User Manual

PAC-T100 (Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

P&C Technologies Co., Ltd.

PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

Safety Caution

It is contents to keep away user's safety and damage of property.

Use rightly after read manual attentively certainly.
Manual will be kept in place that a person who use product can see well.

: In case of missed instructions, user can die or wound severe wound.

Warning

: In case of missed instructions, user injures or property damage can occur.

Caution

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PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

REVISIONS

REV Date Description/Reason

1 July 10, 2009 1st English translation

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PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

Table of Contents
1 OVERVIEW ....................................................................................................................................1-7
1.1 CHARACTERISTICS .................................................................................................................1-8
1.2 APPLICATION ..........................................................................................................................1-9
1.3 GENERAL SPECIFICATION .....................................................................................................1-10
1.3.1 Rated Control Power .......................................................................................................1-10
1.3.2 Voltage .............................................................................................................................1-10
1.3.3 Current .............................................................................................................................1-10
1.3.4 Binary Output ..................................................................................................................1-10
1.3.5 Binary Input .....................................................................................................................1-10
1.3.6 Communication Interface ................................................................................................ 1-11
1.3.7 Case ................................................................................................................................. 1-11
1.4 TEST ..................................................................................................................................... 1-11
1.4.1 Insulation Tests ................................................................................................................ 1-11
1.4.2 Noise Test ........................................................................................................................1-12
1.4.3 Machanical Test ...............................................................................................................1-13
1.4.4 Temperature and Humidity Test.......................................................................................1-13
1.5 USE ENVIRONMENT ..............................................................................................................1-14
1.6 PROTECTION / DETECTION ELEMENTS ..................................................................................1-14
1.6.1 Current Differential Protection(50/87, 87T) ....................................................................1-14
1.6.2 Phase / Ground(Neutral) Overcurrent Protection(50/51, 50N/51N) ................................1-15
1.6.3 Negative Sequence Overcurrent Protection(46, 46T) ......................................................1-15
1.6.4 Restricted Ground Differential Protection(87G)..............................................................1-15
1.6.5 Overvoltage(59) / Undervoltage(27) Protection ..............................................................1-15
1.6.6 Overexitation(V/Hz) Protection(24) ................................................................................1-15
1.6.7 Circuit Breaker Failure Protection(50BF) .......................................................................1-15
1.6.8 Cold Load Pickup(COLDLD) .........................................................................................1-16
1.6.9 Inrush Detection(Inrush)..................................................................................................1-16
1.6.10 Protection Elements Accuracy .........................................................................................1-16
1.7 ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS ......................................................................................................1-16
1.7.1 Measurement ...................................................................................................................1-16
1.7.2 Recording ........................................................................................................................1-17
1.7.3 Sequence Logic(EasyLogic) ............................................................................................1-17
1.7.4 Control .............................................................................................................................1-17
2 OPERATIONAL DESCRIPTION ...............................................................................................2-18
2.1 FRONT PANEL .......................................................................................................................2-18
2.2 EARLY SCREEN .....................................................................................................................2-20
2.2.1 Measured data ..................................................................................................................2-20
2.2.2 Circuit breaker status display and control........................................................................2-20
2.2.3 The other display .............................................................................................................2-21
2.2.4 Display switchover ..........................................................................................................2-21
2.2.5 LED Latched Status Clear ...............................................................................................2-22
2.3 MENU STRUCTURE DISPLAY ..................................................................................................2-22
2.4 DISPLAY.............................................................................................................................2-24
2.4.1 STATUS ...........................................................................................................................2-24
2.4.2 METERING ....................................................................................................................2-25
2.4.3 RECORD .........................................................................................................................2-27
2.4.4 SYS INFO .......................................................................................................................2-28
2.5 COMMAND ........................................................................................................................2-28
2.5.1 CLEAR EVENT ..............................................................................................................2-28
2.5.2 CLEAR WAVEFORM .....................................................................................................2-28

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PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

2.5.3 CONTACT OUT TEST ...................................................................................................2-29

2.5.4 PANEL TEST ..................................................................................................................2-29
2.5.5 TRIP COUNTER SET .....................................................................................................2-29
2.5.6 LCD CONTRAST ...........................................................................................................2-30
3 FUNCTION....................................................................................................................................3-31
3.1 GENERAL..............................................................................................................................3-31
3.1.1 SYSTEM .........................................................................................................................3-31
3.1.2 PASSWORD ....................................................................................................................3-31
3.1.3 POWER SYSTEM ..........................................................................................................3-31
3.1.4 Transformer .....................................................................................................................3-32
3.2 PROTECTION .........................................................................................................................3-35
3.2.1 Instantaneous/percent differential protection(50/87, 87T) ...............................................3-35
3.2.2 Phase/Ground Overcurrent Protection (50/51, 50N/51N)................................................3-38
3.2.3 Negative Sequence Overcurrent Protection (46, 46T) .....................................................3-42
3.2.4 Restricted ground fault protection(87G) ..........................................................................3-44
3.2.5 Overvoltage Protection(59)/Undervoltage Protection(27) ...............................................3-46
3.2.6 Overexcitation protection(V/Hz, 24) ...............................................................................3-49
3.2.7 Circuit Breaker Fail Protection(50BF) ............................................................................3-50
3.2.8 Cold Load Pickup(COLDLD) .........................................................................................3-51
3.2.9 Inrush Detection ..............................................................................................................3-52
3.3 SUBSIDIARY FUNCTION ........................................................................................................3-53
3.3.1 Record .............................................................................................................................3-53
3.3.2 Circuit breaker control .....................................................................................................3-55
3.3.3 Trip circuit supervision (TCS) .........................................................................................3-56
3.3.4 Communication ...............................................................................................................3-57
3.3.5 SYSTEM Time ................................................................................................................3-58
4 APPLICATION EXAMPLE ........................................................................................................4-59
4.1 WIRING AND SETTING ...........................................................................................................4-59
4.2 MEASUREMENT ....................................................................................................................4-60
4.3 CURRENT DIFFERENTIAL MEASUREMENT ..............................................................................4-61
4.4 RESTRICTED GROUND FAULT PROTECTION MEASUREMENT(WINDING#1) .............................4-63
5 INSTALL AND EXTERNAL CONNECTION ...........................................................................5-64
5.1 DIMENSIONED DRAWINGS ....................................................................................................5-64
5.2 REAR TERMINAL ARRANGEMENT PLAN .................................................................................5-65
5.3 EXTERNAL CONNECTIONS ....................................................................................................5-66
5.3.1 PAC-T100 three windings transformer CT connection....................................................5-66
5.3.2 PAC-T100 two windings transformer CT connection (PHS COMP : INTERNAL)........5-67
5.3.3 Current Transformer(CT) Connection for External Phase Compensation (PHS COMP :
EXTERNAL)...................................................................................................................................5-68
5.3.4 Input/Output contact connection......................................................................................5-69
5.3.5 RS232 Port Connection ...................................................................................................5-69
5.3.6 RS485 Port Connection ...................................................................................................5-70
APPENDIX A. PHASE COMPENSATION FORMULA ..................................................................5-71
APPENDIX B. TRANSFORMER TYPE AND COMPENSATION ANGLE ..................................5-72
APPENDIX C. TIME CHARACTERISTICS CURVES ...................................................................5-81

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PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

Figure

Figure 1-1 Function Single Line Diagram ..............................................................................................1-9

Figure 2-1 Faceplate Interface ..............................................................................................................2-18
Figure 2-2 LCD The First Display........................................................................................................2-20
Figure 3-1 Instantaneous / Percent Differential Protection Characteristic............................................3-36
Figure 3-2 Intantaneous Differential Protection Characteristic ............................................................3-36
Figure 3-3 Percent Differential Protection Characteristic.....................................................................3-37
Figure 3-4 Phase / Ground(Neutral) Overcurrent Protection Characteristic .........................................3-40
Figure 3-5 Intantaneous / Definite Time Phase Overcurrent Protection Characteristic ........................3-39
Figure 3-6 Inverse Phase Overcurrent Protection Characteristic ..........................................................3-40
Figure 3-7 Instantaneous / Definite Time Ground(Neutral) Overcurrent Protection Characteristic .....3-40
Figure 3-8 Inverse Ground(Neutral) Overcurrent Protection Characteristic ........................................3-40
Figure 3-9 Instantaneous / Definite Time Negative Sequence Overcurrent Protection Characteristic .3-42
Figure 3-10 Inverse Negative Sequence Overcurrent Protection Characteristic ..................................3-43
Figure 3-11 Restricted Ground Percent Differential Protection Characteristic ....................................3-45
Figure 3-12 Restricted Ground Percent Differential Protection Characteristic ....................................3-45
Figure 3-13 Definite Time Overvoltage Protection Characteristic .......................................................3-46
Figure 3-14 Inverse Overvoltage Protection Characteristic..................................................................3-46
Figure 3-15 Definite Time Undervoltage Protection Characteristic .....................................................3-47
Figure 3-16 Inverse Undervoltage Protection Characteristic................................................................3-47
Figure 3-17 Overexcitation Protection Characteristic ..........................................................................3-49
Figure 3-18 Circuit Breaker Failure Protection Characteristic .............................................................3-50
Figure 3-19 Cold Load Pickup Current Form.......................................................................................3-51
Figure 3-20 Cold Load Pickup Characteristic ......................................................................................3-51
Figure 3-21 Inrush Detection Characteristic.........................................................................................3-52
Figure 3-22 PACManagerTM Event / Fault Recording ..........................................................................3-53
Figure 3-23 PACManagerTM Waveform Analysis .................................................................................3-54
Figure 3-24 TCS Circuit Composition .................................................................................................3-56
Figure 4-1 Application Example : Two Winding Transformer External Connection ...........................4-59
Figure 4-2 Sequence Current ................................................................................................................4-61
Figure 5-1 Dimensioned Drawings.......................................................................................................5-64
Figure 5-2 Current Transformer(CT) Connection for Three Winding Transformer .............................5-66
Figure 5-3 Current Transformer(CT) Connection for Two Winding Transformer................................5-67
Figure 5-4 Current Transformer(CT) Connection for External Phase Compensation ..........................5-68
Figure 5-5 Contact Input / Output Connection .....................................................................................5-69
Figure 5-6 RS232 Port Connection ......................................................................................................5-69
Figure 5-7 RS485 Port Connection ......................................................................................................5-70

Table

Table 1-1 Device / Function ...................................................................................................................1-9

Table 2-1 LED/LCD Function ..............................................................................................................2-19
Table 2-2 Key Function ........................................................................................................................2-19
Table 2-3 LCD Early measurement screen item ...................................................................................2-20
Table 2-4 Menu composition screen .....................................................................................................2-23
Table 2-5 Measurement display ............................................................................................................2-25
Table 4-1 Application example POWER SYSTEM setting .................................................................4-59
Table 5-1 Terminal arrangement ...........................................................................................................5-65

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PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

1 Overview

PAC-T100 is multifunction relay that have all protection, control and monitoring function.
This relay is equipped instantaneous/percent differential, phase/ground (neutral)/negative
sequence overcurrent to maximum three by winding, overexcitation, protection element of
single phase overvoltage/undervoltage and is applicable to motor/generator winding
protection as well as two/three winding transformer.
PAC-T100 has various measure and monitoring function such as quantity of electricity
measure, self-diagnosis, and trip circuit supervision(TCS).
PAC-T100 has setting groups for four protection, and change and apply setting group
according to system driving condition change and enables optimum protection.
This relay can be various and designs economically trip logic, inter-lock sequence and lock-
out function without external addition logic or connection by programmable logic(Easy-
Logic).
Event and waveform recording function of PAC-T100 offer driving history of necessary data
and device to fault analysis.
PAC-T100 has event and waveform recording data that is stored even if control power is lost.
Stored recording can analyze in PC after upload using front communication port in integration
PC program (PACManagerTM).
PAC-T100 has 8 basis LEDs and 8 user setting LEDs, and offers convenient menu-tree
through graphic LCD, and relay and circuit breaker can be controlled by keypad.
There is one RS-232 port that front of PAC-T100 can do in communication with PC program
(PACManagerTM), and are two RS-232 ports that rear of PAC-F100 can do connection with
remote monitoring system.
This relay provides ModBus, DNP3.0 and IEC 60870-5-103 protocol for communication with
remote monitoring system.

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PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

1.1 Characteristics

 Digital transformer protective relay that use two processors

 Use possibility for two-windings or three-winding transformer protection
 Four protection element setting groups
 Eleven protection elements : HOCR, PHS DIFF, OCR, OCGR, NSOCR, GND DIFF,
OVR, UVR, CBF, V/Hz, COLD LD, INRUSH
 Various TC curve : IEC standard, ANSI standard, KEPCO induction type, P&C
curve
 Control of CB open/close on local and remote mode
 Quantity of electricity measuring function : Three-winding three-phase current,
Single phase voltage, Three-winding sequence current, Differential current by a
phase(Fundamental wave, Second harmonic wave, Fifth harmonic wave), Restrain
current, Compensation current, Magnification by winding, Reference winding,
Frequency
 1024 event recording and maximum eight fault waveform recording (32
samples/cycles)
 Engineering tool : Setting change, Event inquiry, Fault waveform analysis
 Graphic LCD (240　　 128, 16line　　 30character) : Single line diagram, tree
structure menu, 16 LEDs, 11 Keypad button
 Communication port : Front interface RS232 port 1 (ModBus Protocol : Setting
change, Event/Fault waveform transmission, measuring monitor), Rear interface
RS485 port 2 (SCADA communication, DNP3.0/ModBus/IEC60870- 5-103
protocol)
 Self-diagnosis function : DC power supply, Memory, CPU, Setting range, DSP, A/D
converter, Analog input circuit, inside logic element and digital input/output circuit
 Trip circuit (TCS) monitoring function
 Eight user setting LEDs
 Panel design easiness in sequence logic structure through EasyLogic Editor
 Test function : Output relay and front display department
 Software upgrade easiness by flash memory use
 Flexible control source (option : AC 110 ~ 240 V, DC 19 ~ 130 V)
 Access Security by password for settings and CB control

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PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

1.2 Application

 Two-windings or three-winding transformer protection

 Current differential protection of generator and motor winding
WINDING 1

59_1 27_1 24_1

1
59_2 1
27_2 1
24_2

52
Winding 1
50_1 50N_1 46_1 COLDLD INRUSH
51 51N 46T 87G 50BF
1
50_2 50N_2 1
46_2

Winding 2
50_1 50N_1 46_1
1
50_2
51
50N_2
51N
1
46_2
46T 87G Metering

50/87 87 T

Winding 3
50_1 50N_1 46_1
51 51N 46T 87G
1
50_2 50N_2 1
46_2

WINDING 2

WINDING 3 PAC -T100

Figure 1-1 Function Single Line Diagram

Table 1-1 Device / Function

Device Function
50/87 Instantaneous Differential Protection
87T Percent Differential Protection
50_1, 50_2 Instantaneous / Definite Time Phase Overcurrent Protection
51 Inverse Phase Overcurrent Protection
50N_1, 50N_2 Instantaneous / Definite Time Ground(Neutral) Overcurrent Protection
51N Inverse Ground(Neutral) Overcurrent Protection
46_1, 46_2 Instantaneous / Definite Time Negative Sequence Overcurrent Protection
46T Inverse Negative Sequence Overcurrent Protection
87G Restricted Ground Percent Differential Protection
59_1, 59_2 Overvoltage Protection
27_1, 27_2 Undervoltage Protection
24_1, 24_2 Overexcitation(V/Hz) Protection
50BF Circuit Breaker Failure Protection
COLDLD Cold Load Pickup
INRUSH Inrush Detection

