipe, Control piping,
Double-submerged-arc-welded pipe, Electric-flash-welded pipe, Electric-fusion-welded pipe,
Electric-resistance-welded pipe, Furnace-butt-welded pipe, Furnace-lap-welded pipe, Instrument piping,
Length, Pipe-container, Pipe manufacturing processes, Pipe-type holder, Sample piping, and Seamless
pipe.
Pipe-container is a gas-tight structure assembled from pipe and end closures. See also Pipe-type holder.
Pipe manufacturing processes. A reference is ASME I00396 “History of Line Pipe Manufacturing in North
America.” Types and names of welded joints are used herein as defined in the American Welding
Society (AWS) Publication A3.0 "Standard Welding Terms and Definitions" except for the following
terms which are defined in this glossary.
Bell-welded pipe
Continuous-welded pipe
Double-submerged-arc-welded pipe
Electric-flash-welded pipe
Electric-fusion-welded pipe
Electric-resistance-welded pipe
Furnace-butt-welded pipe
Furnace-lap-welded pipe
Seamless pipe
Pipe-type holder is any pipe-container or group of interconnected pipe-containers installed at one location for
the sole purpose of storing gas. See also Pipe-container.
Plastic (noun) is a material that contains one or more organic polymeric substances of high molecular weight
as an essential ingredient, is solid in its finished state, and can be shaped by flow at some stage of its
manufacture or processing into finished articles. The two general types of plastic referred to in this
Guide are thermoplastic and thermosetting. See also Thermoplastic and Thermosetting plastic.
Plastic pipe joints. See Adhesive joint, Heat fusion joint, and Solvent cement joint.
Pressure (expressed in pounds per square inch above atmospheric pressure, i.e., gauge pressure
(abbreviation: psig), unless otherwise stated). See also Maximum allowable test pressure,
Overpressure protection, Pressure limiting station, Pressure regulating station, Pressure relief station,
and Standup pressure test.

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Pressure limiting station consists of apparatus which, under abnormal conditions, will act to reduce, restrict or
shut off the supply of gas flowing into a transmission line, main, holder, pressure vessel or compressor
station piping in order to prevent the gas pressure from exceeding a predetermined limit. While normal
pressure conditions prevail, the pressure limiting station may exercise some degree of control of the
flow of gas or may remain in the wide-open position. Included in the station are any enclosures and
ventilating equipment, and any piping and auxiliary equipment (such as valves, control instruments, or
control lines).
Pressure regulating station consists of apparatus installed for the purpose of automatically reducing and
regulating the gas pressure in the downstream transmission line, main, holder, pressure vessel or
compressor station piping to which it is connected. Included in the station are any enclosures and
ventilating equipment, and any piping and auxiliary equipment (such as valves, control instruments, or
control lines).
Pressure relief station consists of apparatus installed to vent gas from a transmission line, main, holder,
pressure vessel, or compressor station piping in order to prevent the gas pressure from exceeding a
predetermined limit. The gas may be vented into the atmosphere or into a lower pressure gas system
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capable of safely receiving the gas being discharged. Included in the station are any enclosures and
ventilating equipment, and any piping and auxiliary equipment (such as valves, control instruments, or
control lines).
Private rights-of-way are those that are not located on roads, streets or highways used by the public, nor on
railroad rights-of-way.
Proprietary items are items made by a company having the exclusive right of manufacture.
Public place is a place that is generally open to all persons in a community as opposed to being restricted
to specific persons. A public place includes churches, schools, and commercial property, as well as
any publicly owned right-of-way or property that is frequented by people.
Regulators. See Pressure limiting station, Pressure regulating station, Pressure relief station, and Service
regulator.
Sample piping is pipe, valves, and fittings used for the collection of samples of gas or other fluids.
SCADA is supervisory control and data acquisition. SCADA is a remote control system that allows the
transmission of data from a remote site (e.g., a delivery point) to a central control location. SCADA
systems are used to monitor and control flow, pressure, and other parameters of the pipeline system.
SCADA systems may generate an alarm that an event has occurred or an unusual situation is
developing.
Seamless pipe is a wrought tubular product made without a welded seam. It is manufactured by hot working
steel or, if necessary, by subsequently cold finishing the hot-worked tubular product to produce the
desired shape, dimensions, and properties. See also Pipe manufacturing processes.
Secondary stress is stress created in the pipe wall by loads other than internal fluid pressure. Examples are
backfill loads, traffic loads, beam action in a span and loads at supports and at connections to the pipe.
Service line valve is a valve located in the service line ahead of the service regulator, or ahead of the meter
when there is no regulator.
Solvent cement joint is a joint made in PVC piping by using solvent cement to unite the piping components.
Standup pressure test is a test to demonstrate that a pipe or piping system does not leak as evidenced by the
lack of a drop in pressure over a specified period of time after the source of pressure has been isolated.
Steel is an iron-base alloy, malleable in some temperature range as initially cast, containing manganese,
carbon, and often other alloying elements. See also Carbon steel.
Stress is the resultant internal force that resists change in the size or shape of a body acted on by external
forces. See also Hoop stress, Maximum allowable hoop stress, Operating stress, Secondary stress,
Tensile strength, and Yield strength.
o
Temperature (expressed in degrees Fahrenheit ( F) unless otherwise stated). See also Ambient temperature
and Ground temperature.

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Tensile strength is the highest unit tensile stress (referred to the original cross section) that a material can
sustain before failure (psi)
Thermoplastic is a plastic, which is capable of being repeatedly softened by increase of temperature, and
hardened by decreases of temperature.
Thermosetting plastic is a plastic that is capable of being changed into a substantially infusible or insoluble
product when cured under the application of heat or by chemical means.
Thickness. See Nominal wall thickness.
Valve. See Curb valve and Service line valve.
Vault is an underground structure which may be entered, and which is designed to contain piping and piping
components (such as valves or pressure regulators).
Yield strength is the strength at which a material exhibits a specified limiting permanent set, or produces a
specified total elongation under load. The specified limiting set or elongation is usually expressed as a
percentage of gage length, and its values are specified in the various material specifications acceptable
under this Guide.

GLOSSARY OF COMMONLY USED ABBREVIATIONS

Abbreviation Meaning

ABS acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene
ASV automatic shut-off valve
BAP baseline assessment plan
CAB cellulose acetate butyrate
CDA confirmatory direct assessment
CGI combustible gas indicator
DA direct assessment
ECDA external corrosion direct assessment
EFV excess flow valve
EFVB excess flow valve – bypass (automatic reset)
EFVNB excess flow valve – non-bypass (manual reset)
ERW electric resistance welded
ESD emergency shutdown
FAQ frequently asked question
HCA high consequence area
HDB hydrostatic design basis
HFI hydrogen flame ionization
IC internal corrosion
ICDA internal corrosion direct assessment
ILI in-line inspection
IMP integrity management program
IR drop voltage drop
LEL lower explosive limit
LNG liquefied natural gas
LPG liquid petroleum gas
LTHS long-term hydrostatic strength
MAOP maximum allowable operating pressure
MRS minimum required strength
NPS nominal pipe size
OCS outer continental shelf
OQ operator qualification

Addendum No. 5, May 2006 19

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GLOSSARY OF COMMOMLY USED APPBREVIATIONS (Continued)

Abbreviation Meaning

PA polyamide
P&M measures preventive and mitigative measures
PDB pressure design basis

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PE polyethylene
PVC poly (vinyl chloride), also written as polyvinyl chloride
RCV remote control valve
SCADA supervisory control and data acquisition
SCC stress corrosion cracking
SCCDA stress corrosion cracking direct assessment
SDB strength design basis
SDR standard dimension ratio
SMYS specified minimum yield strength

§192.5
Class locations.
[Effective Date: 7-13-98]

(a) This section classifies pipeline locations for purposes of this part. The following criteria
apply to classifications under this section.
(1) A "class location unit" is an onshore area that extends 220 yards (200 meters) on either
side of the centerline of any continuous 1- mile (1.6 kilometers) length of pipeline.
(2) Each separate dwelling unit in a multiple dwelling unit building is counted as a separate
building intended for human occupancy.
(b) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, pipeline locations are classified as
follows:
(1) A Class 1 location is:
(i) An offshore area; or
(ii) Any class location unit that has 10 or fewer buildings intended for human
occupancy.
(2) A Class 2 location is any class location unit that has more than 10 but fewer than 46
buildings intended for human occupancy.
(3) A Class 3 location is:
(i) Any class location unit that has 46 or more buildings intended for human
occupancy; or
(ii) An area where the pipeline lies within 100 yards (91 meters) of either a building or a
small, well-defined outside area (such as a playground, recreation area, outdoor theater, or other
place of public assembly) that is occupied by 20 or more persons on at least 5 days a week for 10
weeks in any 12-month period. (The days and weeks need not be consecutive.)
(4) A Class 4 location is any class location unit where buildings with four or more stories
above ground are prevalent.
(c) The length of Class locations 2, 3, and 4 may be adjusted as follows:
(1) A Class 4 location ends 220 yards (200 meters) from the nearest building with four or
more stories above ground.
(2) When a cluster of buildings intended for human occupancy requires a Class 2 or 3
location, the class location ends 220 yards (200 meters) from the nearest building in the cluster.

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[Amdt. 192-27, 41 FR 34598, Aug. 16, 1976; Amdt. 192-56, 52 FR 32924, Sept. 1, 1987; Amdt. 192-78, 61
FR 28770, June 6, 1996 with Amdt. 192-78 Correction, 61 FR 30824, June 18, 1996 and Amdt. 192-78
Correction, 61 FR 35139, July 5, 1996; Amdt. 192-85, 63 FR 37500, July 13, 1998]

GUIDE MATERIAL

No guide material available at present.

§192.7

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\ What documents are incorporated by reference partly or wholly in this part?
\ [Effective Date: 4-14-06]

(a) Any documents or portions thereof incorporated by reference in this part are included in this
part as though set out in full. When only a portion of a document is referenced, the remainder is not
incorporated in this part.
(b) All incorporated materials are available for inspection in the Pipeline and Hazardous
Materials Safety Administration, 400 Seventh Street, SW., Washington, DC, or at the National
Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at
NARA, call 202–741–6030 or go to:
http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. These
materials have been approved for incorporation by reference by the Director of the Federal Register
in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. In addition, the incorporated materials are
available from the respective organizations listed in paragraph (c) (1) of this section.
(c) The full titles of documents incorporated by reference, in whole or in part, are provided
herein. The numbers in parentheses indicate applicable editions. For each incorporated document,
citations of all affected sections are provided. Earlier editions of currently listed documents or
editions of documents listed in previous editions of 49 CFR Part 192 may be used for materials and
components designed, manufactured, or installed in accordance with these earlier documents at the
time they were listed. The user must refer to the appropriate previous edition of 49 CFR Part 192 for a
listing of the earlier listed editions or documents.
(1) Incorporated by reference (ibr). List of Organizations and Addresses.
(i) American Gas Association (AGA), 400 North Capitol Street, NW, Washington, DC
20001.
(ii) American Petroleum Institute (API), 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.
(iii) American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West
Conshohocken, PA 19428.
(iv) ASME International (ASME), Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016–5990.
(v) Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.
(MSS), 127 Park Street, NE, Vienna, VA 22180.
(vi) National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 Batterymarch Park, P.O. Box 9101,
Quincy, MA 02269–9101.
(vii) Plastics Pipe Institute, Inc. (PPI), 1825 Connecticut Avenue, NW, Suite 680,
Washington, DC 20009.
(viii) NACE International (NACE), 1440 South Creek Drive, Houston, TX 77084.
(ix) Gas Technology Institute (GTI), 1700 South Mount Prospect Road, Des Plaines, IL
60018.

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(2) Documents incorporated by reference (Numbers in Parentheses Indicate Applicable Editions).

Source and name of referenced material 49 CFR reference

A. American Gas Association (AGA):
(1) AGA Pipeline Research Committee, Project PR–3–805, ‘‘A §§192.933(a); 192.485(c).
Modified Criterion for Evaluating the Remaining Strength of
Corroded Pipe’’ (AGA PR–3–805–1989).
B. American Petroleum Institute (API):
(1) API Specification 5L ‘‘Specification for Line Pipe’’ (API 5L, §§192.55(e); 192.113; Item I of
42nd edition, 2000) Appendix B to part 192.
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(2) API Recommended Practice 5L1 ‘‘Recommended Practice §192.65(a).

for Railroad Transportation of Line Pipe’’ (4th edition, 1990).
(3) API Specification 6D ‘‘Specification for Pipeline Valves §192.145(a).
(Gate, Plug, Ball, and Check Valves)’’ (21st edition, 1994).
(4) API Recommended Practice 80 (API RP 80) ‘‘Guidelines for §192.8
st
the Definition of Onshore Gas Gathering Lines’’ (1 edition,
April 2000)
(5) API 1104 ‘‘Welding of Pipelines and Related Facilities’’ §§192.227(a); 192.229(c)(1);
(19th edition, 1999, including its October 31, 2001 errata). 192.241(c); Item II, Appendix B to
part 192.
(6) API Recommended Practice 1162 ‘‘Public Awareness §192.616
Programs for Pipeline Operators, ’’ First Edition (December
2003)
C. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM):
(1) ASTM Designation: A 53/A53M–99b ‘‘Standard §§192.113; Item I, Appendix B to
Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc- part 192.
Coated, Welded and Seamless’’ (ASTM A53/A53M–99b).
(2) ASTM Designation: A106 ‘‘Standard Specification for §§192.113; Item I, Appendix B to
Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service’’ part 192.
(A106–99).
(3) ASTM Designation: A333/A333M ‘‘Standard Specification §§192.113; Item I, Appendix B to
for Seamless and Welded Steel Pipe for Low-Temperature part 192.
Service’’ (ASTM A333/A333M–99).
(4) ASTM Designation: A372/A372M ‘‘Standard Specification § 192.177(b)(1).
for Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Thin-Walled Pressure
Vessels’’ (ASTM A372/A372M–1999).
(5) ASTM Designation: A381 ‘‘Standard Specification for §§192.113; Item I, Appendix B to
Metal-Arc-Welded Steel Pipe for Use With High-Pressure part 192.
Transmission Systems’’ (ASTM A381–1996).
(6) ASTM Designation: A671 ‘‘Standard Specification for §§192.113; Item I, Appendix B to
Electric-Fusion-Welded Steel Pipe for Atmospheric and Lower part 192.
Temperatures’’ (ASTM A671–1996).
(7) ASTM Designation: A672 ‘‘Standard Specification for §§192.113; Item I, Appendix B to
Electric-Fusion-Welded Steel Pipe for High-Pressure Service at part 192.
Moderate Temperatures’’ (A672–1996).

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Source and name of referenced material 49 CFR (Continued) 49 CFR reference (Continued)
(8) ASTM Designation: A691 ‘‘Standard Specification for §§192.113; Item I, Appendix B to
Carbon and Alloy Steel Pipe, Electric-Fusion-Welded for High- part 192.
Pressure Service at High Temperatures’’ (ASTM A691–1998).

(9) ASTM Designation: D638 ‘‘Standard Test Method for §§192.283(a)(3); 192.283(b)(1).
Tensile Properties of Plastics’’ (ASTM D638–1999).
(10) ASTM Designation: D2513–87 ‘‘Standard Specification for §192.63(a)(1).
Thermoplastic Gas Pressure Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings’’
(ASTM D2513–1987).
(11) ASTM Designation: D2513 ‘‘Standard Specification for §§192.191(b); 192.281(b)(2);

--``,,,``,`````,``,``,,,`,,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Thermoplastic Gas Pressure Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings. 192.283(a)(1)(i); Item I, Appendix B
(D2513–1999). to part 192.
(12) ASTM Designation: D 2517 ‘‘Standard Specification for §§192.191(a); 192.281(d)(1);
Reinforced Epoxy Resin Gas Pressure Pipe and Fittings’’ 192.283(a)(1)(ii); Item I, Appendix
(D2517–2000). B to part 192.
(13) ASTM Designation: F1055 ‘‘Standard Specification for §192.283(a)(1)(iii).
Electrofusion Type Polyethylene Fittings for Outside Diameter
Controlled Polyethylene Pipe and Tubing’’ (F1055–1998).
D. ASME International (ASME)::
(1) ASME/ANSI B16.1 ‘‘Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged §192.147(c).
Fittings’’ (ASME B16.1–1998).
(2) ASME/ANSI B16.5 ‘‘Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings’’ §§192.147(a); 192.279.
(ASME B16.5–1996, including ASME B16.5a–1998 Addenda).
(3) ASME/ANSI B31G ‘‘Manual for Determining the Remaining §§192.485(c); 192.933(a).
Strength of Corroded Pipelines’’ (ASME/ANSI B31G–1991).
(4) ASME/ANSI B31.8 ‘‘Gas Transmission and Distribution §192.619(a)(1)(i).
Piping Systems’’ (ASME/ANSI B31.8–1995).
(5) ASME/ANSI B31.8S ‘‘Supplement to B31.8 on Managing §§192.903(c); 192.907(b); 192.911,
System Integrity of Gas Pipelines’’ (ASME/ANSI B31.8S–2002). Introductory text; 192.911(i);
192.911(k); 192.911(l); 192.911(m);
192.913(a) Introductory text;
192.913(b)(1); 192.917(a)
Introductory text; 192.917(b);
192.917(c); 192.917(e)(1);
192.917(e)(4); 192.921(a)(1);
192.923(b)(2); 192.923(b)(3);
192.925(b) Introductory text;
192.925(b)(1); 192.925(b)(2);
192.925(b)(3); 192.925(b)(4);
192.927(b); 192.927(c)(1)(i);
192.929(b)(1); 192.929(b)(2);
192.933(a); 192.933(d)(1);
192.933(d)(1)(i); 192.935(a);
192.935(b)(1)(iv); 192.937(c)(1);
192.939(a)(1)(i); 192.939(a)(1)(ii);
192.939(a)(3); 192.945(a).

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Source and name of referenced material (Continued) 49 CFR reference (Continued)

(6) ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section I, Rules §192.153(a).
for Construction of Power Boilers (ASME Section I–1998).
(7) ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, §§192.153(a); 192.153(b);
Division 1, ‘‘Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels’’ 192.153(d); 192.165(b)(3).
(ASME Section VIII Division 1–2001).
(8) ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, §§192.153(b); 192.165(b)(3).
Division 2, ‘‘Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels:
Alternative Rules’’ (ASME Section VIII Division 2–2001).
(9) ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX, §192.227(a); Item II, Appendix B to
‘‘Welding and Brazing Qualifications’’ (ASME Section IX–2001). part 192.
E. Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and
Fittings Industry, Inc. (MSS):
(1) MSS SP44–96 ‘‘Steel Pipe Line Flanges’’ (MSS SP–44– §192.147(a).
1996 including 1996 errata).
(2) [Reserved].
F. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA):
(1) NFPA 30 ‘‘Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code’’ §192.735(b).
(NFPA 30–1996).
(2) ANSI/NFPA 58 ‘‘Liquefied Petroleum Gas Code (LP–Gas §§192.11(a); 192.11(b); 192.11(c).
Code)’’ (NFPA 58–1998).
(3) ANSI/NFPA 59 ‘‘Standard for the Storage and Handling of §§192.11(a); 192.11(b); 192.11(c).
Liquefied Petroleum Gases at Utility Gas Plants’’ (NFPA 59–
--``,,,``,`````,``,``,,,`,,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

1998).
(4) ANSI/NFPA 70 ‘‘National Electrical Code’’ (NFPA 70–1996). §§192.163(e); 192.189(c)
G. Plastics Pipe Institute, Inc. (PPI):
(1) PPI TR–3/2000 ‘‘Policies and Procedures for Developing §192.121.
Hydrostatic Design Bases (HDB), Pressure Design Bases
(PDB), and Minimum Required Strength (MRS) Ratings for
Thermoplastic Piping Materials ‘‘(PPI TR–3–2000-Part E only,
‘‘Policy for Determining Long Term Strength (LTHS) by
Temperature Interpolation)’’.
H. NACE International (NACE):
(1) NACE Standard RP–0502–2002 ‘‘Pipeline External §§192.923(b)(1); 192.925(b)
Corrosion Direct Assessment Methodology’’ (NACE RP–0502– Introductory text; 192.925(b)(1);
2002). 192.925(b)(1)(ii); 192.925(b)(2)
Introductory text; 192.925(b)(3)
Introductory text; 192.925(b)(3)(ii);
192.925(b)(iv); 192.925(b)(4)
Introductory text; 192.925(b)(4)(ii);
192.931(d); 192.935(b)(1)(iv);
192.939(a)(2).
I. Gas Technology Institute (GTI). (Formerly Gas Research
Institute):
(1) GRI 02/0057 ‘‘Internal Corrosion Direct Assessment of Gas §§192.927(c)(2); 192.7.
Transmission Pipelines—Methodology’’ (GRI 02/0057–2002).

