12

Quarter 1 Module 1:
Types and Parts of Computer
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of
the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency
or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work
for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the
payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.)

included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort
has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim
ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio
INTRODUCTORY MESSAGE

Welcome to the TECHNICAL VOCATIONAL LIVELIHOOD 12 Alternative

Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on (CSS) COMPUTER SYSTEMS SERVICING NC II.

This module was designed and developed to assist, in helping the learners
meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal,
social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims
to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration
their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body
of the module:

For the learner:

Welcome to the TECHNICAL VOCATIONAL LIVELIHOOD 12 Alternative

Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on (CSS) COMPUTER SYSTEMS SERVICING NC II.

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used
to depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner
is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and
skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled
to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Do not forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
 5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.

If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate
to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
 What I Need to Know

INTRODUCTION / LEARNING OBJECTIVES

In this module you will learn the basic parts of computer system, describe how
components of computer system related to each other, identify similarities and
differences of the different types of computer, and the data life cycle.

[ What I Know

Multiple Choice

Direction: Select the best answer for each question. Write your answer on a separate
sheet of paper.

____ 1. It is an electronic device used to manipulate data.

A.) Radio B.) Television C.) Internet D.) Computer

____ 2. A tangible component of computer system.

A.) Hardware B.) Software C.) Dataware D.) Peopleware

____ 3. These are the raw material of information.

A. Hardware B.) Software C.) Dataware D.) Peopleware

____ 4. They are the called computer user.

A.) Hardware B.) Software C.) Dataware D.) Peopleware

____ 5. Which of the following hardware component is NOT used to input data?
A.) Keyboard B.) Mouse C.) Lightpen D.) Printer

____ 6. Which of the following is used to process data and information?

A.) CPU B.) ROM C.) ALU D.) RAM

____ 7. Which of the following is an example of an output device?

A.) microphone B.) speaker C.) mouse D.) keyboard

____ 8. These are called the most powerful computer.

A.) minicomputer C.) microcomputer
B.) supercomputer D.) mainframe

1
____ 9. Which of the following are the most commonly known computers?
A.) minicomputer C.) microcomputer
B.) supercomputer D.) mainframe

____ 10. These computers can support hundreds or thousands of users.

A.) minicomputer C.) microcomputer
B.) supercomputer D.) mainframe

What’s New

Discuss Briefly:

1. Program
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

2. Application Software
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

3. Computer

______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

4. Data
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

5. Hardware
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

2
 What is It
INFORMATION SHEET 1.0

WHAT IS COMPUTER?

Learning Objectives:

After reading this INFORMATION SHEET 1.0, learners will be able to:
1. Identify the basic parts of computer system.
2. Describe, how components of computer system related to each other?
3. Identify similarities and differences of the different types of computer.

Introduction:

Computer is an electronic device used to manipulate and process data. It can

convert data into useful information. A complete
computer system includes four components.

Components of a Computer System

o Hardware
o Software
o Dataware
o Peopleware (users of computer)

Hardware
A computer’s hardware consists of
electronic devices; the parts that you
can see and touch. The term device
refers to a piece of hardware used by
the computer such as keyboard,
mouse, monitor, modem and etc.

Software
Also called “programs”, consist of
organized sets of instructions for
controlling the computer. Some programs exist for computer’s used to help it manage
its own tasks and devices. Other programs exist for the user, and enable the computer
to perform tasks for you, such us creating documents and others.

3
Dataware

Data is the raw material of information. Data consists of raw

facts, which the computer can manipulate and process into
information that is useful to people. Computerized data is
digital, meaning that it has been reduced to digits, or
numbers. The computer stores and read all data as
numbers. Although computers use data into digital forms, it
converts data into forms that people can understand such as
text, numbers, sound and images.

Peopleware/User
People are the computer’s operator or user. Some types of computers can operate
without much intervention from people, but personal computers are designed
specifically for use of people. Some people that are users of computer are teachers,
students, scientist and others.

Basic Characteristic of Computer System

Computer system has four basic characteristics, namely: input, process, output,
and storage. Below are examples of devices of the basic characteristics of a computer
system.

Input – keyboard, mouse, microphone, lightpen.

