TARLAC STATE UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY

ACCOUNTANCY DEPARTMENT

ACCOUNTING RESEARCH PROPOSAL

Partial Requirement of Accounting Research Methods (ARM) Course

THE RESEARCHERS
Section Proponents
1.Domantay, Alexander S.
BSAIS 3-1 2.Mananquil, Joyce Anne A.
3.Narciso, Eloisa G.
Group No. 4.Perdido, Deanne Jane R.
5.Prado, Emily A.
GROUP 7 6.Timpug, Angela C.
TITLE OF THE STUDY

FACTORS AFFECTING AIS STUDENTS CAREER CHOICE AT TARLAC STATE UNIVERSITY

1. INTRODUCTION
Background of the study (Introduce the study. State the conceptual and theoretical framework of the
study, locality of the study, the respondents, purpose of the study etc.)

Background of the Study

Career choice is very crucial for the young ones with the reason that it will give a huge impact

on their lives and future. It is one of the biggest dilemmas and challenges to every student’s journey.

Every student must take into account when choosing their career choice. In case of wrong decision in

their career choice, it might result to failure and disappointment.

Choosing the right career choice for students especially for college students is becoming more

important today, they choose their job fields for many reasons. Students must take into many

considerations, probabilities and circumstances when choosing a career. Many factors influence the

student’s decision on choosing their career path, and that includes their passion, family, relatives,

peers, mentors, role model, gender, experience, financial status, and probable income with a certain

profession.

Many students go through college without knowing what career path they want or undecided

with what they want to do in life. When students choose their college major, they may not have all the

information about career that they are pursuing. Some students are experiencing difficulties on

adjusting and adapting on their chose job fields because school requires them more than of what they

are prepared. Students may choose a certain job because of one of its aspect but change their mind

during the process by knowing the other aspects of that certain profession.
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COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
ACCOUNTANCY DEPARTMENT

Students might not be open to all jobs in their interest and the tools that can help the students

deciding regarding their future career choice includes, on the job training, internships, career fairs or

career orientation, job shadowing, and seminars. Students needs to experience what career is like,

what they can offer and what the job can offer to them, and what it involves.

There are many career opportunities from which a Bachelor of Science in Accounting

Information students can choose from. There are many great opportunities and advancement and job

placement in the accounting and information system fields today, especially that we live now in a

more competitive world of business and in the time where almost all of the organizations are using

information system and software programs.

Scope and Delimitation

This study on the factors that affects the career choice of Accounting Information

System students at Tarlac State University was made by carefully studying the personality,

environment and opportunities that might affect the decision of a students with their career choice.

The study will also cover an overview of factors changing student’s career choice from entering college

to finishing their chosen degree. The study was conducted during the academic year 2020-2021.

Conceptual Framework

College Decision Career

Major Making Choice

Theoretical Framework

The study focuses on selecting college courses for the future career of the students. And also

focuses on deciding on what course they should take towards their dream and desired job. The

frameworks show how selecting course and decision-making impact on the students for their desired
 TARLAC STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
ACCOUNTANCY DEPARTMENT

job.
Objectives of the Study (State general and specific objectives, purpose of the study including
problems intended to be solved, hypotheses to be tested, etc.)

The general objective of this study to examine the factors which affects students’ choice of

accounting information systems as a major at Tarlac State University.

Specific Objective:

1. To examine the extent to which students choose Accounting Information System as a career

option and the strength of factors that affect such decision.

i. Environment
ii. Opportunity
iii. Personality
2. To identify the effect intrinsic, extrinsic, perception towards Accounting Information System, and

other social factors on student’s choice of accounting as a career option.

Statement of the problem

1) How significant were factors of the environment in making career choices?

2) How significant were factors of opportunity in making career choices?

3) How significant were factors of personality in making career choices?

4) Which factor, environment, opportunity, or personality, was most significant to students at Tarlac

State University?

Definition of terms

For clarity, the terms used in the study were defined as follows:

Career choice – A persons progress or general course of action through life or through a phase

of life, as in same profession or undertaking (Kariger and Fierro, 2017).

Environment – The complex physical factors that make up our surroundings, and in turn act

upon us. For the purposes of this study they would include the forces of family, political, social, and
 TARLAC STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
ACCOUNTANCY DEPARTMENT

economic issues that both typical and non-typical students may deal with on a day-to-day basis.

Motivation – Forces acting on or within a person causing an initiation of behaviour or what it is

that moves us. In this study we will deal with the issues that help or hinder students in making career

choices.

