PILOT’S OPERATING HANDBOOK P.

180 AVANTI II

HANDLING, SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE

GENERAL

SECTION 3 - AIRPLANE HANDLING, SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE

3.0. GENERAL
This section provides information on cleaning, inspection, servicing and
maintenance of the airplane.
If your airplane is to retain the new plane performance and dependability, certain
inspection and maintenance requirements must be followed. It is wise to follow a
planned schedule of lubrication and preventive maintenance based on climatic
and flying conditions encountered in your locality.
Keep in touch with your authorized PIAGGIO AVANTI Service Center to take
advantage of their knowledge and experience. They know your airplane and how
to maintain it. They will remind you when lubrications and oil changes are
necessary, and about other seasonal and periodic services.
All correspondence concerning your airplane should include the airplane model
and serial number. This information may be obtained from the identification plate
located on the forward wall of the baggage compartment. Refer to the Airplane
Maintenance Manual for an illustration of the identification plate.

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NSPECTION REQUIREMENTS

3.1. INSPECTION REQUIREMENTS

As detailed in Part. 91.217, Subpart D of the Federal Aviation Regulations,
airplanes must be inspected in accordance with an authorized inspection
program. The inspection requirements defined in Chapter 5 of P180 Maintenance
Manual are the manufacturer’s recommended procedures and are tailored to
satisfy the requirements of FAR 91.217. A written notice must be sent to the local
government aviation agency having jurisdiction over the area in which the
airplane is based, providing the following information:
a. Make, Model and Serial Number.
b. Registration Number.
c. Inspection Program Selected.
d. Name and Address of the person responsible for scheduling the inspections
required.

Additional inspections may be required by the government aviation agency.

These inspections are issued in the form of Airworthiness Directives and can
apply to the airframe, engines and/or components of the airplane. It is the
owner’s responsibility to insure compliance with these directives. In some cases,
the Airworthiness Directives require repetitive compliance; therefore, the owner
should insure inadvertent noncompliance does not occur at future inspection
intervals.
NOTE
Refer to FAR Parts 43 and 91 for properly certificated agency or
personnel to accomplish the inspections.

3.1.1 SERVICING REQUIREMENTS

For quick and ready reference, quantities, materials, and specifications for
frequently used service items (such as fuel, oil, etc.) are shown in this section.
In addition to the Preflight Inspection covered in Section 4 of the Airplane Flight
Manual, complete servicing, inspection, and test requirements for your airplane
are detailed in the Airplane Maintenance Manual. The Maintenance Manual
outlines all items which require attention at 150, 600, 1500 and 3000-hour as well
as 12-months intervals plus those items which require servicing, inspection, and/
or testing at special intervals.

Issued: May 22, 2006 Rep. 180-MAN-0030-01102

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NSPECTION REQUIREMENTS

Since your authorized PIAGGIO AVANTI Service Center conducts all service,
inspection, and test procedures in accordance with applicable Maintenance
Manuals, it is recommended that you contact your authorized PIAGGIO AVANTI
Service Center concerning these requirements and begin scheduling your
airplane for service at the recommended intervals.
Depending on various flight operations, your local government aviation agency
may require additional service, inspections, or tests. For these regulatory
requirements, owners should check with local aviation officials where the
airplane is being operated.

3.1.2 PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE

Part 43 of the FAR’s allows the holder of a pilot certificate, issued under Part 61,
to perform preventive maintenance on any airplane owned or operated by him
that is not used in air carrier service. Refer to FAR Part 43 for a list of preventive
maintenance items the pilot is authorized to accomplish.
NOTE
Prior to performance of preventive maintenance, review the
applicable procedures in the Airplane Maintenance Manual to
insure the procedure is properly completed.
All maintenance other than preventive maintenance must be
accomplished by appropriately licensed personnel. Contact
your authorized PIAGGIO AVANTI Service Center for additional
information.
Pilots operating airplanes should refer to the regulations of the
country of certification for information on preventive
maintenance that may be performed by pilots.

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ALTERATIONS OR REPAIRS TO THE A RPLANE

3.2. ALTERATIONS OR REPAIRS TO THE AIRPLANE

Alterations or repairs to the airplane must be accomplished by appropriately
licensed personnel. If alterations are considered, the government aviation
agency should be consulted to insure that the airworthiness of the airplane is not
violated.

