B.E E&C SEVENTH SEMESTER SYLLABUS MICROWAVES AND ANTENNAS B.E., VII Semester, Electronics &Communication Engineering [As per Choice Based Credit System (CBCS) Scheme] Course Code 17EC71 CIE Marks | 40 Number of Lecture Hours/Week 04 SEE Marks | 60 Total Number of Lecture Hours | 50 (10 Hours / Module) | Exam Hours| 03 CREDITS - 04 Course objectives: This course will enable students to © Describe the microwave properties and its transmission media * Describe microwave devices for several applications * Understand the basics of antenna theory © Select antennas for specific applications Module-1 Microwave Tubes: Introduction, Reflex Klystron Oscillator, Mechanism of Oscillations, Modes of Oscillations, Mode Curve (Qualitative Analysis only). (Text 1: 9.1, 9.2.2) Microwave Transmission Lines: Microwave Frequencies, Microwave devices, Microwave Systems, Transmission Line equations and solutions, Reflection Coefficient and Transmission Coefficient, Standing Wave and Standing Wave Ratio, Smith Chart, Single Stub matching. (Text 2: 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.5, 3.6 Except Double stub matching) L1, L2 Module-2 Microwave Network theory: Symmetrical Z and Y-Parameters for Reciprocal Networks, S matrix representation of Multi-Port Networks. (Text 1: 6.1, 6.2, 6.3) Microwave Passive Devices: Coaxial Connectors and Adapters, Attenuators, Phase Shifters, Waveguide Tees, Magic tees. (Text 1: 6.4.2, 6.4.14, 6.4.15, 6.4.16) L1, L2 Module-3 Strip Lines: Introduction, Micro Strip lines, Parallel Strip lines, Coplanar Strip lines, Shielded Strip Lines. (Text 2: Chapter 11) Antenna Basics: Introduction, Basic Antenna Parameters, Patterns, Beam Area, Radiation Intensity, Beam Efficiency, Directivity and Gain, Antenna Apertures, Effective Height, Bandwidth, Radio Communication Link, Antenna Field Zones & Polarization. (Text 3: 2.1- 2.11, 2.13,2.15) Li, L2, L3 Module-4 102Point Sources and Arrays: Introduction, Point Sources, Power Patterns, Power Theorem, Radiation Intensity, Field Patterns, Phase Patterns, Arrays of Two Isotropic Point Sources, Pattern Multiplication, Linear Arrays of n Isotropic Point Sources of equal Amplitude and Spacing.(Text 3: 5.1- 5.11, 5.13) Electric Dipoles: Introduction, Short Electric Dipole, Fields of a Short Dipole (General and Far Field Analyses), Radiation Resistance of a Short Dipole, Thin Linear Antenna (Field Analyses), Radiation Resistances of Lambda/2 Antenna. (Text 3: 6.1 -6.6) LI, L2, L3, L4 Module-5 Loop and Horn Antenna: Introduction, Small loop, Comparison of Far fields of Small Loop and Short Dipole, The Loop Antenna General Case, Far field Patterns of Circular Loop Antenna with Uniform Current, Radiation Resistance of Loops, Directivity of Circular Loop Antennas with Uniform Current, Horn antennas Rectangular Horn Antennas. (Text 3: 7.1-7.8, 7.19, 7.20) Antenna Types: Helical Antenna, Helical Geometry, Practical Design Considerations of Helical Antenna, Yagi-Uda array, Parabola General Properties, Log Periodic Antenna. (Text 3: 8.3, 8.5, 8.8, 9.5, 11.7) L1, L2, L Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, students will be able to: * Describe the use and advantages of microwave transmission * Analyze various parameters related to microwave transmission lines and waveguides Identify microwave devices for several applications Analyze various antenna parameters necessary for building an RF system Recommend various antenna configurations according to the applications Text Books: 1, Microwave Engineering — Annapurna Das, Sisir K Das TMH Publication, 24, 2010. 2. Microwave Devices and circuits- Liao, Pearson Education. 