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PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

1.3 General Specification

1.3.1 Rated Control Power
Input AC 110~220 V±20%(50/60 Hz),
DC 80~300V,
DC 19~130V
* Normal operation duration in short-term power interruption is 100ms.
Power consumption Below 30VA (Actually 15W)

1.3.2 Voltage
Rated Voltage AC 50~240.0V(50/60Hz)
Input Range 1~450V
Overload Capability Continuous(~450V)

Power Consumption Below 0.5VA / Phase

1.3.3 Current
Rated Current AC 5/1A (50/60Hz)
Input Range 0.1 ~ 250A(In : 5A),
0.02 ~ 50A(In : 1A)
Overload Capability 100×Inom for 1s,
20×Inom for 4s,
15A Continuous
Power Consumption Below 0.5VA / Phase

1.3.4 Binary Output

Trip Contact (6 Points(6A), Configurable)
Closed Circuit Capacity 16A / Continuous / AC 250V
30A / 0.3sec / DC 125V / Resistive load
Opened Circuit Capacity 5A / 0.1 (PF) / AC 250V
5A / 0.1 (PF) / AC 250V
Signal Contact (10 Points(8A, 2C), Configurable)
Closed Circuit Capacity 5A / Continuous / AC 250V
5A / 0.3sec / DC 125V / Resistive
Opened Circuit Capacity 1A / 0.1 (PF) / AC 250V
1A / 25ms (L/R Time Constants) / DC 125V

1.3.5 Binary Input

Number 16, Configurable
Input Range Maximum DC 250V
On/Off Threshold Voltage DC 19~130V :
Von 19V, Voff 14V
DC 80~300V :
Von80V, Voff 60V
Recognition Time Less than 10ms

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PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

1.3.6 Communication Interface

Front Panel RS-232 (for PACManagerTM)
19200bps(fixed), 8bit/No parity/1 stop
ModBus Protocol
Rear Panel 2 Galvanic Isolated (for SCADA Communication)
COM2 is ModBus exclusive use
300 ~ 38400bps, 8bit/No parity/1 stop
Modbus/DNP3.0/IEC60870-5-103 Protocol

1.3.7 Case
Structure Draw-out type
Quality of the material Fe
Weight 6.5kg
Terminal U(spade)/Ring lug
Inside diameter : 5mm, Maximum outside diameter : 12mm

1.4 Test
1.4.1 Insulation Tests
Insulation Resistance
Standard IEC60255-5, ANSI/IEEE 37.90.0
Detail Contents 500 V DC
Circuit – Case 10 M
Circuit – Circuit 5 M
Contact – Contact 5 M

Insulation Voltage Withstand Test

Standard IEC60255-5, ANSI/IEEE 37.90.0
Detail Contents For 1 minute (50/60 Hz)
Circuit – Case 4 kV
Circuit – Circuit 4 kV
Contact – Contact 2 kV
Impulse Voltage Withstand Test
Standard IEC60255-5, ANSI/IEEE 37.90.0
Detail Contents Waveform : 1.250s
Permission Counter : 3th each Positive / Negative Polarity
Circuit – Case 5 kV
Transformer – Transformer 5 kV
Transformer – Control Circuit 5 kV
Control Circuit – Control Circuit 3 kV
Contact – Contact 3 kV

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PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

1.4.2 Noise Test

1MHz burst disturbance
Standard IEC60255-22-1, ANSI/IEEE C37.90.1
Detail Contents Oscillation Frequency : 1 MHz
Voltage Rise Time : 75 ns
Repetition Frequency : 400 Hz
Output Impedance : 200 
Permission Method : Asynchronous
Polarity : Positive, Negative
Control Power Circuit : Common Mode 2.5 kV
Differential Mode 1.0 kV
Transformer Circuit : Common Mode 2.5 kV
Differential Mode 1.0 kV
Contact Circuit : Common Mode 2.5 kV
Differential Mode 1.0 kV

Fast transients / burst

Standard IEC60255-22-4 classⅣ, ANSI/IEEE C37.90.1
Detail Contents Voltage Rise Time : 5 ns
50% Peak Voltage Hold Time : 50 ns
Repetition Frequency : 2.5 kHz
Burst Hold Time : 15 ms
Burst Period : 300 ms
Permission Method : Asynchronous, Common- Mode
Polarity : Positive, Negative
Permission Time : 1 min
Downtime : 1 min
Control Power Circuit : 4kV
Transformer Circuit : 4kV
Contact Input / Output Circuit : 4kV
Earth Circuit : 4kV

Electrostatic Discharge
Standard IEC60255-22-2 classⅡ
Detail Contents Voltage Polarity : Positive, Negative
Permission Counter : 10
Permission Interval : 1 sec
Permission Region : Case
Air discharge: 8 kV
Contact discharge: 6 kV

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PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

Surge Immunity
Standard IEC60255-22-5 classⅣ
Detail Contents Voltage Waveform : 1.250 s
Current Waveform : 820 s
Output Impedance : 2 
Permission Method : Asynchronous
Polarity : Positive, Negative
Permission Counter : 3
Permission Time Interval : 30 sec
Control Power Circuit : Common Mode 4.0 kV
Differential Mode 2.0 kV
Transformer Circuit : Common Mode 4.0 kV
Differential Mode 2.0 kV
Contact Circuit : Common Mode 4.0 kV
Differential Mode 2.0 kV

Radiated Susceptibility
Standard IEC60255-22-3 class III, ANSI/IEEE C37.90.2
Detail Contents Electric Field Intensity : 10 V/m
Permission Frequency : 80MHz~1GHz
Frequency Modulation : 1kHz Sine Wave 80% AM
Permission Direction : Front, Rear
Antenna Direction : Verticality, Horizontality
Dwell time: 1sec
Line Conducted HF
Standard IEC 61000-4-6 class III
Detail Contents Permission Frequency : 150kHz ~ 80MHz
Electric Field Intensity : 10 V
80% AM, 1kHz

1.4.3 Mechanical Test

Vibration
Standard IEC60255-21-1 classⅡ
Detail Contents Vibration Frequency : 16.7Hz
Amplitude of Vibration : 0.4mm
Vibration Direction : Front, Rear / Left, Right / Up, Down
Test Time : 600sec (10min)
Shock
Standard IEC60255-21-2 class II
Detail Contents Impulse : 30g (g : Acceleration of Gravity)
Permission Method : Front, Rear / Left, Right / Up, Down

1.4.4 Temperature and Humidity Test

Standard IEC 60068-2-1/2
Operating Temperature -25 ~ 70°C
Storage Temperature -30~75°C
Humidity RH 30~ 95%

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PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

1.5 Use Environment

Altitude Less than 1000m
The others Status of do not exist abnormal vibration, shock, slope and magnetic field
Status of do not exist explosiveness dust, inflammable dust, inflammable/
corrosiveness dust and salt

1.6 Protection / Detection Elements

1.6.1 Current Differential Protection(50/87, 87T)
Transformer Setting
Type Y_Y, Y_D, …, D_D_D
Phase Compensation Internal(software), External
Phase difference between winding 0, 30, …, 330º lag

Winding Setting
Rated VA 0.01~600.00 MVA, 0.01 step
Rated Voltage 0.01~600.00kV, 0.01 step
CT Ratio 5~10000, 5 step
Ground Yes, No

Instantaneous Differential(50/87) Setting

Pickup Current 10~150A, 1 step
Operating Delay 0.00~60.00sec, 0.01 step

Percent Differential (87T) Setting

Pickup Current 0.20~2.50A, 0,01 step
Operating Delay 0.00~60.00sec, 0.01 step
Slope1 5~100 %, 1 step
Slope2 20~200 %, 1 step
Knee Point 5.0~100.0A, 0.1 step
Harmonic Restraint Mode None, 2nd Harm, 5th Harm, 2nd or 5th Harm
2nd Harmonic Level(I2d/I1d) 5.0~40.0 %, 0.1 step
5th Harmonic Level(I5d/I1d) 5.0~40.0 %, 0.1 step

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PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

1.6.2 Phase / Ground(Neutral) Overcurrent Protection(50/51, 50N/51N)

Pickup Current 0.50~100.00A, 0.01 step
Definite Time 0.00~60.00sec, 0.01 step
Time Multiplier(TM) 0.01~10.00, 0.01 step
TC Curve IEC
Normal Inverse(IEC_NI)
Very Inverse(IEC_VI)
Extremely Inverse(IEC_EI)
Long Inverse(IEC_LI)
ANSI/IEEE
Inverse(ANSI_I)
Short Inverse(ANSI_SI)
Long Inverse(ANSI_LI)
Moderately Inverse(ANSI_MI)
Very Inverse(ANSI_VI)
Extremely Inverse(ANSI_EI)
Definite Inverse(ANSI_DI)
KEPCO
Normal Inverse(KNI)
Very Inverse(KVI)
Definite Normal Inverse(KDNI)

1.6.3 Negative Sequence Overcurrent Protection(46, 46T)

Pickup Current(I2) 0.50~ 100.00A, 0.01 step
Definite Time 0.00~60.00sec, 0.01 step
Time Multiplier(TM) 0.01~10.00, 0.01 step
TC Curve Is same a Phase / Ground Overcurrent Protection

1.6.4 Restricted Ground Differential Protection(87G)

Pickup Current 0.20~2.50A, 0,01 step
Slope(Igd/Imax) 5~100%, 1 step
Operating Delay 0.00~60.00sec, 0.01 step

1.6.5 Overvoltage(59) / Undervoltage(27) Protection

Pickup Voltage 5~170V, 1 step
Definite Time 0.00~60.00sec, 0.01 step
Time Multiplier(TM) 0.01~10.00, 0.01 step
TC Curve Appendix C. Inverse Characteristic Reference

1.6.6 Overexitation(V/Hz) Protection(24)

Minimum Voltage 5~50V, 1 step
Pickup(V/Hz) 1.00~4.00 V/Hz, 0.01 step
Operating Delay 0.00~180.00sec, 0.01 step

1.6.7 Circuit Breaker Failure Protection(50BF)

Trip Relay / Binary Input T1~T6, DI1~DI16
Pickup Current(CB Closed) 0.20~ 2.50A, 0.01 step
Operating Delay(Trip Timer) 0.00~60.00sec, 0.01 step

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PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

1.6.8 Cold Load Pickup(COLDLD)

Current Detection Level 0.10~ 5.00A, 0.01 step
Operating / Reset Delay 0~1000sec, 1 step

1.6.9 Inrush Detection(Inrush)

Minimum Current(I1f) 0.10~2.50A, 0.01 step
Pickup(I2f/I1f) 10~100%, 1 step
Operating Delay 0.00~60.00sec, 0.01 step

1.6.10 Protection Elements Accuracy

Pickup ± 3% of Setting Value
Operating Time ±3% or ±40msec of Setting Value
Dropout Level 96~98% of Pickup Value
Dropout Time Less than 40msec
Angle Accuracy ±3º

1.7 Additional Function

1.7.1 Measurement
Current Three-winding 3Phase current RMS / Angle, 0.05~250 A
±0.5%(0.5~45A), ±1.0%(>45A)
Voltage Single phase voltage RMS / Angle, 1~450V,±0.5%
Frequency Single phase voltage standard, 40~70 Hz (0.002Hz)
Sequence Current Three-winding Positive, Negative, Zero Sequence RMS / Angle
Differential Current Fundamental Wave / 2nd Harm / 5th Harm Differential Current
Restraint Current Fundamental Wave Restraint Current
Compensation Current Three-winding 3Phase Compensation Current RMS / Angle, 0.5~250 A
Magnification by winding Three-winding Current Magnitude Compensation Factor
Reference Winding Phase Compensation Reference Winding Display

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PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

1.7.2 Recording
Event Recording
Maximum recording number 1024
Resolution 1msec
Event Item Protection Status(Current / Voltage inclusion),
Contact Input / Output Status,
Setting Change, Circuit Breaker Control,
Control Power On/Off, Recording Data Clear,
Circuit Breaker Output Number Change etc.
Features When produce protection element event quantity of electricity(Three-
winding Current, Voltage, Differential Current, Restraint Current,
Magnification by winding) together recording
Even if control power is lost, data is kept

Waveform Recording
Maximum recording number Maximum eight according to setting
Sample number per cycle 32 samples/cycle
Record Type(Block  Cycle) 2320, 4160, 880
Trigger Position 0 ~ 99% (1% step)
Trigger Condition Setting by Logic operand
Sample Data Current, Voltage, Protection Status(Pickup, Operation),
Contact Input / Output Status
Features COMTRADE(IEEE C37.111) File Format
Even if control power is lost, data is kept

1.7.3 Sequence Logic(EasyLogic)

Operand Circuit Breaker Open/Close Control, Protection Operation Status,
Self-diagnosis Status, Monitoring Operation Status, Contact Input Status,
Logic Operation Status
Operator AND (2~8 inputs)
, OR (2~8 inputs)
, NAND(2~8 inputs)
, NOR(2~8 inputs)
, NOT
, LATCH (S,R)
, Timer (On, Off, Pulse)
Features Up to 48 operators can be used
Sequence logic is composed using Operand/Operator

1.7.4 Control
Circuit Breaker
Number 2 CB
Interlocking Through EasyLogic, freely composition possibility
Local Control Control because use KeyPad for control
Malfunction prevention by password input
Remote Control Control through rear RS-485 communication port or contact input

Setting Group
Number 4 Setting Group
Local Control Through KeyPad, change in Setting/System/Power System
Remote Control Change through rear RS-485 communication port

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PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

2 OPERATIONAL DESCRIPTION
2.1 Front Panel
Front panel of PAC-T100 is consisted of graphic LCD (240128, 16line30character), 16
LEDs and 11 keypad buttons and RS-232C communication port.

This relay becomes to prevent malfunction by password input when operate setting value
change or control keypad. Protection function is achieved in interval that operate driving
information through LCD, and marks update in case of event of priority order occurs.

If connect PACManager™ on front RS232C port, setting value change, work of event/fault
waveform/MIN/MAX recording transmission is available conveniently to notebook.

