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Unit III Energy Security

The document discusses energy management in Indian industries. It notes that industries in India have high specific energy consumption due to obsolete technology, lower capacity utilization, lack of energy metering and monitoring, and other factors. Energy management practices can help industries conserve energy and reduce costs by ensuring efficient use of energy and use of appropriate technologies.

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Savita Gupta
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55 views10 pages

Unit III Energy Security

The document discusses energy management in Indian industries. It notes that industries in India have high specific energy consumption due to obsolete technology, lower capacity utilization, lack of energy metering and monitoring, and other factors. Energy management practices can help industries conserve energy and reduce costs by ensuring efficient use of energy and use of appropriate technologies.

Uploaded by

Savita Gupta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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India is one of the fastest growing modern economies of the world today.

As per the global


environment facility (GEF), industry remains the largest consumer of energy in the Indian
economy; accounting for over 50% of total primary energy consumption in the country. There
are estimated 13 million Micro, Small, and Medium-sized Enterprises (MSME) contributing to
around 45% of manufacturing output, and employing more than 40 million people. Most of
energy intensive MSMEs depend on inefficient equipment, technology and operating practices,
leading to high energy consumption and significant CO2 emissions. Industries are lagging in
application of Energy Efficient technologies for improving energy efficiency because of the
various reasons. Specific energy consumption is very high in Indian industries.

The main reasons for higher specific energy consumption in Indian industries are:

1) Obsolete technology

2) Lower capacity utilization

3) Causal metering and monitoring of energy consumption

4) Lower automation

5) Raw material quality and poor handling

6) Operating and maintenance practices

7) Lack of knowledge/awareness among the employees

So, the technology upgrades, Re-engineering and continuous evaluation, Self-knowledge &
Awareness among the masses is basic step towards energy conservation program in any industry.
It is strongly required to monitor energy utilization on continuous basis and relate it to specific
energy consumption. This research analyses the status of training programs on energy
management conducted in the organization and needs of the employees to improve their
technical capabilities and awareness about energy management. Air compressors account for
significant amount of electricity used in Indian industries. Only 10-30% of energy reaches the
point of end-use, and balance 70-90% of energy of the power of the prime mover being
converted to unusable heat energy and to a lesser extent lost in form of friction, misuse and
noise. The compressed air system is not only an energy intensive utility but also one of the least
energy efficient. Lighting is an essential service in all the industries. The power consumption by
the industrial lighting varies between 2 to 10% of the total power depending on the type of
industry. Pumps and pumping systems consume about 10% of the total electrical energy
produced in the world. Air conditioning and refrigeration consume significant amount of energy
in buildings and in process industries. These electrical and thermal utilities are not only energy
intensive utilities but the least energy efficient systems too. Over a period of time, both
performance of these utility equipment and utility system reduces drastically. The causes are
many such as poor maintenance, wear and tear etc. All these lead to additional utility Equipment
installations leading to more inefficiency. Therefore, a periodic performance assessment of these
utility Equipment with a standard procedure is essential to minimize the cost of energy. This
doctoral study also deals with the status of performance assessment of major utility equipment at
periodic intervals with standard procedure.
Energy Management:

Among the practices that arise from the definition of Energy Management are the following:

Eliminate Waste: Ensure that energy is used at the highest possible efficiency.

Maximize Efficiency: Utilize the most appropriate technology to meet organizational needs.

Optimize Supply: Purchase or supply energy at the lowest possible cost. Energy management
practices may vary from simple maintenance and operational activities that ensure equipment
and systems use energy efficiently and effectively, to capital intensive installation of new, more
efficient technology.

Some desirable sub-objectives of energy management programs include:

1) Conserving energy, thereby reducing cost


2) Cultivating good communications on energy matters

3) Developing and maintaining effective monitoring, reporting, and management strategies for
efficient energy usage

4) Finding new and better ways to increase returns from energy investments through research
and development

5) Developing interest in and dedication to energy management program from all employees.

There are many motivational forces for energy management presently acting on the industrial
sector. They are:

a. Competitiveness: Although energy cost may constitute a relatively small part of total operating
cost, for many industries, it is one of the most manageable resources among labor and material.
Reductions in energy consumption and thereby reducing energy cost are very vital for any
industry to remain competitive.

b. Short Falls in power supplies: Due to limitations in power supply infrastructures, many
industries face power supply problems in terms of reliability and quality of the power supply and
increasing energy demand and industrialization have led to predictions of a serious supply
shortfall.

c. Environmental Management Systems: In certain parts of the world, especially in Europe, ISO
14001 standard on environmental management is increasingly becoming a requirement for trade.
Energy management is an important component of environmental management and waste
reduction strategies, and features significantly in ISO14001.

d. Global Climate Change: The global climate is changing because of human activity, and that
one of the major causes of climate change is the emission of Greenhouse Gases (GHG),
principally CO2, into the atmosphere from the combustion of fossil fuels. Since fossil fuels,
directly or indirectly, are important energy sources to industry, there is international pressure to
reduce GHG emissions by reducing energy consumption.

Energy Audit:
Identification of energy conservation opportunities:

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