Process – central processing unit (CPU) is called the brain of the computer
system.
Output – printer, monitor, speaker, projector
Storage – harddisk, memory, tapes, flash drive

DATA LIFE CYCLE

MEMORY UNIT

ALU

INPUT CU OUTPUT

R R
A O
M M

PROCESS

Legend:
ALU – Arithmetic and Logic Unit
CU – Control Unit
RAM – Random Access Memory
ROM – Read Only Memory

4
Different Types of Computers

Supercomputers – are the most powerful computers. They are used for
problems requiring complex calculations. Because of their size and expense,
supercomputers are relatively rare.
Most of supercomputers are used by
universities, governments agencies,
and large businesses.

Mainframe computers – can

support hundreds or thousands of
users, handling massive amounts of
input, output, and storage. These
computers are used in large
organizations where many users access
to shared data and programs.
Mainframes are also used for e-commerce servers handling transactions over the
internet.

Minicomputers – minicomputers are smaller than mainframes

but larger than microcomputers. Minicomputers usually have many
terminals. Minicomputers maybe used as network servers and
internet servers.

Microcomputers – are most commonly

known as personal computers. The term “PC”
is applied to IBM-PCs or compatible
computers. Full size desktop computers are most common type
of PCs. Notebook (laptop) computers are used by people who
need the power of desktop system, but also portability.
Handheld PCs such as PDAs lack the power of desktop or
notebook, but offer features for users who need limited functions and small size.

Types of Software

There are two main types of software:

system software and application software.
System software includes the program that are
dedicated to managing the computer itself, such
as the operating software, file management
utilities, and disk operating system (DOS).
System software aids the user and the hardware
to interact with each other. Without system
software installed in our computers we would
have to type the instructions for everything we
wanted the computer to do!

5
 Application software, or simply applications, are
often called productivity programs or end-user programs
because they enable the user to complete tasks, such as
creating documents, spreadsheets, databases and
publications, and even playing games and others.
Application software is specific to the task it is designed for
and can be as simple as a calculator application or as
complex as a word processing application.

What’s More

DIRECTION: Choose 1 item you want to purchase based on the factors

discussed in the lesson. State your reasons why you choose it.

HP Laptop 2620 Dell XPS

Price: 36,990.00 Price: 39,590.00
Specifications: Specifications:
- Core i3 processor - Core i3 processor
- 4GB memory - 4GB memory
- 500GB harddisk - 500GB harddisk
- No Operating System - Built-in Operating System

Generic Computer Dell Desktop Computer

Price: 35,690.00 Price: 46,450.00
Specifications: Specifications:
- Core i3 processor - Core i3 processor
- 4GB memory - 4GB memory
- 1TB harddisk - 500GB harddisk
- Built-in Operating System - Built-in Operating System

6
 Item Choosen: Reason:

Assessment

Multiple Choice:
Direction: Select the best answer for each question. Write your answer on a separate
sheet of paper.

____ 1. It is an electronic device used to manipulate data.

A.) Radio B.) Television C.) Internet D.) Computer

____ 2. A tangible component of computer system.

A.) Hardware B.) Software C.) Dataware D.) Peopleware

____ 3. These are the raw material of information.

A.) Hardware B.) Software C.) Dataware D.) Peopleware

____ 4. They are the called computer user.

A.) Hardware B.) Software C.) Dataware D.) Peopleware

____ 5. Which of the following hardware component is NOT used to input data?
A.) Keyboard B.) Mouse C.) Lightpen D.) Printer

____ 6. Which of the following is used to process data and information?

A.) CPU B.) ROM C.) ALU D.) RAM

____ 7. Which of the following is an example of an output device?

A.) microphone B.) speaker C.) mouse D.) keyboard

____ 8. These are called the most powerful computer.

A.) minicomputer C.) microcomputer
B.) supercomputer D.) mainframe

7
____ 9. Which of the following are the most commonly known computers?
A.) minicomputer C.) microcomputer
B.) supercomputer D.) mainframe

____ 10. These computers can support hundreds or thousands of users.

A.) minicomputer C.) microcomputer
B.) supercomputer D.) mainframe

Discuss briefly:

1. Program
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

2. Application Software
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

3. Computer

______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

4. Data
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

5. Hardware
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

Enumeration:

1 – 4 What are the components of a computer system?

5 – 6 Enumerate the two types of software.

7 – 10 List down the different types of computers.

8
References:

https://www.ictlounge.com/html/computercomponents.htm

https://www8.hp.com/ph/en/products/laptops-tablets.html

https://www.dell.com/ph/p/laptops