(1)

(12)

(4)
(2) (5)
(3) (7)
(8)
(11) (9)

(10)

(13)

Figure 2-1 Front Panel

2-18
PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

Table 2-1 LED/LCD Function

LED/LCD Function
(1) LCD Setting Value, Measurement Value, Driving Screen display
(2) “RUN/TEST” “GREEN”, Lighting a LED when input control power
, Flicker a LED when it is contact output/front display department test
(3) “ERROR” “RED”, Lighting a LED when occur system error
, LED status reset through ‘RESET’ Key
(4) “PICKUP” “YELLOW”, Lighting a LED when is protection element pickup
(5) “TRIP” “RED”, Lighting a LED when is protection element operation
, LED status reset through ‘RESET’ Key
(11) Control “GREEN”(Local)/”RED”(Remote)
“L/R” LED
Local/Remote control possibility status display
“GREEN”
“OPEN” LED
Lighting a LED when circuit breaker is open status
“RED”
“CLOSE”LED
Lighting a LED when circuit breaker is close status
(12) Programmable LED “RED”, eight, Through EasyLogic Editor, function set

Table 2-2 Key Function

KEY Function
The first measurement item change
(7) Direction Menu change, Setting value range change
Key Menu change, Menu item select
Menu change, Escape(A high position menu move, Item cancel)
“ERROR” LED and “TRIP” LED reset
(8) RESET
EasyLogic ‘ANN_RESET’ Operand’ operation
(9) MENU From early screen to Menu Tree screen move
(10) ENTER Setting value input and Command Menu Yes/No Confirm
L/R Local/Remote control position change
SELECT Circuit breaker choice to control
(11) Control
OPEN Choice circuit breaker open control
CLOSE Choice circuit breaker close control
(13) PACManager connection RS-232 communication port

LCD screen of PAC-T100 is separated into greatly early screen and menu composition screen.
Early screen can see information of various measured data, system time information, event
number, fault waveform number, setting group etc. to use direction key.

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PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

2.2 Early screen

Product model, communication status, six measure display, event and waveform recording
save number, single diagram, a choice circuit breaker name, system time, setting group of
present are registered to early screen.

P A C T 1 0 0 T 1 R 1 W i n d i n g # 2


0 . 0 0 0 A

0 . 0 0 0 A
B r e a k e
r # 1 0 . 0 0 0 A

2 9 E v e n t s , 4Wa v e s

2 0 0 7 / 0 2 / 0 4 / 1 4 : 4 9 : 5 7 S G 1
Figure 2-2 LCD Early screen

2.2.1 Measured data

Early measurement screen of PAC-T100 is consisted of total 6 and each item can confirm
using up and down direction key. Composition contents of early measurement screen are
same lower part.

Table 2-3 LCD Early measurement screen item

LCD display item Description
WINDING#1 Winding#1 Primary Current( A, B, C, N Phase)
WINDING#2 Winding#2 Primary Current ( A, B, C, N Phase)
WINDING#3 Winding#3 Primary Current ( A, B, C, N Phase)
A PHASE A-Phase Primary Current ( 1, 2, 3 Winding)
B PHASE B-Phase Primary Current ( 1, 2, 3 Winding)
C PHASE C-Phase Primary Current ( 1, 2, 3 Winding)

2.2.2 Circuit breaker status display and control

Control authority of circuit breaker and present state of circuit breaker are registered by LED
though circuit breaker sets function of SETTING/SYSTEM/BREAKER/BREAKER#1 by
EANBLED and picture of circuit breaker is expressed on LCD screen. Circuit breaker is not
expressed, and must set function of SETTING/SYSTEM/BREAKER/BREAKER#1 by
EANBLED in case of LED of circuit breaker controlling means have turned off on LCD
screen.
Circuit breaker is not expressed even if BREAKER#1's function is set by DISABLED, and
BREAKER#2's function was set by EANBLED. In case of circuit breaker was set normally,
status is registered by open( ) or close( ) in LCD. BREAKER#1's function is set by
EANBLED and circuit breaker was expressed on LCD screen, must set circuit breaker setting
again after it is rapidly if the subroutine appears as absurd( or ) and circuit breaker
status LED(open, close) flickers.
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PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

In case of circuit breaker status is registered by Error( ), 52a input and 52b input of circuit
breaker were set by all None or when function of set digital input is set by DISABLED, set
according to circumstance in case of it is None because it is and must set function of relevant
digital input through EasyLogic Editor of PACManagerTM by EANBLED in case digital
input is set by DISABLED. Must set normally after inspect catenate status of digital input and
status of circuit breaker because mean that status of circuit breaker 52a digital input and 52b
digital input has same cost in case of circuit breaker status is registered by trouble( ).

In case of control authority must become local and controls circuit breaker in remote through
communication in case of control circuit breaker on the spot, control authority must become
remote. Press L/R key in case of control authority setting differs and must change control
authority. Circuit breaker control authority change is as following. L/R key -> Control
Password input -> ENTER key -> L/R key. Circuit breaker control authority change is
possible in local.

When make control authority of circuit breaker by local to control circuit breaker on the spot,
I press SELECT key. I press ENTER key after input control password moving particularly
each position using up( ), down( ), left( ), right( ) key in case of ask password. If press
SELECT key after input right password, picture of circuit breaker blink.
If press SELECT key better two times in case of want control of the second circuit breaker,
picture of the second circuit breaker blink.
Press OPEN or CLOSE key according to user's intention and controls circuit breaker. If do
control command such as present state, in case of phrase which is already present state orders
LCD to appear for the lower line and differs with present state the command phrase LCD for
the lower line appear and contact output that control command is established acts. When
control local CB, password must be input.

Can control in high position communication or SCADA through RS485 communication after
make control authority of circuit breaker through circuit breaker control authority change
method by Remote status in case of want circuit breaker control in Remote.

2.2.3 The other display

Time registered under LCD for line means now system time and "EVENTS", "WAVES"
displays recorded event, fault data number. Setting group of protection element that "SG1" is
applied present means GROUP#1.

"T1R1 (T2R2)" display of LCD first line marks transmission of RS485 communication and
reception. "T1" means tx data of COM1 and "R1" means rx data of COM1 and "T2" means tx
data of COM2 and "R2" means rx data of COM2.

2.2.4 Display switchover

Relay is switched over automatically by PROTECTION item of DISPLAY/STATUS menu if
protection element operates in measurement screen. Relay return by early screen if automatic
switchover condition is returned and key operation does not occur more than 3 minutes.

LCD returns by early screen as backlight turns off if do not handle key for 3 minutes.

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PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

2.2.5 LED Latched Status Clear

“TRIP” LED Clear

"TRIP" LED is lighted up in case of protection element more than one operates by
representative LED of protection element action. "TRIP" LED Clear presses RESET key 2
times when all protection elements are reset. First, if show protection element that operate
because is converted automatically by DISPLAY/STATUS/PROTECTION menu if presses
RESET key and presses the second RESET key, status is initialized.

“ERROR” LED Clear

"ERROR" LED is lighted up in case of self-diagnosis element more than one operates by
representative LED of self-diagnosis status display. "ERROR" LED Clear presses RESET
key 2 times when all self-diagnosis elements are returned. First, if show self-diagnosis
element that operate because is converted automatically by DISPLAY/STATUS/
SELF_DIAGNOSIS menu if presses RESET key and the second RESET key, status is
initialized.

2.3 Menu structure display

Menu composition screen is separated into DISPLAY block that mark status, metering, record
etc, and SETTING block that set or displays setting value of system and protection element
and COMMAND block that can initialize record and set trip counter of circuit breaker and
status of point of contact and test front panel.

Menu tree key handle

Relay is switched over in menu composition screen if press MENU key in early screen. Refer
menu composition screen, can select menu wanting through up( ), down( ), left( ),
right( ) key.

Example 1) In case of move from early screen to event screen

MENU(DISPLAY) (STATUS) (METERING) (RECORD) (EVENT)

Example 2) In case of move from event screen to RTC setting screen

(RECORD) (DISPLAY) (SETTING) (SYSTEM) (PASSWORD)
(POWER SYSTEM) (RTC)

Relay is switched over to details menu if press right( ) key in least significant menu. It is
meaning that details menu is extant more than two in case of title of the first line blinks in
details menu. Press right( ) key if details menu to change setting after presses up( ),
down( ) key is published and select details menu. In the case of SETTING/PROTECT#
item, protection group of present state blinks if press right( ) key, and come to low order
menu if press right( ) key after choose protection group which wish to change setting
pressing up( ), down( ) key.

Details item of menu configuration item wants to refer menu composition screen.

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PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

Table 2-4 Menu composition screen

CONTACT INPUT Contact input status
CONTACT OUTPUT Contact output status
LED Programmable LED status
STATUS
LOGIC COMPONENT EasyLogic Component status
SELF_DIAGNOSIS Self-diagnosis status
DISPLAY
PROTECTION Protection operation status
METERING METERING Power quantity metering
EVENT Event occur data
RECORD
WAVEFORM Fault waveform data
SYS INFO MPU and DSP version
PASSWORD Password setting
POWER SYSTEM Power system and wiring setting
RTC System time setting
SYSTEM WAVEFORM RECORD Waveform record setting
BREAKER Circuit breaker status and setting
COMMUNICATION COM1, 2 setting
TCS Trip Circuit Supervision setting
CONTACT INPUT Contact input setting display
CONTACT OUTPUT Contact output setting display
EASY Programmable LED setting
LED
LOGIC display
EasyLogic Component setting
LOGIC COMPONENT
Early display
screen HOC(50/87) Instantaneous Differential setting
SETTING PHS DIFF(87T) Percent Differential setting
OC(50/51) Overcurrent setting
OCG(50N/
Ground overcurrent setting
51N)
WINDING
NSOC Negative sequence overcurrent
#1~#3
(46/46T) setting
PROTECT Restricted Ground Percent
GND DIFF
#1 ~ #4 Differential setting
OV(59) Overvoltage setting
UV(27) Undervoltage setting
CBF(50BF) Circuit breaker fail setting
V/Hz(24_1) Overexcitation(V/Hz) 1 setting
V/Hz(24_2) Overexcitation(V/Hz) 2 setting
COLD LD Cold Load Pickup setting
INRUSH Inrush detection setting
CLEAR EVENT Event data clear
CLEAR WAVEFORM Waveform data clear
CONTACT OUT TEST Contect output test
COMMAN
PANEL TEST Front panel LCD/LED tedt
D
Circuit breaker trip counter
TRIP COUNTER SET
setting
LCD CONTRAST LCD contrast setting

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PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

2.4 DISPLAY
This menu show digital input and contact output status, user appointment LED status, Logic
Component status, self-diagnosis status, monitoring element and protection element operation
status, firmware's version information in DISPLAY.

2.4.1 STATUS
This menu show operation status of digital input and contact output, user appointment LED
operation status, EasyLogic component status, self-diagnosis status, operation availability of
TCS and protection element in DISPLAY/STATUS. Status information that do not appear on
screen can confirm using up( ), down( ) key. Protection element is registered element that
function is set by ENABLED.

CONTACT INPUT
DISPLAY/STATUS/CONTACT INPUT can confirm present state of 16 digital inputs.
Digital input that function is set by EANBLED is registered as 'OFF' in case of it is logic 0 as
'ON' in case of input is logic 1. Digital input that function is set by DISABLED is registered
as 'OFF' regardless of input state.

CONTACT OUTPUT
DISPLAY/STATUS/CONTACT OUTPUT can confirm present output state of 16 contact
output. Contact output that function is set by EANBLED is registered as 'ENERGIZED' in
case of was displayed, and is registered as 'DEENERGIZED' in case of output was not made.
Contact output that function is set by DISABLED is registered as 'DEENERGIZED'.

LED
DISPLAY/STATUS/LED can confirm output state of 8 user appointment LED. LED that
function is set by EANBLED is registered as 'OFF' in case of 'ON', output was not made in
case of output was made. LED output that function is set by DISABLED is registered as
'OFF'.

LOGIC COMPONENT
DISPLAY/STATUS/LOGIC COMPONENT can confirm present state of 48 logic component.
Logic component that function is set by EANBLED is registered as 'OFF' in case of it is logic
0 as 'ON' in case of input is logic 1. Logic component that function is set by DISABLED is
registered as 'OFF'.

SELF_DIAGNOSIS
DISPLAY/STATUS/SELF DIAGNOSIS can confirm self-diagnosis status. Relay is registered
as 'OK' in case of it is particularly normally each item. Relay is registered as 'FAIL' in case of is
absurd and SYSTEM ERROR LED is lighted up.
Self-diagnosis item is memory, setting range, AD converter, DC power, CPU exception, DSP,
analog input circuit, Easylogic setting, contact input circuit, contact output circuit. There is trip
circuit supervision (TCS) by monitoring function. If set TCS function by DISABLED, relay is
always registered as 'OK'.

PROTECTION
Protection element set by DISABLED is not shown in DISPLAY/STATUS/PROTECTION,
and pickup of protection element and operation status set by EANBLED is confirmed only.
Operation status is displayed by the phase when it is 3-phase protection element, relay is
registered as 'A' if A-phase is operated. Relay is registered as 'OP' in case it is single-phase

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PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

protection element. When there is no used protection element, phrase 'NO PROTECTION
ENABLED' is registered. Relay is switched over in DISPLAY/ STATUS / PROTECTION
screen at pickup and operation occurrence of protection element in early measurement screen.

2.4.2 METERING
Various metering value are confirmed in DISPLAY/METERING.
Standard of phase display is winding#1 A-phase current (W1_IA). Refer to below table(2.5)
for details contents about metering display.

Table 2-5 Measurement display

LCD Title Item Description
Winding#1 A-Phase primary current magnitude, angle
IA
(Standard angle)
IB Winding#1 B-Phase primary current magnitude, angle
IC Winding#1 C-Phase primary current magnitude, angle
IN Winding#1 N-Phase primary current magnitude, angle
WINDING#1 CURRENT VA Single phase Primary voltage magnitude, angle
FREQUENCY Single phase frequency of voltage
REF_WIND Reference winding of CT Ratio compensation
W1_MFAC Winding#1 current compensation factor
W2_MFAC Winding#2 current compensation factor
W3_MFAC Winding#3 current compensation factor
IA Winding#2 A-Phase primary current magnitude, angle
IB Winding#2 B-Phase primary current magnitude, angle
WINDING#2 CURRENT
IC Winding#2 C-Phase primary current magnitude, angle
IN Winding#2 N-Phase primary current magnitude, angle
IA Winding#3 A-Phase primary current magnitude, angle
IB Winding#3 B-Phase primary current magnitude, angle
WINDING#3 CURRENT
IC Winding#3 C-Phase primary current magnitude, angle
IN Winding#3 N-Phase primary current magnitude, angle
Winding#1 A-Phase secondary compensation current
W1_C_IA
magnitude, angle
Winding#1 A-Phase secondary compensation current
W1_C_IB
magnitude, angle
Winding#1 A-Phase secondary compensation current
W1_C_IC
magnitude, angle
Winding#2 A-Phase secondary compensation current
W2_C_IA
magnitude, angle
COMPENSATED Winding#2 B-Phase secondary compensation current
W2_C_IB
CURRENT magnitude, angle
Winding#2 C-Phase secondary compensation current
W2_C_IC
magnitude, angle
Winding#3 A-Phase secondary compensation current
W3_C_IA
magnitude, angle
Winding#3 B-Phase secondary compensation current
W3_C_IB
magnitude, angle
Winding#3 C-Phase secondary compensation current
W3_C_IC
magnitude, angle
A-Phase fundamental wave secondary differential
DIFFERENTIAL CURRENT DIFF_IA
current magnitude

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PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