Addendum No. 5, May 2006 24

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 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND §192.7
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART A

[Amdt. 192-37, 46 FR 10157, Feb. 2, 1981; Amdt. 192-51, 51 FR 15333, Apr. 23, 1986; Amdt. 192-68, 58
FR 14519, Mar. 18, 1993; Amdt. 192-78, 61 FR 28770, June 6, 1996 with Amdt. 192-78 Correction, 61 FR
30824, June 18, 1996; Amdt. 192-94, 69 FR 32886, June 14, 2004 with Amdt. 192-94 Correction, 69 FR
54591, Sept. 9, 2004; RIN 2137-AD77, 70 FR 11135, Mar. 8, 2005; Amdt. 192-99, 70 FR 28833, May
19, 2005 with Amdt. 192-99 Correction, 70 FR 35041, June 16, 2005; Amdt. 192-102, 71 FR 13289,
Mar. 15, 2006]

GUIDE MATERIAL

Additional standards and specifications recommended for use under this Guide, and the names and
addresses of the sponsoring organizations, are shown in Guide Material Appendix G-192-1. See Guide
Material Appendix G-192-1A for documents previously incorporated by reference in the Regulations.

\ §192.8
\ How are onshore gathering lines and regulated onshore gathering
lines determined?
\ [Effective Date: 4-14-06]

(a) An operator must use API RP 80 (incorporated by reference, see §192.7), to determine if an
onshore pipeline (or part of a connected series of pipelines) is an onshore gathering line. The
determination is subject to the limitations listed below. After making this determination, an
operator must determine if the onshore gathering line is a regulated onshore gathering line under
paragraph (b) of this section.
(1) The beginning of gathering, under section 2.2(a)(1) of API RP 80, may not extend
beyond the furthermost downstream point in a production operation as defined in section 2.3 of
API RP 80. This furthermost downstream point does not include equipment that can be used in
either production or transportation, such as separators or dehydrators, unless that equipment is
involved in the processes of ‘‘production and preparation for transportation or delivery of

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hydrocarbon gas’’ within the meaning of ‘‘production operation.’’
(2) The endpoint of gathering, under section 2.2(a)(1)(A) of API RP 80, may not extend
beyond the first downstream natural gas processing plant, unless the operator can demonstrate,
using sound engineering principles, that gathering extends to a further downstream plant.
(3) If the endpoint of gathering, under section 2.2(a)(1)(C) of API RP 80, is determined by
the commingling of gas from separate production fields, the fields may not be more than 50 miles
from each other, unless the Administrator finds a longer separation distance is justified in a
particular case (see 49 CFR §190.9).
(4) The endpoint of gathering, under section 2.2(a)(1)(D) of API RP 80, may not extend
beyond the furthermost downstream compressor used to increase gathering line pressure for
delivery to another pipeline.
(b) For purposes of §192.9, ‘‘regulated onshore gathering line’’ means:
(1) Each onshore gathering line (or segment of onshore gathering line) with a feature
described in the second column that lies in an area described in the third column; and
(2) As applicable, additional lengths of line described in the fourth column to provide a
safety buffer:

Addendum No. 5, May 2006 25

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 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND §192.8
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART A

Type Feature Area Safety Buffer

A — Metallic and the MAOP Class 2, 3, or 4 location None.
produces a hoop stress of (see §192.5).
20 percent or more of
SMYS. If the stress level is
unknown, an operator
must determine the stress
level according to the
applicable provisions in
subpart C of this part.
— Non-metallic and the
MAOP is more than 125

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psig (862 kPa).
B — Metallic and the MAOP Area 1. Class 3 or 4 If the gathering line is in
produces a hoop stress of location. Area 2(b) or 2(c), the
less than 20 percent of Area 2. An area within a additional lengths of line
SMYS. If the stress level is Class 2 location the extend upstream and
unknown, an operator operator determines by downstream from the area
must determine the stress using any of the following to a point where the line is
level according to the three methods: at least 150 feet (45.7 m)
applicable provisions in from the nearest dwelling
subpart C of this part. (a) A Class 2 location. in the area. However, if a
— Non-metallic and the (b) An area extending 150 cluster of dwellings in area
MAOP is 125 psig (862 kPa) feet (45.7 m) on each side 2(b) or 2(c) qualifies a line
or less. of the centerline of any as Type B, the Type B
continuous 1 mile (1.6 km) classification ends 150 feet
of pipeline and including (45.7 m) from the nearest
more than 10 but fewer dwelling in the cluster.
than 46 dwellings.
(c) An area extending 150
feet (45.7 m) on each side
of the centerline of any
continuous 1000 feet (305
m) of pipeline and
including 5 or more
buildings.

[Issued by Amdt. 192-102, 71 FR 13289, Mar. 15, 2006]

GUIDE MATERIAL

No guide material available at present.

Addendum No. 5, May 2005 26

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 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND §192.9
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART A

§192.9
\ What requirements apply to gathering lines?
\ [Effective Date: 4-14-06]

(a) Requirements. An operator of a gathering line must follow the safety requirements of this
part as prescribed by this section.
(b) Offshore lines. An operator of an offshore gathering line must comply with requirements of
this part applicable to transmission lines, except the requirements in §192.150 and in subpart O of
this part.
(c) Type A lines. An operator of a Type A regulated onshore gathering line must comply with the
requirements of this part applicable to transmission lines, except the requirements in §192.150 and in
subpart O of this part. However, an operator of a Type A regulated onshore gathering line in a Class
2 location may demonstrate compliance with subpart N by describing the processes it uses to
determine the qualification of persons performing operations and maintenance tasks.
(d) Type B lines. An operator of a Type B regulated onshore gathering line must comply with the
following requirements:
(1) If a line is new, replaced, relocated, or otherwise changed, the design, installation,
construction, initial inspection, and initial testing must be in accordance with requirements of this
part applicable to transmission lines;
(2) If the pipeline is metallic, control corrosion according to requirements of subpart I of this
part applicable to transmission lines;
(3) Carry out a damage prevention program under §192.614;
(4) Establish a public education program under §192.616;
(5) Establish the MAOP of the line under §192.619; and
(6) Install and maintain line markers according to the requirements for transmission lines in
§192.707.
(e) Compliance deadlines. An operator of a regulated onshore gathering line must comply with
the following deadlines, as applicable.
(1) An operator of a new, replaced, relocated, or otherwise changed line must be in
compliance with the applicable requirements of this section by the date the line goes into service,
unless an exception in §192.13 applies.
(2) If a regulated onshore gathering line existing on April 14, 2006 was not previously
subject to this part, an operator has until the date stated in the second column to comply with the
applicable requirement for the line listed in the first column, unless the Administrator finds a later
deadline is justified in a particular case:

Requirement Compliance deadline

Control corrosion according to Subpart I April 15, 2009
requirements for transmission lines.
Carry out a damage prevention program under October 15, 2007
§192.614.
Establish MAOP under §192.619. October 15, 2007
Install and maintain line markers under §192.707. April 15, 2008
Establish a public education program under April 15, 2008
§192.616
Other provisions of this part as required by April 15, 2009
paragraph (c) of this section for Type A lines.

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DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART A

(3) If, after April 14, 2006, a change in class location or increase in dwelling density causes
an onshore gathering line to be a regulated onshore gathering line, the operator has 1 year for Type
B lines and 2 years for Type A lines after the line becomes a regulated onshore gathering line to
comply with this section.

[Amdt. 192-72, 59 FR 17275, Apr. 12, 1994 with Amdt. 192-72 Ext., 59 FR 49896, Sept. 30, 1994, Amdt.
192-72 Ext. Correction, 59 FR 52863, Oct. 19, 1994 and Amdt. 192-72 Ext., 60 FR 7133, Feb. 7, 1995;
Amdt. 192-95, Correction & Petition for Reconsideration, 69 FR 18228, Apr. 6, 2004; Amdt. 192-102, 71
FR 13289, Mar. 15, 2006]

GUIDE MATERIAL

This guide material is under review following Amendment 192-102.

1 GENERAL

See §192.1 for gathering lines excluded from the provisions of Part 192.

2 OPS INTERPRETATIONS

OPS maintains a historical legal position with respect to gathering line definition. OPS uses a four-point
standard that is applied on a case-by-case basis. Each point is applied in the order listed below to
determine the termination of a gathering line and the beginning of either transmission or distribution line
classification.
(a) The outlet of a processing plant that extracts heavy ends from the natural gas;
(b) The outlet of a pipeline compressor (not including a wellhead compressor);
(c) The point where two or more well pipelines converge; or
(d) The point where there is a change in ownership of the pipeline.

3 REFERENCE

--``,,,``,`````,``,``,,,`,,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Operators should consider the previous application of the four-point standard and its description in the
OPS Advisory Bulletin ADB-02-06 (67 FR 64447, Oct. 18, 2002; accessible via the Federal Register
(FR) at www.gpoaccess.gov/fr/advanced.html), and research the related historical public records.

§192.10
Outer continental shelf pipelines.
[Effective Date: 3-8-05]

Operators of transportation pipelines on the Outer Continental Shelf (as defined in the
Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act (43 U.S.C. 1331) must identify on all their respective pipelines
the specific points at which operating responsibility transfers to a producing operator. For those
instances in which the transfer points are not identifiable by a durable marking, each operator will
have until September 15, 1998 to identify the transfer points. If it is not practicable to durably mark
a transfer point and the transfer point is located above water, the operator must depict the transfer
point on a schematic located near the transfer point. If a transfer point is located subsea, then the
operator must identify the transfer point on a schematic which must be maintained at the nearest
upstream facility and provided to PHMSA upon request. For those cases in which adjoining
operators have not agreed on a transfer point by September 15, 1998 the Regional Director and the
MMS Regional Supervisor will make a joint determination of the transfer point.

Addendum No. 5, May 2006 28

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DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART A

[Issued by Amdt. 192-81, 62 FR 61692, Nov. 19, 1997 with Amdt. 192-81 Confirmation, 63 FR 12659,
Mar. 16, 1998; RIN 2137-AD77, 70 FR 11135, Mar. 8, 2005]

GUIDE MATERIAL

No guide material available at present.

§192.11
Petroleum gas systems.
[Effective Date: 7-8-96]

(a) Each plant that supplies petroleum gas by pipeline to a natural gas distribution system must
meet the requirements of this part and ANSI/NFPA 58 and 59.
(b) Each pipeline system subject to this part that transports only petroleum gas or petroleum
gas/air mixtures must meet the requirements of this part and of ANSI/NFPA 58 and 59.
(c) In the event of a conflict between this part and ANSI/NFPA 58 and 59, ANSI/NFPA 58 and 59
prevail.

[Amdt. 192-68, 58 FR 14519, Mar. 18, 1993; Amdt. 192-75, 61 FR 18512, Apr. 26, 1996 with Amdt. 192-
75 Correction, 61 FR 38403, July 24, 1996; Amdt. 192-78, 61 FR 28770, June 6, 1996 with Amdt. 192-78
Correction, 61 FR 30824, June 18, 1996]

GUIDE MATERIAL

1 GENERAL

1.1 Introduction.
Personnel involved in the design, construction, operation, and maintenance of petroleum gas systems
should be thoroughly familiar with the applicable provisions of the Federal Regulations and referenced
NFPA Standards.

Addendum No. 5, May 2006 28(a) --``,,,``,`````,``,``,,,`,,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

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 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND §192.11
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART A

Figure 192.11A depicts the standards applicable to petroleum gas plants that supplement natural gas
systems, as described in §192.11(a).
PETROLEUM GAS NATURAL GAS DISTRIBUTION CUSTOMER FUEL PIPING
STORAGE/VAPORIZATION PIPING SYSTEM
FACILITIES
(USED TO SUPPLEMENT NATURAL
GAS DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM)

STORAGE VESSEL Distribution

Main
Distribution
Service Line
VAPORIZER
Point of Petroleum
Gas/Air Injection
--``,,,``,`````,``,``,,,`,,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

Customer
Meter

Outlet of meter or connection to customer’s

piping, whichever is farther downstream
Outlet of District Regulator
regulation Station

(RE: TITLE 49 CFR PART 192, (RE: TITLE 49 CFR PART 192) (RE: NFPA 54, (ANSI Z223.1))
NFPA 58 AND 59)

FIG. 192.11A

Figure 192.11B depicts the standards applicable to pipeline systems for petroleum gas or petroleum
gas/air mixtures, as described in §192.11(b).
PETROLEUM GAS PETROLEUM GAS DISTRIBUTION CUSTOMER FUEL PIPING
STORAGE/VAPORIZATION PIPING SYSTEM
FACILITIES
(In some cases, this may not exist,
except for the customer meter)

STORAGE VESSEL

Customer
Meter
VAPORIZER

Outlet of meter or connection to customer’s

piping, whichever is farther downstream
Outlet of 1st Overpressure
cut regulation Protection

(RE: TITLE 49 CFR PART 192, (RE: TITLE 49 CFR PART 192, (RE: NFPA 54, (ANSI Z223.1))
NFPA 58 AND 59) NFPA 58 AND 59)

FIG. 192.11B

Addendum No. 5, May 2006 28(b)

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1.2 Application of referenced codes.

(a) General. The referenced NFPA Standards are applicable unless otherwise superseded, in whole or
in part, by local governmental agency codes, rules, or regulations having jurisdiction.
(b) Plant and storage facilities. These facilities include storage tanks and all piping and equipment to
the outlet of the first pressure regulator. Utility plant facilities having a total water storage capacity
greater than 4,000 gallons are covered by NFPA 59. All other plant and storage installations should
comply with NFPA 58.
(c) Distribution piping. This includes the pipeline from the outlet of the first pressure regulator to:
(1) The outlet of the customer meter or the connection to the customer's piping, whichever is farther
downstream; or
(2) The connection to the customer's piping if there is no customer meter.
(d) Customer piping. This includes all piping and facilities downstream of the distribution piping. These
facilities are not included in the scope of 49 CFR 192. NFPA 54/ANSI Z223.1 (National Fuel Gas
Code) referenced in Figures 192.11A and 192.11B is applicable unless otherwise superseded by
the laws, regulations, or building codes of a local jurisdictional authority.

1.3 Conflict between referenced codes.

If the referenced NFPA Standards are silent or non-specific on a subject for which requirements exist in
Part 192, then a conflict does not exist and operators should comply with Part 192 requirements.

2 PERSONNEL SAFETY

Operators should ensure that persons working with petroleum gases understand the properties of these
gases, and that they are qualified in safe practices for handling, distribution, operation, and maintenance
involving petroleum gases.

3 USE OF PLASTIC PIPE

See guide material under §§192.121 and 192.123.

4 LEAKAGE CONTROL GUIDELINES

See Guide Material Appendix G-192-11A.

§192.12
(Removed.)
[Effective Date: 3-15-80]

§192.13
\ What general requirements apply to pipelines regulated under this part?
\ [Effective Date: 4-14-06]

(a) No person may operate a segment of pipeline listed in the first column that is readied for
service after the date in the second column, unless:
(1) The pipeline has been designed, installed, constructed, initially inspected, and initially
tested in accordance with this part; or
(2) The pipeline qualifies for use under this part according to the requirements in §192.14.

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Addendum No. 5, May 2006 28(c)

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 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND §192.13
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART A

Pipeline Date
Offshore gathering line. July 31, 1977.
Regulated onshore gathering line to which this March 15, 2007.
part did not apply until April 14, 2006.
All other pipelines. March 12, 1971.

(b) No person may operate a segment of pipeline listed in the first column that is replaced,
relocated, or otherwise changed after the date in the second column, unless the replacement,
relocation or change has been made according to the requirements in this part.

Pipeline Date
Offshore gathering line. July 31, 1977.
Regulated onshore gathering line to which this March 15, 2007.
part did not apply until April 14, 2006.

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All other pipelines. November 12, 1970.

(c) Each operator shall maintain, modify as appropriate, and follow the plans, procedures, and
programs that it is required to establish under this part.

[Amdt. 192-27, 41 FR 34598, Aug. 16, 1976; Amdt. 192-30, 42 FR 60146, Nov. 25, 1977; Amdt. 192-102,
71 FR 13289, Mar. 15, 2006]

GUIDE MATERIAL

This guide material is under review following Amendment 192-102.

See Guide Material Appendix G-192-17.

§192.14
Conversion to service subject to this part.
[Effective Date: 12-30-77]

(a) A steel pipeline previously used in service not subject to this part qualifies for use under this part
if the operator prepares and follows a written procedure to carry out the following requirements:
(1) The design, construction, operation, and maintenance history of the pipeline must be
reviewed and, where sufficient historical records are not available, appropriate tests must be performed
to determine if the pipeline is in a satisfactory condition for safe operation.
(2) The pipeline right-of-way, all aboveground segments of the pipeline, and appropriately
selected underground segments must be visually inspected for physical defects and operating
conditions which reasonably could be expected to impair the strength or tightness of the pipeline.
(3) All known unsafe defects and conditions must be corrected in accordance with this part.
(4) The pipeline must be tested in accordance with Subpart J of this part to substantiate the
maximum allowable operating pressure permitted by Subpart L of this part.
(b) Each operator must keep for the life of the pipeline a record of the investigations, tests, repairs,
replacements, and alterations made under the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section.

Addendum No. 5, May 2006 28(d)

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DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART A

[Issued by Amdt. 192-30, 42 FR 60146, Nov. 25, 1977]

GUIDE MATERIAL

1 TYPES

The following are some of the types of steel pipelines that might be converted to gas service under this part.
(a) Gas pipelines abandoned prior to effective date of Part 192.
(b) Liquid petroleum pipelines, such as oil or gasoline.
(c) LPG pipeline systems.
(d) Nonjurisdictional pipelines.
(e) Pipelines carrying chemical or industrial products such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, air or liquid
chemicals.
(f) Slurry pipelines.

2 TESTS AND INSPECTION

The following are examples of appropriate tests and inspections that may be used to evaluate pipelines
where sufficient historical records are not available. See §192.14(a)(1).
(a) Corrosion surveys.
(b) Ultrasonic inspections.
(c) Acoustic emissions.
(d) Tensile tests. See Appendix B.
(e) Internal inspections.
(f) Radiographic inspections.
(g) Pressure tests. See §192.619(a)(1).

