8

SCIENCE
THIRD QUARTER

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION II – CAGAYAN VALLEY

COPYRIGHT PAGE
Learning Activity Sheet in SCIENCE
(Grade 8)

Copyright © 2020
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
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ESTER T. GRAMAJE
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 Table of Contents

Competency Page number

Explain the properties of solids, liquids, and
gases based on the particle nature of matter
..................... 1
Explain physical changes in terms of the
arrangement and motion of atoms and
molecules. ..................... 12
Determine the number of protons, neutrons
and electrons in a particular atom
..................... 31
Use the periodic table to predict the chemical
behavior of an elementHy
..................... 48

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 SCIENCE 8

Name of Learner: ________________________________ Grade Level: _________

Section: ____________________ Date: _________

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

The Particulate Nature of Matter

Background Information for Learners

You have learned in your previous grade that anything that has mass and occupies
space is known as matter. Everything around us, such as living things and non-living things
are considered as matter. All of these have specific mass and occupies space. The
characteristics that describe a sample of matter are called properties. Matter have different
properties. The mass of an object is the measure of the amount of matter the object has while
volume is the measure of the space occupied by an object. Can you still recall that matter
exists in three common physical states? These are solid, liquid and gas. The constituent
particle of matter in each of these states can be represented as follows:

SOLID LIQUID GAS

Properties of solid, liquid and gas

A solid has a definite shape because its particles are close to each other in orderly
arrangement and occupy definite positions. The fixed positions of the solid particles help in
maintaining the shape of the solid. It has definite volume due to the strong attraction between
the particles. Its volume is maintained even when transferred in another container. The low
compressibility of a solid is due to the closeness of the particles to each other and lack of
enough space for the particles to move in. The high density of solid is due to the closeness of
the particles. The particles completely occupy a given space. A solid does not flow easily
because the particles are closely packed together and are found in fixed positions. The
particles only vibrate in place and they cannot slide past one another.

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 A liquid has no definite shape because, even the particles are close together, they are
not neatly arranged and these particles are in constant motion; they slide past one another but
stay together. It has definite volume due to strong attraction between the particles. Its volume
is maintained even when transferred to another container. The low compressibility of a liquid
is due to the closeness of the particles to each other and the little free space for the particles to
move in. The lower density of a liquid compared to a solid is due to the absence of a neat
arrangement between particles even if they are close together. A liquid flows easily because
the particles are not neatly arranged nor found in fixed positions.
A gas has no definite shape because its particles are in constant motion and are far
apart from each other. A gas has no definite volume due to the large spaces in between the
particles. The particles are free to move to completely occupy a given space. This is the
reason why the gas occupies the total volume of the container. The high compressibility of a
gas is due to the presence of large space in between particles. These particles can be pushed
to come closer to each other. The very low density of a gas is due to the large spaces in
between particles as a result of weak interactions between them. Thus, only few particles are
available in a given space. The gas flows easily because of the presence of large spaces in
between particles.
The particle nature of matter is well accepted description of matter. The basic
principles of the particle nature of matter are:
a. All matter is made up of tiny particles.
b. The particles of matter are moving all the time.
c. Particles of matter have empty spaces between them.
d. The particles of matter attract each other.

Learning Competency
Explain the properties of solids, liquids, and gases based on the particle nature of
matter; (S8MT IIIa-b-8)

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 Activity 1. What’s The Matter with You?

Directions:
Below are terms you encounter every day. Encircle the word that you consider as
matter, cross out if it is not.

Stone Love Salt Air

Smoke Water Heat Sanitizer
Face mask Oxygen Happiness Excitement

1. Which terms are considered matter? Why?

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

2. Which terms are NOT considered matter? Why?

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

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 Activity 2. What’s The Matter in the House?
Directions: Classify the common household materials and substances according to their
states. Write your answer on table2.

Note: If you are not familiar with some of these materials or substances, try to refer from
your parents or other able members of your family.

Table 1. Common Materials and Substances at Home

Vinegar Ice Water vapor from Droplets underneath a

boiling water rice cooker cover
Spoon Soy sauce Salt Sugar
Cooking oil Air inside a Mongo seeds Firewood
balloon
Dishwashing liquid Water in a glass Chlorox Smoke from burning
wood

Table 2
SOLID LIQUID GAS

Questions:
1. How do you describe a solid substance?
_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

2. How do you describe a liquid substance?

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

3. How do you describe a gaseous substance?

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 _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

Activity 3. The Particle Model of Matter

Directions: Study the molecular model of solid, liquid and gas below. Answer
briefly the questions.

SOLID LIQUID GAS

QUESTIONS:
1. How are the molecules of a solid material arranged?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2. How are the molecules in a liquid substance arranged?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
3. How are the molecules in a gaseous substance arranged?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
4. Based on the molecular model above, what makes a solid material hard?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
5. Based on the molecular model above, what makes a liquid material flow?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

6. Based on the molecular model, what makes a gaseous material easily spread in their
container?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

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 Activity 4. Complete Me
Directions: Read and analyze the given paragraph. Use the words on the box to supply
the missing words on each item.

forces particles moving faster

empty energy atoms

The particle nature of matter describes four important aspects. All mater is made of up

1__________ that are incredibly small-much too small to see with the naked eye. The

particles can be 2__________ or combinations of atoms that are bonded. There are

3__________ that act between the particles. The particles of matter are always 4__________

all the time. The more 5__________ they have, the6 __________ they move. The spaces

between the particles in matter are 7 __________.The spaces between particles contain

nothing at all.

Activity 5. Take Me in and Arrange Me

A. Directions: Complete the table below to determine the properties of solid, liquid and
gas.
Property Solid Liquid Gas
Shape- definite or indefinite?
Volume - definite or indefinite?
Expand to fill the container? Yes/No
Particles in constant motion? Yes/No
Ease of Flow- flows easily or does
not flow easily?

B. Arrange in descending order the three states of matter (solid, liquid, gas) based on the
given properties.
1. Compressibility
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(Highest) ________________ >________________ >________________ (lowest)
2. Density
(Highest) ________________ > ________________ > ________________ (lowest)
3. Closeness of the particles
(Highest) ________________ > ________________ >________________ (lowest)
4. Strength of attraction between particles
(Highest) ________________ > ________________> ________________ (lowest)
5. Kinetic energies of particles
(Highest) ________________ > ________________> ________________ (lowest)

Activity 6. Crossword Puzzle

Directions: Complete the crossword by filling in the word that fits the given clues.

Across
10 8
1. The measure of the space
9
occupied by an object.
3. The measure of the amount of
matter the object has.
7 4 5. It has strong attraction between
the particles.
6. The particles are able to move
5
freely because they are far apart
from each other
6
7. It is in between the particles of
matter.
3 2 9. It is what matter is made up of.

1 Down
2. The particles are packed
closely together in fixed
positions.
4. The characteristics that
describe a sample of matter.
8. Anything that occupies space
and has mass.
10. It flows easily because the
particles are not neatly arranged
nor found in fixed positions.