B-Phase fundamental wave secondary differential

DIFF_IB
current magnitude
C-Phase fundamental wave secondary differential
DIFF_IC
current magnitude
A-Phase 2 harmonics secondary differential current
DIFF2_IA
magnitude
B-Phase 2 harmonics secondary differential current
DIFF2_IB
magnitude
C-Phase 2 harmonics secondary differential current
DIFF2_IC
magnitude
A-Phase 5 harmonics secondary differential current
DIFF5_IA
magnitude
B-Phase 5 harmonics secondary differential current
DIFF5_IB
magnitude
C-Phase 5 harmonics secondary differential current
DIFF5_IC
magnitude
A-Phase fundamental wave secondary restraint current
R_IA
magnitude
B-Phase fundamental wave secondary restraint current
RESTRAINT CURRENT R_IB
magnitude
C-Phase fundamental wave secondary restraint current
R_IC
magnitude
Winding#1 A-Phase primary current magnitude, angle
W1_IA
(Standard angle)
W2_IA Winding#2 A-Phase primary current magnitude, angle
W3_IA Winding#3 A-Phase primary current magnitude, angle
Winding#1 A-Phase secondary compensation current
W1_C_IA
magnitude, angle
Winding#2 A-Phase secondary compensation current
W2_C_IA
magnitude, angle
Winding#3 A-Phase secondary compensation current
PHASE A CURRENT W3_C_IA
magnitude, angle
A-Phase fundamental wave secondary differential
DIFF_IA
current magnitude
A-Phase 2 harmonics secondary differential current
DIFF2_IA
magnitude
A-Phase 5 harmonics secondary differential current
DIFF5_IA
magnitude
A-Phase fundamental wave secondary restraint current
R_IA
magnitude
Winding#1 B-Phase primary current magnitude, angle
W1_IB
(Standard angle)
W2_IB Winding#2 B-Phase primary current magnitude, angle
W3_IB Winding#3 A-Phase primary current magnitude, angle
Winding#1 B-Phase secondary compensation current
W1_C_IB
magnitude, angle
PHASE B CURRENT
Winding#2 B-Phase secondary compensation current
W2_C_IB
magnitude, angle
Winding#3 B-Phase secondary compensation current
W3_C_IB
magnitude, angle
B-Phase fundamental wave secondary differential
DIFF_IB
current magnitude
2-26
PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

B-Phase 2 harmonics secondary differential current

DIFF2_IB
magnitude
B-Phase 5 harmonics secondary differential current
DIFF5_IB
magnitude
B-Phase fundamental wave secondary restraint current
R_IB
magnitude
Winding#1 C-Phase primary current magnitude, angle
W1_IC
(Standard angle)
W2_IC Winding#2 C-Phase primary current magnitude, angle
W3_IC Winding#3 C-Phase primary current magnitude, angle
Winding#1 C-Phase secondary compensation current
W1_C_IC
magnitude, angle
Winding#2 C-Phase secondary compensation current
W2_C_IC
magnitude, angle
Winding#3 C-Phase secondary compensation current
PHASE C CURRENT W3_C_IC
magnitude, angle
C-Phase fundamental wave secondary differential
DIFF_IC
current magnitude
C-Phase 2 harmonics secondary differential current
DIFF2_IC
magnitude
C-Phase 5 harmonics secondary differential current
DIFF5_IC
magnitude
C-Phase fundamental wave secondary restraint current
R_IC
magnitude
Winding#1 zero sequence primary current magnitude,
W1_I0
angle
Winding#1 positive sequence primary current
W1_I1
magnitude, angle
Winding#1 negative sequence primary current
W1_I2
magnitude, angle
Winding#2 zero sequence primary current magnitude,
W2_I0
angle
Winding#2 positive sequence primary current
SEQUENCE CURRENT W2_I1
magnitude y, angle
Winding#2 negative sequence primary current
W2_I2
magnitude, angle
Winding#3 zero sequence primary current magnitude,
W3_I0
angle
Winding#3 positive sequence primary current
W3_I1
magnitude, angle
Winding#3 negative sequence primary current
W3_I2
magnitude, angle

2.4.3 RECORD
Event occurrence contents and waveform save information are confirmed in DISPLAY
/RECORD.
DISPLAY/RECORD/EVENT show record of maximum 1024 stored in memory of PAC-
T100. All fault records are recorded with information occurrence time by resolution of 1msec,
and managed by FIFO mode. Fault record items have control power ON/OFF, protection
element operation status, contact input/output status, circuit breaker control, setting value
change, monitoring/self-diagnosis status, event data clear, waveform record clear and circuit

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PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

breaker counter change etc. Event is possible for setting EANBLED/DISABLED each
function.
Event for operation status of protection element records fault informations (winding#1 ~ #3
current, voltage, differential current, restrain current and Magnification by winding). Event
record is shown through LCD and confirmed in local or remote through PACManager™.

DISPLAY/RECORD/WAVEFORM shows total number of recorded fault waveform, trigger

time and trigger data stored in memory. Trigger source and block element, simple explanation
is included in fault contents. Relay does record possibility to block of maximum eight
according to waveform recording setting. Resolution is 32 samples per cycle and maximum
write time per block is 6.4 seconds (50Hz, 2 block standards). Waveform recording have
Current/voltage, contact input/output status, sample data of protection element operation
status and is confirmed in local or remote through PACManager™ to upload. Waveform
recording is recorded to COMTRADE file. This file can do fault analysis, and use in fault
reappearance through protection relay tester.

2.4.4 SYS INFO

DISPLAY/SYS INFO shows version information of MPU and DSP.

2.5 COMMAND
This menu has several command as follows, power energy delete, event delete, waveform
record delete, thermal data clear, MIN/MAX data clear, contact output test, front panel test,
circuit breaker counter setting and LCD contrast setting.

2.5.1 CLEAR EVENT

This menu clear event data stored to PAC-T100. If run “Clear Event”, all of the stored event
data are initialized.

Event clear
(1) Press right( ) key after find CLEAR Event in COMMAND menu.
(2) Press ENTER key after input SET password using up( ), down( ) key moving by each
position using left( ), right( ) key in case of ask password in last line of screen.
(3) After input right password, contents to erase if press right( ) key are published and
phrase 'NO' blinks. This time, come out menu pressing left( ) key in case of does not want
delete, or presses ENTER key in phrase 'NO'.
(4) Press ENTER key if phrase 'YES' is expressed after use up( ), down( ) key.
Relay is converted in COMMAND screen after phrase 'ALL CLEARED' is expressed for
screen last line.

2.5.2 CLEAR WAVEFORM

This menu clear waveform data stored to PAC-T100. If run “Clear Waveform”, all of the
stored waveform data are initialized.

Waveform clear
(1) Press right( ) key after find CLEAR Waveform in COMMAND menu.
(2) Press ENTER key after input SET password using up( ), down( ) key moving by each
position using left( ), right( ) key in case of ask password in last line of screen.
(3) After input right password, contents to erase if press right( ) key are published and
phrase 'NO' blinks. This time, come out menu pressing left( ) key in case of does not want
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PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

delete, or presses ENTER key in phrase 'NO'.

(4) Press ENTER key if phrase 'YES' is expressed after use up( ), down( ) key.
Relay is converted in COMMAND screen after phrase 'ALL CLEARED' is expressed for
screen last line.

2.5.3 CONTACT OUT TEST

It is menu to test 16 points of output contacts. If convert in test screen, done output contact
turns into Enegized by all De-enegizeds. If test is preceded, LED "RUN/TEST" blinks.

Contact out test

(1) Press right( ) key after find CONTACT OUT TEST in COMMAND menu.
(2) Press right( ) key after output point of contact to test uses and selects up( ), down( )
key.
(3) Press ENTER key after input SET password using up( ), down( ) key moving by each
position using left( ), right( ) key in case of ask password in last line of screen.
(4) After input right password, contents to ‘RESET MIN/MAX?’ if press right( ) key are
published and phrase 'NO' blinks. After input right password, phrase of contact output that is
expressed by ‘DEENERGIZED’ if press right key blinks.
(5) Status of point of contact toggles by 'ENERGIZED' and 'DEENERGIZED' whenever
press up( ), down( ) key. And sound that RELAY sticks or drops sounds. LED
"RUN/TEST" blinks during test.
(6) Relay escapes in test of contact output that select if press left( ) key.
Repeat (2)~(6) in case of want test of other contact output. When test again, password does
not ask. Relay escapes in test display if press left( ) key in case of do not want test for
contact output more.

2.5.4 PANEL TEST

It is menu to test 16 LEDs and LCD in front panel. If test front panel, all LEDs are turned
during 1 second and ‘PAC-T100’ character is expressed to LCD. And, these tests are repeated
3 times.

Panel test
(1) Press right( ) key after find PANEL TEST in COMMAND menu.
(2) Press ENTER key after input SET password using up( ), down( ) key moving by each
position using left( ), right( ) key in case of ask password in last line of screen.
(3) After input right password, test is executed if press right( ) key.
Relay is converted in COMMAND menu screen after test is executed 3 times.

2.5.5 TRIP COUNTER SET

It is menu to change trip counter of two circuit breakers. When change relay singleness, must
set circuit breaker trip counter ago relay replace for circuit breaker supervision.

TRIP COUNTER SET change

(1) Press right( ) key after find TRIP COUNTER SET in COMMAND menu.
(2) Circuit breaker that want change in circuit breaker trip counter setting display presses up( ),
down( ) key and selects. Press right( ) key after select circuit breaker.
(3) Press ENTER key after input SET password using up( ), down( ) key moving by each
position using left( ), right( ) key in case of ask password in last line of screen.
(4) After input right password, trip counter digit blinks if press right( ) key. Relay stores
2-29
PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

automatically if press ENTER key after make into value to set pressing up( ), down( ) key.
Relay escapes in trip counter setting display if press left( ) key after setting ends.

2.5.6 LCD CONTRAST

It is menu to control LCD screen brightness. There is the possibility of difference for
brightness of screen according to position or ambient temperature installed relay. User can
control screen brightness according to environment of placed relay.

LCD CONTRAST setting

(1) Press right( ) key after find LCD CONTRAST in COMMAND menu.
(2) Press right( ) key in LCD CONTRAST change display.
(3) Press ENTER key after input SET password using up( ), down( ) key moving by each
position using left( ), right( ) key in case of ask password in last line of screen.
(4) After input right password, LCD CONTRAST ratio blinks if press right( ) key.
(5) Press ENTER key after press up( ), down( ) key and finds wanted screen brightness.
Because brightness ratio changes between 80.0 ~ 99.9%, when change from 99.9% to 80%,
observe because can change as suddenly display is white. If is pressing up( ), down( ) key
continuously, LCD screen brightness changes continuously. Relay escapes LCD CONTRAST
screen if press left( ) key after setting ends.

2-30
PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

3 Function
3.1 General
SETTING menu is to display or change setting value that need in function achievement of
relay. The present setting value can be confirmed by front key handling. But in case of change
setting value Input password should be confirmed.

Setting by front panel

(1) Press right( ) key after select change item to use up( ), down( ) key in details menu
to change setting value.
(2) Press ENTER key after input SET password using up( ), down( ) key moving by each
position using left( ), right( ) key in case of ask password in last line of screen. (Password
initial value is '0000')
(3) After input right password, setting value blinks if press right( ) key. In case of inputted
wrong password, relay asks password again.
(4) Press ENTER key after select value that wish to set pressing up( ), down( ) key.
(5) If press left key before press ENTER key, relay returns by setting value ago.
(6) In case of return by early screen using left( ) key, relay asks setting save availability.
This time, relay is stored by changed setting value if press up( ), down( ) key and press
ENTER key after selects ‘YES’.
(7) In case of selected ‘NO’, set value is canceled. In case of change several items at the same
time, password does not require several times if do not escape SYSTEM or PROTECT block.

If use PACManager™, setting is possible conveniently.

3.1.1 SYSTEM
System setting item have password, power system, RTC, waveform recording, circuit breaker,
communication, TCS.

3.1.2 PASSWORD
Password used in relay is SET PASS and CTRL PASS. SET PASS is used when change
setting value. CTRL PASS is used when control circuit breaker by keypad. Two passwords
are four figures that are consisted of 0 ~ 9, and initial value at product shipping is all '0000'.

If forget it after change password, setting value is not changed or control by key
handling.
.

3.1.3 POWER SYSTEM

There is POWER SYSTEM for analog circuit composition setting, TRANSFORMER for
transformer setting and WINDING#1 ~ #3 for analog circuit composition by each winding in
SETTING/SYSTEM/POWER SYSTEM. Setting group applied present according to SET
GROUP's setting in POWER SYSTEM is decided.

Rated frequency
Rated frequency should sets equally with frequency of power system because it is important
element that is used in metering of relay and protection arithmetic. When power system
frequency differs with set frequency, measured data is shaken extremely or causes error in
operaing characteristic of protection element. Rated frequency setting through keypad or
PACManger™ possible. Should do control power of relay OFF-ON in case rated frequency
3-31
PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

setting is changed.

PT Ratio
Relay is 1 voltage inputs. This voltage is source of overexcitation (V/Hz), overvoltage, undervoltage
protection elements that use voltage. Should set PT secondary by the rated voltage inputted to relay
considering wiring (line to line voltage or phase voltage) of PT primary in case use overexcitation (V/Hz)
protection element. PT ratio setting can set using keypad or PACManager™.

Metering display voltage value = (PHS PT PRI/ PHS PT SEC)*input voltage (V)

Protection element setting group

Relay has 4 different groups about protection element. Setting group can set using
SETTING/ SYSTEM/ POWER SYSTEM/ POWER/SYSTEM menu or PACManager™ or
remote communication.

SETTING/ SYSTEM/ POWER SYSTEM/ POWER SYSTEM(삭제)

Setting item Range(Step) Unit Description
1. FREQUENCY 60Hz, 50Hz Rated frequency
2. PHS PT PRI 0.1 ~ 1000999.9 (0.1) V PT Primary
3. PHS PT SEC 50.0 ~ 250.0 (0.1) V PT Secondary
4. SET GROUP GROUP#1 ~ GROUP#4 Protection group setting

3.1.4 Transformer

Transformer type
PAC-T100 supports type of 2 windings transformer (Y-Y, Y-△, △-Y, △-△) and three-
winding transformer (Y-Y-Y, Y-Y-△, Y-△-Y, Y-△-△, △-Y-Y, △-Y-△, △-△-Y, △-△-
△). For example, transformer that transformer primary winding is wye (Y) and secondary
winding is delta (△) sets by Y-△.

Phase Compensation/ Ground current compensation when is outside grounding fault

PAC-T100 regardless of transformer winding basically CT Y-connection use and corrects
phase difference by transformer winding as software in inside. In this case,
TRANSFORMER/PHS COMP should sets by INTERNAL..
When install CT for phase compensation on outside, must set TRANSFORMER/PHS COMP
by EXTERNAL. Divide √3 times current that grow into √3 again when PAC-T100 does not
phase correction if set by EXTERNAL, and current quantity compensation by difference of
CT ratio and CT wiring are delta and corrects current quantity difference by CT wiring.

In INTERNAL phase compensation setting, phase difference of transformer winding sets lag
phase angle of secondary winding about primary winding through W1-W2 PHS and W1-W3
PHS. By example, must set W1-W2 PHS by 30˚ in case of secondary winding of Y-△
transformer is 30˚lag to primary winding.

Standard winding of phase compensation does via delta winding. Delta winding that
transformer that have delta winding more than 1 is first in the third winding order in primary
becomes standard winding of phase compensation. Primary winding of Y-Y or Y-Y-Y
transformer that delta winding does not exist is standard winding. PAC-T100 removes ground
current about transformer external grounding fault automatically by changing wye winding by
delta connection via delta winding as software. Y-Y or Y-Y-Y wiring that consist of YES in
GROUNDING setting of SETTING/SYSTEM/POWER SYSTEM/WINDING#1~#3 only in
3-32
PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

occasion ground current compensation expression apply. Setting and phase compensation
expression refer attachment A. phase compensation formula and attachment B. transformer
type and compensation angle in transformer type.