3 VISUAL INSPECTION OF UNDERGROUND SEGMENTS

Generally, the segments to be inspected should be at locations where the worst, probable conditions may be
expected. The following criteria should be used for the selection of inspection sites.
(a) Corrosion surveys (inadequately protected segments, poor coating, stray currents, and interference).
(b) Pipeline component locations.
(c) Locations subject to mechanical damage.
(d) Foreign pipeline crossings.
(e) Locations subject to damage due to chemicals such as acid.
(f) Segments subject to coating deterioration due to soil stresses and internal or external temperature
extremes.
(g) Population density.

§192.15
Rules of regulatory construction.
[Effective Date: 11-12-70]

(a) As used in this part:

Includes means including but not limited to.
May means "is permitted to" or "is authorized to".
May not means "is not permitted to" or "is not authorized to".
Shall is used in the mandatory and imperative sense.

Addendum No. 5, May 2006 28(e)

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(b) In this part:

(1) Words importing the singular include the plural;
(2) Words importing the plural include the singular; and
(3) Words importing the masculine gender include the feminine.

GUIDE MATERIAL

No guide material necessary.

§192.16
Customer notification.
[Effective Date: 5-4-98]

(a) This section applies to each operator of a service line who does not maintain the customer's
buried piping up to entry of the first building downstream, or, if the customer's buried piping does
not enter a building, up to the principal gas utilization equipment or the first fence (or wall) that
surrounds that equipment. For the purpose of this section, “customer’s buried piping” does not
include branch lines that serve yard lanterns, pool heaters, or other types of secondary equipment.
Also, "maintain" means monitor for corrosion according to §192.465 if the customer's buried piping
is metallic, survey for leaks according to §192.723, and if an unsafe condition is found, shut off the
flow of gas, advise the customer of the need to repair the unsafe condition, or repair the unsafe
condition.
(b) Each operator shall notify each customer once in writing of the following information:
(1) The operator does not maintain the customer's buried piping.
(2) If the customer's buried piping is not maintained, it may be subject to the potential
hazards of corrosion and leakage.
(3) Buried gas piping should be-
(i) Periodically inspected for leaks;
(ii) Periodically inspected for corrosion if the piping is metallic; and
(iii) Repaired if any unsafe condition is discovered.
(4) When excavating near buried gas piping, the piping should be located in advance, and
the excavation done by hand.
(5) The operator (if applicable), plumbing contractors, and heating contractors can assist in
locating, inspecting, and repairing the customer's buried piping.
(c) Each operator shall notify each customer not later than August 14, 1996, or 90 days after the
customer first receives gas at a particular location, whichever is later. However, operators of master
meter systems may continuously post a general notice in a prominent location frequented by
customers.
(d) Each operator must make the following records available for inspection by the Administrator
or a state agency participating under 49 U.S.C. 60105 or 60106:
(1) A copy of the notice currently in use; and
(2) Evidence that notices have been sent to customers within the previous 3 years.

[Issued by Amdt. 192-74, 60 FR 41821, Aug. 14, 1995 with Amdt. 192-74 Correction, 60 FR 43028,
Aug.18, 1995 and Amdt. 192-74A, 60 FR 63450, Dec. 11, 1995; Amdt. 192-84, 63 FR 7721, Feb. 17, 1998
with Amdt. 192-84 Confirmation, 63 FR 38757, July 20, 1998 and Amdt. 192-84 Correction, 63 FR
38758, July 20, 1998]

Addendum No. 5, May 2006 28(f) --``,,,``,`````,``,``,,,`,,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

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 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND §192.16
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART A

GUIDE MATERIAL

No guide material necessary.

§192.17
(Removed.)
[Effective Date: 7-20-81]

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Addendum No. 5, May 2006 28(g)

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 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND
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Reserved

28(h)
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 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND §192.309
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART G

(i) More than 1/4 inch (6.4 millimeters) in pipe 12-3/4 inches (324 millimeters) or less in
outer diameter; or
(ii) More than 2 percent of the nominal pipe diameter in pipe over 12-3/4 inches (324
millimeters) in outer diameter.
For the purpose of this section a "dent" is a depression that produces a gross disturbance in the
curvature of the pipe wall without reducing the pipe-wall thickness. The depth of a dent is measured
as the gap between the lowest point of the dent and a prolongation of the original contour of the
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pipe.
(c) Each arc burn on steel pipe to be operated at a pressure that produces a hoop stress of 40
percent, or more, of SMYS must be repaired or removed. If a repair is made by grinding, the arc burn
must be completely removed and the remaining wall thickness must be at least equal to either:
(1) The minimum wall thickness required by the tolerances in the specification to which the
pipe was manufactured; or
(2) The nominal wall thickness required for the design pressure of the pipeline.
(d) A gouge, groove, arc burn, or dent may not be repaired by insert patching or by pounding
out.
(e) Each gouge, groove, arc burn, or dent that is removed from a length of pipe must be
removed by cutting out the damaged portion as a cylinder.

[Amdt. 192-3, 35 FR 17659, Nov. 17, 1970; Amdt. 192-85, 63 FR 37500, July 13, 1998; Amdt. 192-88, 64
FR 69660, Dec. 14, 1999]

GUIDE MATERIAL

This guide material is under review following Amendment 192-88.

ARC BURNS (§192.309(c))

When the visible evidence of the arc burn has been removed by grinding, swab the ground area with 20
percent solution of ammonium persulfate. A blackened spot indicates that additional grinding is necessary.
The complete removal of the metallurgical notch created by the arc burn has been accomplished when the
swabbing does not result in a blackened spot.

§192.311
Repair of plastic pipe.
\ [Effective Date: 10-15-03]

Each imperfection or damage that would impair the serviceability of plastic pipe must be
repaired or removed.

[Amdt. 192-93, 68 FR 53895, Sept. 15, 2003]

111
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DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART G

GUIDE MATERIAL

This guide material is under review following Amendment 192-93.

1 GENERAL

1.1 Personnel qualification.

Repairs should be made by personnel who have demonstrated the ability to make satisfactory repairs in
accordance with the personnel qualification provision of the guide material under §192.285.

1.2 Procedure qualification.

Repairs should be made in accordance with procedures that have been established and qualified in
accordance with the procedure qualification provisions of the guide material under §192.283.

1.3 Manufacturer's recommendations.

The recommendations of the plastic pipe manufacturer should be taken into consideration when
determining the type of repair to be made. Special consideration should be given to the extent of fiber
damage in the case of thermosetting plastic pipe.

1.4 Installation practices.

For general precautions, backfilling, and squeeze-off (including reopening), see guide material under
§192.321.

2 SLEEVES AND PATCHES

2.1 Material.
(a) The wall thickness of the patch or sleeve should be at least equal to that of the pipe.
(b) If the repair is made by heat fusion, the patch or sleeve should preferably be the same type and
grade.
(c) If the repair is made by solvent cement, the patch or sleeve should be essentially the same type and
grade.

2.2 Special considerations.

(a) If a patch or full encirclement sleeve is used, it should extend far enough beyond the damaged area
to ensure structural integrity.
(b) If a full encirclement split sleeve is used, the longitudinal join line should be as far as possible from
the defects, but should in no case be closer than one-half inch.

§192.313
Bends and elbows.
[Effective Date: 7-13-98]

(a) Each field bend in steel pipe, other than a wrinkle bend made in accordance with §192.315,
must comply with the following:
(1) A bend must not impair the serviceability of the pipe.
(2) Each bend must have a smooth contour and be free from buckling, cracks, or any other
mechanical damage.
(3) On pipe containing a longitudinal weld, the longitudinal weld must be as near as
practicable to the neutral axis of the bend unless --
(i) The bend is made with an internal bending mandrel; or
(ii) The pipe is 12 inches (305 millimeters) or less in outside diameter or has a diameter
to wall thickness ratio less than 70.
(b) Each circumferential weld of steel pipe which is located where the stress during bending
causes a permanent deformation in the pipe must be nondestructively tested either before or after
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DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART G

the bending process.

(c) Wrought-steel welding elbows and transverse segments of these elbows may not be used
for changes in direction on steel pipe that is 2 inches (51 millimeters) or more in diameter unless the
arc length, as measured along the crotch, is at least 1 inch (25 millimeters).

[Amdt. 192-26, 41 FR 26016, June 24, 1976; Amdt. 192-29, 42 FR 42865, Aug. 25, 1977 with Amdt. 192-
29 Correction, 42 FR 60148, Nov. 25, 1977; Amdt. 192-49, 50 FR 13224, Apr. 3, 1985; Amdt. 192-85, 63
FR 37500, July 13, 1998]

GUIDE MATERIAL

(a) Hot bends made on cold-worked or heat-treated pipe should be designed in accordance with
§192.105(b).

(b) Cold field bends of high-strength line pipe are prone to forming cosmetic ripples. These ripples can
appear more pronounced when viewed on thin-film coated (high gloss) pipe. Although not perfectly
smooth, these ripples generally do not impair the serviceability of the pipe. However, the operator should
ensure that the bending procedures used will not produce ripples that will impair the serviceability of the
pipe. A reference for evaluating whether ripples produced in the bending process have impaired the
serviceability is PRCI L51740, "Evaluation of the Structural Integrity of Cold Field-Bent Pipe."

§192.315
Wrinkle bends in steel pipe.
[Effective Date: 7-13-98]

(a) A wrinkle bend may not be made on steel pipe to be operated at a pressure that produces a
hoop stress of 30 percent, or more, of SMYS.
(b) Each wrinkle bend on steel pipe must comply with the following:
(1) The bend must not have any sharp kinks.
(2) When measured along the crotch of the bend, the wrinkles must be a distance of at least
one pipe diameter.
(3) On pipe 16 inches (406 millimeters) or larger in diameter, the bend may not have a
deflection of more than 1½ degrees for each wrinkle.
(4) On pipe containing a longitudinal weld the longitudinal seam must be as near as
practicable to the neutral axis of the bend.

GUIDE MATERIAL

No guide material necessary.

§192.317
Protection from hazards.
[Effective Date: 7-8-96]

(a) The operator must take all practicable steps to protect each transmission line or main from
washouts, floods, unstable soil, landslides, or other hazards that may cause the pipeline to move or

Addendum No. 5, May 2006

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113
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 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND §192.317
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART G

to sustain abnormal loads. In addition, the operator must take all practicable steps to protect
offshore pipelines from damage by mud slides, water currents, hurricanes, ship anchors, and fishing
operations.
(b) Each aboveground transmission line or main, not located offshore or in inland navigable
water areas, must be protected from accidental damage by vehicular traffic or other similar causes,
either by being placed at a safe distance from the traffic or by installing barricades.
(c) Pipelines, including pipe risers, on each platform located offshore or in inland navigable
waters must be protected from accidental damage by vessels.

[Amdt. 192-27, 41 FR 34598, Aug. 16, 1976; Amdt. 192-78, 61 FR 28770, June 6, 1996 with Amdt. 192-78
Correction, 61 FR 30824, June 18, 1996]

GUIDE MATERIAL

1 NATURAL HAZARDS (§192.317(a))

(a) Reasonable precautions (such as increasing the wall thickness, constructing revetments, preventing
erosion, installing anchors, and providing flexibility) should be taken to protect the transmission line
or main.
(b) Where transmission lines or mains cross areas that are normally under water or subject to flooding

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(such as lakes, bays, swamps, and river crossings), sufficient weight or anchorage should be
applied to the line to prevent flotation. This may include areas behind protected levees and areas
seaward of floodgates.
(c) For underwater crossings that may be subject to washout due to the natural hazards of bed
changes, high water velocities, deepening of the channel, or changing of the channel location in the
bed, attention should be given to designing protection for the transmission line or main. The
crossing should be located in the more stable bank and bed locations. The depth of the line, location
of the bends installed in the banks, and the wall thickness of the pipe should be selected based on
the characteristics of the crossing. Locations where these design considerations apply include, but
are not limited to, five areas identified by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) as
containing significant pipeline systems that are threatened by flooding (San Jacinto/Houston Ship
Channel; Southern Louisiana Area; Ventura County, CA; Cushing, OK; San Francisco Bay Area).
(d) Where transmission lines or mains cross areas that are not normally under water, but are subject to
periodic run-off, the depth should be sufficient to protect the pipeline from expected scour
(washout), such as that expected from a 100-year flood. Concrete coating, protective mats, or other
means can be used to protect the pipeline from damage that may result from scouring action.
(e) Access to isolation valves should be designed considering water elevations during a 100-year flood
event. This can be accomplished by placing the valves above the 100-year flood elevation, behind
levees, or by using valve extensions and access platforms.

2 PLATFORM PIPING AND RISERS (§192.317(c))

(a) Whenever feasible, platform piping below the lowest deck level should be located inboard of the
vertical plane established by the intersection of the outermost structural members of the platform
and the high water level.
(b) Whenever feasible, pipe risers should be located along faces of a platform other than those where
boat landings are provided. Additional protection may be afforded by the installation of boat bumpers
or encasement. When risers are installed on facings of a platform where boat landings are located,
they should be located inboard of the boat landing or otherwise protected by bumpers or framework
comparable in mechanical strength to the boat landing. When pipe risers 6 inches and smaller in
size are installed, consideration should be given to furnishing additional protection in the proximity of
the water line by installation of a structural member of greater mechanical strength.

Addendum No. 5, May 2006 114

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 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND §192.451
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART I

SUBPART I
REQUIREMENTS FOR CORROSION CONTROL

§192.451
Scope.
[Effective Date: 9-5-78]

This subpart prescribes minimum requirements for the protection of metallic pipelines from
external, internal, and atmospheric corrosion.

[Issued by Amdt. 192-4, 36 FR 12297, June 30, 1971; Amdt. 192-27, 41 FR 34598, Aug. 16, 1976; Amdt.
192-33, 43 FR 39389, Sept. 5, 1978]

GUIDE MATERIAL

No guide material necessary.

§192.452
\ How does this subpart apply to converted pipelines and
regulated onshore gathering lines?
\ [Effective Date: 4-14-06]

(a) Converted pipelines. Notwithstanding the date the pipeline was installed or any earlier
deadlines for compliance, each pipeline which qualifies for use under this part in accordance with
§192.14 must meet the requirements of the subpart specifically applicable to pipelines installed
before August 1, 1971, and all other applicable requirements within 1 year after the pipeline is readied
for service. However, the requirements of this subpart specifically applicable to pipelines installed
after July 31, 1971, apply if the pipeline substantially meets those requirements before it is readied

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for service or it is a segment that is replaced, relocated or substantially altered.
(b) Regulated onshore gathering lines. For any regulated onshore gathering line under §192.9
existing on April 14, 2006, that was not previously subject to this part, and for any onshore gathering
line that becomes a regulated onshore gathering line under §192.9 after April 14, 2006, because of a
change in class location or increase in dwelling density:
(1) The requirements of this subpart specifically applicable to pipelines installed before
August 1, 1971, apply to the gathering line regardless of the date the pipeline was actually installed;
and
(2) The requirements of this subpart specifically applicable to pipelines installed after July
31, 1971, apply only if the pipeline substantially meets those requirements.

[Issued by Amdt. 192-30, 42 FR 60146, Nov. 25, 1977; Amdt. 192-102, 71 FR 13289, Mar. 15,2006]

GUIDE MATERIAL

This guide material is under review following Amendment 192-102.

The operator should review the corrosion control records or perform field tests and surveys for the pipeline to
be converted to ensure that cathodic protection can be applied to the pipeline to meet the requirements of

Addendum No. 5, May 2006

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DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART I

Subpart I within 12 months of the conversion. The tests and surveys may include electrical surveys, pipe
examination, coating examination and soil tests. A record of the review or tests and surveys should be
maintained.

§192.453
General.
[Effective Date: 2-11-95]

The corrosion control procedures required by §192.605(b)(2), including those for the design,
installation, operation and maintenance of cathodic protection systems, must be carried out by, or
under the direction of, a person qualified in pipeline corrosion control methods.

[Issued by Amdt. 192-4, 36 FR 12297, June 30, 1971; Amdt. 192-71, 59 FR 6579, Feb. 11, 1994]

GUIDE MATERIAL

A reference for the design and installation of cathodic protection systems is NACE RP0169, Sections 7 and
8.

§192.455
External corrosion control: Buried or submerged pipelines
installed after July 31, 1971.
[Effective Date: 7-13-98]

(a) Except as provided in paragraphs (b), (c), and (f) of this section, each buried or submerged
pipeline installed after July 31, 1971, must be protected against external corrosion, including the
following:
(1) It must have an external protective coating meeting the requirements of §192.461.
(2) It must have a cathodic protection system designed to protect the pipeline in accordance
with this subpart, installed and placed in operation within 1 year after completion of construction.
(b) An operator need not comply with paragraph (a) of this section, if the operator can
demonstrate by tests, investigation, or experience in the area of application, including, as a
minimum, soil resistivity measurements and tests for corrosion accelerating bacteria, that a
corrosive environment does not exist. However, within six months after an installation made
pursuant to the preceding sentence, the operator shall conduct tests, including pipe-to-soil potential
measurements with respect to either a continuous reference electrode or an electrode using close
spacing, not to exceed 20 feet (6 meters), and soil resistivity measurements at potential profile peak
locations, to adequately evaluate the potential profile along the entire pipeline. If the tests made
indicate that a corrosive condition exists, the pipeline must be cathodically protected in accordance
with subparagraph (a) (2) of this section.
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(c) An operator need not comply with paragraph (a) of this section, if the operator can
demonstrate by tests, investigation, or experience that --
(1) For a copper pipeline, a corrosive environment does not exist; or
(2) For a temporary pipeline with an operating period of service not to exceed five years
beyond installation, corrosion during the five-year period of service of the pipeline will not be
detrimental to public safety.
(d) Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (b) or (c) of this section, if a pipeline is
externally coated, it must be cathodically protected in accordance with subparagraph (a) (2) of this
section.
(e) Aluminum may not be installed in a buried or submerged pipeline if that aluminum is

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DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART I

exposed to an environment with a natural pH in excess of 8.0, unless tests or experience indicate its
suitability in the particular environment involved.
(f) This section does not apply to electrically isolated, metal alloy fittings in plastic pipelines, if:
(1) For the size fitting to be used, an operator can show by test, investigation, or experience
in the area of application that adequate corrosion control is provided by the alloy composition; and
(2) The fitting is designed to prevent leakage caused by localized corrosion pitting.

[Issued by Amdt. 192-4, 36 FR 12297, June 30, 1971; Amdt. 192-28, 42 FR 35653, July 11, 1977; Amdt.
192-39, 47 FR 9842, Mar. 8, 1982; Amdt. 192-78, 61 FR 28770, June 6, 1996 with Amdt. 192-78
Correction, 61 FR 30824, June 18, 1996; Amdt. 192-85, 63 FR 37500, July 13, 1998]

GUIDE MATERIAL

1 REFERENCES

(a) For §192.455(a), see NACE RP0169, Sections 7, 8, and 9.

(b) For §192.455(b), see NACE RP0169, Section 3.

2 ISOLATED STEEL COMPONENTS IN PLASTIC PIPING SYSTEMS

Where an operator is unable to demonstrate by tests, investigation, or experience that cathodic

protection is not required, one of the following methods may be used to protect isolated steel
components in plastic piping systems.
(a) A galvanic anode directly connected to the steel component. Although the anode lead may be used
as a test station for monitoring cathodic protection under §192.465, a separate test lead may be
installed so that damage to the test lead will not interfere with cathodic protection.
(b) Each steel component may be connected to a tracer wire that is also connected to one or more
galvanic anodes. To facilitate monitoring, the tracer wire may be terminated at one or more service
risers. The operator should consider the impact that a tracer wire network might have on the
anode's effectiveness to cathodically protect the steel component. Considerations may include:
(1) Installation of the proper size anode.
(2) The potential for damage to the tracer wire between the anode and the steel component.
The operator is cautioned that a break in the tracer wire could affect the protection and monitoring of
the connected components. See 2 of the guide material under §192.321 for further information
regarding tracer wires.