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REFLECTION:

1. I learned that
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

2. I enjoyed most on
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
3. I want to learn more on
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

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REFERENCES:
A. Books
Campo et. al. 2013. Science - Grade 8 Learner’s Module. First edition. Pasig City.
Department of Education.
Mendoza, Estrella. 2008. Chemistry. Quezon City Philippines: Phoenix Publishing House.

Rabago, C.O. 2014. Science and Technology. Quezon City: Vibal Publishing House, Inc.

B. Internet Sources
https://www.learner.org/series/essential-science-for-teachers-physical-science/the-particle
nature-of-matter-solids-liquids-and-gases/
https://www.google.com/search?q=phases+of+matter+pretest%2Fworksheet&tbm=isch&ved=2ahU
KEwjojIDCzeDqAhVFNaYKHahIDJoQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=phases+of+matter+pretest%2Fworksheet&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQA1DxhAZY_7oGYK2-
BmgAcAB4AIABggWIAYktkgELMC4yLjQuMy40LjOYAQCgAQGqAQtnd3Mtd2l6LWltZ8ABAQ&sclient=i
mg&ei=0w4YX6jXM8XqmAWokbHQCQ&bih=694&biw=1517#imgrc=MjaeRoVFfT1VCM

ANSWER KEY
Activity 1.
1. The following are matter:
-Stone, smoke. water, oxygen, salt, air and sanitizer. This is because they are all made
up of particles. They occupy space and have mass.
2. The following are not considered matter:
-Love, happiness and excitement. This is because these are feelings or emotions. On
the other hand, heat is not also considered matter. This is because heat is a form of energy
which can only be absorbed by matter or can transfer from one matter to another.
Activity 2:
SOLID LIQUID GAS

spoon Vinegar Air inside a balloon

Mongo seeds Cooking oil Water in a glass

Sugar granules Dishwashing liquid Water vapor from boiling water

firewood Soy sauce Smoke from burning firewood

ice Chlorox

Droplets underneath a rice cooker

cover

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 1. Solid materials are generally hard. They have definite shape and volume. Their
particles
are compact.
2. Liquid materials generally flow. They have definite volume but with indefinite shape
as they assume or take the shape of their container. Their particles are loosely compact
compared to solid particles.
3. Gaseous materials easily disperse or easily disappears in sight. This is because their
molecules are very loosely compact allowing them to move very easily away from each
other. They do not have definite volume and shape as they take the volume and shape of
their containers, respectively.
Activity 3.
1. The particles in a solid matter are compact or arranged very closely with each other
2. The particles in a liquid substance are loosely compact. There are more spaces from
each other compared to the way solid particles are arranged
3. The particles in gaseous substance are very loosely arranged. There is a very wide
spaces between the molecules compared to solid and liquid particle arrangement.
4. A solid material is hard because its particles are so closely compacted and occupy a
definite position within the matter.
5. A liquid substance can flow because there is enough space between the molecules to
move around within their containers or along surfaces.
6. A gaseous substance can easily spread because its molecules have so much space to
freely move around due to the looseness or vast distance between its molecules.
Activity 4.
1. particles
2. atoms
3. forces
4. moving
5. energy
6. faster
7. empty
Activity 5.
A.
Properties Solid Liquid Gas

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Shape- definite or indefinite? definite definite indefinite
Volume - definite or indefinite? definite definite indefinite
Expand to fill the container? Yes/No No No Yes
Particles in constant motion? Yes/No Yes Yes Yes
Ease of Flow- flows easily or does does not flow flows easily flows easily
not flow easily? easily

B.
1. Compressibility
(Highest) __________Gas___ >_______Liquid______ >_______Solid______ (lowest)
2. Density
(Highest) _____Solid________ > ______Liquid_______ > _______Gas______ (lowest)
3. Closeness of the particles
(Highest) ________Solid______> ______Liquid_______ >______Gas_______ (lowest)
4. Strength of attraction between particles
(Highest) ________Solid______> ______Liquid_______ >______Gas_______ (lowest)
5. Kinetic energies of particles
(Highest) ________Gas______> ______Liquid_______ >______Solid_______ (lowest)
Activity 6.
1. volume Down
3. mass 2. solid
5. solid 4. properties
7. empty spaces 8. matter
9. tiny particles 10. liquid
Prepared by:

ELVIRA M. MALIHAN GENEROSE D. CONDE

Gosi National High School Tuguegarao City West High School

Quality Assured by:

ROSECHELLE M. CAUILAN
MYRNA Q. ADDURU
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 SCIENCE 8
Name of Learner: ______________________________ Grade Level: _________________
Section: ______________________________________ Date: _______________________

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

Phase Changes of Matter
Background Information for the Learners
Matter is everything that comprises the world where we live in. They are distinct from
one another in terms of phase. They can be solid, liquid or gas. Matter are made up of atoms
or particles that cannot be seen by the naked eyes. However, when matter changes from one
phase to another, its physical appearance changes without changing its composition. Take for
example the composition of water in its three different phases as shown in the illustration
below.

Source: https://www.britannica.com/science/phase-state-of-
matter#/media/1/455270/146131 pp.3

The illustration shows that when ice at 00C absorbs heat, it starts to melt then upon
reaching 100 0C the molecules turn to vapor which is at a gaseous phase. There is only a
change in its physical appearance but the composition remains to be 2 Hydrogen atoms and 1
atom of Oxygen.
The particle model of matter is essential in order to describe changes in matter from
one phase to another. Campo et.al, 2014 stipulates the following features of the particle
model:

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 How does this model explain phase changes? How does matter behave when
influenced by temperature and pressure in terms of the arrangement and motion of the
particles and molecules as it undergoes a change in phase?

Learning Competency with Code:

Explain physical changes in terms of the arrangement and motion of atoms and molecules.
(S8MT-IIIc – d - 9)

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 Activity 1. Complete Me
Directions: Supply the boxes with the correct term on phase changes using the clues in
the word bank below.

WORD BANK
Solid Melting Deposition
Liquid Freezing Gas to liquid

Phase Change

Sublimation _____ to gas _____ to gas Evaporation

__________ Gas to solid __________ Condensation

Solid to Liquid Liquid to solid

__________ __________

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 Activity 2. Word Cryptogram
Directions: Arrange the letters to come up with the correct answer. Use the
given number and definition as guide to complete the word.
1. Y H I S P A L C N H C A G E

1 2 4 6 3 6 2 3 7 8 5
A change of state with no composition changes of matter.
2. S A G 7. P E D O O S I T I N

8 3 4 5 4 7
The particles move at A change in phase in which gas transforms
random directions very into solid without passing the liquid phase.
quickly and travel in
straight-line path.
3. O L I D S 8. B U L S A M I O N I T

4 4 3 7
Have definite shape and volume A change in phase in which solid turns
because the particles are packed into gas without passing the liquid phase.
closely together in fixed position.
4. Q I L U D I 9. D E C O N A N S I N O T

6 7 5 4 3 7
The particles move and change A change in phase in which gas turns into
positions but not as freely as liquid.
those in a gas.
5. L M I N E T G 10. V A P E A O R O T I N

5 7
A phase change in which solid A phase change in which liquid turns
turns into liquid. into gas.
6. R E E F G I N Z

A phase change when liquid turns into solid.