Current quantity compensation

Current magnitude compensation does winding that CT rate of margin about rated current of
each winding is the lessest by standard winding. That is, saturation margin of CT
compensates current magnitude of modulo winding via the lessest winding.

Have NORM VOLT(Vnorm[w]), RATED LOAD(Prated[w]), PHS CT RATIO(CTratio) of

SETTING/SYSTEM/POWER SYSTEM/WINDING#1~#3 and relay calculates rated
current(Imargin[w]) by winding. Relay calculates CT margin(Imargin[w]) using rated current by
winding that run arithmetic. Choose winding that CT margin is less by standard winding(Wref)
and calculates magnitude compensation value of each winding about standard winding(Wref).
Magnitude compensation value is applied in differential current of high overcurrent
element(50/87) and current ratio differential element(87T) and restraint current arithmetic.

Prated [ w]
I rated [ w]  , w  1,2,3 ; winding
3  Vnorm[ w]
CT [ w]
I m arg in [ w]  ratio
I rated [ w]
V [ w]  CTratio [ w]
M [ w]  rated , w ref  reference _ winding
Vrated [ wref ]  I rated [ wref ]

Phase/Quantity Compensation example

Transformer Setting Unit
1. TYPE D-Y
2. PHS COMP INTERNAL
3. W1-W2 PHS 30 ◦ lag
3. W1-W3 PHS -- ◦ lag
Winding#1
1. NORM VOLT 154.00 kV
2. RATED LOAD 60.00 MVA
3. PHS CT RATIO 1200 :5
4. GND CT RATIO 5 :5
5. GROUNDING NO
Winding#2
1. NORM VOLT 23.00 kV
2. RATED LOAD 60.00 MVA
3. PHS CT RATIO 2000 :5
4. GND CT RATIO 5 :5
5. GROUNDING YES

(1) Phase compensation

Reference winding : △ winding(winding#1)
3-33
PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

Phase compensation value : Өw1 = 0-0 = 0, Өw2 = 0-(-30) = +330 °lag

Ground current remove (0. 0. reference)
Winding#1 phase compensation : IA*  IA , IB*  IB , IC*  IC

IA*  1/ 3IA  1 / 3IB

Winding#2 phase compensation : IB*  1/ 3IB  1 / 3IC

IC*  1/ 3IC  1 / 3IA
(2) Rated current arithmetic,
60MVA 60MVA
I rated [1]   224.94 A , I rated [2]   1506.13 A
3  154kV 3  23kV
(3) Rate of CT margin arithmetic,
240 400
I m arg in [1]   1.07 , I m arg in [2]   0.27
224.94 1506.13
Secondary winding that rate of margin is less becomes standard winding(Wref).

(4) Current compensation value arithmetic,

154  240 23  400
M [1]   4.017 , M [2]   1.000
23  400 23  400
(5) Current magnitude/phase compensation current(ICA[w], ICB[w], ICC[w])
IAC [ w]  IA*  M [ w]
IC [ w]  I*  M [ w]
B B

I [ w]  IC*  M [ w]
C
C

SETTING/ SYSTEM/ POWER SYSTEM/ TRANSFORMER

Setting item Range(Step) Unit Description
1. TYPE Y_Y, …, D_D_D Transformer type
2. PHS COMP INTERNAL, EXTERNAL Phase compensation method
INTERNAL : Software
EXTERNAL: Compensation by outside
CT wiring
3. W1-W2 PHS 0/30/60 … /270/300/330 ◦ lag Winding#2 for winding#1, winding#3 for
4. W1-W3 PHS winding#1 lag phase angle

SETTING/ SYSTEM/ POWER SYSTEM/ WINDING#1~#3

Setting item Range(Step) Unit Description
1. NORM VOLT 0.01 ~ 600.00 (0.01) kV Winding rated voltage
2. RATED LOAD 0.01 ~ 600.00 (0.01) MVA Winding rated load
3. PHS CT RATIO 5 ~ 10000 (5) :5 Winding phase CT primary ratio
4. GND CT RATIO 5 ~ 10000 (5) :5 Winding ground CT primary ratio
5. GROUNDING YES, NO Winding grounding selection
Metering and EasyLogic Operand
LCD display Item Description

3-34
PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

REF_WIND Current magnitude compensation reference winding(Wref)

W1_MFAC Winding#1 current magnitude compensation factor(M[1])
W2_MFAC Winding#2 current magnitude compensation factor(M[2])
W3_MFAC Winding#3 current magnitude compensation factor(M[3])

3.2 Protection
Protection element setting of relay is attained through SETTING/PROTECT#x.
Protection element is instantaneous/percent differential protection (50/87, 87T), phase/ground
overcurrent protection by windings (50/51, 50N/51N), negative sequence overcurrent
protection by windings (46, 46T), restricted ground fault protection by windings (87G),
circuit breaker fail protection (50BF), cold load pickup, inrush detection.

FUNCTION, BLOCK, EVENT

There is setting item that select FUNCTION, BLOCK, EVENT to all protection elements
commonly. This setting item can run protection function in particular condition if connect
with EasyLogic. When FUNCTION is enabled and input of BLOCK setting is logic'1',
function of protection element is suspended. Protection function does not act if FUNCTION
is disabled and event is not recorded. If EVENT is disabled even if FUNCTION is enabled,
event is not recorded.

3.2.1 Instantaneous/percent differential protection(50/87, 87T)

Current differential protection is consisted of percent differential protection (87T) that have
instantaneous differential protection (50/87) that act by difference current magnitude
regardless of magnitude of restraint current, and acts according to ratio property of restraint
current and differential current magnitude.

Differential current/Restraint current calcurate

3.1.4 Relay calculates differential current (DIFF_IA, DIFF_IB, DIFF_IC) and restraint
current (R_IA, R_IB, R_IC) by compensating current of each winding that phase
compensation expression explaining in transformer, magnitude compensation by CT ratio
difference, ground current compensation etc. are applied. Differential current by each phase is
vector sum of each winding compensating current, and restraint current is 1/2 of scholar sum.

DIFF _ IA  I AC [1]  I AC [2]  I AC [3]

Differential current, DIFF _ IB  IBC [1]  IBC [2]  IBC [3]
DIFF _ IC  I C [1]  I C [2]  I C [3]
C C C

R _ IA  ( I [1]  I [2]  I [3] ) / 2

C
A
C
A
C
A

Restraint current, R _ IB  ( I BC [1]  I BC [2]  I BC [3] ) / 2 , I AC [ w], IBC [ w], ICC [ w] : Winding

R _ IC  ( ICC [1]  ICC [ 2]  ICC [3] ) / 2

compensation current

Instantaneous differential protection(50/87)

Instantaneous differential protection acts instantaneous if magnitude of differential current
becomes more than setting value.
Differential current is magnitude of vector difference of calculated compensating current
through compensation expression and not difference of current magnitude that pass to
winding.
3-35
PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

Percent differential protection(87T)

Current percent differential protection acts by instantaneous/definite time according to ratio
setting of restraint current and differential current. Ratio property can do second-stage setting
by low current area and high current area. Percent differential protection element has 2
harmonics / 5 harmonics constraint element to prevent malfunction by inrush or
overexcitation of transformer. Also, when it is wye grounded system outside grounding fault,
relay is equiping function that correct ground current that occur. Current percent differential
protection element uses wye connection CT basically, but already can accommodate CT for
placed phase compensation.
Differential
Current

50/87
Pickup
TRIPPING
AREA SLOPE2

SLOPE1

87T
Pickup

KNEE POINT Restrain

Current

Figure 3-1 Current instantaneous/percent differential protection operating characteristic

W1_IA
W1_IB DIFF_A
W1_IC
I0 comp..
Differential
> 50/87_PKP_A
Calculate
W2_IA
W2_IB event
W2_IC -----------
---------------
------

W3_IA
W3_IB
W3_IC 0 T
50/87_OP_A

event
-----------
---------------
------

PHS W1-W2 W1-W3 FUNC

SETTING TYPE
COMP PHS PHS TION
BLOCK PICKUP DELAY EVENT

Figure 3-2 Current instantaneous differential protection operating characteristic

3-36
PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

R_IA
W1_IA
W1_IB I0 comp.. DIFF_A
W1_IC Differential 50/87_PKP_A
/Restraint DIFF2_A
W2_IA /Comp..
event
W2_IB
W2_IC
Calculate DIFF5_A > -----------
---------------
------

W3_IA 2ND or 5TH

W3_IB DIFF5
W3_IC X 100 0 T
DIFF
> 87T_OP_A

2ND event
DIFF5 -----------
X 100 ---------------
DIFF
> ------

5TH

PHS W1-W2 W1-W3 FUNC KNEE HARM

SETTING TYPE
COMP PHS PHS TION
BLOCK PICKUP SLOPE1 SLOPE2
POINT
I2f/I1f I5f/I1f
BLOCK
DELAY EVENT

Figure 3-3 Current percent differential protection operating characteristic

SETTING/ PROTECT#1~#4/ HOC(50/87)

Setting Item Step Unit Description
1. FUNCTION ENABLED, DISABLED Whether function use or not
2. PICKUP 10 ~ 150A (1) A Differential current Pickup
3. DELAY 0.00 ~ 60.00(0.01) sec Operating delay time
4. BLOCK EasyLogic operand Protection blocking condition
5. EVENT ENABLED, DISABLED Whether event record or not

SETTING/ PROTECT#1~#4/ PHS DIFF(87T)

Setting Item Step Unit Description
1. FUNCTION ENABLED, DISABLED Whether function use or not
2. PICKUP 0.20 ~ 2.50(0.01) A Differential current Pickup
3. SLOPE1 5 ~ 100(1) % Low current area ratio setting
4. SLOPE2 20 ~ 200(1) % High current area ratio setting
5. KNEE POINT 5.0 ~ 100.0(0.1) A Border current of low current area and high
current area
6. HARM BLOCK NONE, 2ND, 5TH, Harmonics restraint element selection
2ND+5TH NONE : Harmonics restraint element not
use
2ND:2 harmonics use
5TH:5 harmonics use
2ND+5TH:2 harmonics + 5 harmonics use
7. I2f/I1f 5.0 ~ 40.0 % (2 harmonics differential current /
fundamental wave differential current)*100
8. I5f/I1f 5.0 ~ 40.0 % (5 harmonics differential current /
fundamental wave differential current)*100
9. DELAY 0.00 ~ 60.00 sec Operating delay time
10. BLOCK EasyLogic operand Protection blocking condition
11. EVENT ENABLED, DISABLED Whether event record or not

3-37
PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

Metering and EasyLogic Operand

LCD display Item Description
Winding#1 A, B, C Phase compensation current Secondary magnitude,
W1_C_IA, IB, IC
angle
Winding#2 A, B, C Phase compensation current Secondary magnitude,
W2_C_IA, IB, IC
angle
Winding#3 A, B, C Phase compensation current Secondary magnitude,
W3_C_IA, IB, IC
angle
DIFF_IA, IB, IC A, B, C Phase differential current Secondary magnitude
DIFF2_IA, IB, IC A, B, C Phase 2 harmonics differential current Secondary magnitude
DIFF5_IA, IB, IC A, B, C Phase 5 harmonics differential current Secondary magnitude
R_IA, IB, IC A, B, C Phase restraint current Secondary magnitude
50/87_PKP Current instantaneous/percent differential protection Pickup OR
Current instantaneous/percent differential protection A, B, C Phase
50/87_PKP_A, B, C
Pickup
50/87_OP Current instantaneous differential protection operation OR
50/87_OP_A, B, C Current instantaneous differential protection A, B, C phase operation
87T_OP Current percent differential protection operation OR
87T_OP_A, B, C Current percent differential protection A, B, C phase operation

3.2.2 Phase/Ground Overcurrent Protection (50/51, 50N/51N)

Phase/Ground overcurrent protection is consisted of instantaneous/definite time phase
overcurrent(50_1, 50_2), inverse time phase overcurrent(51), instantaneous/definite time
ground overcurrent(50N_1, 50N_2), inverse time ground overcurrent (51N). Can embody 3
steps protection property if mix independent 3 elements by phase/ground element. Minimum
operating time of instantaneous/definite time element is below 40msec. Inverse time element
property curve is consisted of IEC class 4, IEEE/ANSI class 7, KEPCO class 3. Detection
current of phase overcurrent protection uses CT secondary current that is inputted to relay
independently of compensating current that use in percent differential protection.
Input current of ground overcurrent protection element can get from ground protection CT or
residual connection of 3phase CT.

Detailed contents for property curve expect to refer to Appendix C. Time Characteristics
Curves.

3-38
PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

Figure 3-4 Phase/Ground overcurrent protection operating characteristic

Wx : Winding x

Wx_IA
Wx_IB
> Wx_50/51_PKP_A
Wx_IC
event
-----------
---------------
------

0 T
Wx_50_1_OP_A

event
-----------
---------------
------

FUNC
SETTING TION
BLOCK PICKUP DELAY EVENT

Figure 3-5 Instantaneous/definite time phase overcurrent protection operating characteristic

3-39
PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

Wx : Winding x

Wx_IA
Wx_IB
> Wx_50/51_PKP_A
Wx_IC
event
-----------
---------------
------

Wx_51_OP_A

event
-----------
---------------
------

FUNC MULTIP
SETTING TION
BLOCK PICKUP CURVE
LIER
EVENT

Figure 3-6 Time delay phase overcurrent protection operating characteristic

Wx : Winding x

Wx_IN > Wx_50/51N_PKP

event
-----------
---------------
------

0 T
Wx_50N_1_OP

event
-----------
---------------
------

FUNC
SETTING TION
BLOCK PICKUP DELAY EVENT

Figure 3-7 Instantaneous/definite time ground overcurrent protection operating characteristic

Wx : Winding x

Wx_IN > Wx_50/51N_PKP

event
-----------
---------------
------

Wx_51N_OP

event
-----------
---------------
------

FUNC MULTIP
SETTING TION
BLOCK PICKUP CURVE
LIER
EVENT

Figure 3-8 Time delay ground overcurrent protection operating characteristic

3-40
PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

SETTING/ PROTECT#1~#4/ Winding#1~#3/ IOC1(Wx_50_1), IOC2(Wx_50_2)

SETTING/ PROTECT#1~#4/ Winding#1~#3/ IOCG1(Wx_50N_1), IOCG2(Wx_50N_2)
Setting Item Step Unit Description
1. FUNCTION ENABLED, DISABLED Whether function use or not
2. PICKUP 0.50 ~ 100.00 (0.01) A Pickup current
3. DELAY 0.00 ~ 60.00 sec Operating delay time
4. BLOCK EasyLogic operand Protection blocking condition
5. EVENT ENABLED, DISABLED Whether event record or not

SETTING/ PROTECT#1~#4/ Winding#1~#3/ TOC(Wx_51)