3 STRAY ELECTRICAL INTERFERENCE CURRENTS

Piping exposed to stray electrical interference currents may require protection and mitigation prior to the
end of the one-year maximum time period stated in the Regulations. See guide material under
§192.473.

§192.457
External corrosion control: Buried or submerged pipelines
installed before August 1, 1971.
[Effective Date: 10-15-03]

(a) Except for buried piping at compressor, regulator, and measuring stations, each buried or
submerged transmission line installed before August 1, 1971, that has an effective external coating
must be cathodically protected along the entire area that is effectively coated, in accordance with
this subpart. For the purposes of this subpart, a pipeline does not have an effective external coating
if its cathodic protection current requirements are substantially the same as if it were bare. The
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operator shall make tests to determine the cathodic protection current requirements.
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 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND §192.457
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART I
(b) Except for cast iron or ductile iron, each of the following buried or submerged pipelines
installed before August 1, 1971, must be cathodically protected in accordance with this subpart in
areas in which active corrosion is found:
(1) Bare or ineffectively coated transmission lines.
(2) Bare or coated pipe at compressor, regulator, and measuring stations.
(3) Bare or coated distribution lines.

[Issued by Amdt. 192-4, 36 FR 12297, June 30, 1971; Amdt. 192-33, 43 FR 39389, Sept. 5, 1978; Amdt.
92-93, 68 FR 53895, Sept. 15, 2003]

GUIDE MATERIAL

This guide material is under review following Amendment 192-93.

1 LOCATING CORROSION AREAS

The most effective, practical and reliable methods to evaluate or determine areas of corrosion on gas
facilities will vary with the type and location of facilities. Historically, electrical-type surveys have been
practical and effective on transmission pipelines and other pipelines in rural areas. In-line instrument
surveys may also be useful where the pipeline will accommodate this equipment. Distribution pipelines
and other pipelines in urban areas present great difficulty in the use of in-line instruments and in the
practical application and the interpretation of electrical type surveys. The use of such surveys will
generally be precluded in urban areas by the considerations in 5.2 below.

Where electrical surveys are considered impractical or ineffectual, leak surveys and a review of leak
survey results, corrosion leak repair history and records of exposed pipe examinations are the most
effective means of determining corrosion areas. Leak surveys and records review may be the most
appropriate method to determine corrosion on distribution gas facilities and other gas facilities in urban
areas.

On-stream corrosion detectors, pressure tests, ultrasonic, acoustical or other methods may be
applicable in special cases.

2 DETERMINING ACTIVE CORROSION

2.1 Considerations.
The determination that active corrosion exists depends on an assessment as to whether conditions in
known or suspected corrosion areas are such that continuing corrosion could result in a detriment to
public safety. Competent personnel should make the determination as to whether a suspected or known
corrosion condition should be considered active corrosion. The following factors should be considered in
assessing the effect on public safety.
(a) Leak frequency.
(b) Pressure.
(c) Location of piping.
(d) Location of dwellings and other structures.
(e) Gas venting and migration characteristics of the area.

2.2 Determination.
Continuing corrosion should be considered as active corrosion if it is determined that operation and
maintenance actions will not control the corrosion condition to an extent that prevents it from becoming
detrimental to public safety.

3 "NOT ACTIVE" CONTINUING CORROSION

If continuing corrosion is determined to be "not active," cathodic protection or other corrective measures
may not be required. One method of assessing continuing corrosion is by a measured or calculated
corrosion rate of the pipe in the area of concern. Application of the corrosion rate to the pipe could result
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DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART I

in an estimate of when the pipe might become a detriment to public safety. Corrective measures would
be required prior to that time. Such an analysis would be required at least every three years (not to
exceed 39 months) since §192.465(e) requires an unprotected pipeline be reevaluated every three years
at intervals not exceeding 39 months for the existence of active corrosion.

One way that corrosion which is currently considered "not active" may become "active" is as a result of
increased presence of sustained public activity in the vicinity of the pipeline. An increase in the rate of
corrosion is not necessarily required.

4 CORRECTING ACTIVE CORROSION

4.1 Corrective measures.

Where it has been determined that active corrosion exists, §192.457(b) requires cathodic protection in
accordance with Subpart I for the pipeline in areas of active corrosion. The following corrective
measures should be considered.
(a) Cathodically protecting the pipeline in areas of active corrosion. The following measures should be
considered to assist in the application of cathodic protection.
(1) Coating or recoating the pipe.
(2) Controlling stray current.
(3) Mitigating shielding effects or non-galvanic corrosion such as microbiologically influenced
corrosion (MIC).
(b) Replacing with plastic pipe or coated steel pipe.
(c) Abandonment.

4.2 Reference.
AGA XL8920, "Attention Prioritizing and Pipe Replacement/Renewal Decisions."

5 USING ELECTRICAL-TYPE SURVEYS

5.1 Methods.
The following are electrical-type surveys that have been commonly used with success.
(a) Pipe-to-soil potential measurement.
(b) Soil resistivity measurement.
(c) Dual electrode or earth gradient measurement.
(d) Line current measurement.
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5.2 Applicability.
Where electrical-type surveys are considered for use in determining corrosion areas, the operator
should consider the following conditions that may make these surveys impractical to apply or ineffective,
or may result in unreliable data.
(a) Stray earth gradient. Telluric currents, iron ore deposits, A.C. induction and other sources create
stray earth potential gradients that may make it difficult to reliably interpret electrical-type surveys.
(b) Lack of electrical continuity. The facility may not be electrically continuous due to unknown insulators
or other high resistance joining methods (such as gasketed joints and, on occasion, lack of
continuity on threaded connections). These discontinuities may be intermittent with time.
(c) Pavement and congestion. Electrical-type surveys are complicated in congested areas where
frequent pipe contact is necessary. Paved streets and sidewalks prevent ready access to the soil
contact required for the copper sulfate electrode and also limit ability to contact the pipe itself.
(d) Electrical isolation. Facilities that are not electrically isolated are often in direct contact with other
metallic structures or in indirect contact with these structures through the earth, house plumbing,
wiring or electrical grounding systems. Where such contacts exist, electrical surveys are either
ineffective or may erroneously indicate corrosion problems. For example, an unknown contact
between a steel pipeline and aluminum, zinc or galvanized metal would indicate an electro-negative
peak on a pipe-to-soil survey that may erroneously be interpreted as a corrosive condition on the
pipeline.
(e) Shielding of current. Cathodic protection current may be shielded from the pipeline by nearby
objects close to the pipeline. The current can be picked up by nearby conducting elements such
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as casings, parallel or crossing lines, scrap metal, or other foreign objects. Nonconducting
elements close to the pipeline can also shield or limit the current to the pipeline. Such elements
could be disbonded coating, rocks, solid-type rock shield (i.e., material that would shield cathodic
protection), rock ledges or concrete structures. The shielding effects can go undetected by an
electrical survey due to the many combinations of the size and location of shielding objects.
(f) Sufficiency of history and details of facilities. Correct interpretation of electrical measurements on
gas facilities depends on detailed knowledge of the age and types of material installed, maintenance
history, location of galvanic anodes, coating, foreign facilities, location and types of service lines,
joining methods and unusual soil conditions. For example, the installation of insulators after the
facilities have been in service will alter the significance of previous electrical survey data.
(g) Other conditions.
(1) Extremely dry soil.
(2) Adjacent underground facilities.
(h) Practicability. The extreme hardship or expense of obtaining a meaningful electrical survey may
render a survey inappropriate for a given pipeline because of the above or other conditions.

6 USING IN-LINE INSTRUMENT SURVEYS

6.1 Methods.
The following are types of in-line instrument surveys that have been successfully used.
(a) Magnetic flux leakage.
(b) Ultrasonic, provided the pipeline is filled with liquid.

6.2 Applicability.
In-line instrument surveys may be impractical to apply or be ineffective. In addition, they may result in
damage to the pipeline or the in-line instrument. When considered for use in determining corrosion
areas, the operator should address the following conditions.
(a) Valves and fittings with inside diameters smaller than the inside diameter of the pipe.
(b) Launching and receiving facilities with inadequate inside diameter or length.
(c) Changes in nominal pipe sizes, sharp bends, or short-radius ells.
(d) Obstructions.
(e) Lack of scraper bars (i.e., retaining bars installed in branch connections).
(f) Inadequate pressure to move the in-line instrument.
(g) Inadequate pressure regulating facilities to control the velocity of the in-line instrument.
(h) Inadequate liquid medium when using ultrasonic instruments.

6.3 Limitations.
In-line inspection tools may be used to find external and internal corrosion. Although the tool does
indicate areas of metal loss, it may not give accurate indications of defect severity. Further, it may not
reliably detect most crack defects that can occur in pipelines. Defects that may not necessarily be
detected by in-line instruments include the following.
(a) Stress corrosion cracking.
(b) Manufacturing defects in the longitudinal weld.
(c) Laminations, inclusions, and similar defects.
(d) Girth weld defects.
(e) Cracks in gouges.
(f) Coating defects.

7 INSPECTING PIPELINE IN CASINGS

7.1 Visual inspection.

Normally, it is impractical to inspect a carrier pipe in a casing. Whenever the encased carrier pipe is
exposed, it should be visually inspected (see §192.459). Visual inspection of the encased carrier pipe
for atmospheric corrosion conditions within casings should be made in those situations where the
casing must be lengthened due to road widening or other construction, and where the carrier pipe

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must be pulled out of the casing and replaced.

7.2 In-line instrument surveys.

In-line instrument surveys may be used to evaluate corrosion of an encased carrier pipe. However, it
is normally not practical to use this technique except when it is part of a general in-line inspection
survey.

§192.459
External corrosion control: Examination of buried pipeline when exposed.
[Effective Date: 11-22-99]

Whenever an operator has knowledge that any portion of a buried pipeline is exposed, the
exposed portion must be examined for evidence of external corrosion if the pipe is bare, or if the
coating is deteriorated. If external corrosion requiring remedial action under Secs. 192.483 through
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192.489 is found, the operator shall investigate circumferentially and longitudinally beyond the
exposed portion (by visual examination, indirect method, or both) to determine whether additional
corrosion requiring remedial action exists in the vicinity of the exposed portion.

[Issued by Amdt. 192-4, 36 FR 12297, June 30, 1971; Amdt. 192-87, 64 FR 56978, Oct. 22, 1999]

GUIDE MATERIAL

1 FIELD INVESTIGATION

The following may be considered when inspecting exposed pipe for external corrosion.
(a) If no corrosion is found, further investigation is not required.
(b) If corrosion is found, but the corrosion does not require remedial action (as required by §§192.483,
192.485, 192.487, and 192.489), repair or upgrade the cathodic protection system to prevent further
corrosion, if applicable.
(c) If corrosion requiring remedial action is found, perform an investigation by visual examination, an
indirect method, or a combination of both to determine the extent of any additional detrimental
corrosion in the vicinity of the exposed pipe. This investigation must be conducted both
circumferentially and longitudinally. Procedures for additional investigation may include the following.
(1) Guidelines for determining when to use a visual examination or other methods.
(2) A list of operator-approved investigation methods, which might include additional excavation,
electrical surveys, wall-thickness measurements, internal inspection tools, or other non-
destructive testing methods.
(3) Allowable methods of inspection.
(4) Criteria for how much pipe must be found that does not require remedial action before stopping
the investigation. These criteria might include location, diameter, operating pressure, or other
factors.
(5) Guidelines for what to do if remedial action is required but cannot be performed immediately.
(6) Guidelines for when to contact a supervisor or other person qualified in corrosion control
methods.
(7) Requirements for documentation.
(d) Repair of any coating damage caused or found during an inspection.

2 FIELD REPORT

A field work report or similar form is useful for describing the condition of the coating or exposed pipe
surface in qualitative terms. General criteria for rating the existing conditions should be established
system-wide to provide for consistency in field reporting and analysis. Where possible, the report or form

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should include the following.

(a) An evaluation of the coating condition.
(b) An evaluation of the pipe condition.
(c) The extent of the initial investigation.
(d) The extent of any additional investigation conducted, if remedial action is required.

3 ADJACENT UNDERGROUND STRUCTURES

3.1 General.
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When inspecting the exposed pipeline, consideration should be given to the proximity and condition of
existing conduits, ducts, sewer lines and similar structures, including abandoned facilities, which might
have the potential to provide a path for the migration of leaking gas.

3.2 Cathodic shielding.

Visual inspection for corrosion is an effective method to determine cathodic shielding of a pipeline. The
area exposed around a pipeline should be inspected for foreign objects that can contribute to cathodic
shielding. Once a corroded or shielded area is discovered, remedial measures should be taken. See 5.2
of the guide material under §192.457 for further information regarding shielding of current.

§192.461
External corrosion control: Protective coating.
[Effective Date: 8-1-71]

(a) Each external protective coating, whether conductive or insulating, applied for the purpose
of external corrosion control must --
(1) Be applied on a properly prepared surface;
(2) Have sufficient adhesion to the metal surface to effectively resist underfilm migration of
moisture;
(3) Be sufficiently ductile to resist cracking;
(4) Have sufficient strength to resist damage due to handling and soil stress; and
(5) Have properties compatible with any supplemental cathodic protection.
(b) Each external protective coating which is an electrically insulating type must also have low
moisture absorption and high electrical resistance.
(c) Each external protective coating must be inspected just prior to lowering the pipe into the
ditch and backfilling, and any damage detrimental to effective corrosion control must be repaired.
(d) Each external protective coating must be protected from damage resulting from adverse
ditch conditions or damage from supporting blocks.
(e) If coated pipe is installed by boring, driving, or other similar method, precautions must be
taken to minimize damage to the coating during installation.

[Issued by Amdt. 192-4, 36 FR 12297, June 30, 1971]

GUIDE MATERIAL

1 REFERENCES

References are contained in Table 192.461i.

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2 INFORMATION TO BE COMMUNICATED

2.1 General information.

(a) Facts about the gas distributed or transported.
(b) Importance of recognizing and immediately reporting a gas emergency.
(c) How to report an emergency to the gas facilities operator.
(d) What action to take in an emergency or when gas leaks are detected.
(e) Importance of reporting any odor of gas no matter how slight.
(f) Recognizing and reporting other types of hazards or potential hazards such as the following.
(1) Heavy snow accumulation on meter set assemblies.
(2) Snow or ice falling or being shoveled from roofs onto gas facilities.
(3) Ice build-up on regulators or regulator vents.
(4) Carbon monoxide hazards from snow and ice build-up around combustion air and exhaust
vents for gas appliances.
(g) How to identify a pipeline marker.
(h) Importance of reporting any gas pipeline damage or movement. See guide material under
§192.614.

2.2 Specific information.

Information on how to recognize an emergency or potentially dangerous situation. This might include
information on the possibility that escaping gas may be detected by sound and smell (if it is odorized)
and by visual indications. Possible indicators that might be described include:
(a) An odor of gas in a building.
(b) A hissing sound.
(c) A fire in or near a gas appliance or piping.
(d) Unusual noise at an appliance.
(e) Unusual behavior of the flame at an appliance burner.
(f) Gas outside (odor, blowing, burning).
(g) Odor of gas where excavation work is in progress or has recently been completed.

2.3 Emergency information.

Information on what action to take in an emergency, or when gas leaks are detected, until the operator
can be notified and respond. This might include the following.
(a) Do not attempt to locate gas leaks.
(b) Do not remain in the building when there is a strong gas odor.
(c) Do not turn lights on or off or unplug electrical appliances when there is a strong gas odor.
(d) Do not use telephones in the area of a strong gas odor.
(e) Do not use elevators.
(f) Do not position or operate vehicles and powered equipment where leaking gas may be present.
(g) Do not smoke or use lighters, matches, or other open flames.
(h) Notify the local emergency response agency, such as the fire or police department (call 911 where
appropriate), regarding the emergency situation if gas leakage is determined to be significant
(blowing or burning).

2.4 Priority consideration.

Emphasis that personal safety and the protection of human life should always be given higher priority
than protection of property.

Addendum No. 3, September 2005 211(b)

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3 LANGUAGE

The following may provide indications of other languages, in addition to English, to consider when
conducting public education programs.
(a) Languages prescribed by state or local governments.
(b) Commercial non-English radio, television, and print media.
(c) U.S. Census data.

4 EVALUATION AND ASSESSMENT

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4.1 Frequency.
Public education programs should be evaluated periodically, and following accidents, to ensure
effectiveness of the program. An operator should conduct such evaluations as often as necessary
considering the system’s characteristics.

4.2 Scope and methods.

The evaluations should assess the program’s content and presentation techniques. These evaluations
may be performed in a variety of ways. Evaluation methods include the following:
(a) Surveys by a private assessment organization.
(b) Questionnaires distributed as an individual document or “bill stuffer.”
(c) Personal interviews.
(d) Interview panels comprised of a broad sample of the general public (e.g., customers, local officials,
excavators, and persons living near pipelines).
(e) Telephone interviews.

§192.617
Investigation of failures.
[Effective Date: 11-12-70]

Each operator shall establish procedures for analyzing accidents and failures, including the
selection of samples of the failed facility or equipment for laboratory examination, where appropriate,
for the purpose of determining the causes of the failure and minimizing the possibility of a
recurrence.

GUIDE MATERIAL

1 GENERAL

Data on all failures and leaks should be compiled for use in continuing surveillance under §192.613. The
information for completing a 30-day incident report form contained in Part 191 may constitute an
adequate analysis of a failure or leak. See §§191.9 and 191.15. Further analysis, especially of repeated
occurrences, should be made when it could be useful in minimizing a recurrence of the failure. For
additional information on failures of PE pipe, see 3 of the guide material under §192.613.

2 RESPONSE TO INCIDENT

If a detailed analysis is to be made, rapid response will be necessary for preserving the integrity of
specimens and gathering information.

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3 INCIDENT DATA COLLECTION

When a detailed analysis is to be made, a person at the scene of the incident should be designated to
coordinate the investigation. That person's responsibilities should include the following.
(a) Acting as a coordinator for all field investigative personnel.
(b) Maintaining a log of the personnel, equipment, and witnesses.
(c) Recording in chronological order the events as they take place.
(d) Ensuring that photographs are taken of the incident and surrounding areas. These photographs
may be of great value in the investigation.
(e) Ensuring the notification of all appropriate governmental authorities.
(f) Ensuring the preservation of evidence.

4 INVESTIGATION TEAM
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When a detailed analysis is to be made, a fully qualified investigation team should be designated. The
investigation team should be qualified either by training or experience in the proper procedures for
investigation of an incident. The investigation should include the following.
(a) Determination of the probable cause of the incident.
(b) Evaluation of the initial response to the incident.
(c) The need for system improvements if necessary.
(d) The need for improvements in response, management and investigation of incidents.

5 SPECIMENS

A procedure should be prepared for selecting, collecting, preserving, labeling, and handling of
specimens. Procedures for collecting plastic or metallurgical specimens should include precautions
against changing the granular structure in the areas of investigatory interest (e.g., avoid heat effects
from cutting and outside forces due to tools and equipment). When corrosion may be involved,
procedures may be necessary for proper sampling and handling of soil and ground water specimens.
Procedures controlling the cutting, cleaning, lifting, identifying, and shipping of pipe specimens should be
considered for preservation of valuable evidence on the pipe surface, and on any tear surface or fracture
face, including making cuts far enough from the failure to avoid damaging critical areas of the specimen.