5 5 7 8

Riddle: A change in the state from

one form to another 1 2 3 4 5 6 2 3 7 8 5 4

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 Activity 3: Phase Matters!

Directions: The diagram below shows particles in solid, liquid and gas. Each arrow A,
B, C, D, E and F represents a change in phase. Analyze the phase changes and the
temperature conditions as matter changes from one phase to another.

TEMPERATURE INCREASES/PRESSURE DECREASES

TEMPERATURE DECREASES/PRESSURE INCREASES

Questions:
A. 1. What phase change occurs in A?
_____________________________________________________________________
2. What phase change occurs in B?
_____________________________________________________________________
3. What phase change occurs in C?
_____________________________________________________________________
4. What phase change occurs in D?
_____________________________________________________________________
5. What phase change occurs in E?
_____________________________________________________________________
6.What phase change occurs in F?
_____________________________________________________________________

B. How does the temperature and pressure affect changes in phase? Fill-in the table
below with the necessary conditions of temperature and pressure as matter changes
from one phase to another.

State Temperature condition Pressure condition

A
B

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 C
D
E
F

Activity 4. Understanding Phase Transformation

A. Directions: Read and analyze the selection below. Fill in the table and answer the
given questions.
Phase Changes
Substances are capable of changing their physical phase when the conditions are
altered. One of the conditions that make the substances transform from one phase to another
is the change in temperature.
When a liquid is heated, the kinetic energy of its molecules are increased making the
particles move faster. Further heating may bring the liquid into its boiling point. Boiling point
is a temperature where the vapor pressure of the liquid equals the atmospheric pressure. For
example, water boils at 100 °C (212 °F) at sea level, but at 93.4 °C (200.1 °F) at 1,905 meters
(6,250 ft.) altitude. For a given pressure, different liquids will boil at different temperatures.
When enough kinetic energy is possessed by the liquid particles, they will break away from
their neighboring particles and will become gas. The change of phase from liquid to gas is
evaporation/vaporization.
When the temperature of a liquid is decreased, the kinetic energy of its particles is
also decreased. As a result, the liquid particles will contract or will move closer to each other
and may become solid when its temperature is lowered to or below its freezing point.
Freezing point is the temperature at which the liquid freezes or turns into solid. For example,
the freezing point of water at a pressure of one atmosphere is 0 0C (32 0F) while that of liquid
Nitrogen is -209.89 0C (-345.8 0F). All known liquids, except helium, freeze when the
temperature is low enough. (Liquid helium remains a liquid at atmospheric pressure even at
absolute zero, and can be solidified only under higher pressure.)The change of phase from
liquid to solid is known as solidification/freezing.
When solid substances are heated they generally change into liquid. This is because
the applied heat will increase the kinetic energy of the solid particles, they will break away
from their adjacent particles and possess liquid properties. Melting point is the temperature
at which the solid melts to become a liquid.. The melting point of solid oxygen, for example,
is -218.4oC. The change of phase from solid to liquid is called melting.
The particles of some solids turn into gas without passing the liquid phase. This
change is known as sublimation.

PHASE TEMPERATURE ENERGY (Released or

CHANGE(S) (Heating or Cooling) Absorbed)

Solid Liquid Melting Absorbed

Liquid Gas Heating
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Solid Gas Heating
Liquid Solid Freezing/
Released
Solidification
Solid Liquid Gas Absorbed

Questions:
1. Which phase change(s) involved the released of energy?
_____________________________________________________________________
2. Which phase change(s) involved the absorption of energy?
_____________________________________________________________________
3. What is the relationship between temperature (heating/cooling) and energy during a
phase change?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
B. Directions: Read the selection and answer the questions below on change of state.
This will help you understand the phase change diagram that follow.

Change of State
Have you seen an ice cream melt before you eat it? It’s an example of change of state.
The solid ice crystals in the ice cream melts when they change from the solid state to the
liquid state. When melting, enough energy is needed for solid ice to change into liquid water.
When liquid water is heated and allowed to boil, it reaches a temperature at which it changes
to bubbles of gas below its surface. For liquid to evaporate, the particles must have enough
energy to overcome the attractive forces that hold them together in the liquid phase.
According to the kinetic molecular theory, the particles of a solid or a liquid or a gas
have a distribution of different energies. The graph below shows that there is a minimum
energy required for particles of matter to change their state.

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 Source: Manalo, Cynthia Eleonor et.al. 2007. Change of State, SCILINKS. Merryland
Publishing Co. pp 2-3

B. Questions:

1. What do the letters A, D and G represent?

A ___________________________
D ___________________________
G ___________________________
2. What do the letters B, C, E and F represent?
B ___________________________
C ___________________________
E ___________________________
F ___________________________
3. As A changes to D, is there a continuous increase in temperature? Explain.
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________

4. As D changes to A, is there a continuous decrease in temperature? Explain.

____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________

Activity 5: Graphing Change in Phase

A. Directions: Read and analyze the given graph. Use the data to answer what is
being asked on each item.

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 At point A, the beginning of observations, the substance exists in a solid phase. With
each passing minute, _____________ is added to the substance. This causes the molecules
of the substance to ____________ more rapidly which we detect by a ________________
rise in the substance. At point B, the temperature of the substance is ______°C. The solid
begins to __________. At point C, the substance is completely ____________ or in a
___________ state. Material in this phase has _______________ volume and
_____________ shape. The
energy put to the substance between minutes 5 and 9 was used to convert the substance from
a ___________ to a ___________. This heat energy is called the latent heat of fusion.

Between 9 and 13 minutes, the added energy increases the ______________ of the
substance. During the time from point D to point E, the liquid is ___________. By point E,
the substance is completely in the __________ phase. Material in this phase has
_____________ volume and ___________ shape. The energy put to the substance between
minutes 13 and 18 converted the substance from a ___________ to a

___________ state. This heat energy is called the latent heat of vaporization. Beyond
point E, the substance is still in the ______________ phase, but the molecules are moving
_______________ as indicated by the increasing temperature.

B. Directions: Create a graph showing the phase change of water from a solid to a gas.
Plot the temperature and time in the given data. Place temperature in the Y-axis and
time in the x-axis
Temperature Time (Minutes) Temperature Time (Minutes)
(degrees Celsius) (degrees Celsius)

-2 0 32 11

-1 1 45 12

0 2 54 13

0 3 62 14

0 4 74 15

3 5 83 16

11 6 89 17

20 7 94 18

22 8 98 19

24 9 100 20

28 10 100 21

Source:
PhaseChangesWorksheetshttps://www.cusd80.com/cms/lib6/AZ01001175/Centricity/Domain/58
1/012213%20Phase%20Changes%20Worksheet%20KEY.pdf

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Rubric:

CRITERIA 4 3 2 1

Scale All numbers in Has 1 number Has 2-3 numbers All numbers in
the X and Y axes erroneously not properly scaled either X or Y axes
are properly scaled are not properly
scaled. scaled.

Label Graph has a Graph has a Graph has a title Graph does not
clear title and title and or labels for both have a title or
clear labels for labels for axes, or the unit labels for the
both axes, and both axes, the variable is axes.
the unit of and the unit measured in.
measure is the variable
clearly stated. is measured
in is
included.
Plotting of 5 data points are 4 data points 3 data points are 1-2 data points are
data points properly plotted. are properly properly plotted. properly plotted.
plotted.