Opportunity – Those choices in one’s life which are exposed either in a subtle or obvious

manner. These choices or paths give the individual a selection between two or more outcomes. The

outcomes of one’s choosing may or may not exceed one’s present abilities.

Personality – A characteristic way of thinking, feeling and behaving. The personality is the

collection of impressions in the appearance of the student’s body and the impressions believed to

have been made on others, good or bad. One’s personality may embrace attitudes and opinions that

affect the way we deal with interactions of people and, in particular to this study, the situations of

choosing a career.

Accounting Information Systems- is a course in college that is a structure that a business field

uses to collect, store, manage, process, retrieve, and report its financial data so it can be used by

accountants, consultants, business analysts, managers, chief financial officers (CFOs), auditors,

regulators, and tax agencies. (Investopedia.com)

Review of Related Literature/Studies (State the related literature. There must be minimum of 7
related studies, and a total of at least 15 related literature and studies)
Review of Related Literature and Studies

This chapter highlights the related literature and studies, the researchers has gone through

intensive reading of material through internet and theses as their references.

History

In life, we have to choose the career or path that we will take. During the old times, most

woman are taking a housewife, doing chores, making baskets, sewing and embroidering career and

man's career is doing heavy physical labor. But as the time goes by, the industrial revolution begun.

In the united states, the revolution of the industries led to increase its economy. The industrial

revolution improved their lifestyle by increasing products in the factories. People learned how to have
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COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
ACCOUNTANCY DEPARTMENT

better lives at home with the product that they made (The Economic, 2013).

Popular Career and Major Fields

According to A General Guide to Choosing College Majors and How much it Cost, written by

Marc Adrian in 2020, the following are considered to be among the top courses in the Philippines: (1)

Aviation, Aircraft/Aeronautics Operation or Engineering, (2) Commerce or Economics, (3) Civil

Engineering, (4) Computer Science/Programming and (5) Medical and healthcare. Accounting

Information System is under the (2) Commerce or Economics.

Careers in Accounting Information System

An Accounting Information System (AIS) is generally a computer-based method for tracking

accounting activity in conjunction with information technology resources [1]. AIS is responsible for the

collection, storage and processing of financial and accounting data that is used for internal

management decision making, including nonfinancial transactions that directly affect the processing of

financial transactions. Typically an AIS is composed of three major subsystems: (1) Transaction

Processing System (TPS) that supports daily business operations; (2) General Ledger System and

Financial Reporting System (GLS/FRS) and (3) the Management Reporting System (MRS) (Belfo and

Trigo, 2013).

Factors Influencing Choice of Career and Major

According to Bandura, Barbanelli, Capara, and Pastorelli (2001), an individual's environment,

talents, skills, and academic achievement exert an influence on career choice. In case of a wrong

choice, it may lead to resultant failure and disappointment (as cited in Kazi & Ahklaq, 2017). If a

student is forced into a career, he may exhibit low self-esteem and poor performance (Kazi & Ahklaq,

2017)

Many factors can influence come into play when college students choice of career path.
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COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
ACCOUNTANCY DEPARTMENT

Students will typically take into account the quality of life they want when they are older. Factors such

as interest in field, academic ability, familiarity, economic stability and influential people can all affect

in the decision of the student (Fizer, 2013).

1
According to the study of Arie Pratama (2017) entitled “Why Do Accounting Students Choose a

Career in Accountancy? An Exploratory Study in Bandung City, West Java Indonesia” found out that

the accounting students’ career decision might be affected by several factors as derived from theory

of planned behaviour: (1) extrinsic factors; (2) intrinsic factors; and (3) social norms. The researcher

was followed the quantitative approach and the data were collected from a total of 264 final-year

accounting students in Bandung City, Indonesia.

The finding of Tsega Megiste Dibabe (2015), entitled “Factors that Affect Students’ Career

Choice in Accounting: A Case of Bahir Dar University Students” shows that there are four important

factors which affect students’ career choice in accounting: (1) intrinsic factors, (2) extrinsic factors, (3)

perceptions toward accounting profession, and (4) other social factors. The data were collected from

197 Bahir Dar university colleges of business and economics regular students wherein they used a five

point likert scale questionnaires to collect the data.