The number of specimens needed to be collected at the failure site may vary depending on the type and
number of tests anticipated. A series of independent or destructive tests may require multiple
specimens. If there is a need to confirm the pipe materials specifications, then additional pipe specimens
should be obtained near the failure, but in an area of the piping where the physical properties and
characteristics are unaffected by the failure itself. Other investigatory procedures may be utilized to
confirm pipe material specifications.

6 TESTING AND ANALYSIS

Recognized standard destructive and non-destructive techniques are the preferred means to examine
test specimens. The testing methods used should be suited to the particular material being tested, and
be pertinent to the failure investigation.

Analysis and data on failures should be compiled and reviewed. The need for continuing surveillance of
pipeline facilities should be determined. See the guide material under §192.613.

7 REFERENCES

(a) "First at the Scene" by J.M. Lennon, Director of Claims, Philadelphia Electric Company; AGA
Operating Section Proceedings - 1983.

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(b) "How to Protect the Company at the Scene of an Incident" by Robert E. Kennedy, Director of
Claims, Claim & Security Department, The Brooklyn Union Gas Company; AGA Operating Section
Proceedings - 1983.
(c) NFPA 921, "Guide for Fire and Explosion Investigations."
(d) NACE RP0173, "Collection and Identification of Corrosion Products" (Discontinued).

§192.619
\ What is the maximum allowable operating pressure for
steel or plastic pipelines?

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\ [Effective Date: 4-14-06]

(a) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, no person may operate a segment of
steel or plastic pipeline at a pressure that exceeds the lowest of the following:
(1) The design pressure of the weakest element in the segment, determined in accordance
with subparts C and D of this part. However, for steel pipe in pipelines being converted under
§192.14 or uprated under subpart K of this part, if any variable necessary to determine the design
pressure under the design formula (§192.105) is unknown, one of the following pressures is to be
used as design pressure:
(i) Eighty percent of the first test pressure that produces yield under section N5.0 of
Appendix N of ASME B31.8, reduced by the appropriate factor in paragraph (a)(2)(ii) of this section;
or
(ii) If the pipe is 12¾ inches (324 mm) or less in outside diameter and is not tested to
yield under this paragraph, 200 p.s.i. (1379 kPa).
(2) The pressure obtained by dividing the pressure to which the segment was tested after
construction as follows:
(i) For plastic pipe in all locations, the test pressure is divided by a factor of 1.5.
(ii) For steel pipe operated at 100 p.s.i. (689 kPa) gage or more, the test pressure is
divided by a factor determined in accordance with the following table:

1
Class Factor , segment--
location

Installed before Installed after Converted

(Nov. 12, 1970) (Nov. 11, 1970) under §192.14

1 1.1 1.1 1.25

2 1.25 1.25 1.25
3 1.4 1.5 1.5
4 1.4 1.5 1.5

1
For offshore segments installed, uprated or converted after July 31, 1977, that are not located
on an offshore platform, the factor is 1.25. For segments installed, uprated or converted after
July 31, 1977, that are located on an offshore platform or on a platform in inland navigable
waters, including a pipe riser, the factor is 1.5.

(3) The highest actual operating pressure to which the segment was subjected during the
5 years preceding the applicable date in the second column. This pressure restriction applies
unless the segment was tested according to the requirements in paragraph (a)(2) of this section
after the applicable date in the third column or the segment was uprated according to the
requirements in subpart K of this part:

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Pipeline segment Pressure date Test date

— Onshore gathering line that March 15, 2006, or date line 5 years preceding
first became subject to this part becomes subject to this part, applicable date in second
(other than §192.612) after April whichever is later. column.
13, 2006.
— Onshore transmission line
that was a gathering line not
subject to this part before
March 15, 2006.
Offshore gathering lines. July 1, 1976. July 1, 1971.
All other pipelines. July 1, 1970. July 1, 1965.

(4) The pressure determined by the operator to be the maximum safe pressure after
considering the history of the segment, particularly known corrosion and the actual operating
pressure.
(b) No person may operate a segment to which paragraph (a)(4) of this section is applicable,
unless over-pressure protective devices are installed on the segment in a manner that will prevent
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the maximum allowable operating pressure from being exceeded, in accordance with §192.195.
(c) The requirements on pressure restrictions in this section do not apply in the following
instance. An operator may operate a segment of pipeline found to be in satisfactory condition,
considering its operating and maintenance history, at the highest actual operating pressure to
which the segment was subjected during the 5 years preceding the applicable date in the second
column of the table in paragraph (a)(3) of this section. An operator must still comply with §192.611.

[Amdt. 192-3, 35 FR 17659, Nov. 17, 1970; Amdt. 192-27, 41 FR 34598, Aug. 16, 1976 with Amdt. 192-
27A, 41 FR 47252, Oct. 28, 1976; Amdt. 192-30, 42 FR 60146, Nov. 25, 1977; Amdt. 192-78, 61 FR
28770, June 6, 1996 with Amdt. 192-78 Correction, 61 FR 30824, June 18, 1996; Amdt. 192-85, 63 FR
37500, July 13, 1998; Amdt. 192-102, 71 FR 13289, Mar. 15, 2006]

GUIDE MATERIAL

This guide material is under review following Amendment 192-102.

See Guide Material Appendices G-192-9 and G-192-10.

§192.621
Maximum allowable operating pressure: High-pressure distribution systems.
[Effective Date: 7-13-98]

(a) No person may operate a segment of a high pressure distribution system at a pressure that
exceeds the lowest of the following pressures, as applicable:
(1) The design pressure of the weakest element in the segment, determined in accordance
with Subparts C and D of this part.
(2) 60 p.s.i. (414 kPa) gage, for a segment of a distribution system otherwise designed to
operate at over 60 p.s.i.g., unless the service lines in the segment are equipped with service
regulators or other pressure limiting devices in series that meet the requirements of §192.197(c).
(3) 25 p.s.i. (172 kPa) gage in segments of cast iron pipe in which there are unreinforced bell

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and spigot joints.

(4) The pressure limits to which a joint could be subjected without the possibility of its
parting.
(5) The pressure determined by the operator to be the maximum safe pressure after
considering the history of the segment, particularly known corrosion and the actual operating
pressures.
(b) No person may operate a segment of pipeline to which paragraph (a) (5) of this section
applies, unless overpressure protective devices are installed on the segment in a manner that will
prevent the maximum allowable operating pressure from being exceeded, in accordance with
§192.195.

[Amdt. 192-85, 63 FR 37500, July 13, 1998]

GUIDE MATERIAL

For high pressure distribution systems containing steel or plastic pipelines, see §192.619.

§192.623
Maximum and minimum allowable operating pressure:
Low-pressure distribution systems.
[Effective Date: 4-26-96]

(a) No person may operate a low-pressure distribution system at a pressure high enough to
make unsafe the operation of any connected and properly adjusted low-pressure gas burning
equipment.
(b) No person may operate a low pressure distribution system at a pressure lower than the
minimum pressure at which the safe and continuing operation of any connected and properly
adjusted low-pressure gas burning equipment can be assured.

[Amdt. 192-75, 61 FR 18512, Apr. 26, 1996 with Amdt. 192-75 Correction, 61 FR 38403, July 24, 1996]

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4 INACTIVE PIPELINES

Each operator should consider the following elements when determining whether to abandon or continue
maintaining an inactive pipeline.
(a) Location (business district, urban, suburban, rural, etc.).
(b) Type of piping material.
(c) Joining method (welding, fusion, compression couplings, etc.).
(d) Cathodic protection.
(e) Operating pressure.

Provisions for continuing maintenance of an inactive pipeline should be included in the procedural
manual for operations and maintenance required under §192.605.

§192.729
(Removed.)
[Effective Date: 2-11-95]

§192.731
Compressor stations: Inspection and testing of relief devices.
[Effective Date: 11-22-82]

(a) Except for rupture discs, each pressure relieving device in a compressor station must be
inspected and tested in accordance with §§192.739 and 192.743, and must be operated periodically
to determine that it opens at the correct set pressure.
(b) Any defective or inadequate equipment found must be promptly repaired or replaced.
(c) Each remote control shutdown device must be inspected and tested at intervals not
exceeding 15 months, but at least once each calendar year, to determine that it functions properly.

[Amdt. 192-43, 47 FR 46850, Oct. 21, 1982]

GUIDE MATERIAL

No guide material necessary.

§192.733
(Removed.)
[Effective Date: 2-11-95]
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§192.735
Compressor stations: Storage of combustible materials.
[Effective Date: ]11-12-70

(a) Flammable or combustible materials in quantities beyond those required for everyday use,
or other than those normally used in compressor buildings, must be stored a safe distance from the
compressor building.
(b) Aboveground oil or gasoline storage tanks must be protected in accordance with National
Fire Protection Association Standard No. 30.

GUIDE MATERIAL

No guide material necessary.

§192.736
Compressor stations: Gas detection.
[Effective Date: 7-13-98]

(a) Not later than September 16, 1996, each compressor building in a compressor station must
have a fixed gas detection and alarm system, unless the building is--
(1) Constructed so that at least 50 percent of its upright side area is permanently open; or
(2) Located in an unattended field compressor station of 1,000 horsepower (746 kW) or less.
(b) Except when shutdown of the system is necessary for maintenance under paragraph (c) of
this section, each gas detection and alarm system required by this section must--
(1) Continuously monitor the compressor building for a concentration of gas in air of not
more than 25 percent of the lower explosive limit; and
(2) If that concentration of gas is detected, warn persons about to enter the building and
persons inside the building of the danger.
(c) Each gas detection and alarm system required by this section must be maintained to
function properly. The maintenance must include performance tests.

[Issued by Amdt. 192-69, 58 FR 48460, Sept. 16, 1993; Amdt. 192-85, 63 FR 37500, July 13, 1998]

GUIDE MATERIAL

1 GENERAL

See §192.171 for design of gas detection and alarm systems.

2 MAINTENANCE AND TESTING OF GAS DETECTION AND ALARM SYSTEMS

The operator should develop:

(a) Maintenance and testing procedures to ensure proper function of the gas detectors and alarm
system.
(b) Procedures for calibrating the gas detection equipment and verifying that the alarms are
functioning properly.

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§192.737
(Removed.)
[Effective Date: 2-11-95]
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§192.739
Pressure limiting and regulating stations: Inspection and testing.
[Effective Date: 10-8-04]

(a) Each pressure limiting station, relief device (except rupture discs), and pressure regulating
station and its equipment must be subjected at intervals not exceeding 15 months, but at least once
each calendar year, to inspections and tests to determine that it is--
(1) In good mechanical condition;
(2) Adequate from the standpoint of capacity and reliability of operation for the service in which
it is employed;
(3) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, set to control or relieve at the correct
pressures consistent with the pressure limits of §192.201(a); and
(4) Properly installed and protected from dirt, liquids, or other conditions that might prevent
proper operation.
(b) For steel pipelines whose MAOP is determined under §192.619(c), if the MAOP is 60 psi (414 kPa)
gage or more, the control or relief pressure limit is as follows:

If the MAOP produces a hoop stress that is: Then the pressure limit is:
Greater than 72 percent of SMYS MAOP plus 4 percent.
Unknown as a percentage of SMYS A pressure that will prevent unsafe
operation of the pipeline considering its
operating and maintenance history and
MAOP.

[Amdt. 192-43, 47 FR 46850, Oct. 21, 1982; Amdt. 192-93, 68 FR 53895, Sept. 15, 2003; Amdt. 192-96,
69 FR 27861, May 17, 2004 with Amdt. 192-96 DFR Confirmation, 69 FR 54248, Sept. 8, 2004]

GUIDE MATERIAL

1 GENERAL

When it is necessary to continue gas flow through a manually controlled bypass in order to inspect or
test station components, the manual valve should be operated by personnel who are qualified by training
and experience to control the pressure in the downstream system at or below its MAOP. The pressures
should be continuously monitored and the valve adjusted to prevent an overpressure condition. The
manual bypass valve should be clearly marked showing the direction it is to be turned to either open or
close the valve.

2 VISUAL INSPECTIONS

Visual inspections should be made to determine that a satisfactory condition exists which will allow
proper operation of the equipment. The following should be included in the inspection, where necessary.
(a) Station piping supports, pits, and vaults for general condition and indications of ground settlement.
Prior to entering a vault which has restricted openings (such as manholes) or which is more than

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four feet deep, and while working therein, tests should be made of the atmosphere in the vault. See
the guide material under §192.749 for atmospheric test procedures.
(b) Station doors and gates, and pit and vault covers to ensure that they are functioning properly and
that access is adequate and free from obstructions.
(c) Ventilating equipment installed in station buildings or vaults for proper operation and for evidence of
accumulation of water, ice, snow, or other obstructions.
(d) Control, sensing, and supply lines for conditions that could result in a failure.
(e) All locking devices for proper operation.
(f) Posted station schematics for correctness.

3 STOP VALVES

An inspection or test of stop valves should be made to ensure that the valves will operate and are
correctly positioned. Caution should be used to avoid any undesirable effect on pressures during
operational checks. The following should be included in the inspection or test.
(a) Station inlet, outlet and bypass valves.
(b) Relief device isolating valves.
(c) Control, sensing, and supply line valves.

4 PRESSURE REGULATORS

4.1 General operating conditions.

Consideration should be given to taking the station out of service during inspection and testing activities.
Each pressure regulator used for pressure reduction or for pressure limiting should be inspected or
tested. The procedure should ensure that each regulator is in good working order, controls at its set
pressure, operates or strokes smoothly, and shuts off within the expected and accepted limits. If
acceptable operation is not obtained during the operational check, the cause of the malfunction should
be determined and the appropriate components should be adjusted, repaired, or replaced as required.
After repair, the regulator should be checked for proper operation.

4.2 Special conditions.

(a) Regulator bodies that are subjected to erosive service conditions may require visual internal
inspection.
(b) More frequent inspections or additional inspections may be required as a result of construction and
hydrostatic testing upstream.
(c) More frequent inspections or additional inspections may be required as a result of abnormal
changes in operating conditions or unusual flows or velocities.
(d) Whenever abnormal pressures are imposed on pressure or flow devices, the event should be
investigated and a determination made as to the need for inspection and repairs.
(e) Inspection and testing should be performed during times of low station throughput or when the
station can be taken out of service, if practical.

5 RELIEF DEVICES

(a) The inspection or test should ensure the following.

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(1) Correct set pressure of relief devices. See 5(b) below for testing for correct set pressure.
(2) Correct liquid level of liquid seals.
(3) That the stacks are free of obstructions.
(b) One of the methods listed below may be used to test for correct set pressure. Test connections
should include a gauge or deadweight tester so arranged that the pressure at which the device
becomes operative may be observed and recorded.
(1) The pressure may be increased in the segment until the device is activated. During the tests,
care should be exercised to ensure that the pressure in the segment protected by the relief
device does not exceed the limit in §192.201.
(2) The pressure from a secondary pressure source may be added to the pilot or control line until
the device is activated.

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(3) The device may be transported to a shop for testing and returned to service. When the device is
to be shop-tested or otherwise rendered inoperative, adequate overpressure protection of the
affected segments should be maintained during the period of time the relief device is
inoperative.
(c) See §192.743 for reviewing and calculating, or testing, the required capacity of relief devices.

6 FINAL INSPECTION

The final inspection procedure should include the following.

(a) A check by personnel who are qualified by experience and training for proper position of all valves.
Special attention should be given to regulator station bypass valves, relief device isolating valves,
and valves in control, sensing, and supply lines.
(b) Restoration of all locking and security devices to proper position.

§192.741
Pressure limiting and regulating stations: Telemetering or recording gages.
[Effective Date: 11-12-70]

(a) Each distribution system supplied by more than one district pressure regulating station
must be equipped with telemetering or recording pressure gages to indicate the gas pressure in the
district.
(b) On distribution systems supplied by a single district pressure regulating station, the
operator shall determine the necessity of installing telemetering or recording gages in the district,
taking into consideration the number of customers supplied, the operating pressures, the capacity of
the installation, and other operating conditions.
(c) If there are indications of abnormally high- or low-pressure, the regulator and the auxiliary
equipment must be inspected and the necessary measures employed to correct any unsatisfactory
operating conditions.

GUIDE MATERIAL

1 MAINTENANCE OF TELEMETERING AND RECORDING GAUGE INSTRUMENTS AND RECORDS

1.1 Operation, testing and maintenance of instruments.

All instruments used for telemetering or recording pressures should be operated in accordance with the
manufacturers recommended instructions; and should be inspected and tested, in accordance with the
manufacturers recommended instructions, at intervals not exceeding 1 year.

1.2 Review of recording charts.

Each operator should review the recorded pressure readings either at the time of inspection or shortly
after the removal of the gauge chart from the gauge. Each operator should review the recorded pressure
readings for the following.
(a) Any indication of abnormal operating condition (i.e., high or low pressure).
(b) Proper operation by the recording instrument.
(c) Proper operation of pressure regulating devices.

1.3 Identification of pressure charts.

The operator should indicate on each pressure recording chart the following information.
(a) Name of the operator.
(b) Location of recording gauge-station name or number or both.
(c) Date and time of recorded pressure readings.
(d) Any tests performed on the gauge during the recorded period.
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1.4 Retention of pressure records.

All records showing the recorded pressure readings should be retained in accordance with requirements
of the governmental agency that has jurisdiction over the operator or until the operator no longer
requires their retention.

2 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS SUPPLIED BY MORE THAN ONE PRESSURE REGULATOR STATION

(§192.741(a))

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2.1 Telemetering or recording pressure gauge.
Each operator should install and maintain telemetering or recording pressure gauges at some points in
the system. The location of the gauges is dependent upon the design of the system, and therefore,
should be at points that would best indicate an abnormal operating condition.

2.2 Temporary recording gauges at low pressure points.

Each operator should give consideration to installing temporary recording gauges at various locations in
the distribution system at suspected or anticipated low pressure points. The data compiled or derived
from these gauges will assist the operator in determining the adequacy of the system design. These
gauges should remain until the suspected condition is:
(a) Shown to be satisfactory; or
(b) Corrected.

2.3 Additional telemetering or recording pressure gauges.

If the system is such that installed gauges cannot adequately indicate the pressure in the distribution
system, the operator should give consideration to installing additional telemetering or recording pressure
gauges at selected points to assist in maintaining the maximum and minimum allowable operating
pressures as required by §§192.619, 192.621, and 192.623.

3 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS SUPPLIED BY ONE PRESSURE REGULATOR STATION (§192.741(b))

3.1 Telemetering as early warning agent.

Telemetering of pressure or flow may be used as an early warning agent to disclose system failures or
malfunctions. The following parameters should be considered to determine if a telemetering system is
feasible and practical.
(a) Response time of operating personnel to the source of the telemetered signal.
(b) The magnitude of pressure drop or flow increase which would indicate a system failure.
(c) Design limits of the telemetering system to properly respond to the criteria established in (b) above.
(d) Recognition of possible failures to which the telemetry would not respond.
(e) Seasonal changes in normal pressure or flow requirements, which may require resetting the alarm
limits.
(f) The complexity of the telemetry system to be installed. The system could vary from a simple
high-low pressure switch alarm to a more sophisticated system transmitting signals to a computer.
(g) Location of the telemetered alarm at a center manned 24 hours a day having the capability to alert
necessary operating personnel.

On the basis of the foregoing factors, determine whether (1) the telemeter is feasible, and if so, (2)
determine whether it is practical in relation to cost, probability of pipeline failure, proximity to the
operating headquarters, risk analysis, and system safety.

3.2 Monitoring of single feed distribution system operations.

Even though the number of source points required to monitor a single feed distribution system may be
less than a distribution system fed by more than one pressure regulator station, the guide material in 2.1,
2.2, and 2.3 above should be considered.