Graph lines Lines were drawn 80% plotted Line that best fits A line is drawn
connecting all points were the data points is from one point to
plotted points properly properly drawn. another point.
graphed with
connecting
lines

Questions:

1. At what temperature did melting occur?

_______________________________________________________________________
2. At what temperature did vaporization occur?
_______________________________________________________________________
3. What causes phase changes in matter?
_______________________________________________________________________
4. What phase change would happen if the water vapor (gas) were cooled to 80 degrees?
_______________________________________________________________________

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 Activity 6: Phase Changes in a MAZE!
Directions: Read and analyze the question on phase changes from the START button,
trace your answer from the correct concepts indicated. Keep going until you get to the
FINISH button.

STAT STAT
START STAT are STAT

Boiling point
Molecules Change
Metals What
loosely in the
liquids happens if
and FINISH arranged compo-
What are the sition there is a
three phases of gases phase
matter? change?

Ice, steam Heat

Solids, and water Gases energy is Temperature
Melting
liquids and Liquid
either and pressure
gases absorbed is altered
s or released

What STAT STAT STAT

Condensing

In which phase process is Which phase Const Why do

Solids involved when a ant
do atoms always has particles phase
and liquid turns to a tempe
each other? that are less- changes
liquids gas? rature
densely- occur?
and
packed press
ure

Solids Solids
Liquids Evaporation Solids Solids
only and Liquids
and gases
liquids

STAThas
Which STAT
The particles get bigger

In which phase
Why do WhichSTAT
phase
Liqui strong forces
do particles have has the lowest
but weaker Gas solids
the largest ds energy?
than the solid cannot be
quantity of
phase? easily
energy?
compressed

Solids Solid The particles

Gas Free Gas
Boiling
zing are close point
together

WhichSTAT
process WhatSTAT
Condensing

is the
Melting point

transforms STAT
Why solids term for Why are gases
liquids into temperature
do not move? Melting compressible?
solids? change at
which a liquid
Activity 7: PHET Simulation: turns
States
into a of Matter
gas?

22
Practice Personal Hygiene at all times
 Activity 7: Particle Modelling

Directions: Use the particle model of the different phases of matter to help you
understand phase changes and the effect of temperature on the arrangement and
motion of the particles. Fill-in what is asked in the table.

Effect of Spaces
Temperature on between
Phase of Matter Phase change Process arrangement and Forces the
motion of the particles
particles
Solid (ice)

Liquid (water)

Gas (water vapor)

Reflection:
1. I learned that ___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
2. I enjoyed most on _______________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

23
Practice Personal Hygiene at all times
3. I want to learn more on ____________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

References

Campo, Pia C. et.al, 2013. Science 8 Learner's Module. 1st ed. Pasig City, Philippines:
Department of Education.

Manalo, Cynthia Eleonor et.al. 2007. Change of State, SCILINKS. Merryland Publishing
Co..

Soriano, Emil F. et.al., 2000. The Phases of Matter. Chemistry for the New Millenium.
Adrian Publishing Co., Inc..

Changes in Matter.Project EASE module 15 Bureau of Secondary Education , Department of

Education

States of Matter Phase Change: https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/States-of-

Matter-Phase-Change-Matching-Cut-and-Paste-Activity-1440749 en html Accessed June 9,
2020
Energy & Phase Change: https://www.playmadagames.com/wp-
content/uploads/2019/02/Collisions-Lesson-Plan-Exothermic-vs.-Endothermic-Phase-
Changes.pdf en html Accessed June 9, 2020
Phase Changes of Matter: https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Phase-Changes-of-
Matter-Bundle-Notes-Picture-Sort-and-Task-Cards-1159069 en html Accessed June 9, 2020
Image for solids, liquids and gases. https://www.britannica.com/science/phase-state-of-matter
media/1/455270/146131 Accessed June 7, 2020

PhaseChangesWorksheetshttps://www.cusd80.com/cms/lib6/AZ01001175/Centricity/Domai
n/581/012213%20Phase%20Changes%20Worksheet%20KEY.pdf en html Accessed June
14, 2020

Melting Point, Freezing Point, Boiling Point:

https://chemed.chem.purdue.edu/genchem/topicreview/bp/ch14/melting.php en html
Accessed August 10, 2020

Particle Model of Matter https://intl.siyavula.com/read/science/grade-8/particle-model-of-

matter/06-particle-model-of-matter?id=toc-id-4 en html Accessed August 10, 2020

24
Practice Personal Hygiene at all times
Answer Key
Activity 1. Complete Me

Phase Change

Sublimation Solid to gas Liquid to gas Evaporation

Deposition Gas to solid Gas to liquid Condensation

Solid to Liquid Liquid to solid

Melting Freezing

25
Practice Personal Hygiene at all times
Activity 2. Word Cryptogram

1. P H Y S I C A L C H A N G E
1 2 4 6 3 6 2 3 7 6 5

2. G A S 7. D E P O S I T I O N
8 4 5 4 7

3. S O L I D 8. S U B L I M A T I O N
4 4 3 7

4. L I Q U I D 9. C O N D E N S A T I O N
6 7 5 4 3 7

5. M E L T I N G 10. E V A P O R A T I O N
3 7 8 5 7

6. F R E E Z I N G
5 5 7 8

RIDDLE Refer to physical change P H A S E C H A N G E S

in the state of matter without a
change in chemical composition. 1 2 3 4 5 6 2 3 7 8 5 4
26
Practice Personal Hygiene at all times
Activity 3. Phase Matters!
A. 1. Deposition
2. Sublimation
3. Melting
4.Evaporation
5.Freezing
6. Condensation

B.
State Temperature condition Pressure condition
A Needs lower temperature Needs higher pressure
B Needs higher temperature Needs lower pressure
C Needs higher temperature Needs lower pressure
D Needs higher temperature Needs lower pressure
E Needs lower temperature Needs higher pressure
F Needs lower temperature Needs higher pressure

Activity 4. Understanding Change Transformation

PHASE TEMPERATURE ENERGY
CHANGE(S)
(Heating or Cooling) (Released or Absorbed)
Solid Liquid Melting Heating Absorbed
Evaporation/
Liquid Gas Heating Absorbed
Vaporization
Solid Gas Sublimation Heating Absorbed
Freezing/
Liquid Solid Cooling Released
Solidification
Melting,
Solid Liquid Gas Heating Absorbed
Evaporation

A. Questions:
1. Freezing
2. Melting, Evaporation and Sublimation
3. As the substance is heated, energy is absorbed. As the substance is cooled, energy is
released.
B. Questions:
1. A – solid, D – liquid and G – gas
2. B – change from solid to liquid (melting), C – change from liquid to solid (freezing)
E – change from liquid to gas (evaporation), and F – change from gas to liquid
27
Practice Personal Hygiene at all times
 (condensation)
3. No. There is no temperature increase in part B of the diagram. Even though heat energy
is supplied, the energy absorbed is used to move the particles away from each other.
4. No. There is no temperature decrease in part C of the diagram. Heat is released in the
form of potential energy.