3. Antennas and Wave Propagation, John D. Krauss, Ronald J Marhefka and Ahmad S Khan,4t Special Indian Edition , McGraw- Hill Education Pvt. Ltd., 2010. Reference Books: 1.Microwave Engineering - David M Pozar, John Wiley India Pvt. Ltd. 3Edn, 2008. 2. Microwave Engineering - Sushrut Das, Oxford Higher Education, 2"¢Edn, 2015. 3. Antennas and Wave Propagation - Harish and Sachidananda: Oxford University Press, 2007. 103DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING B.E., VII Semester, Electronics & Communication Engineering [As per Choice Based Credit System (CBCS) Scheme] Course Code 17EC72 CIE Marks | 40 Number of Lecture Hours/Week | 04 SEE Marks | 60 Total Number of Lecture ‘50 (10 Hours / Module) Exam 03 Hours Hours CREDITS - 04 |Course Objective The objectives of this course arc to: © Understand the fundamentals of digital image proce: ing Understand the image transform used in digital image processing Understand the image enhancement techniques used in digital image processing Understand the image restoration techniques and methods used in digital image processing © Understand the Morphological Operations and Segmentation used in digital image| processing Module-1 Digital Image Fundamentals: What is Digital Image Processing?, Origins of Digital Image Processing, Examples of fields that use DIP, Fundamental Steps in Digital Image Processing, Components of an Image Processing System, Elements of Visual Perception, Image Sensing and Acquisition, Image Sampling and Quantization, Some Basic Relationships Between Pixels, Linear and Nonlinear Operations. [Text: Chapter 1 and Chapter 2: Sections 2.1 to 2.5, 2.6.2] L1, L2 Module-2 Spatial Domain: Some Basic Intensity Transformation Functions, Histogram Processing, Fundamentals of Spatial Filtering, Smoothing Spatial Filters, Sharpening Spatial Filters Frequency Domain: Preliminary Concepts, The Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) of Two Variables, Properties of the 2-D DFT, Filtering in the Frequency Domain, Image Smoothing and Image Sharpening Using Frequency Domain Filters, Selective Filtering. (Text: Chapter 3: Sections 3.2 to 3.6 and Chapter 4: Sections 4.2, 4.5 to 4.10] L1, L2, L3 Module-3 Restoration: Noise models, Restoration in the Presence of Noise Only using Spatial Filtering and Frequency Domain Filtering, Linear, Position-Invariant Degradations, Estimating the Degradation Function, Inverse Filtering, Minimum Mean Square Error (Wiener) Filtering, Constrained Least Squares Filtering. [Text: Chapter 5: Sections 5.2, to 5.9] L1, L2, L3 Module-4 104Color Image Processing: Color Fundamentals, Color Models, Pseudocolor Image Processing. Wavelets: Background, Multiresolution Expansions. Morphological Image Processing: Preliminaries, Erosion and Dilation, Opening and Closing, The Hit-or-Miss Transforms, Some Basic Morphological Algorithms. [Text: Chapter 6: Sections 6.1 to 6.3, Chapter 7: Sections 7.1 and 7.2, Chapter 9: Sections 9.1 to 9.5] L1, L2, L3 Module-5 Segmentation: Point, Line, and Edge Detection, Thresholding, Region-Based Segmentation, Segmentation Using Morphological Watersheds. Representation and Description: Representation, Boundary descriptors. [Text: Chapter 10: Sections 10.2, to 10.5 and Chapter 11: Sections 11.1 and 11.2] 11, L2, L3 Course Outcomes: At the end of the course students should be able to: * Understand image formation and the role human visual system plays in perception of gray and color image data. * Apply image processing techniques in both the spatial and frequency (Fourier) domains. © Design image analysis techniques in the form of image segmentation and to evaluate the Methodologies for segmentation. * Conduct independent study and analysis of Image Enhancement techniques. Text Boo Digital Image Processing- Rafel C Gonzalez and Richard E. Woods, PHI 3rd Edition 2010, Reference Book 1, Digital Image Processing- S.Jayaraman, S.Esakkirajan, T.Veerakumar, Tata McGraw Hill 2014. 2. Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing-A. K. Jain, Pearson 2004 105POWER ELECTRONICS B.E., VII Semester, Electronics & Communication Engineering [As per Choice Based Credit System (CBCS) Scheme] Course Code 17EC73 CIE Marks 40 Number of Lecture 04 ‘SEE Marks 60 Hours/Week Total Number of 50 (10 Hours / Module) | Exam Hours 03 Lecture Hours CREDITS - 04 Course Objectives: This course will enable students to: * Understand the construction and working of various power devices. Study and analysis of thyristor circuits with different triggering conditions. Learn the applications of power devices in controlled rectifiers, converters and inverters. * Study of power electronics circuits under various load conditions. Module-1 Introduction - Applications of Power Electronics, Power Semiconductor Devices, Control Characteristics of Power Devices, types of Power Electronic Circuits, Peripheral Effects. Power Transistors: Power BJTs: Steady state characteristics. Power MOSFETs: device operation, switching characteristics, IGBTs: device operation, output and transfer characteristics, di/dt and dv/dt limitations. (Text 1) L1, L2 Module-2 Thyristors - Introduction, Principle of Operation of SCR, Static Anode-Cathode Characteristics of SCR, Two transisitor model of SCR, Gate Characteristics of SCR, Turn-ON Methods, Turn-OFF Mechanism, Turn-OFF Methods: Natural and Forced Commutation - Class A and Class B types, Gate Trigger Circuit: Resistance Firing Circuit, Resistance capacitance firing circuit, UJT Firing Circuit. (Text 2) L1, L2, L3 Module-3 Controlled Rectifiers - Introduction, Principle of Phase-Controlled Converter Operation, Single-Phase Full Converter with RL Load, Single-Phase Dual Converters, Single-Phase Semi Converter with RL load. AC Voltage Controllers - Introduction, Principles of ON-OFF Control, Principle of Phase Control, Single phase controllers with resistive and inductive loads. (Text 1) L1, L2, L3 Module-4 DC-DC Converters - Introduction, principle of step-down operation and it's analysis with RL load, principle of step-up operation, Step-up converter with a resistive load, Performance parameters, Converter classification, Switching mode regulators: Buck regulator, Boost regulator, Buck-Boost Regulators, Chopper circuit design. (Text 1) L1, L2 Module-5 Pulse Width Modulated Inverters- Introduction, principle of operation, performance parameters, Single phase bridge inverters, voltage control of single phase inverters, current source inverters, Variable DC-link inverter, Boost inverter, Inverter circuit design. Static Switches: Introduction, Single phase AC switches, DC Switches, Solid state relays, Microelectronic relays. (Text 1) L1, L2 ‘Course Outcomes: At the end of the course students should be able to: 106* Describe the characteristics of different power devices and identify the various applications associated with i Ilustrate the working of power circuit as DC-DC converter. Ilustrate the operation of inverter circuit and static switches. Determine the output response of a thyristor circuit with various triggering options. Determine the response of controlled rectifier with resistive and inductive loads. Evaluation of Internal Assessment Marks: It is suggested that at least 4 experiments of Power Electronics to be conducted by the students. This activity can be considered for the evaluation of 10 marks out of 40 Continuous Internal Evaluation marks, reserved for the other activities. Text Books: 1. Mohammad H Rashid, Power Electronics, Circuits, Devices and Applications, 34/4 Edition, Pearson Education Inc, 2014, ISBN: 978-93-325-1844-5. 