SETTING/ PROTECT#1~#4/ Winding#1~#3/ TOCG(Wx_51N)
Setting Item Step Unit Description
1. FUNCTION ENABLED, DISABLED Whether function use or not
2. CURVE IEC_NI, …, KDNI Inverse curve setting.
IEC_NI : IEC Normal Inverse
IEC_VI : IEC Very Inverse
IEC_EI : IEC Extremely Inverse
IEC_LI : IEC Long Inverse
ANSI_I : ANSI Inverse
ANSI_SI: ANSI Short Inverse
ANSI_LI: ANSI Long Inverse
ANSI_MI: ANSI Moderately Inverse
ANSI_VI: ANSI Very Inverse
ANSI_EI :ANSI Extremely Inverse
ANSI_DI : ANSI Definite Inverse
KNI : KEPCO Normal Inverse
KVI : KEPCO Very Inverse
KDNI:KEPCO Definite Normal Inverse
3. PICKUP 0.50 ~ 100.00 (0.01) A Pickup current
4. MULTIPLIER 0.01 ~ 10.00 (0.01) Time Multiplier
4. BLOCK EasyLogic operand Protection blocking condition
5. EVENT ENABLED, DISABLED Whether event record or not

Metering and EasyLogic Operand

LCD display Item Description
Wx_50/51_PKP Winding#x Phase overcurrent protection Pickup OR
Wx_50/51_PKP_A, B, C Winding#x Phase overcurrent protection A, B, C Phase Pickup
Winding#x Instantaneous/definite time phase overcurrent protection 1
Wx_50_1_OP
operating OR
Winding#x Instantaneous/definite time phase overcurrent protection 1
Wx_50_1_OP_A, B, C
A,B,C Phase operating
Winding#x Instantaneous/definite time phase overcurrent protection 2
Wx_50_2_OP
operating OR
Winding#x Instantaneous/definite time phase overcurrent protection 2
Wx_50_2_OP_A, B, C
A, B, C Phase operating
Wx_51_OP Winding#x Time delay phase overcurrent protection operating OR
Winding#x Time delay phase overcurrent protection A, B, C Phase
Wx_51_OP_A, B, C
operating
Wx_50/51N_PKP Winding#x Ground overcurrent protection Pickup OR
Wx_50N_1_OP Winding#x Instantaneous/definite time ground overcurrent protection 1

3-41
PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

operating
Winding#x Instantaneous/definite time ground overcurrent protection 2
Wx_50N_2_OP
operating
Wx_51N_OP Winding#x Time delay ground overcurrent protection operating

3.2.3 Negative Sequence Overcurrent Protection (46, 46T)

Negative sequence overcurrent protection element is applied to detect unbalance fault that
ground overcurrent protection element does not detect. Negative sequence overcurrent
protection element have same protection elements of instantaneous/definite time 2, inverse
time 1 as phase/ground overcurrent protection (50/51, 50N/51N) element. Pickup current (I2)
of negative sequence overcurrent protection is
1
I 2  ( I A  a 2 IB  aIc) , ABC phase rotation.
3
Negative sequence overcurrent protection that TRANSFORMER/PHS COMP setting is
INTERNAL in transformer only in occasion negative sequence current metering and negative
sequence overcurrent protection runs.
Minimum operating time of instantaneous/definite time element is below 40msec. Inverse
time element property curve is consisted of IEC class 4, IEEE/ANSI class 7, KEPCO class 3.
Detailed contents for property curve expect to refer to Appendix C. Time Characteristics
Curves.

Wx : Winding x
I2 : Negitive sequence phase current

I2
Wx_IA
Wx_IB
I2
Calculate
> Wx_46_PKP
Wx_IC
event
-----------
---------------
------

0 T
Wx_46_1_OP

event
-----------
---------------
------

FUNC
SETTING TION
BLOCK PICKUP DELAY EVENT

Figure 3-9 Instantaneous/definite time negative sequence overcurrent protection operating characteristic

3-42
PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

Wx : Winding x
I2 : Negitive sequence phase current

I2
Wx_IA
Wx_IB
I2
Calculate
> Wx_46_PKP
Wx_IC
event
-----------
---------------
------

Wx_46T_OP

event
-----------
---------------
------

FUNC MULTIP
SETTING TION
BLOCK PICKUP CURVE
LIER
EVENT

Figure 3-10 Time delay negative sequence overcurrent protection operating characteristic

SETTING/ PROTECT#1~#4/ Winding#1~#3/ NSOC1(Wx_46_1)/NSOC2(Wx_46_2)

Setting Item Step Unit Description
1. FUNCTION ENABLED, DISABLED Whether function use or not
2. PICKUP 0.50 ~ 100.00 (0.01) A Negetive sequence current Pickup
3. DELAY 0.00 ~ 60.00 sec Operation delay time
4. BLOCK EasyLogic operand Protection blocking condition
5. EVENT ENABLED, DISABLED Whether event record or not

SETTING/ PROTECT#1~#4/ Winding#1~#3/ TNSOC(Wx_46T)

Setting Item Step Unit Description
1. FUNCTION ENABLED, DISABLED Whether function use or not
2. CURVE IEC_NI, …, KDNI Inverse curve setting.
Is equal with phase overcurrent protection
element.
3. PICKUP 0.50 ~ 100.00 (0.01) A Negetive sequence current Pickup
4. MULTIPLIER 0.01 ~ 10.00 (0.01) Time Multiplier
4. BLOCK EasyLogic operand Protection blocking condition
5. EVENT ENABLED, DISABLED Whether event record or not

Metering and EasyLogic Operand

LCD display Item Description
Wx_I2 Winding#x Negative sequence Secondary current magnitude, angle
Wx_46_PKP Winding#x Negative sequence overcurrent protection Pickup OR
Winding#x Instantaneous/definite time negative sequence overcurrent
Wx_46_1_OP
protection 1 operation
Winding#x Instantaneous/definite time negative sequence overcurrent
Wx_46_2_OP
protection 2 operation
Winding#x Time delay negative sequence overcurrent protection
Wx_46T_OP
operation

3-43
PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

3.2.4 Restricted ground fault protection(87G)

Because restricted ground fault protection element is small magnitude of fault current, can not
detect by percent differential protection element(87T). Near these occasion transformer
grounding point winding more between to microscopic grounding fault detection such as
short circuit apply.
Differential current used to restricted ground fault protection element is difference of three-
phase current vector sum (3I0) by winding and CT current (Ig) placed in GND. Restraint
current uses maximum value of three-phase current. Restricted ground fault protection
element is acting definite time element according to ratio setting of restraint current (Imax)
and differential current (Igd).
Restricted ground fault protection phase CT ratio and ground ground CT ratio slipway when
differ correct should. CT Ratio setting wants to refer PHS CT RATIO/GND CT RATIO by
winding of transformer.
3Phase current vector sum, 3I 0  I A  IB  Ic
Ground point CT Ratio compensation, I * g  (PHS _ CT _ RATIO ) * Ig Ig:
GND_ CT _ RATIO
Ground point CT current
Differential current, Igd  3I 0  I * g
Restraint current, Im ax  MAX ( I A , I B , I C )

Igd Tripping Area

SLOPE

Blocking Area

Pickup

Imax

Figure 3-11 Restricted ground fault protection characteristic

3-44
PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

Wx : Winding x
I0 : Zero sequence phase current
Ig : Wx_IN
Imax : Max(Wx_IA,Wx_IB,Wx_IC)

3I0 |3I0-Ig|
Wx_IA
Wx_IB Calculate, Wx_87G_PKP
Max. phase Imax
Wx_IC
Wx_IN current
detect event
-----------
---------------
------

0 T
Wx_87G_OP

event
-----------
---------------
------

FUNC
SETTING TION
BLOCK PICKUP SLOPE DELAY EVENT

Figure 3-12 Restricted ground fault protection operation characteristic

SETTING/ PROTECT#1~#4/ Winding#1~#3/ GND DIFF(Wx_87G)

Setting Item Step Unit Description
1. FUNCTION ENABLED, DISABLED Whether function use or not
2. PICKUP 0.50 ~ 100.00 (0.01) A Ground differential current Pickup
3. SLOPE 5 ~ 100% (1) % Operating ratio
(Igd/Imax)*100
4. DELAY 0.00 ~ 60.00 sec Operation delay time
5. BLOCK EasyLogic operand Protection blocking condition
6. EVENT ENABLED, DISABLED Whether event record or not

Metering and EasyLogic Operand

LCD display Item Description
Wx_I0 Winding#x zero sequence Primary current magnitude, angle
Wx_87G_PKP Winding#x restricted ground fault protection Pickup
Wx_87G_OP Winding#x restricted ground fault protection operation

3-45
PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

3.2.5 Overvoltage Protection(59)/Undervoltage Protection(27)

Overvoltage protection element is single phase protection element that is consisted of OV1
(59_1) and OV2 (59_2) acting by definite/inverse time element that act by definite time
element. Inverse time dynamic characteristic is equal with property of induction type
overvoltage relay. Relay acts in case of inputted phase voltage is more than pickup. Detailed
contents for property curve expect to refer to Appendix C. Time Characteristics Curves

Undervoltage protection element is single phase protection element that is consisted of UV1
(27_1) and UV2 (27_2) acting by definite/inverse time element that act by definite time
element. Inverse time dynamic characteristic is equal with property of induction type
overvoltage relay. Relay acts in case of inputted phase voltage is below than pickup. Detailed
contents for property curve expect to refer to Appendix C. Time Characteristics Curves

VA > 59_PKP

event
-----------
---------------
------

0 T
59_1_OP

event
-----------
---------------
------

FUNC
SETTING TION
BLOCK PICKUP DELAY EVENT

Figure 3-13 Definite time overvoltage protection operating characteristic

VA > 59_PKP

event
-----------
0 T ---------------
------

DT
59_2_OP

event
-----------
---------------
------

INVERSE

FUNC MULTIP
SETTING TION
BLOCK PICKUP MODE
LIER
DELAY EVENT

Figure 3-14 Inverse time overvoltage protection operating characteristic

3-46
PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

VA < 27_PKP

event
-----------
---------------
------

0 T
27_1_OP

event
-----------
---------------
------

FUNC
SETTING TION
BLOCK PICKUP DELAY EVENT

Figure 3-15 Definite time undervoltage protection operating characteristic

VA < 27_PKP

event
-----------
0 T ---------------
------

DT
27_2_OP

event
-----------
---------------
------

INVERSE

FUNC MULTIP
SETTING TION
BLOCK PICKUP MODE
LIER
DELAY EVENT

Figure 3-16 Inverse time undervoltage protection operating characteristic

SETTING/ PROTECT#1~#4/ OV(59)/ OV1(59_1)

SETTING/ PROTECT#1~#4/ UV(27)/ UV1(27_1)
Setting Item Step Unit Description
1. FUNCTION ENABLED, DISABLED Whether function use or not
2. PICKUP 5 ~ 170 (1) V Voltage Pickup
4. DELAY 0.00 ~ 60.00 sec Operation delay time
5. BLOCK EasyLogic operand Protection blocking condition
6. EVENT ENABLED, DISABLED Whether event record or not

3-47
PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

SETTING/ PROTECT#1~#4/ OV(59)/ OV2(59_2)

SETTING/ PROTECT#1~#4/ UV(27)/ UV2(27_2)
Setting Item Step Unit Description
1. FUNCTION ENABLED, DISABLED Whether function use or not
2. MODE DT, INVERSE Operating Mode setting
DT : Definite time
INVERSE : Inverse time
3. PICKUP 5 ~ 170 (1) V Voltage Pickup
4. DELAY 0.00 ~ 60.00 sec Operation delay time
4. MULTIPLIER 0.01 ~ 10.00(0.01) Time Multiplier
5. BLOCK EasyLogic operand Protection blocking condition
6. EVENT ENABLED, DISABLED Whether event record or not

Metering and EasyLogic Operand

LCD display Item Description
VA Single phase primary voltage magnitude, angle
59_PKP Single phase Overvoltage Pickup OR
59_1_OP Single phase Overvoltage 1 Operation OR
59_2_OP Single phase Overvoltage 2 Operation OR
27_PKP Single phase Undervoltage Pickup OR
27_1_OP Single phase Undervoltage 1 Operation OR
27_2_OP Single phase Undervoltage 2 Operation OR

3-48
PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

3.2.6 Overexcitation protection(V/Hz, 24)

Overexcitation protection element is used to prevent damage of transformer by overexcitation.
It becomes overexcitation driving because saturated phenomenon happens and excitation
current enlarges in case of drive transformer more than rated voltage, or drives by rated
frequency low. Life-time of transformer by overheats of malfunction and inside structure of
percent differential relay at overexcitation driving is shortened, and power dissipation is
increased. There are 2 overexcitation protection elements that act by definite time about
single-phase voltage input to relay. Voltage uses single-phase voltage input(A-phase). To
FREQUENCY, PHS PT SEC setting of POWER SYSTEM must be confirmed when set
pickup.
FREQUENCY : Frequency setting(POWER SYSTEM)
PHS PT SEC : Phase PT Secondary setting(POWER SYSTEM)
VA : Phase A voltage measurement
Frequency : Frequency measurement

Frequency VA
VA VA
Measure, VA
PHSPTSEC
Frequency
> 24_PKP
Frequency FREQUENCY
Calculate
event
-----------
---------------
------

>
0 T
24_1_OP

event
-----------
---------------
------

FREQU PHS PT FUNC MIN

SETTING ENCY SEC TION
BLOCK
VOLT
PICKUP DELAY EVENT

Figure 3-17 Overexcitation protection operating characteristic

SETTING/ PROTECT#1~#4/ V/Hz1(24_1), V/Hz2(24_2)

Setting Item Step Unit Description
1. FUNCTION ENABLED, DISABLED Whether function use or not
2. PICKUP 1.00 ~ 4.00(0.01) V/Hz V/Hz Pickup
(Input voltage/rated voltage)/(Frequency
metering/rated frequency)
3. MIN VOLT 5 ~ 50 (1) V Minimum operating voltage setting
4. DELAY 0.00 ~ 180.00 sec Operation delay time
5. BLOCK EasyLogic operand Protection blocking condition
6. EVENT ENABLED, DISABLED Whether event record or not

Metering and EasyLogic Operand

LCD display Item Description
FREQUENCY Single phase voltage frequency
24_PKP Overexcitation protection Pickup OR
24_1_OP Overexcitation protection 1 operation
24_2_OP Overexcitation protection 2 operation

3-49
PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

3.2.7 Circuit Breaker Fail Protection(50BF)

After circuit breaker fail protection passes fault exclusion expectation time after relay
displays trip signal to circuit breaker for fault origination, in case current passes continually, it
is the second protection element that do it so that may act circuit breaker of high position
system by circuit breaker fail signal and does so that remove fault.

It operates when phase current (W1_IA, W1_IB, W1_IC) is over pickup after expectation trip
delay time passes moving to set Trip point of contact, relay acts. Trip contact output setting is
possible to CONTACT OUTPUT#1 ~ CONTACT OUTPUT#6. Circuit breaker fail
protection is applied only to transformer primary winding.