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4 ABNORMAL OPERATING CONDITIONS (§192.741(c))

If an abnormal operating condition is indicated, the operator should:

(a) Investigate and determine if pressure regulating and auxiliary control equipment is in satisfactory
operating condition. Any unsatisfactory condition found, by inspection or test, should be immediately
corrected.
(b) Investigate and determine if the pressure recording device is in proper operating condition. If any
unsatisfactory condition is found, by inspection or test, it should be corrected as soon as practical.
(c) Investigate the distribution system in the vicinity of a high pressure or low pressure condition.

§192.743
Pressure limiting and regulating stations: Capacity of relief devices.
[Effective Date: 10-8-04]

(a) Pressure relief devices at pressure limiting stations and pressure regulating stations must
have sufficient capacity to protect the facilities to which they are connected. Except as provided in
§192.739(b), the capacity must be consistent with the pressure limits of §192.201(a). This capacity
must be determined at intervals not exceeding 15 months, but at least once each calendar year, by
testing the devices in place or by review and calculations.
(b) If review and calculations are used to determine if a device has sufficient capacity, the
calculated capacity must be compared with the rated or experimentally determined relieving capacity
of the device for the conditions under which it operates. After the initial calculations, subsequent
calculations need not be made if the annual review documents that parameters have not changed to
cause the rated or experimentally determined relieving capacity to be insufficient.
(c) If a relief device is of insufficient capacity, a new or additional device must be installed to
provide the capacity required by paragraph (a) of this section.

[Amdt. 192-43, 47 FR 46850, Oct. 21, 1982; Amdt. 192-55, 51 FR 41633, Nov. 18, 1986; Amdt. 192-93, 68
FR 53895, Sept. 15, 2003; Amdt. 192-96, 69 FR 27861, May 17, 2004 with Amdt. 192-96 DFR
Confirmation, 69 FR 54248, Sept. 8, 2004]

GUIDE MATERIAL

1 CAPACITY DETERMINATION BY IN-PLACE TESTING

1.1 Determination of actual flow.

The capacity of the relief valve system can be determined by direct measurement under full flow
conditions or by determining a coefficient through limited flow tests that can be used in calculating the full
capacity. References for performing the appropriate tests include the following.
(a) UG-131 of Section VIII of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.
(b) API RP 525, " Testing Procedure for Pressure-Relieving Devices Discharging Against Variable Back
Pressure" (Discontinued).

1.2 Demonstrating adequate capacity.

(a) A test may be conducted by simulating conditions of maximum pressure and supply volume
conditions for the pressure control source of the protected segment and minimum flow conditions on
the discharge side of the source. Under these conditions the pressure control source should be wide
open. Adequate capacity is determined if the relief device prevents the downstream pressure from
exceeding that permitted by §192.201.

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(b) When conducting such a test, care must be taken to maintain service and to prevent
overpressurization of any components in the system.

2 CAPACITY DETERMINATION BY CALCULATION

2.1 Determination of required relief capacity.

(a) The maximum possible flow through the source supplying the system being protected should be
determined.
(1) When the source is controlled by the operator, recognized engineering formulas may be used to
make the calculations based on data published by, or otherwise obtained from, the

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manufacturer of the equipment used as a pressure source or pressure control component.
(i) A lesser capacity than calculated above is acceptable if calculations of flow in the piping
on the inlet or outlet of the equipment show a lesser throughput to be the maximum.
(ii) Data used in these calculations should be selected so that the capacity calculated will
represent the maximum throughput in actual operations including emergencies. Minimum
demand may be considered.
(2) When the operator does not have control of the source, information should be obtained to
adequately determine the maximum flow and pressure capacity of that source. This information
may then be used as the basis for relief capacity requirements.
(b) When more than one pressure regulating or compressor station feeds a pipeline, relief capacity
based on complete failure of the largest capacity regulator or compressor should be adequate. The
operator should consider subsequent failures that may be caused by initial failure.

2.2 Determination of relief device capacity.

See 2 of the guide material under §192.201.

3 REDETERMINATION

Whenever there are changes in the system, which could increase the supply of gas from the source, the
capacity of the control device, or the ability of the relief device to handle the required flow, a
redetermination should be made.

§192.745
Valve maintenance: Transmission lines.
[Effective Date: 10-15-03]

(a) Each transmission line valve that might be required during any emergency must be
inspected and partially operated at intervals not exceeding 15 months, but at least once each
calendar year.
(b) Each operator must take prompt remedial action to correct any valve found inoperable,
unless the operator designates an alternative valve.

[Amdt. 192-43, 47 FR 46850, Oct. 21, 1982; Amdt. 192-93, 68 FR 53895, Sept. 15, 2003]

GUIDE MATERIAL

1 INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE

(a) Each operator should review the valve manufacturer's recommendations and develop an
appropriate maintenance program.

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(b) Valves should be operated to the extent necessary to establish operability during an emergency.
When operating the valve, precautions should be taken to avoid a service outage or
overpressurization of the system.
(c) When maintenance is completed, the operator should verify that the valves are in the proper
position.
(d) When inspecting or maintaining valves, the location reference data contained in the operator's
records should be compared with field conditions. Changes, such as referenced landmarks, street
alignment, and topography, should be noted and incorporated in the records.

2 INOPERABLE VALVES

The following actions should be considered if a valve is found inoperable.

(a) Repair the valve to make it operable.
(b) Designate another valve or valves to substitute for the inoperable valve that will provide a similar
level of effectiveness for isolating the line section. Consideration should be given to the following.
(1) Spacing requirements as prescribed in §192.179.
(2) Updating records for emergency shutdown and future maintenance requirements.
(3) Informing employees of the change to the isolation or emergency shutdown plan.
(c) Replace the valve.

§192.747
Valve maintenance: Distribution systems.
[Effective Date: 10-15-03]

(a) Each valve, the use of which may be necessary for the safe operation of a distribution
system, must be checked and serviced at intervals not exceeding 15 months, but at least once each
calendar year.
(b) Each operator must take prompt remedial action to correct any valve found inoperable,
unless the operator designates an alternative valve.

[Amdt. 192-43, 47 FR 46850, Oct. 21, 1982; Amdt. 192-93, 68 FR 53895, Sept. 15, 2003]

GUIDE MATERIAL

1 INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE

Valves should be checked for adequate lubrication and proper alignment to permit the use of a key,
wrench, handle, or other operating device. Where applicable, the valve box or vault should be cleared of
any debris that would interfere with or delay the operation of the valve.

2 PRECAUTIONS

If a valve is to be partially operated, precautions should be taken to avoid a service outage or

overpressurization. Such precautions might include the following.
(a) Documenting the valve type (e.g., plug, gate, ball) and the direction and number of turns to operate
the valve.
(b) Verifying the orientation of the valve in relation to the valve stops.
(c) Monitoring downstream pressure for any variation from normal operating pressure.

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3 INOPERABLE VALVES

The following actions should be considered if a valve is found inoperable.

(a) Repair the valve to make it operable.
(b) Designate another valve or valves to substitute for the inoperable valve that will provide a similar
level of effectiveness for isolating the desired area. Consideration should be given to the following.
(1) Updating records for emergency shutdown and future maintenance requirements.
(2) Informing employees of the change to the isolation or emergency shutdown plan.
(c) Replace the valve.

4 IDENTIFICATION AND RECORD VERIFICATION

(a) See §192.181 for additional information on identifying valves necessary for the safe operation of a
distribution system.
(b) See guide material under §192.745 regarding verification of records with current field data.

§192.749
Vault maintenance.
[Effective Date: 7-13-98]

(a) Each vault housing pressure regulating and pressure limiting equipment, and having a
volumetric internal content of 200 cubic feet (5.66 cubic meters) or more, must be inspected at
intervals not exceeding 15 months, but at least once each calendar year, to determine that it is in
good physical condition and adequately ventilated.
(b) If gas is found in the vault, the equipment in the vault must be inspected for leaks, and any
leaks found must be repaired.
(c) The ventilating equipment must also be inspected to determine that it is functioning
properly.
(d) Each vault cover must be inspected to assure that it does not present a hazard to public
safety.

[Amdt. 192-43, 47 FR 46850, Oct. 21, 1982; Amdt. 192-85, 63 FR 37500, July 13, 1998]

GUIDE MATERIAL

1 APPLICABILITY

The following procedures apply primarily to vaults that have restricted openings (such as manholes) or
are more than four feet deep. However, an operator should review the following procedures and select
those that, for its particular situation, are applicable to vaults that have full opening covers and are less
than four feet deep.

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GUIDE MATERIAL

Glossary of Commonly Used Terms and Abbreviations Used in Subpart O

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BAP means baseline assessment plan.

CDA means confirmatory direct assessment.
DA means direct assessment.
ECDA means external corrosion direct assessment.
FAQs mean frequently asked questions.
Framework is an early version of an operator’s Integrity Management Program (IMP), which does not have all
the detailed processes in place.
HCA means high consequence area.
ICDA means internal corrosion direct assessment.
IMP means Integrity Management Program.
Low-frequency ERW (electric-resistance-welded) pipe is pipe that was manufactured using a 250-Hertz (Hz)
alternating electrical current to provide heat for fusion of the weld seam. Most pipe made using this
process was manufactured prior to 1970.
Low-stress transmission line is a steel transmission line that operates below 30% SMYS.
Plan is a particular component of the overall Integrity Management Program (IMP), and refers to a specific
action plan and documented criteria for implementing a particular program element or rule requirement.
Process is a step-by-step logical set of integrated activities that proceed from the initial understanding of what
needs to be done, to the successful performance and documentation of results.
Program is a document or a set of documents that systematically defines, controls, and implements integrity
management.
SCCDA means stress corrosion cracking direct assessment.

Note: For other terms and abbreviations, see Glossary of Commonly Used Terms and Glossary of
Commonly Used Abbreviations of the guide material under §192.3.

§192.905
How does an operator identify a high consequence area?
[Effective Date: 2-14-04]

(a) General. To determine which segments of an operator’s transmission pipeline system are
covered by this subpart, an operator must identify the high consequence areas. An operator must
use method (1) or (2) from the definition in §192.903 to identify a high consequence area. An operator
may apply one method to its entire pipeline system, or an operator may apply one method to
individual portions of the pipeline system. An operator must describe in its integrity management
program which method it is applying to each portion of the operator’s pipeline system. The
description must include the potential impact radius when utilized to establish a high consequence
area. (See Appendix E.I. for guidance on identifying high consequence areas.)
(b) (1) Identified sites. An operator must identify an identified site, for purposes of this subpart,
from information the operator has obtained from routine operation and maintenance activities and
from public officials with safety or emergency response or planning responsibilities who indicate to
the operator that they know of locations that meet the identified site criteria. These public officials
could include officials on a local emergency planning commission or relevant Native American tribal
officials.
(2) If a public official with safety or emergency response or planning responsibilities
informs an operator that it does not have the information to identify an identified site, the operator
must use one of the following sources, as appropriate, to identify these sites.
(i) Visible marking (e.g., a sign); or

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(ii) The site is licensed or registered by a Federal, State, or local government agency;
or
(iii) The site is on a list (including a list on an internet web site) or map maintained by
or available from a Federal, State, or local government agency and available to the general public.
(c) Newly-identified areas. When an operator has information that the area around a pipeline
segment not previously identified as a high consequence area could satisfy any of the definitions in
§192.903, the operator must complete the evaluation using method (1) or (2). If the segment is
determined to meet the definition as a high consequence area, it must be incorporated into the
operator’s baseline assessment plan as a high consequence area within one year from the date the
area is identified.

[Issued by Amdt. 192-95, 68 FR 69778, Dec. 15, 2003 with Amdt. 192-95 Correction, 69 FR 2307, Jan
15, 2004]

GUIDE MATERIAL

No guide material available at present.

§192.907
What must an operator do to implement this subpart?
[Effective Date: 2-14-04]

(a) General. No later than December 17, 2004, an operator of a covered pipeline segment must
develop and follow a written integrity management program that contains all the elements described
in §192.911 and that addresses the risks on each covered transmission pipeline segment. The initial
integrity management program must consist, at a minimum, of a framework that describes the
process for implementing each program element, how relevant decisions will be made and by whom,
a time line for completing the work to implement the program element, and how information gained
from experience will be continuously incorporated into the program. The framework will evolve into a
more detailed and comprehensive program. An operator must make continual improvements to the
program.
(b) Implementation Standards. In carrying out this subpart, an operator must follow the
requirements of this subpart and of ASME/ANSI B31.8S (ibr, see §192.7) and its appendices, where
specified. An operator may follow an equivalent standard or practice only when the operator
demonstrates the alternative standard or practice provides an equivalent level of safety to the public
and property. In the event of a conflict between this subpart and ASME/ANSI B31.8S, the
requirements in this subpart control.

[Issued by Amdt. 192-95, 68 FR 69778, Dec. 15, 2003 with Amdt. 192-95 Correction, 69 FR 2307, Jan
15, 2004]
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GUIDE MATERIAL

1 WRITTEN PROGRAM

1.1 General.
A written program provides a road map for assessment, integration and analysis of data, and courses
of action available in managing pipeline integrity. The program can incorporate or reference existing
policies and procedures that may address the elements listed in §192.911. The operator should

Addendum No. 5, May 2006 262(l)

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 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND §192.907
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART O

consider conducting a gap analysis between current policies and procedures and the requirements of
Subpart O to determine if additional plans, processes, or procedures may be required.

1.2 Development.
The operator should consider the following when developing its Integrity Management Program (IMP).
(a) Existing operations and maintenance procedures.
(b) Existing management systems (e.g., quality assurance and management of change).
(c) Existing environmental and safety programs.
(d) The “FAQs” from the OPS website at http://primis.phmsa.dot.gov/gasimp/faqlist.gim.
(e) The “Inspection Protocols” from the OPS website at
http://primis.phmsa.dot.gov/gasimp/prolist.gim.
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(f) The process “Flowcharts” from the OPS website at http://primis.phmsa.dot.gov/gasimp/.

1.3 References.
(a) “Pipeline Risk Management Manual,” W. Kent Muhlbauer, Gulf Professional Publishing,
ISBN: 0-7506-7579-9.
(b) GPTC-Z380-TR-1, “Review of Integrity Management for Natural Gas Transmission Pipelines,” an
ANSI Technical Report by GPTC (AGA Catalog Number X69806).

2 OPERATORS WITH NO HCAs

Operators that have determined that there are no HCAs should document how that determination was
made. The operator must develop a written process for identifying new HCAs. See guide material
under §192.905. If HCAs are subsequently discovered, the operator is required to develop an IMP.

3 INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

3.1 General.
Subpart O requires use of the following documents, which are incorporated by reference in §192.7.
(a) ASME B31.8S, “Supplement to B31.8 on Managing System Integrity of Gas Pipelines.”
(b) NACE RP0502, “Pipeline External Corrosion Direct Assessment Methodology.”

An operator must meet the requirements of Subpart O and the referenced sections of these
documents. In the event of a conflict between ASME B31.8S and NACE RP0502, the more stringent
requirement should be followed.

3.2 ASME B31.8S.

(a) This standard contains non-mandatory “should” statements. The operator should evaluate each
of these and take appropriate action. The operator may choose alternative practices; however,
the operator should document the justification for doing so. Considerations might include the
following.
(1) Acceptable levels of safety and integrity.
(2) Appropriateness to conditions.
(3) Technological improvements.
(b) Appendices A and B2 of this standard are titled as “non-mandatory”; however, the requirements
of these appendices are mandatory because Subpart O specifically incorporates them.
(c) “Must” and “shall” statements in this standard are mandatory.
(d) References in Subpart O to ASME B31.8S are listed below in Table 192.907i.

Addendum No. 5, May 2006 262(l-1)

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 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND §192.907
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART O

SUMMARY OF INCORPORATED REFERENCES TO ASME B31.8S

ASME B31.8S Subpart O References
General §§192.907(b); 192.911; 192.913(a), (b)(1), & (c); 192.935(b)(1)(iv)
Section 2 §192.917(a)
Section 3.2 §192.903 - definition of potential impact radius
Section 4 §192.917(b) & (d)
§§192.917(c) & (d); 192.921(a)(2); 192.935(a); 192.937(c)(2);
Section 5
192.939(a)(1)(ii) & (a)(3)
Section 6.2 §§192.921(a)(1); 192.937(c)(1)
§§192.923(b)(1) & (b)(2); 192.925(b), (b)(1), (b)(2), (b)(3), & (b)(4);
Section 6.4
192.927(b)
Section 7 §192.933(c) & (d)(1)
Section 9 §192.911(i)
Section 9.4 §192.945(a)
Section 10 §192.911(m)
Section 11 §192.911(k)
Section 12 §192.911(l)
Appendix A §§192.917(b); 192.945(a)
Appendix A2 §192.927(c)(1)(i)
Appendix A3 §§192.923(b)(3); 192.929(b)(1) & (b)(2)
Appendix A3.3 §192.929(b)(1)
Appendix A3.4 §192.929(b)(2)
Appendices A4.3 & A4.4 §192.917(e)(4)
Appendix A7 §192.917(e)(1)
Appendix B2 §§192.923(b)(2); 192.927(b)

TABLE 192.907i

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Addendum No. 5, May 2006 262(l-2)

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 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND §192.909
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART O

§192.909
How can an operator change its integrity management program?
[Effective Date: 4-6-04]

(a) General. An operator must document any change to its program and the reasons for the
change before implementing the change.
(b) Notification. An operator must notify OPS, in accordance with §192.949, of any change to the
program that may substantially affect the program’s implementation or may significantly modify the
program or schedule for carrying out the program elements. An operator must also notify a State or
local pipeline safety authority when either a covered segment is located in a State where OPS has an
interstate agent agreement, or an intrastate covered segment is regulated by that State. An operator
must provide the notification within 30 days after adopting this type of change into its program.

[Issued by Amdt. 192-95, 68 FR 69778, Dec. 15, 2003 with Amdt. 192-95 Correction, 69 FR 2307, Jan
15, 2004 and Amdt. 192-95 Correction & Petition for Reconsideration, 69 FR 18228, Apr. 6, 2004]
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GUIDE MATERIAL

1 CHANGES TO BE DOCUMENTED

It is anticipated that there will be a number of changes over time to an operator’s Integrity Management
Program (IMP). Documentation of changes and the reasons for them should include decisions,
analyses, and processes used to change elements of the IMP. The operator should maintain previous
versions of the IMP for the life of the pipeline. See guide material under §192.947. This documentation
can be in electronic format. Factors that might cause a change to the IMP include the following.
(a) Information obtained from the integrity assessments.
(b) Operating experience.
(c) The operator’s understanding about the specific integrity threats and the relative importance of
those threats may change.
(d) The operator’s understanding about a specific integrity assessment tool changes, and the operator
chooses to use another type.
(e) Risks are different than previously understood and an operator needs to reprioritize assessments.
(f) Identification of a new HCA, which adjusts the baseline assessment plan.
(g) Development of additional program elements.

2 NOTIFICATION

When applicable, notification of program changes is required to OPS (and typically providing an
informational copy to the state). Where OPS has an interstate agent agreement, or an intrastate covered
segment is regulated by that state, the operator must also notify the state pipeline safety authority. A
reference for state contacts is available at http://www.napsr.org.

2.1 Changes requiring notification.

Examples of situations that may lead to changes substantially affecting program implementation, or
significantly modifying the program or schedule, are as follows.
(a) An incident on a lower-risk pipeline that would cause a reprioritization of the assessment schedule.
(b) Changes that affect the overall manner in which an operator is conducting its IMP.
(c) A merger of two companies that causes reprioritization of the assessment schedule under the
merged IMP.
(d) Circumstances that would keep an operator from achieving the 2007 or 2012 assessment deadlines
(e.g., weather or permit delays).