“Factors Affecting Students Career Choice In Accounting: The Case Of A Turkish University” a

study of Mauldin et al. (2000). The data was analyzed using SPSS Statistical program. In investigating

the factors that influence students’ career choices in accounting, the study shows that the findings can

be divided into two categories: (1) students who have a desire to work in accounting field assume that

accounting field provides good job opportunities, and the field matches with their abilities and

interests. (2) students who have no desire to work in the field of accounting assume that other fields

provide wider job opportunities and are less stressful, tiring, and tedious.

The study of Nurul Hasanah Uswati Dewi which is entitled “Accounting Students’ Choice on

Accounting Information Technology Careers” was conducted through questionnaires to 150 students

who are doing the undergraduate accounting thesis (final project). The results found and concluded
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COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
ACCOUNTANCY DEPARTMENT

that Accounting Information Systems is a necessary subject for accounting undergraduate students, so

like it or not, the subject has a little impact on their career choice in the field of accounting

information system.

Personality

Personality is also important in chosen career. Studies shows that students will choose a major

that they think will fir their personality type. (Mihyeon, 2009). Student’s personality types had a

significant relationship with career choice (Kimongo Kemboi et. Al, 2016).

Influential People

Parents’ education has been proven as a factor influencing career choice (Grissmer, 2003)

Parents exert emotional pressure on their wards regarding the choice of career (cited by Bladeless in

Nyarko-Sampson, 2013).

Another important factor is the people in school to which student belong before college.

Different curriculum options and school culture are all determinant of a student’s career choice. (Kazi

and Akhlaq, 2017).

Family and friends merely affect one’s career choice because we spent more time with them.

Family role models have more of an influence on what student’s major is (Wildman and Torres, 2002).

Economic Stability

When students look into a major career path, they seek out the higher salary job or they look

for majors that involve the most job security (Wildman and Torres, 2002) students will also consider

the salary for the career that they will choose and need to look for a career that will secure them

when they have retired.

2.METHODS AND MATERIALS
Research Design / Method (State the research design of the study and state the reason)

The study used a descriptive research design. The research findings are described based on
 TARLAC STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
ACCOUNTANCY DEPARTMENT

data gathered and analysed. The findings are tested to determine the factorial variables in relating to

environment, opportunity, and personality were significant factors that affects the choices of the

students of Tarlac State University in selecting Accounting Information System as a career option.

Questionnaire

The questions were mostly close ended questions but there were also a few open-ended

questions to allow the respondents to express in their own words other factors that they believe

might have influenced them to major in accounting. The questionnaire was developed from the other

part used by Wally, Lillian (2013) researcher of “factors influencing students’ choice of accounting as a

major: the case of botswana accounting students” and others are from researchers. The close ended

questions in the questionnaires sought views of accounting information systems students on some

statements about factors that could have influenced them to major in accounting. Their views were

captured on a 5-point scale with probability levels of 5-Strongly Agree 4-Agree 3-Neither Agree or

Disagree 2-Disagree 1-Strongly Disagree. Another questions asked students to state when they

arrived at the decision to take accounting as a major. The students were given three choices to

respond to the question and their responses were captured as follows:

1. At Secondary high school,

2. After Secondary high school results but before entering university

3. After first year

Students were also asked to give any other reasons that could have influenced their decision to take

accounting as a major. This was an open-ended question and several responses were given. The

respondents were further asked to state whether they think they have made the right decision to take

accounting as a major and state the reasons for saying so. Students were requested to fill the

questionnaire as a form of MS forms sending by online and return it anytime. In order to test the

reliability and accuracy so as to remove ambiguity and biasness of the instrument used to collect the

data, a pilot
 TARLAC STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
ACCOUNTANCY DEPARTMENT

study was done with the third year accounting students at the Tarlac State University. The purpose of

the pilot study was to find out whether the respondents understand the questions as the researcher

has intended them to be understood and whether they answer them in the way the researcher expect

them to be answered.

Sampling and Data Collection (State who or what are the respondents / participants, limitations,
sampling technique, instrument in collecting data and the data collection process)

Sampling and Data Collection

This study focused on describing the factors that influences the career choice of BSAIS

students. The respondents were obtained from the students of College of Business and Accountancy

taking up of Bachelor of Science in Accounting Information System at Tarlac State University.

This study used simple random sampling as sampling technique and includes 100 students that

were randomly selected from first year to third year students of BS Accounting Information System

students of Tarlac State University at Tarlac City during the academic year 2020-2021. The researchers

used questionnaires as a tool in the form of google form in collecting the needed data and decided to

get the total numbers of BS Accounting Information System students enrolled at Tarlac State

University during the academic year 2020-2021.