W1_IA >

W1_IB > 0 T
50BF_OP

event
-----------

W1_IC > ---------------

------

FUNC TRIP
SETTING TION
BLOCK PICKUP
INPUT
DELAY EVENT

Figure 3-18 Circuit breaker fail protection operating characteristic

SETTING/ PROTECT#1~#4/ CBF(50BF)

Setting Item Step Unit Description
1. FUNCTION ENABLED, DISABLED Whether function use or not
2. TRIP INPUT CONT OUT#1 ~ #6 Trip input contact
3. PICKUP 0.50 ~ 2.50(0.01) A Current Pickup
4. DELAY 0.00 ~ 60.00 sec Function start delay time after Trip output
5. BLOCK EasyLogic operand Protection blocking condition
6. EVENT ENABLED, DISABLED Whether event record or not

Metering and EasyLogic Operand

LCD display Item Description
50BF_OP Circuit breaker fail protection operation

3-50
PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

3.2.8 Cold Load Pickup(COLDLD)

Inrush current when it is line, transformer and reactor etc are injected can lead to malfunction
to exceed setting value of time of normal operation of protection element. Can achieve most
suitable protection that Cold Load Pickup element applies setting value of protection element
high during setup time from injection detecting closing time and stationary state applies
proper form setting value. Relay has operation delay time and acts in case of it is below size
that phase current (W1_IA, W1_IB, W1_IC) is set all, and relay has reset delay time and
returns in case of it is more than size that current more than 1 among phase current is set.

Cu rren

N ormal Cu r

Tim e
Figure 3-19 Cold Load Pickup current shape

W1_IA <
COLD_LD_PKP

W1_IB < event

-----------
---------------
------

W1_IC < 0 T

COLD_LD_OP

event
-----------
---------------
------
T 0

FUNC OP RESET
SETTING TION
BLOCK PICKUP
DELAY DELAY
EVENT

Figure 3-20 Cold Load Pickup operating characteristic

SETTING/ PROTECT#1~#4/ COLD LD

Setting Item Step Unit Description
1. FUNCTION ENABLED, DISABLED Whether function use or not
2. PICKUP 0.10 ~ 5.00 (0.01) A Cold Load Pickup current
3. OP DELAY 0~1000(1) sec Operation delay time
4. RESET DELAY 0~1000(1) sec Reset delay time
5. BLOCK EasyLogic operand Protection blocking condition
6. EVENT ENABLED, DISABLED Whether event record or not

3-51
PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

Metering and EasyLogic Operand

LCD display Item Description
COLD_LD_PKP Cold Load Pickup detect Pickup
COLD_LD_OP Cold Load Pickup detect Operation

3.2.9 Inrush Detection

Inrush current detection element is used into expenditure that prevent malfunction of
protection element from inrush current that occur when it is pressurization of long-distance
line, transformer, reactor etc. When inrush current detection element is more than size that
fundamental wave current (I1f) is set, and ratio of 2 harmonics current (I2f) and fundamental
wave current is more than setting value, it is acting instantaneous/definite time element. Relay
can control protection element operation during inrush current detection through 'Block'
setting that is to each protection element. Inrush detection is applied only to transformer
primary winding.

I2f_A
W1_IA I1f, I2f
W1_IB Calculate
I1f_A
I2f
I1f
X 100
> 0 T

I2f/I1f_OP
W1_IC

event
-----------
---------------
------

>

FUNC
SETTING TION
BLOCK I2f/I1f MIN I1f DELAY EVENT

Figure 3-21 Inrush current detection operating characteristic

SETTING/ PROTECT#1~#4/ INRUSH

Setting Item Step Unit Description
1. FUNCTION ENABLED, DISABLED Whether function use or not
2. I2f/I1f 10 ~ 100% (1) % (2 harmonics current / fundamental wave
current)*100
3. MIN I1f 0.10 ~ 2.50(0.01) A fundamental wave minimum operating
current
4. DELAY 0.00 ~ 60.00 sec Operating time delay
5. BLOCK EasyLogic operand Protection blocking condition
6. EVENT ENABLED, DISABLED Whether event record or not

Metering and EasyLogic Operand

LCD display Item Description
I2f/I1f_OP Inrush current detection operation

3-52
PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

3.3 Subsidiary Function

3.3.1 Record
Event/Fault record
Relay can record event & fault recording up to 1024. All events record with information
occurrence time by resolution of 1msec.
Event/Fault items are power On/Off, protection operation status, digital input/output status,
CB control, setting change, monitoring/diagnostic status, event data clear, waveform data
clear, circuit breaker output counter change etc. When it is protection element operation status
change, relay records together fault information.

 Single Phase voltage frequency, Secondary magnitude

 Winding#1 current A,B,C Phase Secondary magnitude

 Winding#2 current A,B,C Phase Secondary magnitude

 Winding#3 current A,B,C Phase Secondary magnitude

 A, B, C Phase differential current Secondary magnitude

 A, B, C Phase restraint current Secondary magnitude

 Winding#1~#3 N-Phase current Secondary magnitude

 Winding#1~#3 current magnitude compensation Factor

Recorded events are listed up in LCD, and uploaded to PACManager ™ locally or by

SCADA remotely. Event recording is kept even if power of relay is lost.

Figure 3-22 PACManagerTM Event record

3-53
PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

Waveform record
PAC-T100 has fault oscillograph function up to 8 waveforms with 32 sampling rate in non-
volatile memory. Waveform has maximum 4 second recording time, where current, voltage,
I/O contacts, protection element status are included.
Trigger condition to start recording can be I/O contact status change, protection element
operation, and combination of internal logic configuration by EasyLogic™. And trigger
position can be set in 0~99% location of total waveform size.

Figure 3-23 PACManagerTM Waveform Analysis

Recorded waveform are listed up in LCD, and uploaded to PACManager ™ locally or by

SCADA remotely. Waveform recording is kept even if power of relay is lost. Waveform is of
COMTRADE file format so that it can be used for fault simulation with fault analysis and
relay test equipment.

SETTING/ SYSTEM/ WAVEFORM RECORD

Setting Item Step Unit Description
1. TYPE 8*80, 4*160, 2*320 Cycle Waveform save number and capacity
8*50 : 8 Number, 80cycle
2. TRIGGER SRC EasyLogic operand Trigger source setting
3. TIRGGER POS .0 ~ 99% (1) % Trigger position setting
40% : Waveform(40%) before trigger +
waveform(60%) after trigger

3-54
PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

3.3.2 Circuit breaker control

Relay can set up necessary setting to control circuit breaker 2 in
SETTING/SYSTEM/BREAKER. ID of circuit breaker can set 12 characters. Each character
should be set by English upper/lower-case, digit, spatial character registered to keyboard.
Each circuit breaker status can use one of 52a and 52b by contact input, or use everybody by
contact input. Mark status of circuit breaker according to status of contact input in case of use
contact input 1, relay marks status of circuit breaker according to 2 contact input statuses in
case of use 2 by contact input. If use 2 digital inputs, can not control circuit breaker judging
that problem is to point of contact connection of circuit breaker or circuit breaker if status of
point of contact is same.
If status of CB is shown abnormally, confirm setting of contact input, activation of set
contact input and connection status.

SETTING/ SYSTEM/ BREAKER#1~#2

Setting Item Step Unit Description
1. FUNCTION ENABLED, DISABLED Whether function use or not
2. ID ASCII Circuit breaker ID, 12 character
3. TRIP PULSE 0.1 ~ 5.0 (0.1) sec Circuit breaker Trip control pulse
4. CLOSE PULSE 0.1 ~ 5.0 (0.1) sec Circuit breaker Close control pulse
5. 52a INPUT NONE, Circuit breaker status(52A) contact input
CONT IN#1~CONT IN#16 NONE : Circuit breaker status judgment by
52a
6. 52b INPUT NONE, Circuit breaker status(52B) contact input
CONT IN#1~CONT IN#16 NONE : Circuit breaker status judgment by
52b
7. KEY CTRL ENABLED, DISABLED Whether allowable local control for circuit
breaker or not
DISABLED : In local circuit breaker
control prohibition

3-55
PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

3.3.3 Trip circuit supervision (TCS)

This is alarming function is case the status of a contact input feedback from trip contact
output keeps “0” status for more than 5 minutes. To monitor without CB open/close status
information, CB aux contacts (52a, 52b) and resistance are required.

V+

Trip Contact

Trip circuit monitor contact

52a 52b
i

52
Trip Coil

V-

Figure 3-24 TCS circuit composition

SETTING/ SYSTEM/ TCS

Setting Item Step Unit Description
1. FUNCTION ENABLED, DISABLED Whether function use or not
2. TRIP INPUT CONTIN#1 Trip input
~CONT IN#16

Metering and EasyLogic Operand

LCD display Item Description
TCS_FAIL TCS operation

3-56
PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

3.3.4 Communication
SETTING/SYSTEM/COMMUNICATION sets that need in 2 RS485 communications that is
situated to relay rear. Appear in 2 RS485 communication port settings and DNP3.0 protocol
setting screen in case of DNP3.0 protocol is included product. Appear in 2 RS485
communication port setting screens in case of IEC60870-5-103 protocol is included product.
COM2 is Modbus protocol dedicated, and protocol change is possible COM1.
Should do power Off/On certainly after store setting if change COM#1's
protocol. (Reflection does not become by protocol that change power if do not
Off/On.)

SETTING/ SYSTEM/ COM#1~#2

Setting Item Step Unit Description
1. FUNCTION ENABLED, DISABLED Whether function use or not
2. BPS 300, 1200, 2400, 4800, Bit/sec
9600, 19200, 38400
3. SLAVE ADDR 1~65534(1) sec Slave address
Modbus, IEC60870-5-103 (1~254)
4. PROTOCOL ModBus,DNP3.0 or sec Application communication protocol
Modbus,IEC60870-5-103 Differ according to ordering option

SETTING/ SYSTEM/ DNP3.0

Setting Item Step Unit Description
1. TX DELAY 0 ~ 65000(1) msec Tx delay time
2. LINK CONFIRM NEVER, ALWAYS, Link layer confirm
SOMETIMES
3. LINK RETRY 0~5(1) Link layer retry count
4. LINK TIMEOUT 1 ~ 65000(1) msec Link layer timeout
5. SBO TIMEOUT 1 ~ 65000(1) msec SBO timeout
6. WR TIME INT 1 ~ 65000(1) min Write time interval
7. COLD RESTART ENABLED, DISABLED sec Cold restart.

3-57
PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

3.3.5 SYSTEM Time

System time may set in local or remote through communication.

SETTING/SYSTEM/RTC is used to change system time that is placed inside protective relay.
Setting order is order year/month/day/hour:minute:second.
Select each item by left( ), right( ) key, and changes value by up( ), down( ) key. If
press ENTER key, time is set.

SETTING/ SYSTEM/ RTC

Setting Item Step Unit Description
YYYY 2000 ~ 2100(1) Year
MM 01~12(1) Month
DD 01~31(1) Day
HH 00~23(1) Hour
MM 00~59(1) Minute
SS 00~59(1) Second

3-58
PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

4 Application example
4.1 Wiring and setting
CBA

PAC-T100
28
VA 13 Table 4-1 Application example POWER SYSTEM
setting
16
W1_IA 1 Power System Setting 단위
17
1. FREQUENCY 60Hz
W1_IB 2
18
2. PHS PT PRI 154000 V
W1_IC 3 3. PHS PT SEC 110 V
19 4. SET GROUP GROUP#1
W1_IN 4 Transformer
1. TYPE Y-D
2. PHS COMP INTERNAL
3. W1-W2 PHS 30 ◦ lag
20 3. W1-W3 PHS -- ◦ lag
W2_IA 5 Winding#1
21 1. NORM VOLT 154.00 kV
W2_IB 6
2. RATED LOAD 60.00 MVA
22
W2_IC 7
3. PHS CT RATIO 400 :5
23 4. GND CT RATIO 200 :5
W2_IN 8 5. GROUNDING YES
CBA Winding#2
24 1. NORM VOLT 22.90 kV
W3_IA 9 2. RATED LOAD 60.00 MVA
25
3. PHS CT RATIO 2000 :5
W3_IB 10
26
4. GND CT RATIO 500 :5
W3_IC 11 5. GROUNDING NO
27
W3_IN 12

Figure 4-1 Application example two windings transformer wiring

Set SETTING/POWER SYSTEM like table 4-1 and inputs current/voltage.

4-59
PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

4.2 Measurement

Current/Voltage input
Terminal Input value
FREQUENCY 60Hz
VA 110
W1_IA 1.00 A, 0.0 o
W1_IB 2.00 A, 240.0 o
W1_IC 3.00 A, 120.0 o
W1_IN 1.00 A, 0.0 o
W2_IA 1.00 A, 180.0 o
W2_IB 2.00 A, 60.0 o
W2_IC 3.00 A, 300.0 o

Primary current/voltage/frequency/Sequence current display

Current/voltage magnitude reflects CT and PT Ratio setting by transformer winding and
marks by primary current/voltage. Phase metering marks via winding#1 A-phase current.

 Voltage : (154000/110)*110 = 154000[V],0.0 o

 Winding#1 A-phase current: (400/5)*1 = 80[A], 0.0 o

 Winding#1 B-phase current: (400/5)*2 = 160[A], 240.0 o

 Winding#1 C-phase current: (400/5)*3 = 240[A], 120.0 o

 Winding#1 N-phase current: (200/5)*1 = 40[A], 0.0 o

 Winding#2 A-phase current: (2000/5)*1 = 400[A], 180.0 o

 Winding#2 B-phase current: (2000/5)*2 = 800[A], 60.0 o


Winding#2 C-phase current: (2000/5)*3 = 1200[A], 300.0 o

4-60
PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

Referencce Angle Referencce Angle

I1
IA

I0 I2
IB
IC

Current Input Symmetrical Component

Figure 4-2 Sequence current
1
I 0  ( I A  IB  IC )
 Winding#1 zero sequence current, 3 :(400/5)*0.57 =
45.6[A],150.0 o
1
I1  ( IA  aIB  a 2 Ic)
 Winding#1 positive sequence current, 3 :(400/5)*2 =
160[A], 0o
1
I 2  ( I A  a 2 IB  aIc)
 Winding#1 negative sequence current, 3 :(400/5)*0.57=
45.6[A], 210 o

4.3 Current differential measurement

Current/Voltage input
Terminal Input value
FREQUENCY 60Hz
VA 110
W1_IA 1.00 A, 0.0 o
W1_IB 1.00 A, 240.0 o
W1_IC 1.00 A, 120.0 o
W1_IN 0.50 A, 0.0 o
W2_IA 1.00 A, 150.0o
W2_IB 1.00 A, 30.0o
W2_IC 1.00 A, 270.0 o

4-61
PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

Phase and ground current compensation

 Phase compensation reference winding: ᇞ winding(Winding#2)

 Phase compensation value: Өw1 = 0-(-30) = 30 °lag, Өw2 = 0-0 = 0

 Ground current remove(0, 0 Compensation Table reference)

IA*  1 / 3IA  1/ 3IC
IB*  1 / 3IB  1/ 3IA
 Winding#1 phase compensation :
IC*  1 / 3IC  1/ 3IB
I*  I , I*  I , I*  I
A A B B C C
 Winding#2 phase compensation :
Reference winding, magnitude compensation value

 Rated current calculate

60MVA 60MVA
I rated [1]   224.94 A I rated [2]   1506.13 A
3  154kV , 3  23kV
 CT margin ratio calculate(magnitude reference winding : winding#2)
80 400
I m arg in [1]   0.35 I m arg in [2]   0.27
224.94 , 1506.13
 Magnitude compensation value calculate,
154  80 23  400
M [1]   1.34 M [2]   1.000
23  400 , 23  400
Compensation current(Secondary)
If apply phase and magnitude compensation value, compensating current by winding is as
following.