Activity 5: Graphing change in Phase

A.
At point A, the beginning of observations, the substance exists in a solid phase. With each
passing minute, energy is added to the substance. This causes the molecules of the substance
to vibrate more rapidly which we detect by a rise in the substance. At point B, the
temperature of the substance is 700C. The solid begins to melt. At point C, the substance is
completely melted or in a liquid state. The energy put to the substance between minutes 5 and
Temperature (0C)

9 was used to convert the substance from a solid to a liquid. This heat energy is called the
latent heat of fusion.
Between 9 and 13 minutes, the added energy increases the temperature of the
substance. During the time from point D to point E, the liquid is evaporating. By point E,
the substance is completely in the gas phase. The energy put to the substance between
minutes 13 and 18 converted the substance from a liquid to a gas state. This heat energy is
called the latent heat of vaporization. Beyond point E, the substance is still in the gas
phase, but the molecules are moving faster as indicated by the increasing temperature.

B. Graph

Phase Change of Water

120

100

80

60

40

20

0
0 5 10 15 20 25
-
20
Time (minutes)

Questions:

1. 00C
2. 1000C
3. Absorption and release of kinetic energy
4. Condensation – a liquid from a gas
28
Practice Personal Hygiene at all times
Activity 6: Phase Changes in a MAZE!

STAT STAT
START STAT are STAT

Boiling point
Molecules Change
Metals What
loosely in the
,liquid happens if
FINISH arranged compo
What are the s and there is a
sition
three phases of gases phase
matter change?

Ice, steam Heat

Solids, and water Gases energy is Temperature
Melting
liquids and either and pressure
Liquid
gases absorbed is altered
s or released

What STAT WhichSTAT STAT

Condensing
In which phase process is phase Const Why do
Solid involved when a ant
do atoms always has particles phase
s and liquid turns to a tempe
each other? that are less- changes
liquid gas? rature
densely packed occur?
s and
press
ure

Solids Solids
Liquids Evaporation Solids Solids
only and Liquids
and gases
liquids

STAThas
Which
The particles get bigger
In which phase STAT WhichSTAT
phase
strong forces Why do
do particles have Liqui has the lowest
but weaker Gas solids cannot
the largest ds energy?
than the solid be easily
quantity of
phase? compressed
energy?

Solids Solid The particles

Gas Free Gas
Boiling
zing are close point
together

WhichSTAT
process WhatSTAT
Condensing

is the term
Melting point

transforms STAT
Why solids do for temperature Why are
liquids into change at which
not move? Meltin gases
solids? a liquid turns into
g compressible?
a gas?

29
Practice Personal Hygiene at all times
Activity 7: Particle Modelling
Effect of
Temperature Spaces
Phase on between
Phase of Matter Process Forces
change arrangement the
and motion of particles
the particles
Solid (ice) As
temperature
decrease,
Very strong
particles move Very
Liquid to forces
Freezing slowly and small
solid between
become spaces
them
tightly packed
in a regular
arrangement
As
Liquid (water) temperature
slightly
increase, the Strong
particles tend forces, but
Solid to Small
Melting to move a weaker than
liquid spaces
little bit the solid
faster; loosely phase
arranged but
still close
together
As
Gas (water vapor) temperature
further
increase, the Very, very
Liquid to molecules weak forces Very big
evaporation
gas tend to move between the spaces
the fastest particles
;spread out to
fill the space
of a container

Prepared by: Edited/Quality Assured by:

MARJORIE L. MAGBANUA ROSECHELLE M. CAUILAN
HERMINIA T. PURISIMA MYRNA Q. ADDURU
Linao National High School

30
Practice Personal Hygiene at all times
 SCIENCE 8
Name of Learner: ____________________________ Grade Level: ___________
Section: ______________________ Date: _________________

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

Particle Nature of Matter
Background Information for the Learners
Atoms are the building blocks of matter. Atoms of gold are different from atoms of
silver. What makes them different from each other? You should know the number of its
particle or its protons, electron and neutron to distinguish one atom from another,
Protons are positively charged particles found within atomic nuclei. Protons are
about 99.86% as massive as neutrons. Protons and neutrons are found inside the
nucleus of an atom while electrons are found outside of it. Electrons have a negative
charge and are electrically attracted to the positively charged protons. They are tiny
compared to protons and neutrons, over 1,800 times smaller than either a proton or a
neutron. Neutrons are uncharged particles found within all atomic nuclei (except for
hydrogen). It has a mass that is slightly larger than that of a proton. The number of
protons, electrons and neutrons determine the chemical behavior of the element.

Learning Competency with Code:

Determine the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in a particular atom (S8MT-
IIIe-f-10)

31
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 Activity 1.a: Identity Revealed
Directions: Fill in the boxes with the correct letter to determine the word based
from the given description.
Word Description

1. It is a positively charged particle.

2. It is a negatively charged particle.

3. It is an electrically neutral particle.

4. It is the number of protons in

the nucleus.

5. It is the total number of

protons and neutrons.

Activity 1.b: Character Known

Directions: Study the characteristics of the particles of atom below. Put a check
mark () in the column of the particles of atom being described. A characteristic
may be applicable to more than one particle.

Characteristic Electron Neutron Proton

a. Revolves around the nucleus
b. Basis for an atom’s
individuality
c. Found in the nucleus of an
atom
d. Has a mass approximately 1
amu
e. Responsible for the mass of an
atom

32
Practice Personal Hygiene at all times
 Activity 2.a: Color Me Beautiful

Directions: Given the Bohr model of an atom, color the protons red, electrons yellow
and neutrons green.

33
Practice Personal Hygiene at all times
 Activity 2.b: Count Me In
Directions: Using the same model in Activity 2.a, determine the number of proton,
electron and neutron and record your answer in the given table. Then, answer the
questions below based on the table.
Electron Neutron Proton

Questions:
1. How many kinds of particles are located in the nucleus of the atom?
2. What are these particles?
3. What particles are the same in number?
4. What is the charge of the atom?
Directions: Fill in the blanks with the correct word to complete the sentences.

An atom is electrically ________ when the number of ________ is equal to the

number of _______. The electric charges ______ each other.

The illustration below shows the representation of atomic number and atomic
mass of an unknown atom.

Atomic number X

Atomic mass A Z

34
Practice Personal Hygience protocols at all times.
 Activity 3.a: Shorthand Writing
Directions: Using the periodic table, fill in the blanks with the information needed
to determine the atomic number, atomic mass, number of proton, neutron and
electron.

Atomic number: _____

_____

64
Cu Atomic mass:
# of electron:
# of neutron:
_____
_____
_____
# of proton: _____

Atomic number: _____

Atomic mass: _____
79

_____
Au # of electron:
# of neutron:
_____
_____
# of proton: _____

Atomic number: _____

_____ Atomic mass: _____

____
Ag # of electron:
# of neutron:
_____
_____
# of proton: _____

Atomic number: _____

Atomic mass: _____
_____

56 Fe # of electron:
# of neutron:
# of proton:
_____
_____
_____

35
Practice Personal Hygience protocols at all times.
 Atomic number: _____
80

_____
Hg Atomic mass:
# of electron:
_____
_____
# of neutron: _____
# of proton: _____

Activity 3.b: Plus…Minus

Atomic mass = number of protons + number of neutrons
Number of neutrons = Atomic mass – Atomic number
Directions: Using the periodic table, determine the number of neutrons from the
mass number of a given element. Fill in the table with the correct answer.
Atomic Atomic
p+
Element number mass (A) e- n0
(x)
Al
C
O
N
Zn

Activity 3.c: Check your Understanding

Directions: Choose the word from the box to complete the statement.

atomic mass atomic number electron nucleus

neutral neutron (2) proton

In a ________ atom, the number of ________ is equal the number of ________.