The researchers started the collection of the data process by identifying possible circumstances

that might happen during the conduct of the research to be ready and take measures for any

possibilities. The current situation because of the pandemic, COVID-19 is one of the difficulties that

the researchers are making some adjustments of. The researchers cannot make a personal interview

to the respondents and will make use of the social media platforms instead in disseminating the

questionnaires to the respondents. The situation because of pandemic maybe a difficulty but it will

make the sampling process lesser cost because the researchers and respondents can communicate

through online.

Data Analysis (State the statistical treatment of the study and how they will be presented)
 TARLAC STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
ACCOUNTANCY DEPARTMENT

The information collected in this survey contains ordinal data. The measure of central

tendency used with ordinal data is mode and median. The range is the only appropriate measure of

dispersion for ordinal data. Later when the data is combined to form a composite, then standard

deviation will be used as the data will then be measured one composite score against another

composite score, all data then being of equal value.

Data Gathering Procedure

The survey guide includes data on the personal attributes of the respondents in terms of

environment, opportunity, and personality. The survey being conducted to gather pertinent data in

research. Through this, the researcher had personally administered and retrieved the necessary

information.

Methods of Scoring Table

Table 1. Limit of index and verbal Description of weighted Mean Analysis.

Limit of index Verbal Description

4.51 – 5.0 Strongly Agree

3.51 – 4.50 Agree

2.51 – 3.50 Not Sure

1.51 – 2.50 Disagree

1.00 – 1.50 Strongly Disagree

3. SAMPLE INSTRUMENT
Career Choice Questionnaire
 TARLAC STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
ACCOUNTANCY DEPARTMENT

Student Number: SHS Strand:

General Direction: Part 1: For each item simply indicates how much you agree or disagree whether

each statement describes you. Part 2: Choose what are you generally are right now. Answer honestly

for most accurate result.

5-Strongly Agree 4-Agree 3-Neither Agree or Disagree 2-Disagree 1-Strongly Disagree

REASONS
5 4 3 2 1
Good job opportunities

Interest in accounting field

Good fit with respondent abilities

Family influence

Peer Influence

Financial Ability

Financial Problems

Senior/ Graduate accounting major influence

Desire to run a business some day

Aptitude (Ability) for the students

Availability of employment

Opportunities to work overseas

Difficulty in mastering course materials

Ease in mastering course materials

Availability of slot (During Enrolments)

Passion for the profession

Personal Interest in the subject

Other reason, please specify___________________

Timing of decision to choosing the major

Ο At Senior High School

 TARLAC STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
ACCOUNTANCY DEPARTMENT

Ο After Senior High School but before entering University

Ο After First year

Why do you still stay in Accounting Information System?

Ο Is it because of units earned?
Ο Is it because you enjoyed it?
Ο Is it because it would waste the year you have spent?
Other reason, please specify__________________

Did you have enough knowledge of accounting careers in SHS?

Ο YES
Ο NO

Was the decision to major in accounting the right one?

Ο YES
Ο NO

Do you plan to work in Accounting Information System field after graduate?

Ο YES
Ο NO

4. REFERENCES

https://www.investopedia.com/articles/professionaleducation/11/accounting-information-
systems.asp
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/259638678_Accounting_Information_Systems_Tradition_an
d_Future_Directions
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Asma_Shahid_Kazi/publication/325987918_Factors_Affecting_S
tudents'_Career_Choice/links/5ba0ab3c299bf13e6038e19d/Factors-Affecting-Students-Career-
Choice.pdf
http://buscompress.com/uploads/3/4/9/8/34980536/riber6-2_30k17-055_393-407.pdf
https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/234630563.pdf
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/298728962_Factors_Affecting_Students_Career_Choice_In_
Accounting_The_Case_Of_A_Turkish_University
https://www.ust.edu.ph/academics/programs/bachelor-of-science-in-accounting-information-
system/
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?
hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=factors+affecting+Accounting+Information+System+students+career+choic
e&btnG=#d=gs_qabs&u=%23p%3DN9Heqt2tdoIJ
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/325987918_Factors_Affecting_Students
%27_Career_Choice
Lillian B Wally-DIMA (2013) “FACTORS INFLUENCING STUDENTS’ CHOICE OF
ACCOUNTING AS A MAJOR: THE CASE OF BOTSWANA ACCOUNTING STUDENTS”
 TARLAC STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
ACCOUNTANCY DEPARTMENT