Addendum No. 5, May 2006 262(l-3)

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 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND §192.909
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART O

Notification should include the changes to the program and reasons for such changes. See guide
material under §192.949.

2.2 Changes not requiring notification.

Minor changes that do not significantly affect program implementation or plans for carrying out program
elements do not require a notification. Examples include the following.
(a) Editorial revisions.
(b) Schedule changes due to weather or permit delays that have no impact on meeting deadlines.
(c) Priority changes due to updated risk assessment information.

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Addendum No. 5, May 2006 262(l-4)

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 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND §192.921
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART O

[Issued by Amdt. 192-95, 68 FR 69778, Dec. 15, 2003 with Amdt. 192-95 Correction, 69 FR 2307, Jan
15, 2004 and Amdt. 192-95 Correction & Petition for Reconsideration, 69 FR 18228, Apr. 6, 2004]

GUIDE MATERIAL

No guide material available at present.

§192.923
How is direct assessment used and for what threats?
[Effective Date: 2-14-04]

(a) General. An operator may use direct assessment either as a primary assessment method or
as a supplement to the other assessment methods allowed under this subpart. An operator may only
use direct assessment as the primary assessment method to address the identified threats of
external corrosion (ECDA), internal corrosion (ICDA), and stress corrosion cracking (SCCDA).
(b) Primary Method. An operator using direct assessment as a primary assessment method
must have a plan that complies with the requirements in —
(1) ASME/ANSI B31.8S (ibr, see §192.7), section 6.4; NACE RP0502-2002 (ibr, see §192.7);
and §192.925 if addressing external corrosion (ECDA).
(2) ASME/ANSI B31.8S, section 6.4 and Appendix B2, and §192.927 if addressing internal
corrosion (ICDA).
(3) ASME/ANSI B31.8S Appendix A3, and §192.929 if addressing stress corrosion cracking
(SCCDA).
(c) Supplemental method. An operator using direct assessment as a supplemental assessment
method for any applicable threat must have a plan that follows the requirements for confirmatory
direct assessment in §192.931.

[Issued by Amdt. 192-95, 68 FR 69778, Dec. 15, 2003 with Amdt. 192-95 Correction, 69 FR 2307, Jan
15, 2004]

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Addendum No. 5, May 2006 262(s)
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 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND §192.923
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GUIDE MATERIAL

1 GENERAL

(a) Direct Assessment (DA) is a structured process for assessing buried, onshore steel pipelines. This
process is comprised of multiple, interdependent steps, which include the following.
(1) Gathering and integration of data.
(2) Indirect examination.
(3) Direct examination.
(4) Post-assessment evaluation.
(b) See guide material under §§192.925, 192.927, and 192.929.

2 DIRECT ASSESSMENT PLAN

(a) Only operators that use DA need to prepare a written DA plan.

(b) An operator’s DA plan should include a written statement, procedure, or other document addressing
each specific step of the DA methodology. The plan can be multiple binders with relevant plan
sections kept at appropriate locations. Other documents (or applicable sections) may be referenced.
The referenced documents should be readily available to the users.
(c) DA plans will vary in length and complexity depending upon an operator’s size, locale, policies, and
amount of pipeline to be assessed. An operator may choose to have a single DA plan for all, or a
separate DA plan for each, of the three corrosion threats: external, internal, and stress corrosion
cracking.

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 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND §192.925
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART O

§192.925
What are the requirements for using
External Corrosion Direct Assessment (ECDA)?
[Effective Date: 5-26-04]

(a) Definition. ECDA is a four-step process that combines preassessment, indirect inspection,
direct examination, and post assessment to evaluate the threat of external corrosion to the integrity
of a pipeline.
(b) General requirements. An operator that uses direct assessment to assess the threat of
external corrosion must follow the requirements in this section, in ASME/ANSI B31.8S (ibr, see
§192.7), section 6.4, and in NACE RP0502–2002 (ibr, see §192.7). An operator must develop and
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implement a direct assessment plan that has procedures addressing preassessment, indirect
examination, direct examination, and post-assessment. If the ECDA detects pipeline coating damage,
the operator must also integrate the data from the ECDA with other information from the data
integration (§192.917(b)) to evaluate the covered segment for the threat of third party damage, and to
address the threat as required by §192.917(e)(1).
(1) Preassessment. In addition to the requirements in ASME/ANSI B31.8S section 6.4 and
NACE RP0502–2002, section 3, the plan’s procedures for preassessment must include —
(i) Provisions for applying more restrictive criteria when conducting ECDA for the first
time on a covered segment; and
(ii) The basis on which an operator selects at least two different, but complementary
indirect assessment tools to assess each ECDA Region. If an operator utilizes an indirect inspection
method that is not discussed in Appendix A of NACE RP0502–2002, the operator must demonstrate
the applicability, validation basis, equipment used, application procedure, and utilization of data for
the inspection method.
(2) Indirect examination. In addition to the requirements in ASME/ANSI B31.8S section 6.4
and NACE RP0502–2002, section 4, the plan’s procedures for indirect examination of the ECDA
regions must include —
(i) Provisions for applying more restrictive criteria when conducting ECDA for the first
time on a covered segment;
(ii) Criteria for identifying and documenting those indications that must be considered
for excavation and direct examination. Minimum identification criteria include the known sensitivities
of assessment tools, the procedures for using each tool, and the approach to be used for decreasing
the physical spacing of indirect assessment tool readings when the presence of a defect is
suspected;
(iii) Criteria for defining the urgency of excavation and direct examination of each
indication identified during the indirect examination. These criteria must specify how an operator will
define the urgency of excavating the indication as immediate, scheduled or monitored; and
(iv) Criteria for scheduling excavation of indications for each urgency level.
(3) Direct examination. In addition to the requirements in ASME/ANSI B31.8S section 6.4 and
NACE RP0502–2002, section 5, the plan’s procedures for direct examination of indications from the
indirect examination must include —
(i) Provisions for applying more restrictive criteria when conducting ECDA for the first
time on a covered segment;
(ii) Criteria for deciding what action should be taken if either:
(A) Corrosion defects are discovered that exceed allowable limits (Section
5.5.2.2 of NACE RP0502–2002), or
(B) Root cause analysis reveals conditions for which ECDA is not suitable (Section
5.6.2 of NACE RP0502–2002);
(iii) Criteria and notification procedures for any changes in the ECDA Plan, including
changes that affect the severity classification, the priority of direct examination, and the time frame

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 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND §192.925
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART O

for direct examination of indications; and

(iv) Criteria that describe how and on what basis an operator will reclassify and
reprioritize any of the provisions that are specified in section 5.9 of NACE RP0502–2002.
(4) Post assessment and continuing evaluation. In addition to the requirements in
ASME/ANSI B31.8S section 6.4 and NACE RP0502–2002, section 6, the plan’s procedures for post
assessment of the effectiveness of the ECDA process must include —
(i) Measures for evaluating the long-term effectiveness of ECDA in addressing
external corrosion in covered segments; and
(ii) Criteria for evaluating whether conditions discovered by direct examination of
indications in each ECDA region indicate a need for reassessment of the covered segment at an
interval less than that specified in §192.939. (See Appendix D of NACE RP0502–2002.)

[Issued by Amdt. 192-95, 68 FR 69778, Dec. 15, 2003 with Amdt. 192-95 Correction, 69 FR 2307, Jan
15, 2004, Amdt. 192-95 Correction & Petition for Reconsideration, 69 FR 18228, Apr. 6, 2004 and
Amdt. 192-95 Correction, 69 FR 29903, May 26, 2004]

Addendum No. 5, May 2006

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 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND §192.935
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART O

(2) Outside force damage. If an operator determines that outside force (e.g., earth
movement, floods, unstable suspension bridge) is a threat to the integrity of a covered segment, the
operator must take measures to minimize the consequences to the covered segment from outside
force damage. These measures include, but are not limited to, increasing the frequency of aerial, foot
or other methods of patrols, adding external protection, reducing external stress, and relocating the
line.
(c) Automatic shut-off valves (ASV) or Remote control valves (RCV). If an operator determines,
based on a risk analysis, that an ASV or RCV would be an efficient means of adding protection to a
high consequence area in the event of a gas release, an operator must install the ASV or RCV. In
making that determination, an operator must, at least, consider the following factors — swiftness of
leak detection and pipe shutdown capabilities, the type of gas being transported, operating pressure,
the rate of potential release, pipeline profile, the potential for ignition, and location of nearest
response personnel.
(d) Pipelines operating below 30% SMYS. An operator of a transmission pipeline operating
below 30% SMYS located in a high consequence area must follow the requirements in paragraphs
(d)(1) and (d)(2) of this section. An operator of a transmission pipeline operating below 30% SMYS
located in a Class 3 or Class 4 area but not in a high consequence area must follow the requirements
in paragraphs (d)(1), (d)(2) and (d)(3) of this section.
(1) Apply the requirements in paragraphs (b)(1)(i) and (b)(1)(iii) of this section to the
pipeline; and
(2) Either monitor excavations near the pipeline, or conduct patrols as required by §192.705
of the pipeline at bi-monthly intervals. If an operator finds any indication of unreported construction
activity, the operator must conduct a follow up investigation to determine if mechanical damage has
occurred.
(3) Perform semi-annual leak surveys (quarterly for unprotected pipelines or cathodically
protected pipe where electrical surveys are impractical).
(e) Plastic transmission pipeline. An operator of a plastic transmission pipeline must apply the
requirements in paragraphs (b)(1)(i), (b)(1)(iii) and (b)(1)(iv) of this section to the covered segments
of the pipeline.
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[Issued by Amdt. 192-95, 68 FR 69778, Dec. 15, 2003 with Amdt. 192-95 Correction, 69 FR 2307, Jan
15, 2004, Amdt. 192-95 Correction & Petition for Reconsideration, 69 FR 18228, Apr. 6, 2004 and
Amdt. 192-95 Correction, 69 FR 29903, May 26, 2004]

Addendum No. 5, May 2006 262(aa)

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 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND §192.935
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART O

GUIDE MATERIAL

1 ADDITIONAL PREVENTIVE AND MITIGATIVE (P&M) MEASURES (§192.935(a) and (c))

To comply with §192.935, an operator must conduct a risk analysis of all pipelines within HCAs, and
determine for each applicable threat on each covered segment whether any of the following (which
exceed the requirements of other subparts of Part 192) will prevent pipeline failure or mitigate the
consequences of such a failure.
(a) Installation of an automatic shut-off valve (ASV) or a remote control valve (RCV).
(1) To comply with §192.935(c), an operator must consider the following factors in determining if an
ASV or RCV would be an efficient means of adding protection in an HCA.
(i) Swiftness of leak detection. Example: There may be no advantage to installing an ASV or
RCV on segments where adequate SCADA or other monitoring methods allow for quick
operator response to leakage.
(ii) Shutdown capabilities in the area. Example: An ASV or RCV might not make shutdown
any faster or easier in locations where adequate valving and easy access already exists.
(iii) Type of gas. Example: An ASV or RCV might mitigate the environmental impact of
leakage on a pipeline carrying heavier-than-air gases.
(iv) Operating pressure. Example: Higher-pressure lines hold a larger volume of gas. An ASV
or RCV on such a line may reduce the volume of release and potential for ignition.
(v) Potential release rate. Example: Installing an ASV or RCV may affect the duration of the
potential release rate.
(vi) Pipeline profile. Example: Heavier-than-air gases can pool in low elevation spots. An ASV
or RCV in such locations may allow faster shut off and, therefore, less accumulation of
gas.
(vii) Potential for ignition. Example: Areas that have known sources of ignition (e.g., foundries)
might benefit from an ASV or RCV.
(viii) Location of nearest response personnel. Example: Locations where operator response is
timely may not benefit from the installation of an ASV or RCV.
(2) An operator may also consider the following.
(i) Seasonal weather restrictions that can impede access.
(ii) Depth of pipe as it relates to access for squeeze-off.
(iii) River crossings or other geographical features that affect access for maintenance or
response.
(iv) Proximity of the HCA to existing valves.
(v) Population density.
(vi) Wide pressure fluctuations due to normal operating conditions (e.g., power plant
locations).
(vii) Maintenance, reliability, and cost-benefit issues.
(b) Installation of computerized monitoring and leak detection systems.
An operator may consider the following, which could provide earlier leak or pipeline rupture
detection.
(1) Increasing the locations monitored by SCADA.
(2) Automating data gathering from other monitoring devices such as pressure transmitters.
(c) Replacing pipe with that of heavier wall thickness, which is more resistant to damage from external
forces.
(d) Providing additional training on response procedures.
An operator may consider the following.
(1) Increasing the frequency of emergency response training.
(2) Conducting tabletop or field drills.
(3) Hiring a third party with expertise in emergency response to conduct training.
(4) Attending emergency response training offered by industry associations.

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262(ab)
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DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART O

(e) Conducting drills with local emergency responders.

The operator may consider the following.
(1) Including the drill as part of liaison meetings with emergency responders.
(2) Working with local multi-agency, emergency coordination groups.
(3) Incorporating the drill into local fire or police academy curriculum.
(f) Implementing additional inspection and maintenance programs.
The operator may consider the following.
(1) Increasing leak survey frequencies.
(2) Increasing patrol frequencies.
(3) Using procedures with more stringent criteria than required by the Regulations.
(4) Increasing facility inspection frequencies.

2 THIRD PARTY DAMAGE (§192.935(b)(1))

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To comply with §192.935(b)(1) for the specific threat of third party damage, an operator must do the
following.
(a) Qualify personnel to conduct the following activities related to work the operator is conducting in a
covered segment.
(1) Locating the pipeline.
(2) Marking the pipeline.
(3) Directly supervising known excavation work. A qualification for this activity might include the
following.
(i) Recognition of line-locate markings.
(ii) Knowledge of One-Call requirements.
(iii) Knowledge of operator’s applicable procedures, including emergency response.
(iv) Understanding the risks of various excavation methods.
(4) Other activities that could adversely affect the integrity of the pipeline.
(b) Use a central database to collect the following.
(1) Excavation damage information for covered and non-covered segments. This might include the
following.
(i) Number of leaks or ruptures.
(ii) Number of known damages not resulting in leaks or ruptures.
(iii) Excavation method.
(iv) Name of excavator causing damage.
(2) Root cause analysis data to identify targeted P&M measures for HCAs. This might include the
number of damages where:
(i) No line locate was requested.
(ii) Line was incorrectly marked.
(iii) Line was not marked.
(iv) Construction procedures were not followed correctly (e.g., exposing lines during boring).
(3) Damage data that is not DOT reportable (reference Part 191 requirements). This might include
known items such as the following.
(i) Dents.
(ii) Gouges.
(iii) Coating damage.
(iv) Damage to pipeline supports or river anchors.
(c) Participate in a One-Call program wherever there are covered segments.

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 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND §192.935
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART O

(d) Monitor excavations on covered segments. An operator may want to consider the following.
(1) Mapping HCAs so field personnel can easily recognize when they are in an area that requires
monitoring.
(2) Creating a business process that alerts the appropriate departments of pending excavations.
(3) Working with the local One-Call center to notify excavators and operators when monitoring is
required.
(4) Training line locators to notify appropriate personnel when they know work will take place in an
HCA.
(5) Documenting excavation monitoring using one or more of the following.
(i) Time card accounting.
(ii) Special forms.
(iii) Time-stamped electronic data.
(iv) Maps.
(e) When there is physical evidence of an excavation near a covered segment that the operator did not
monitor, either excavate the area or conduct an aboveground survey as defined in NACE RP-0502-
2002 (e.g., DCVG). Examples of how to identify an encroachment might include the following.
(1) New pavement patches.
(2) Heavy equipment on site.
(3) Disturbed earth.
(4) New structures requiring excavation (e.g., fence posts, telephone poles, buildings, slabs).
(5) Exposed pipe.
(6) New landscaping.
(7) One-Call documentation.

Addendum No. 5, May 2006 262(ab-2)

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 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND §192.935
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART O

3 OUTSIDE FORCE DAMAGE (§192.935(b)(2))

To comply with §192.935(b)(2) for the specific threat of outside force damage (e.g., earth movement,
floods, unstable suspension bridge), an operator must take additional measures to minimize the
consequences of outside force.
(a) The measures include the following.
(1) Increasing the frequency of patrols. This may allow faster recognition of damage.
(2) Adding external protection. This might include the following.
(i) Installing fencing or other barriers to impede earth movement.
(ii) External slabs or additional cover.
(3) Reducing external stress. This might include the following.
(i) Installing expansion joints.
(ii) Removing overburden.
(4) Relocating the pipeline to an area with less exposure to outside forces. This might include
lowering or raising the pipeline.
(b) An operator may also consider installing the following.
(1) River anchors where appropriate.
(2) Elevated relief or vent stacks on regulator stations.
(3) Additional bridge hangers or pipe supports.

4 PIPELINES OPERATING BELOW 30% SMYS (§192.935(d))

Pipelines operating below 30% SMYS have additional requirements as follows.

(a) For all Class locations in an HCA, the following apply.
(1) Qualify personnel to conduct the following activities related to work the operator is conducting in
a covered segment.
(i) Locating the pipeline.
(ii) Marking the pipeline.
(iii) Directly supervising known excavation work. A qualification for this activity might include
the following.
(A) Recognition of line-locate markings.
(B) Knowledge of One-Call requirements.
(C) Knowledge of operator’s applicable procedures, including emergency response.
(D) Understanding the risks of various excavation methods.
(iv) Other activities that could adversely affect the integrity of the pipeline.
(2) Participate in a One-Call program wherever there are covered segments.
(3) Either monitor excavations near the pipeline, or conduct patrols on a bi-monthly frequency. Any
indication of unreported construction activity requires an investigation to determine if any
damage has occurred.
(b) For Class 3 or Class 4 areas outside of an HCA.
(1) Qualify personnel to conduct the following activities related to work the operator is conducting in
covered segment.
(i) Locating the pipeline.
(ii) Marking the pipeline.
(iii) Directly supervising known excavation work. A qualification for this activity might include
the following.
(A) Recognition of line-locate markings.
(B) Knowledge of One-Call requirements.
(C) Knowledge of operator’s applicable procedures, including emergency response.
(D) Understanding the risks of various excavation methods.
(iv) Other activities that could adversely affect the integrity of the pipeline.
(2) Participate in a One-Call program wherever there are covered segments.

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 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND §192.935
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART O

(3) Either monitor excavations near the pipeline, or conduct patrols on a bi-monthly frequency. Any
indication of unreported construction activity requires an investigation to determine if any
damage has occurred.
(4) Perform semi-annual leak surveys. For unprotected or cathodically protected pipe where
electrical surveys are impractical, perform quarterly leak surveys.
(c) See Table 192.935i.

5 PLASTIC TRANSMISSION LINES (§192.935(e))

Plastic transmission lines have additional requirements as follows.

(a) Qualify personnel to conduct the following activities related to work the operator is conducting in a
covered segment.
(1) Locating the pipeline.
(2) Marking the pipeline.
(3) Directly supervising known excavation work. A qualification for this activity might include the
following.
(i) Recognition of line-locate markings.
(ii) Knowledge of One-Call requirements.
(iii) Knowledge of operator’s applicable procedures, including emergency response.
(iv) Understanding the risks of various excavation methods.
(4) Other activities that could adversely affect the integrity of the pipeline.
(b) Participate in a One-Call program wherever there are covered segments.
(c) Monitor excavations on covered segments. An operator may want to consider the following.
(1) Mapping HCAs so field personnel can easily recognize when they are in an area that requires
monitoring.
(2) Creating a business process that alerts the appropriate departments of pending excavations.
(3) Working with the local One-Call center to notify excavators and operators when monitoring is
required.
(4) Training line locators to notify appropriate personnel when they know work will take place in an
HCA.
(5) Documenting excavation monitoring by using one or more of the following.
(i) Time card accounting.