__________ is the number of protons in the nucleus of the atom while ______ is the
number of protons and the number of ________ in the ______ of the atom.

36
Practice Personal Hygience protocols at all times.
 Isotope

Protium Deuterium Tritium

H 11 H 21 H 31
- Proton - Neutron - Electron

Activity 4.a
Directions: Analyze each image. Identify if the given elements are isotopes or

NOT. Draw a smiley face if the elements are isotope and sad face if it is
NOT.

_____ 1.

_____ 2.

37
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 _____ 3.

_____ 4.

_____ 5.

Activity 4.b: True or False

Directions: Read and analyze each statement below. Put a check if the statement is
correct and cross if the statement is wrong.

_____ 1. Elements X and Y have the same atomic number but different atomic masses,
they are isotopes.
_____ 2. Elements X and Y have different atomic numbers and different atomic
Masses, they are isotopes.
_____ 3. Isotopes are elements of the same kind.
_____ 4. Isotopes are elements whose atomic masses are the same.
_____ 5. Elements A and B are isotopes of elements having different atomic number.
_____ 6. Elements A and B are elements of the same kind having different atomic
number.
_____ 7. Isotopes are elements having the same number of particles.
38
Practice Personal Hygience protocols at all times.
 _____ 8. Isotopes are elements having the same number of proton and electron but
different number of neutrons.
_____ 9. Elements with the same atomic number and the same number of neutrons are
isotopes.
_____ 10. Elements with the same atomic number but different number of neutrons are
isotopes.

Activity 4.c: I So Tope It

Directions: Use the periodic table to complete the table below with the information
needed on the table. The first element is done for your reference.
Number of Particles in the Atom
Element Isotope
Protons Neutrons Electrons
Carbon-12 12 6 6 6
6 C
Carbon-13 13 6 7 6
6 C
Carbon-14 14
6 C
Mg-24 Mg 12 12

Mg-26 Mg 12

Pb-207 Pb 82

Pb-209 Pb 82

Uranium-238 U 92

Uranium-240 U 92

1. What two things are different about isotopes of the same element?
a.
b.

2. What 3 things do isotopes of the same element have in common?

a.
b.
c.

Atoms are electrically neutral but they become ions when they gain or lose
electrons.

39
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 Why do atoms gain or loose electrons? To complete the eight (8) maximum
number of electrons on the last energy level.
When an atom gives off electron, the charge is positive (cation) and when it gains
electron the charge becomes negative (anion). The number of charges is the same with
the number of electrons gained or lost.
Let us analyze the Bohr model below.

1st energy
level 2nd
energy
level

3rd energy
level

2n2 = formula used to determine the number of electrons per energy level.
Power
2n2 Number of energy level

Base constant no.

Formula Number of electrons

2 (1)2 2
2 (2)2 8
2 (3)2 18

Activity 5.a: Gain or lose to become Stable

40
Practice Personal Hygience protocols at all times.
Directions: Using the Bohr Model, identify if the atom will gain or lose an electron.
Put a check on the word that corresponds to your choice.

1.
2 11 ___ Gain

___ Lose

2. ___ Gain
2 5

___ Lose

3. 2 ___ Gain
8 3

___ Lose

4.
2 7
___ Gain

___ Lose

5. 2 8 2
___ Gain

___ Lose

41
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 Activity 5.b: + or – Charge
Directions: Based on the same figures identify the number of electrons gained or
lost and the charge of the resulting atom.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Activity 5.c: Anion or Cation
Directions: Based on the same figures, identify if the resulting atom is anion or
cation.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Activity 5.d: Ion Identity
Directions: Complete the table below. Identify the number of proton, electron and
neutron of each element.
The first one is done for your reference.
Element p+ e- n0
19
9 F -1 9 10 10
40
20 Ca +2
23
11 Na +1
35 -1
17 Cl
39
19 K +1

Reflection:
1. I learned that ___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

42
Practice Personal Hygience protocols at all times.
2. I enjoyed most on _______________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
3. I want to learn more on ____________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

Reference:
Religioso, Teresita. 2013. You and the Natural World Science. Quezon City. Phoenix
Publishing House Inc.

43
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Answer Key
Activity 1.a
1. Proton
2. Electron
3. Neutron
4. Atomic number
5. Atomic mass

Activity 1.b

Characteristic Electron Neutron Proton

a. Revolves around the nucleus 
b. Basis for an atom’s individuality 
c. Found in the nucleus of an atom  
d. Has a mass approximately 1 amu  
e. Responsible for the mass of an atom  

Activity 2.a

Activity 2.b
Electron Neutron Proton
3 4 3
1. 2
44
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 2. Proton and neutron
3. Electron and proton
4. 0 charge or neutral

An atom is electrically _neutral__ when the number of __proton_ is equal to

the number of _electron_. The electric charges cancel_ each other.

Activity 3.a

Atomic number: _ 29____

Atomic mass: __64___
__29___
Cu # of electron:
# of neutron:
__29___
__35___
64 # of proton: ___29__

Atomic number: _ 79____

Atomic mass: __197___
79 Au # of electron: ___79__
_197_
# of neutron: __118___
# of proton: __79___

Atomic number: __47___

Atomic mass: __108___
47
108
Ag # of electron: __47___
# of neutron: __61___
# of proton: __47___

Atomic number: _ 26____

Atomic mass: __56___
__26___
Fe # of electron: _ 26____
# of neutron: __30___
56
# of proton: __26___
45
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 Atomic number: __80___
Atomic mass: __201___
# of electron: __80___
80
Hg # of neutron: _ 121____
# of proton: __80___
__201___

Activity 3.b
Atomic Atomic
p+
Element number mass (A) e- n0
(x)
Al 13 27 13 13 14
C 6 12 6 6 6
O 8 16 8 8 8
N 7 14 7 7 7
Zn 30 65 30 30 35

Activity 3.c
In a ___neutral_____ atom, the number of __proton__ is equal the number of
__electron_. Atomic number_ is the number of protons in the nucleus of the atom while
atomic mass_ is the number of protons and the number of _neutron in the _nucleus of
the atom.
Activity 4.a

_ __ 1. _ ___2. _ ___3. _ __ 4. __ __ 5. _
Activity 4.b
True or False
1.  6. 
2. X 7. X
3. X 8. 
4. X 9. X
5. X 10. 
46
Practice Personal Hygience protocols at all times.
 Activity 4.c
Number of Particles in the Atom
Element Isotope
Protons Neutrons Electrons
Carbon-12 6
12
C 6 6 6