2. M.D Singh and K B Khanchandani, Power Electronics, 2nd Edition, Tata Mc-Graw Hill, 2009, ISBN: 0070583897 Reference Books: 1. L. Umanand, Power Electronics, Essentials and Applications, John Wiley India Pvt. Ltd, 2009. Dr. P. S. Bimbhra, “Power Electronics”, Khanna Publishers, Delhi, 2012. P.C. Sen, “Modern Power Electronics”, S Chand & Co New Delhi, 2005. Earl Gose, Richard Johnsonbaugh, Steve Jost, Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis, ePub eBook. FON 107CRYPTOGRAPHY B.E., VII Semester, Electronics & Communication Engineering [As per Choice Based Credit System (CBCS) Scheme] Course Code 17EC744 CIE Marks [40 Number of Lecture | 03 SEE Marks (60 Hours/Week Total Number of | 40 (08 Hours / Module) Exam Hours | 03 Lecture Hours ‘CREDITS - 03 Course Objectives: This Course will enable students to: * Enable students to understand the basics of symmetric key and public key cryptography. « Equip students with some basic mathematical concepts and pseudorandom number generators required for cryptography. Enable students to authenticate and protect the encrypted data. Enrich knowledge about Email, IP and Web security Module-1 Basic Concepts of Number Theory and Finite Fields: Divisibility and the divisibility algorithm, Euclidean algorithm, Modular arithmetic, Groups, Rings and Fields, Finite fields of the form GF(p), Polynomial arithmetic, Finite fields of the form GF(2")(Text 1: Chapter 3) L1, L2 Module-2 Classical Encryption Techniques: Symmetric cipher model, Substitution techniques, Transposition techniques, Steganography (Text 1: Chapter 1) SYMMETRIC CIPHERS: Traditional Block Cipher structure, Data Encryption Standard (DES) (Text 1: Chapter 2: Section1, 2) L1, L2 Module-3 SYMMETRIC CIPHERS: The AES Cipher. (Text 1: Chapter 4: Section 2, 3, 4) Pseudo-Random-Sequence Generators and Stream Ciphers: Linear Congruential Generators, Linear Feedback Shift Registers, Design and analysis of stream ciphers, Stream ciphers using LFSRs (Text 2: Chapter 16: Section 1, 2, 3, 4) L1, L2, L3 Module-4 More number theory: Prime Numbers, Fermat's and Euler's theorem, Primality testing, Chinese Remainder theorem, discrete logarithm. (Text 1: Chapter 7) Principles of Public-Key Cryptosystems: The RSA algorithm, Diffie - Hellman Key Exchange, Elliptic Curve Arithmetic, Elliptic Curve Cryptography (Text 1: Chapter 8, Chapter 9: Section 1, 3, 4) L1, L2, L3 Module-5 114One-Way Hash Functions: Background, Snefru, N-Hash, MD4, MDS5, Secure Hash Algorithm [SHA],One way hash functions using symmetric block algorithms, Using public key algorithms, Choosing a one-way hash functions, Message Authentication Codes. Digital Signature Algorithm, Discrete Logarithm Signature Scheme (Text 2: Chapter 18: Section 18.1 to 18.5, 18.7, 18.11 to 18.14 and Chapter 20: Section 20.1, 20.4) Li, L2, L3 Course Outcomes: After studying this course, students will be able to: © Use basic cryptographic algorithms to encrypt the data. * Generate some pseudorandom numbers required for cryptographic applications. * Provide authentication and protection for encrypted data. ‘Text Books: 1. William Stallings , “Cryptography and Network Security Principles and Practice”, Pearson Education Inc., 6 Edition, 2014, ISBN: 978-93-325-1877-3 2. Bruce Schneier, “Applied Cryptography Protocols, Algorithms, and Source code in C’, Wiley Publications, 2" Edition, ISBN: 9971-51-348-X Reference Books: 1. Cryptography and Network Security, Behrouz A. Forouzan, TMH, 2007. 2. Cryptography and Network Security, Atul Kahate, TMH, 2003. 