 Winding#1 A-Phase: 1/√3(1∠ 0 o-1∠120o)*1.34 = 1.34[A],330.0 o

 Winding#1 B-Phase: 1/√3(1∠240 o-1∠ 0o)*1.34 = 1.34[A],210.0 o

 Winding#1 C-Phase: 1/√3(1∠120 o-1∠240o)*1.34 = 1.34[A], 90.0 o

 Winding#2 A-Phase: 1A*1*1.00 = 1.00[A], 150.0o

 Winding#2 B-Phase: 1A*1*1.00 = 1.00[A], 30.0o

 Winding#2 C-Phase: 1A*1*1.00 = 1.00[A], 270.0 o

Differential current/Restraint current

 A-Phase differential current: 0.34[A]

 B-Phase differential current: 0.34[A]

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 C-Phase differential current: 0.34[A]

 A-Phase restraint current: 1.17[A]

 B-Phase restraint current: 1.17[A]

 C-Phase restraint current: 1.17[A]

4.4 Restricted ground fault protection measurement(Winding#1)

Current/Voltage input
Terminal Input value
W1_IA 1.30 A, 0.0 o
W1_IB 1.00 A, 240.0 o
W1_IC 1.00 A, 120.0 o
W1_IN 0.50 A, 0.0 o

Ground point CT Ratio compensation

I * g  (PHS _ CT _ RATIO ) * Ig
 GND_ CT _ RATIO = (400/200)*0.50 = 1.00[A], 0.0o
3I 0  I A  IB  Ic
 = 0.30[A], 0.0o
Differential current/Restraint current


Igd  3I 0  I * g
 Differential current, = 1.00-0.30 = 0.70[A]
Im ax  MAX ( I A , I B , I C )
 Restraint current, = 1.30[A]

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5 Install and External connection

5.1 Dimensioned Drawings

TOP VIEW PANEL CUTOUT

RUN / TEST ERROR PICKUP TRIP

FRONT VIEW SIDE VIEW

Figure 5-1 PAC-T100 Dimensioned Drawings

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5.2 Rear terminal arrangement plan

Table 5-1 Terminal arrangement

76 TS1_COM 61 TS1_NO 46 DI1_COM 31 DI1_P 16 W1_IA+ 1 W1_IA-
77 TS2_COM 62 TS2_NO 47 DI2_ COM 32 DI2_P 17 W1_IB+ 2 W1_IB-
78 TS3_COM 63 TS3_NO 48 DI3_ COM 33 DI3_P 18 W1_IC+ 3 W1_IC-
79 TS4_COM 64 TS4_NO 49 DI4_ COM 34 DI4_P 19 W1_IN+ 4 W1_IN-
80 TS5_COM 65 TS5_NO 50 DI6_P 35 DI5_P 20 W2_IA+ 5 W2_IA-
81 TS6_COM 66 TS6_NO 51 DI8_P 36 DI7_P 21 W2_IB+ 6 W2_IB-
82 TS8_NO 67 TS7_NO 52 DI5_8_ COM 37 DI9_P 22 W2_IC+ 7 W2_IC-
83 TS10_NO 68 TS9_NO 53 DI11_P 38 DI10_P 23 W2_IN+ 8 W2_IN-
84 TS7_12COM 69 TS11_NO 54 DI9_12_COM 39 DI12_P 24 W3_IA+ 9 W3_IA-
85 TS13_NO 70 TS12_NO 55 DI14_P 40 DI13_P 25 W3_IB+ 10 W3_IB-
86 TS13_16COM 71 TS14_NO 56 DI16_P 41 DI15_P 26 W3_IC+ 11 W3_IC-
87 TS15_NC 72 TS15_NO 57 DI13_16COM 42 RS485_1D+ 27 W3_IN+ 12 W3_IN-
88 TS16_NC 73 TS16_NO 58 RS485_2D+ 43 RS485_1D- 28 VA+ 13 VA-
89 PWR+ 74 CHASSIC 59 RS485_2D- 44 RS485_1COM 29 - 14 -
90 PWR- 75 SURGE 60 RS485_2COM 45 SURGE 30 - 15 SURGE

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5.3 External Connections

5.3.1 PAC-T100 three windings transformer CT connection

PAC-T100 C B A
61
76 TS1 28
62 VA 13
77 TS2
16
63
W 1 _ IA 1
78 TS3
17
64
W 1 _ IB 2
79 TS4
18
65
W 1 _ IC 3
80 TS5
19
66
W 1 _ IN 4
81 TS6
67
82 TS7
68 TS8
83 TS9 20
69 TS10 W 2 _ IA 5
70 TS11 21
84 TS12 W 2 _ IB 6
85 22
71 TS13 W 2 _ IC 7
72 TS14 23
87 TS15 W 2 _ IN 8
73 C B A
88 TS16 24
86 W 3 _ IA 9
25
31 W 3 _ IB 10
46 D I1 26
32 W 3 _ IC 11
47 D I2 27
33 W 3 _ IN 12
48 D I3 C B A
34
49 D I4 42
35 RS485_1 43
50 44
36 D I6 58
51 D I7 RS485_2 59
52 D I8 60
37
38 D I9 89
AC/DC : 10~240V POW ER+
53 D I1 0 90
DC : 19~130V POW ER-
39 D I1 1
54 D I1 2
40 30
SURGE
55 D I1 3 45
RS232C SURGE
41 D I1 4 74
C H A S S IS
56 D I1 5 DB-9 75
SURGE
57 D I1 6
F ro n t GROUND BUS

Figure 5-2 PAC-T100 three windings transformer CT connection

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5.3.2 PAC-T100 two windings transformer CT connection (PHS COMP :

INTERNAL)
C B A

PAC-T100
28
VA 13

16
W1_IA 1
17
W1_IB 2
18
W1_IC 3
19
W1_IN 4

20
W2_IA 5
21
W2_IB 6
22
W2_IC 7
23
W2_IN 8
C B A
24
W3_IA 9
25
W3_IB 10
26
W3_IC 11
27
W3_IN 12

Figure 5-3 PAC-T100 two windings transformer CT connection

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5.3.3 Current Transformer(CT) Connection for External Phase Compensation

(PHS COMP : EXTERNAL)
C B A

PAC-T100
28
VA 13

16
W1_IA 1
17
W1_IB 2
18
W1_IC 3
19
W1_IN 4

20
W2_IA 5
21
W2_IB 6
22
W2_IC 7
23
W2_IN 8
C B A
24
W3_IA 9
25
W3_IB 10
26
W3_IC 11
27
W3_IN 12

Figure 5-4 Current Transformer(CT) Connection for External Phase Compensation

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5.3.4 Input/Output contact connection

+ PAC-T100

61 TS1_NO
76 TS1_COM

(wet)
DI1_P
– 31
46 DI1_COM
DC 125V

Figure 5-5 Input/Output contact connection

5.3.5 RS232 Port Connection

PAC-T100 NoteBook
PC
1: NA
2: TXD
2, 3 번 교차시킴
3: RXD 1 1
4: NA
5: Signal
Ground
6: NA
7: NA
9 Pin RS232
8: NA
RS232 D-sub Connector
9: NA
D-sub Connector
Female

Figure 5-6 RS232 Port Connection

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5.3.6 RS485 Port Connection

SCADA Twisted PAC-T100#1

ZT (*) Pair
+ 42 RS485_1D+
SHIELD
– 43 RS485_1D-
Chassis
Grounded 44 RS485_1
only COM

(*) ZT : 120 
SHIELD
PAC-T100#n
42 RS485_1D+
43 RS485_1D-
ZT (*)

44 RS485_1
COM
Figure 5-7 RS485 port connection

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Appendix A. Phase compensation formula

Compensation Phase compensation

angle(lag) GROUND : NO GROUND : YES
0 I A* = I A IA* = 2/3 IA – 1/3 IB – 1/3 IC
IB* = IB IB* = 2/3 IB – 1/3 IC – 1/3 IA
IC* = IC IC* = 2/3 IC – 1/3 IA – 1/3 IB
30 IA* = 1/3 IA – 1/3 IC
IB* = 1/3 IB – 1/3 IA
IC* = 1/3 IC – 1/3 IB
60 IA* = -IC IA* = -2/3 IC + 1/3 IA + 1/3 IB
IB* = -IA IB* = -2/3 IA + 1/3 IB + 1/3 IC
IC* = -IB IC* = -2/3 IB + 1/3 IC + 1/3 IA
*
90 IA = 1/3 IB– 1/3 IC
IB* = 1/3 IC – 1/3 IA
IC* = 1/3 IA – 1/3 IB
120 I A* = I B IA* = 2/3 IB – 1/3 IC – 1/3 IA
IB* = IC IB* = 2/3 IC – 1/3 IA – 1/3 IB
IC* = IA IC* = 2/3 IA – 1/3 IB – 1/3 IC
150 IA* = 1/3 IB – 1/3 IA
IB* = 1/3 IC – 1/3 IB
IC* = 1/3 I A– 1/3 IC
180 IA* = -IA IA* = -2/3 IA + 1/3 IB + 1/3 IC
IB* = -IB IB* = -2/3 IB + 1/3 IC + 1/3 IA
IC* = -IC IC* = -2/3 IC + 1/3 IA + 1/3 IB
*
210 IA = 1/3 IC – 1/3 IA
IB* = 1/3 IA – 1/3 IB
IC* = 1/3 IB – 1/3 IC
240 I A* = I C IA* = 2/3 IC – 1/3 IA – 1/3 IB
IB* = IA IB* = 2/3 IA – 1/3 IB – 1/3 IC
IC* = IB IC* = 2/3 IB – 1/3 IC – 1/3 IA
*
270 IA = 1/3 IC – 1/3 IB
IB* = 1/3 IA – 1/3 IC
IC* = 1/3 IB – 1/3 IA
300 IA* = -IB IA* = -2/3 IB + 1/3 IC + 1/3 IA
IB* = -IC IB* = -2/3 IC + 1/3 IA + 1/3 IB
IC* = -IA IC* = -2/3 IA + 1/3 IB + 1/3 IC
*
330 IA = 1/3 IA – 1/3 IB
IB* = 1/3 IB – 1/3 IC
IC* = 1/3 IC – 1/3 IA

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Appendix B. Transformer type and compensation angle

Transformer setting Vector diagram Compensation
angle(lag)
TYPE W1- W1- W1 W2 W2 W1 W2 W3
W2 W3
PHS PHS
Y_Y 0 * 0 0 0

180 * 180 0 0

Y_D 30 * 30 0 0

150 * 150 0 0

210 * 210 0 0

330 * 330 0 0

D_Y 30 * 0 330 0

150 * 0 210 0

210 * 0 150 0

330 * 0 30 0

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D_D 0 * 0 0 0

60 * 60 0 0

120 * 120 0 0

180 * 180 0 0

240 * 240 0 0

300 * 300 0 0

Y_Y_Y 0 0 0 0 0

Y_Y_D 0 30 30 30 0

150 150 150 0

210 210 210 0

330 330 330 0

Y_Y_D 180 30 30 210 0

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150 150 330 0

210 210 30 0

330 330 150 0

Y_D_Y 30 0 30 0 30

180 30 0 210

150 0 150 0 150

180 150 0 330

210 0 210 0 210

180 210 0 30

330 0 330 0 330

180 330 0 150

Y_D_D 30 30 30 0 0

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150 30 0 240

210 30 0 180

330 30 0 60

150 30 150 0 120

150 150 0 0

210 150 0 300

330 150 0 180

210 30 210 0 180

150 210 0 60

210 210 0 0

330 210 0 240

Y_D_D 330 30 330 0 300

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150 330 0 180

210 330 0 120

330 330 0 0

D_Y_Y 30 30 0 330 330

210 0 330 150

150 150 0 210 210

330 0 210 30

210 30 0 150 330

210 0 150 150

330 150 0 30 210

330 0 30 30

D_Y_D 30 60 0 330 300

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240 0 330 120

150 0 0 210 0

120 0 210 240

180 0 210 180

300 0 210 60

210 0 0 150 0

60 0 150 300

240 0 150 120

330 0 0 30 0

120 0 30 240

180 0 30 180

300 0 30 60

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PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

D_D_Y 0 30 0 0 300

150 0 0 210

210 0 0 150

330 0 0 30

60 30 0 300 330

210 0 300 150

120 150 0 240 210

330 0 240 30

180 150 0 180 210

330 0 180 30

240 30 0 120 330

210 0 120 150

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D_D_D 0 0 0 0 0

60 60 60 0

120 120 120 0

180 180 180 0

240 240 240 0

300 300 300 0

60 0 60 0 60

60 60 0 0

240 240 180 0

120 0 120 0 120

120 120 0 0

180 120 0 300

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PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

D_D_D 180 0 180 0 180

120 120 300 0

180 0 180 180

300 300 120 0

240 0 240 0 240

60 240 0 180

240 240 0 0

300 0 300 0 300

180 300 0 120

기타 * * 0 0 0

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PAC-T100(Transformer Protection and Control Unit)

Appendix C. Time characteristics Curves

- Overcurrent/overvoltage - Undervoltage
   
    t : Operating time
   
TMsec
K K, C, L : Characteristic curve const
 C   TMsec
K
t  t  L
 G 
L
 G   G : Current(voltage) input
   1  1    Gs : Current(voltage) setting
 S 
G    GS  
TM : Multiplier(0.01~10.00)

Protection element TC curve K L C

Phase/Ground IEC Normal Inverse 0.14 0.02 0.00
Overcurrent(51/51N) IEC Very Inverse 13.50 1.00 0.00
Negative Sequence IEC Extremely Inverse 80.00 2.00 0.00
Overcurrent(46T) IEC Long Inverse 120.00 1.00 0.00
ANSI Inverse 8.9341 2.0938 0.17966
ANSI Short Inverse 0.2663 1.2969 0.03393
ANSI Long Inverse 5.6143 1 2.18592
ANSI Moderately Inverse 0.0103 0.02 0.0228
ANSI Very Inverse 3.922 2 0.0982
ANSI Extremely Inverse 5.64 2 0.02434
ANSI Definite Inverse 0.4797 1.5625 0.21359
KEPCO Normal Inverse 0.11 0.02 0.42
KEPCO Very Inverse 39.85 1.95 1.08
KEPCO Definite Normal Inverse 0.0515 0.02 0.114
Overvoltage(59) Inverse 10.5 1.75 0.00
Undervoltage(27) Inverse 8.0 2.2 0.00

In the case of overcurrent protection element, operating time of current is equal with
operating time of 2000% more than 2000% of setting current. In the case of overvoltage
protection element, operating time of voltage is equal with operating time of 800% more than
800% of setting voltage.

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PNC Technologies Co., Ltd.

Head of Office & Factory
Address : #898-43, Hogye-dong, Dongahn-gu, Anyang, Kyongki-do,
431-080, Korea
Phone : 82 31 4525791
Fax : 82 31 4525793

Seoul Office
Address : 5F, Kwangmyong B/D, 115-3, Bangi-dong, Songpa-gu,
Seoul, 138-830 Korea
Phone : 82 2 22408106
Fax : 82 2 22408188
Homepage : http://www.pnctech.co.kr/

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