Carbon-13 6
13
C 6 7 6

Carbon-14 6
14
C 6 8 6

Mg-24 12
24
Mg 12 12 12

Mg-26 12
26
Mg 12 14 12

Pb-207 207 82 125 82

82 Pb
Pb-209 209 82 127 82
82 Pb

Uranium-238 92
238
U 92 146 92

Uranium-240 92
240
U 92 148 92

1. What two things are different about isotopes of the same element?
a. They are different in atomic masses.
b. They are different in number of neutrons.
2. What 3 things do isotopes of the same element have in common?
a. They have the same atomic number.
b. They have the same number of protons.
c. They have the same number of electrons.
Activity 5.a Activity 5.b Activity 5.c
1. Lose 1. + 1 1. Cation
2. Gain 2. -2 2. Anion
3. Lose 3. +3 3. Cation
4. Gain 4. -1 4. Anion
5. Lose 5. +2 5. Cation
Activity 5.d
Element p+ e- n0
19
9 F -1 9 10 10
40
20 Ca +2 20 18 20
23
11 Na +1 11 10 12
35 -1
17 Cl 17 18 18
39
19 K +1 19 18 20

Prepared by: MERCEDITA LOVEDICO Cagayan National High School

Edited/Quality assured by: ROSECHELLE CAUILAN MYRNA Q. ADDURU

47
Practice Personal Hygience protocols at all times.
 SCIENCE 8

Name of Learner: ___________________ Grade Level: _____

Section: _____________________________ Date: ____________

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

Periodic Table of Elements
Background Information for Learners
In Grade 7, you have learned about elements, how they got their names and symbols. You
also classified them as metals, nonmetals and metalloids. You have found out that elements
exist everywhere, in the food that we eat, in the air, in the soil combined with other elements to
form compound or as free element.
There are more than one hundred elements but only a few are essential for life. Did you ever
know that these elements were arranged in an organized manner based on their physical and
chemical properties in a periodic table? This led to many studies about their uses to improve
life.
It is expected that you will be motivated to work like scientists as you browse information on
the history of the development of the periodic table. Likewise, you will be familiarized with the
different features of the modern periodic table and its use in predicting the chemical behavior of
each element specifically on metallic reactivity.

Learning Competency with code

Use the periodic table to predict the chemical behavior of an element.
(S8MT-IIIi-j-12)

48
Practice Personal Hygience protocols at all times.
 Activity 1: Elements for Life

Directions: Encircle the 21 elements essential for life which can be found
horizontally, vertically, and diagonally.

Elements for Life

C N I Z O E D I Q C E F F U W H S X P Z H J P U
Z N L B T M A U U E H T X F H F D M N S Z J T K
V T N Q V X J S E T R L H F F E U A A V E N C P
B D V U M D S U L F U R O J I I S H H E X W E L
I W E C A X P D U F G M R R N U C E X Y I O J E
Y Z M P G S K C I B R X H E I W P W B J C Q Q C
Y E H B N U I C A B Z B L X P N Y R C R P M A Q
C L P F E R O I O D Y E I R Z O E N K S Y R S E
W U L H S O X M L M S L Q Z Y I J S F Q B Q C Z
S Y Q S I H Z C H U M U U H D B M C K O X G H M
I E I J U P D G J I U Z H M E D R T N T H E T Z
L I L G M S W Z O S I V W U X V N O R O B U E J
I D R L G O Z D N S C J A N Y Z Q G G X U B N R
C R Y O X H X R W A L R J E M V S Y S S B T Y N
O I O H N P T X J T A K G D N B K P F Y E A B B
N Z L Y P D U H N O C H K B E Y E G X Z U O E M
U B W E B T U Q D P C N T Y G K S H K L D N N A
R U Y N K K N M Z O Z P E L O A E R Q S I I I C
K A V X N C P I P Y O Z J O R V N H N G G T R L
U R P D F C I P O E B Z U M D L A Y C H T R O T
B I G Z X R E N C N S L Q K Y X G Z Y U C O U M
W J O F Y R R N Z G F R W Q H J N R O T L G L D
C I T O X Y G E N E N I D O I Q A B A A P E F X
P E H P D E N J X G C Y C O G D M L O T V N M V

49
Practice Personal Hygience protocols at all times.
 Activity 2: In the Beginning

Directions: Match the Scientists on Column A with their contributions on

Column B. Write the letter of your answer on the space provided.
COLUMN A COLUMN B

Name of Scientists Contributions

A. He used atomic weights to arrange

28 elements known during his time
and arranged it into 6 families that
have similar chemical and physical
characteristics.

____1. Johann Dobereiner (1829)

B. He determined the atomic number

of elements with the use of x rays
where the chemical properties of
elements are in intervals according to
increasing atomic number. Thus, the
periodic law which states that ‘the
chemical properties of the elements
are periodic functions of their atomic
number.”

_____2. John Newlands (1863)

C. He arranged the elements available

that time with similar properties into
sets of three or triads.

______3. Lothar Meyer (1864)

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 D. He proposed the Law of Octaves,
where he based that similar properties
could be noted for every 8 elements in
order of increasing atomic masses.

______4. Dmitri Mendeleev

(1869)

E. He published a periodic table of

elements known during his time in the
order of increasing atomic weights
displaying patterns of their properties
within groups of elements.

____ 5. Henry Moseley (1913)

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 Activity 3: Features of the Modern Periodic Table

Directions: The chart below gives you the arrangement of elements in the Modern
Periodic Table. Label and answer what is being asked.

1 1

1 2
1

1. On top of each column (arrows pointing downward), number them from

1 to 18. Write your answer directly on the periodic table.
2. What do you call the vertical column (from top to bottom) arrangement of
the elements? ______________
3. How many columns are there? ________
4. Give the name of the following columns.
a. Column 1 _______________
b. Column 2 _______________
c. Column 16 _______________
d. Column 17 _______________
e. Column 18 _______________
5. What do you call the column in brackets numbered 1 and 2?
a. Bracket 1 ________________
b. Bracket 2 ________________
6. What do you call the horizontal row (from left to right-in a bracket) arrangement
of elements? ___________________
7. How many rows are there? ________
8. What is that letter inside each block represents? ________________
9. What are those numbers on top of the letters inside the box represent? _____________
10. What are those numbers below the letters represent? _____________
11. Name the two rows below the main chart? ________________,__________________
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 12. Darken the line that separates the metals and non-metals. Place your answer directly on
the Periodic Table.
13. What do you call the elements along the darkened line? ___________________
14. Shade with yellow color all the non-metals. Do this directly on the Periodic table
15. How are the elements arranged in the periodic table? Choose from the following:
a. According to atomic number
i. Increasing from left to right
ii. Increasing from top to bottom
b. According to atomic mass
i. Increasing from left to right
ii. Increasing from top to bottom

Activity 4: Physical Properties of Elements

Directions: Complete the table below. Put a check if the property is present and cross
if it is NOT. In the last column classify the element as metal and non-metal.
Name of Element/

Classification
Conductivity
Symbol

of electricity

of elements
Conductor
Malleable

Thermal
Ductile

Luster

Brittle

Aluminum(Al)
Boron(B)
Copper(Cu)
Phosphorus (P)
Sulfur(S)
Silver(Ag)
Sodium(Na)
Iron(Fe)
Iodine(I)
Nickel(Ni)