115ToT & WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS B.E., VII Semester, Electronics & Communication Engineering /Telecommunication Engineering [As per Choice Based Credit System (CBCS) Scheme] Course Code 17EC752 CIE Marks 40 Number of Lecture | 03 SEE Marks | 60 Hours/Week Total Number of | 40 (8 Hours / Exam Hours | 03 Lecture Hours Module) CREDITS - 03 Course Objectives: This course will enable students to: * Understand various sources of IoT & M2M communication protocols. * Describe Cloud computing and design principles of IoT. * Become aware of MQTT clients, MQTT server and its programming. © Understand the architecture and design principles of WSNs. * Enrich the knowledge about MAC and routing protocols in WSNs. Module-1 Overview of Internet of Things: loT Conceptual Framework, [oT Architectural View, Technology Behind IoT, Sources of IoT,M2M communication, Examples of IoT. Modified OSI Model for the IoT/M2M Systems, data enrichment, data consolidation and device management at IoT/M2M Gateway, web communication protocols used by connected IoT/M2M devices, Message communication protocols (CoAP-SMS, CoAP-MQ, MQTT,XMPP) for loT/M2M devices. L1, L2 Module-2 Architecture and Design Principles for IoT: Internet connectivity, Internet-based communication,IPv4, IPv6,6LOWPAN protocol, IP Addressing in the IoT, Application layer protocols: HTTP, HTTPS,FTP,TELNET and ports Data Collection, Storage and Computing using a Cloud Platform: Introduction, Cloud computing paradigm for data collection, storage and computing, Cloud service models, IoT Cloud- based data collection, storage and computing services using Nimbits. L1, L2 Module-3 Prototyping and Designing Software for [oT Applications: Introduction, Prototyping Embedded device software, Programming Embedded Device Arduino Platform using IDE, Reading data from sensors and devices, Devices, Gateways, Internet and Web/Cloud services software development Programming MQTT clients and MQTT server. Introduction to IoT privacy and security. Vulnerabilities, security requirements and threat analysis, IoT Security Tomography and layered attacker model. L1, L2, L3 Module-4 120Overview of Wireless Sensor Networks: Challenges for Wireless Sensor Networks, Enabling Technologies for Wireless Sensor Networks. Architectures: Single-Node Architecture - Hardware Components, Energy Consumption of Sensor Nodes, Operating Systems and Execution Environments, Network Architecture-Sensor Network Scenarios, Optimization Goals and Figures of Merit, Design principles for WSNs, Service interfaces of WSNs Gateway Concepts. L1, L2, L3 Module-5 Communication Protocols: Physical Layer and Transceiver Design Considerations, MAC Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks, Low Duty Cycle Protocols And Wakeup Concepts - S-MAC , The Mediation Device Protocol, Wakeup Radio Concepts, Contention based protocols(CSMA,PAMAS), Schedule based protocols (LEACH, SMACS, TRAMA) Address and Name Management in WSNs, Assignment of MAC Addresses, Routing Protocols- Energy-Efficient Routing, Geographic Routing, Hierarchical networks by clustering. L1, L2, L3 Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, students will be able to * Describe the OSI Model for the loT/M2M Systems. © Understand the architecture and design principles for Io. * Learn the programming for loT Applications. * Identify the communication protocols which best suits the WSNs. Text Books: 1. Raj Kamal, "Internet of Things-Architecture and design principles”, McGraw Hil] Education. 2. Holger Karl & Andreas Willig, "Protocols And Architectures for Wireless Sensor| Networks" , John Wiley, 2005. 3. Feng Zhao & Leonidas J. Guibas, “Wireless Sensor Networks- An Information| Processing Approach", Elsevier, 2007. Reference Books: 1. Kazem Sohraby, Daniel Minoli, & Taieb Znati, “Wireless Sensor Networks- Technology, Protocols, And Applications”, John Wiley, 2007. 2. Anna Hac, “Wireless Sensor Network Designs”, John Wiley, 2003. 121