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(ii) Special forms.
(iii) Time-stamped electronic data.
(iv) Maps.
(d) When there is physical evidence of an encroachment on a covered segment that the operator did
not monitor, excavate the area to determine if any damage has occurred. Examples of how to
identify an encroachment include the following.
(1) New pavement patches.
(2) Heavy equipment on site.
(3) Disturbed earth.
(4) New structures requiring excavation (e.g., fence posts, telephone poles, buildings, slabs).
(5) Exposed pipe.
(6) New landscaping.
(7) One-call documentation.
(e) See Table 192.935i.

Addendum No. 5, May 2006 262(ab-4)

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 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND §192.935
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART O

ADDITIONAL P&M MEASURES FOR

TRANSMISSION PIPELINES OPERATING BELOW 30% SMYS AND
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PLASTIC TRANSMISSION LINES

Use Additional
General Participate Monitor Excavations
Location Qualified Leak
Requirements in One-Call or Additional Patrol
Personnel Survey
Class 1 & 2 X X X X
in HCA

Class 1 & 2
outside HCA

Class 3 & 4 X X X X
in HCA

Class 3 & 4 X X X X
outside HCA

Plastic X X X X (monitor only)*

Transmission

*The option of patrolling is not available for plastic transmission lines.

TABLE 192.935i

§192.937
What is a continual process of evaluation and assessment to
maintain a pipeline’s integrity?
[Effective Date: 4-6-04]

(a) General. After completing the baseline integrity assessment of a covered segment, an
operator must continue to assess the line pipe of that segment at the intervals specified in §192.939
and periodically evaluate the integrity of each covered pipeline segment as provided in paragraph (b)
of this section. An operator must reassess a covered segment on which a prior assessment is
credited as a baseline under §192.921(e) by no later than December 17, 2009. An operator must
reassess a covered segment on which a baseline assessment is conducted during the baseline
period specified in §192.921(d) by no later than seven years after the baseline assessment of that
covered segment unless the evaluation under paragraph (b) of this section indicates earlier
reassessment.
(b) Evaluation. An operator must conduct a periodic evaluation as frequently as needed to
assure the integrity of each covered segment. The periodic evaluation must be based on a data
integration and risk assessment of the entire pipeline as specified in §192.917. For plastic
transmission pipelines, the periodic evaluation is based on the threat analysis specified in
192.917(d). For all other transmission pipelines, the evaluation must consider the past and present
integrity assessment results, data integration and risk assessment information (§192.917), and
decisions about remediation (§192.933) and additional preventive and mitigative actions (§192.935).
An operator must use the results from this evaluation to identify the threats specific to each covered
segment and the risk represented by these threats.

Addendum No. 5, May 2006 262(ab-5)

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 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND §192.937
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART O

(c) Assessment methods. In conducting the integrity reassessment, an operator must assess
the integrity of the line pipe in the covered segment by any of the following methods as appropriate
for the threats to which the covered segment is susceptible (see §192.917), or by confirmatory direct
assessment under the conditions specified in §192.931.
(1) Internal inspection tool or tools capable of detecting corrosion, and any other threats to
which the covered segment is susceptible. An operator must follow ASME/ANSI B31.8S (ibr, see
§192.7), section 6.2 in selecting the appropriate internal inspection tools for the covered segment.
(2) Pressure test conducted in accordance with subpart J of this part. An operator must use
the test pressures specified in Table 3 of section 5 of ASME/ANSI B31.8S, to justify an extended
reassessment interval in accordance with §192.939.
(3) Direct assessment to address threats of external corrosion, internal corrosion, or stress
corrosion cracking. An operator must conduct the direct assessment in accordance with the
requirements listed in §192.923 and with as applicable, the requirements specified in §§192.925,
192.927 or 192.929;
(4) Other technology that an operator demonstrates can provide an equivalent
understanding of the condition of the line pipe. An operator choosing this option must notify the
Office of Pipeline Safety (OPS) 180 days before conducting the assessment, in accordance with
§192.949. An operator must also notify a State or local pipeline safety authority when either a
covered segment is located in a State where OPS has an interstate agent agreement, or an intrastate
covered segment is regulated by that State.
(5) Confirmatory direct assessment when used on a covered segment that is scheduled for
reassessment at a period longer than seven years. An operator using this reassessment method
must comply with §192.931.

[Issued by Amdt. 192-95, 68 FR 69778, Dec. 15, 2003 with Amdt. 192-95 Correction, 69 FR 2307, Jan
15, 2004 and Amdt. 192-95 Correction & Petition for Reconsideration, 69 FR 18228, Apr. 6, 2004]

GUIDE MATERIAL

No guide material available at present.

§192.939
What are the required reassessment intervals?
[Effective Date: 4-6-04]

An operator must comply with the following requirements in establishing the reassessment
interval for the operator’s covered pipeline segments.
(a) Pipelines operating at or above 30% SMYS. An operator must establish a reassessment
interval for each covered segment operating at or above 30% SMYS in accordance with the
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 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND §192.947
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART O

(a) Procedures for assessment methods.

(b) Criteria for evaluating assessment results.
(c) Tool selection criteria.
(d) Forms or other documentation of field data.

4 REGULATORY CORRESPONDENCE

Documentation of correspondence with OPS and state pipeline safety authorities relating to integrity
management issues should be retained.

§192.949
How does an operator notify OPS?
[Effective Date: 3-8-05]

An operator must provide any notification required by this subpart by —

(1) Sending the notification to the Information Resources Manager, Office of Pipeline Safety,
Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation, Room
7128, 400 Seventh Street, SW., Washington, DC 20590;
(2) Sending the notification to the Information Resources Manager by facsimile to (202) 366-
7128; or
(3) Entering the information directly on the Integrity Management Database (IMDB) web site
at http://primis.rspa.dot.gov/gasimp/.

[Issued by Amdt. 192-95, 68 FR 69778, Dec. 15, 2003 with Amdt. 192-95 Correction, 69 FR 2307, Jan
15, 2004; RIN 2137-AD77, 70 FR 11135, Mar. 8, 2005]

GUIDE MATERIAL

1 NOTIFICATION INFORMATION

See the following sections for information regarding specific notification requirements.
(a) Section 192.909, when the operator makes substantial changes to the Integrity Management
Program. Notifications include the following information.
(1) Operator name and ID.
(2) Description and reason for the program or schedule change.
(b) Sections 192.921 and 192.937, when the operator makes use of technologies for assessment
other than internal inspection tools, pressure tests, or direct assessment. Notifications include the
following information.
(1) Operator name and ID.
(2) Description and rationale for new technology.
(3) Where the technology will be used.
(4) Procedures for applying the technology.
(5) Procedures for qualifying persons performing the assessment and analyzing the results.
(c) Section 192.927, when ICDA is used to assess a covered segment with an electrolyte present in
the gas stream. Notifications include the following information.
(1) Operator name and ID.
(2) Description of system.
(3) Justification for using ICDA.
(4) How public safety will be maintained.
(d) Section 192.933, when the operator cannot meet the schedule and cannot provide safety through
temporary pressure reduction. Notifications include the following information.
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 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND §192.949
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition SUBPART O

(1) Operator name and ID.

(2) Reason why the schedule cannot be met or temporary pressure reduction cannot be
implemented.
(3) How public safety will be maintained.

2 NOTIFICATION METHODS

2.1 Notification to OPS.

An operator should use only one notification option to OPS; that is, by mail, telefacsimile, or online
submission. The website for online submission is http://primis.phmsa.dot.gov/gasimp.

2.2 Notification to state authorities.

Where OPS has an interstate agent agreement, or an intrastate covered segment is regulated by that
state, an operator must also notify the state pipeline safety authority. A reference for state contacts is
available at http://www.napsr.org.

3 REFERENCE

OPS Advisory Bulletin ADB-05-04 (70 FR 43939, July 29, 2005), accessible via the Federal Register
(FR) at www.gpoaccess.gov/fr/advanced.html.

§192.951
Where does an operator file a report?
[Effective Date3-8-05]

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An operator must send any performance report required by this subpart to the Information
Resources Manager —
(1) By mail to the Office of Pipeline Safety, Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety
Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation, Room 7128, 400 Seventh Street S.W.,
Washington, DC 20590;
(2) Via facsimile to (202) 366-7128; or
(3) Through the online reporting system provided by OPS for electronic reporting available
at the OPS Home Page at http://ops.dot.gov.

[Issued by Amdt. 192-95, 68 FR 69778, Dec. 15, 2003 with Amdt. 192-95 Correction, 69 FR 2307, Jan
15, 2004; RIN 2137-AD77, 70 FR 11135, Mar. 8, 2005]

GUIDE MATERIAL

1 REQUIRED REPORTS

See the following sections for information regarding specific reporting requirements.
(a) Section 192.945, regarding performance measures.
(b) Section 192.913, regarding additional performance measures for exceptional performance
programs.
(c) Sections 192.913 and 192.945 do not require reporting to state pipeline safety authorities. However,
intrastate operators should consider submitting a copy of the reports to their state authorities.

2 REPORTING METHOD

An operator should use only one reporting option to OPS; that is, by mail, via facsimile, or by going
online electronically. Use the website listed in §192.949 to obtain the current mailing address or facsimile
telephone number for notifications.
Addendum 5, May 2006
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 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND APPENDIX A
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition PART 192

Appendix A to Part 192

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(Removed and reserved.)

[Effective Date: 7-14-04]

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Reserved

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 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND Guide Material Appendix G-192-1
DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition

GUIDE MATERIAL APPENDIX G-192-1

SUMMARY OF REFERENCES AND RELATED SOURCES

(Reorganized and updated for 2003 Edition, Addendum No. 2)

CONTENTS

1 MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS, CODES, STANDARDS, AND OTHER DOCUMENTS

1.1 Pipe – Metallic
1.2 Pipe – Plastic [See "Plastic Related"]
1.3 Valves [See other related references under "Fittings – Flanged" and "Fittings – Miscellaneous"]
1.4 Fittings – Flanged
1.5 Fittings – Threaded
1.6 Fittings – Welded
1.7 Fittings – Miscellaneous
1.8 Bolts & Gaskets
1.9 Corrosion Related
1.10 Dimensional Standards
1.11 Plastic Related
1.12 Pressure & Flow Devices
1.13 Structure Steel & Supports
1.14 Other Documents

2 GOVERNMENTAL DOCUMENTS

3 TECHNICAL PAPERS & PUBLICATIONS

3.1 Emergency Related
3.2 Plastic Related
3.3 Uncased Pipe and Directional Drilling Related
3.4 Safety and Integrity Management Related

4 PUBLISHING ORGANIZATIONS

5 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION RESOURCES

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Reserved

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314
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 GPTC GUIDE FOR GAS TRANSMISSION AND Guide Material Appendix G-192-1
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1.14 OTHER DOCUMENTS

AGA X69804 Historical Collection of Natural Gas Pipeline Safety Forward

Regulations Editorial Notes

AGA XF0277 Classification of Gas Utility Areas for Electrical Installations §192.163

AGA XK0101 Purging Principles and Practice §192.629

§192.727
AGA XL8920 Attention Prioritizing and Pipe Replacement/Renewal §192.457
Decisions §192.703
App. G-192-18
AGA XQ0005 Odorization Manual §192.625

API RP 500 Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations at §192.163

Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class 1, Division 1 and
Division 2

API RP 1117 Movement of In-Service Pipelines §192.103

§192.703
APWA Excavator's Damage Prevention Guide and One-Call §192.614
Systems International Directory (includes Uniform Color
Code)

ASCE 428-5 Guidelines for the Seismic Design of Oil and Gas Pipeline §192.103
Systems (Discontinued)

ASME B31.1 Power Piping §192.141

ASME B31.2 Fuel Gas Piping

ASME B31.3 Process Piping §192.141

ASME B31.4 Pipeline Transportation Systems for Liquid Hydrocarbons

and Other Liquids

ASME B31.5 Refrigeration Piping and Heat Transfer Components §192.141

ASME B31.9 Building Services Piping

ASME Guide SI-1 ASME Orientation and Guide for Use of SI (Metric) Units App. G-192-M

ASTM D 6273 Standard Test Methods for Natural Gas Odor Intensity §192.625

ASTM E 84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building §192.163

Materials

AWS A3.0 Standard Welding Terms and Definitions §192.3

§192.221
CoGDEM Gas Detection and Calibration Guide App. G-192-11
App. G-192-11A
GPTC-Z380-TR-1 Review of Integrity Management for Natural Gas §192.907
Transmission Pipelines

Addendum No. 5, May 2006

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DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition

1.14 OTHER DOCUMENTS (Continued)

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GRI-91/0283 Guidelines for Pipelines Crossing Railroads §192.103

App. G-192-15
GRI-91/0284 Guidelines for Pipelines Crossing Highways §192.103
App. G-192-15
GRI-91/0285 Technical Summary and Database for Guidelines for App. G-192-15
Pipelines Crossing Railroads and Highways

GRI-91/0285.1 Executive Summary: Technical Summary and Database for App. G-192-15
Guidelines for Pipelines Crossing Railroads and Highways

IAPMO Uniform Plumbing Code §192.141

NCB Subsidence Engineers Handbook, National Coal Board App. G-192-13

Mining Department (U.K.), 1975

NFPA 10 Portable Fire Extinguishers

NFPA 14 Installation of Standpipe and Hose Systems §192.141

NFPA 24 Installation of Private Fire Service Mains and Their §192.141

Appurtenances

NFPA 54/ANSI Z223.1 National Fuel Gas Code Fig. 192.11A

Fig. 192.11B
NFPA 220 Types of Building Construction

NFPA 224 Homes and Camps in Forest Areas (Discontinued) §192.163

NFPA 921 Guide for Fire and Explosion Investigations §192.617

PRCI L22279 Further Studies of Two Methods for Repairing Defects in §192.713
Line Pipe

PRCI L51406 Pipeline Response to Buried Explosive Detonations App. G-192-16

PRCI L51574 Non-Conventional Means for Monitoring Pipelines in Areas App. G-192-13
of Soil Subsidence or Soil Movement

PRCI L51717 Pipeline In-Service Relocation Engineering Manual §192.703

PRCI L51740 Evaluation of the Structural Integrity of Cold Field-Bent Pipe §192.313

PRCI PC-PISCES Personal Computer - Pipeline Soil Crossing Evaluation App. G-192-15
System (PC-PISCES), Version 2.0 (Related to API RP
1102)

UL 723 Test for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building §192.163

Materials

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2 GOVERNMENTAL DOCUMENTS

NTSB Report Pipeline Accident Brief -- Fire and Explosion, Midwest Gas §192.613
PAB-98-02 Company, Waterloo, Iowa, October 17, 1994

NTSB Report Special Investigation Report -- Brittle-Like Cracking in §192.613

SIR-98-01 Plastic Pipe for Gas Service

OPS Common Ground -- Study of One-Call Systems and §192.614

Damage Prevention Best Practices, August 1999

OPS ADB-99-01 Advisory Bulletin -- Susceptibility of Certain Polyethylene §192.613

Pipe Manufactured by Century Utility Products, Inc. to
Premature Failure Due to Brittle-Like Cracking (64 FR
12211, Mar. 11, 1999)
OPS ADB-99-02 Advisory Bulletin -- Potential Susceptibility of Plastic Pipe §192.613
Installed Between the [Years] 1960 and the Early 1980s to
Premature Failure Due to Brittle-Like Cracking (64 FR
12212, Mar. 11, 1999)
OPS ADB-02-06 Advisory Bulletin -- Definition of Onshore Gas Gathering §192.9
Lines (67 FR 64447, Oct. 18, 2002)

OPS ADB-02-07 Advisory Bulletin -- Notification of the Susceptibility to §192.613

Premature Brittle-Like Cracking of Older Plastic Pipe (67
FR 70806, Nov. 26, 2002 with Correction, 67 FR 72027,
Dec. 3, 2002)

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OPS ADB-05-04 Advisory Bulletin - Notification Required by the Integrity §192.949
Management Regulations in 49 CFR Part 192, Subpart O
(70 FR 43939, July 29, 2005)

OPS-DOT.RSPA/DMT Safety Criteria for the Operation of Gaseous Hydrogen §192.1

10-85-1 Pipelines (Discontinued)

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DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS: 2003 Edition

3 TECHNICAL PAPERS & PUBLICATIONS

3.1 EMERGENCY RELATED

"First at the Scene" by J.M. Lennon, Director of Claims, Philadelphia Electric Company; §192.617
AGA Operating Section Proceedings - 1983.
"How to Protect the Company at the Scene of an Incident" by Robert E. Kennedy, Director §192.617
of Claims, Claim & Security Department, The Brooklyn Union Gas Company; AGA
Operating Section Proceedings - 1983.
3.2 PLASTIC RELATED
“An Evaluation of Polyamide 11 for Use in High Pressure/High Temperature Gas Piping §192.123
Systems,” T.J. Pitzi et al., 15th Plastic Fuel Gas Pipe Symposium Proceedings - 1997, p.
107.
"Correlating Aldyl 'A' and Century PE Pipe Rate Process Method Projections With Actual §192.613
Field Performance," E.F. Palermo, Ph.D., Plastics Pipes XII Conference, April 2004.
“Mechanical Integrity of Fusion Joints Made from Polyethylene Pipe Exposed to Heavy §192.123
Hydrocarbons,” S.M. Pimputkar, 14th Plastic Fuel Gas Pipe Symposium Proceedings -
1995, p. 141.
“Polyamide 11 Liners Withstand Hydrocarbons, High Temperature,” A. Berry, Pipeline & §192.123
Gas Journal, December 1998, p. 81.
“Prediction of Organic Chemical Permeation through PVC Pipe,” A.R. Berens, Research §192.123
Technology, November 1985, p. 57.
“Strength of Fusion Joints Made from Polyethylene Pipe Exposed to Heavy Hydrocarbons,” §192.123
S.M. Pimputkar, 15th Plastic Fuel Gas Pipe Symposium Proceedings - 1997, p. 309.
3.3 UNCASED PIPE AND DIRECTIONAL DRILLING RELATED
"Drilling Fluids in Pipeline Installation by Horizontal Directional Drilling - A Practical App. G-192-15A
Applications Manual," J.D. Hair & Associates, Inc., Cebo Holland B.V., 1994.
"Guidelines For A Successful Directional Crossing Bid Package," 1996 Directory of the App. G-192-15A
North American Trenchless Technology Contractors.
"Installation of Pipelines by Horizontal Directional Drilling, An Engineering Design Guide, " App. G-192-15A
Prepared for the Offshore and Onshore Design Applications Supervisory Committee, of the
PRCI, at the American Gas Association, J.D. Hair and Associates, Louis J. Cappozzolli
and Associates, Inc., Stress Engineering Services, Inc., January 15, 1995.
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"Measurement Techniques in Horizontal Directional Drilling," Ir. J. Gorter, N.V. App. G-192-15A
Nederlandse Gasunie, The Netherlands, February 1993.
"Piping Handbook," Fourth Edition, J.H. Walker and Sabin Crocker, 1930, McGraw-Hill App. G-192-15
Inc., New York, NY; data re-affirmed in Sixth Edition, published 1992.
3.4 SAFETY AND INTEGRITY MANAGEMENT RELATED
"Pipeline Risk Management Manual," W. Kent Muhlbauer, Elsevier/Gulf Professional §192.907
Publishing, ISBN: 0-7506-7579-9

Addendum No. 5, May 2006 324

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