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 Activity 5: Metallic Property and Activity Series

Directions: The periodic table below shows the general metallic trend (in arrows) of the
elements. Answer the questions that follow:

Decreasing
I
n
c
r
e
a
s
i
n
g

1. Within the Alkali metals, which one is most metallic/least metallic? _______________
2. Does the metallic trend of the Alkali metals the same as the elements in the
Alkaline earth metals? __________
3. Within a period, which one is more metallic, potassium or iron? ___________________
4. Arrange the following elements from the most reactive to the least reactive.
a. Aluminum (Al)
b. Copper (Cu)
c. Francium (Fr)
d. Iron (Fe)
e. Zinc (Zn)
__________.__________,__________,___________,____________
Refer to the Activity Series below, in answering the following questions;

5. A group of students want to find out what happen with an iron rod if exposed to
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 an acid like muriatic acid. After a week of exposure to the acid, and moisture from
the environment, the iron rod produced rust which almost lost its original appearance.
Why is this so? ___________What can you suggest to prevent the production of rust in
metals like iron? _____________________________
6. If you were assigned to produce a metal craft but is less corrosive what possible elements
would be the main content of your product? ______________Why? ______________
7. Why is aluminum a preferred material for kitchenware? ________________________
For numbers 8-10, underline which among the elements are less reactive to water or
which do not belong to the group?
8. Aluminum (Al), Magnesium (Mg), Zinc (Zn), Sodium (Na), Potassium(K)
9. Iron (Fe), Platinum (Pt), Lithium (Li), Lead (Pb), Calcium (Ca)
10.Tin (Sn), Gold (Au), Aluminum (Al), Magnesium (Mg), Silver (Ag)
11.Choose two among the elements (Chromium, Iron, Tin, Lead Silver, Platinum,
Copper and Gold) which can be a good coinage metals?____________, ___________
Explain your answer. ___________________________________________________.

Reflection:

1. I learned that ___________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

2. I enjoyed most on _______________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

3. I want to learn more on ____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

References:
Mapa, Amelia P; and Trinidad B. Fidelino. 2001. Chemistry textbook in Science
and Technology. Quezon City SD Publications, Inc.
Philippines, Department of Education, (2004) Chemistry reprinted ed
2006-2009, Vibal Publishing House, Inc
Philippines, Department of Education. 2013. Science Grade 8, Learner’s
Module.1st ed. Vibal Publishing House, Inc
Philippines, Department of Education.2017.Science Grade 7, Learner’s Module.
1st ed. FEP Printing Corporation
https://wordmint.com/puzzles/2612814

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 Answer Key

Activity 1: Elements for Life

Elements for Life

C N I Z O E D I Q C E F F U W H S X P Z H J P U
Z N L B T M A U U E H T X F H F D M N S Z J T K
V T N Q V X J S E T R L H F F E U A A V E N C P
B D V U M D S U L F U R O J I I S H H E X W E L
I W E C A X P D U F G M R R N U C E X Y I O J E
Y Z M P G S K C I B R X H E I W P W B J C Q Q C
Y E H B N U I C A B Z B L X P N Y R C R P M A Q
C L P F E R O I O D Y E I R Z O E N K S Y R S E
W U L H S O X M L M S L Q Z Y I J S F Q B Q C Z
S Y Q S I H Z C H U M U U H D B M C K O X G H M
I E I J U P D G J I U Z H M E D R T N T H E T Z
L I L G M S W Z O S I V W U X V N O R O B U E J
I D R L G O Z D N S C J A N Y Z Q G G X U B N R
C R Y O X H X R W A L R J E M V S Y S S B T Y N
O I O H N P T X J T A K G D N B K P F Y E A B B
N Z L Y P D U H N O C H K B E Y E G X Z U O E M
U B W E B T U Q D P C N T Y G K S H K L D N N A
R U Y N K K N M Z O Z P E L O A E R Q S I I I C
K A V X N C P I P Y O Z J O R V N H N G G T R L
U R P D F C I P O E B Z U M D L A Y C H T R O T
B I G Z X R E N C N S L Q K Y X G Z Y U C O U M
W J O F Y R R N Z G F R W Q H J N R O T L G L D
C I T O X Y G E N E N I D O I Q A B A A P E F X
P E H P D E N J X G C Y C O G D M L O T V N M V

potassium nickel boron selenium manganese copper iodine zinc

chlorine sulfur iron silicon magnesium fluorine molybdenum pho
sphorus calcium nitrogen hydrogen carbon Oxygen

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 Activity 2: In the beginning…
1. C
2. D
3. A
4. E
5. B
100

Activity 3: Features of the Periodic Table

1 Representative-Group A 1 Representative-Group A A

Group
18

2 2 Transition or Group B 13 14 15 16 17

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 11 12 Al
0
Period

lanthanide

Actinide

1.

2. Group
3.18
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 4. a. Group IA-Alkali Metals
b. Group IIA- Alkali Earth Metals
c. Group VIA or 16- Chalcogens
d. Group VII or 17- Halogens
e. Group VIIIA or 18-Noble or Inert Gases
5. 1-Representative
2-Transition
6. Period
7. 7
8. Symbol of the element
9. Atomic Number
10. Atomic Mass
11. Lanthanide ,Actinide
12.

13. Metalloids or Semi Metals

14.

15. a. According to atomic number

i. Increasing from left to right

Activity 4: Physical properties of elements

Name of
Classification of

Element/
Conductivity
of electricity

Symbol
Conductor
Malleable

Thermal

elements
Ductile
Luster

Brittle

Aluminum X Metal
(Al)
Boron(B) X X X X X Non-Metal
Copper (Cu) X Metal
Phosphorus(P) X X X X X Non-Metal
Sulfur(S) X X X X X Non- Metal
Silver(Ag) X Metal
Sodium X Metal
(Na)
Iron(Fe) X Metal

Iodine(I) X X X X X Non- Metal

Nickel(Ni) X Metal
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 Activity 5: Metallic Property and Activity Series

1. Francium/Lithium
2. Yes, because Alkaline earth metals is in the second
group which goes through the trend.
3. Potassium
4. Francium, Copper, Iron, Zinc and Aluminum
5. The position of Iron with respect to Hydrogen which is one composition of
muriatic acid reacts easily with the acid. Iron replaces Hydrogen resulting to the
corrosion of the iron rod. Aside from applying paint, iron rod can be coated with
a metal with lower reactivity than iron.
6. Elements that are less reactive.
Less reactive metal does not combine easily.
7. Aluminum is a less reactive metal
8. Aluminum (Al), Magnesium (Mg), Zinc(Zn), Sodium(Na), Potassium(K)
9. Iron (Fe), Platinum (Pt), Lithium (Li), Lead (Pb), Calcium (Ca)
10. Tin(Sn), Gold(Au), Aluminum(Al), Magnesium (Mg), Silver(Ag)
11. Platinum, Gold Because they do not react with most of the substances they come in
contact with.

Prepared by: Edited/Quality Assured by:

JUANA D. LUYUN ROSECHELLE M. CAUILAN

Cagayan National High School MYRNA Q. ADDURU

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