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GROUND HANDL NG

3.3. GROUND HANDLING

3.3.1 TOWING
The airplane should be moved on the ground with the aid of the nosewheel
towing bar provided with the airplane. The tow bar is designed to attach to the
nose wheel axle.
Figure 3.3-1 shows minimum turning radius on towing.
CAUTION
Disengage steering link connecting pin. Do not push or pull on
propellers or control surfaces when moving the airplane on the
ground.
Do not tow the airplane when the parking brake is engaged.
At end of towing operations reconnect steering link.

Figure 3.3-1. Minimum Turning Radius on Towing

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3.3.2 TAXIING
Figure 3.3-2 shows minimum nose wheel steering turning radius.
Before attempting to taxi the airplane, ground personnel should be instructed and
approved by a qualified person authorized by the owner. Engine starting and
shut-down procedures and taxiing techniques should be explained. When it is
ascertained that the propeller back blast and the taxi areas are clear, powers
should be applied to start the taxi roll, and the following procedures should be
followed:
1. Insure cabin and baggage doors are closed.
2. Set the parking brake.
3. Set hydraulic pump switch to HYD.
4. Start engines.
5. Set steering selector to TAXI.
6. Remove wheel chocks.
7. Disengage parking brake.
8. Set condition levers to GROUND IDLE.
9. Propeller thrust may be modulated using the power levers.
10. When taxiing avoid holes and ruts.
11. Observe wing clearances when taxiing near buildings or other stationary
objects. If possible, station an observer outside to guide the airplane.
12. Do not operate the engines at high RPM when running up or taxiing over
ground containing loose stones, gravel, or any loose material that might
cause damage to the propeller blades.
13. After taxiing forward a few feet, apply the brakes to determine their
effectiveness.
14. While taxiing, make slight turns to ascertain the effectiveness of the
steering.
15. When the airplane is stopped on the taxiway or runway and brake freeze-up
occurs, actuate the brakes several times using maximum pressure.To
reduce the possibility of brake freeze-up during taxi operation in severe
weather conditions, one or two taxi slow-downs may be made using light
brake pressure, which will assist moisture evaporation within the brake.

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NOTE
The figure shows the minimum turning radii based upon a
maximum steering deflection of 50°.
Figure 3.3-2. Turning Radius on Taxiing

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3.3.3 PARKING
When parking the airplane, be sure that it is sufficiently protected against
adverse weather conditions and that it presents no danger to other aircraft. When
parking the airplane for any length of time or overnight, it is suggested that it be
moored securely.
1. When parking the airplane, head it into the wind if possible.
2. Align the nosewheel.
3. Set the parking brake by pulling the parking brake handle and then rotating
the handle 90° clockwise to lock the handle.
NOTE
The parking brake can be actuated: if the hydraulic power pack
is operating by pulling the parking brake handle; if the hydraulic
power pack is inoperative by pulling the parking brake handle
and then pressing (more than one time) on rudder pedals toe.

NOTE
Care should be exercised when setting brakes that are
overheated, or during cold weather when accumulated moisture
may freeze brake shoes and discs together.
When excessive moisture/freezing temperature conditions
exist, parked aircraft should have their brakes released and
wheel chocks properly positioned.

4. Aileron and elevator and rudder controls should be secured properly and
flaps retracted.
5. Before leaving the airplane locking of the emergency window release
handle is recommended.
For this purpose, a red flagged safety pin is provided to be engaged in a
suitable locking hole close to the internal emergency window release
handle.

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3.3.4 MOORING
The airplane should be moored for immovability, security and protection. The
following procedures should be used for the proper mooring of the airplane:
1. Head the airplane into the wind if possible.
2. Retract the flaps.
3. Immobilize the ailerons, the elevator and the rudder by installing the controls
gust lock.
4. Place chocks both fore and aft of the main wheels.
5. Secure tie-down ropes to the attachment points located under the wings and
close to the nose wheel strut (same points used for jacking). When using
rope of non-synthetic material, leave sufficient slack to avoid damage to the
airplane should the ropes contract.
CAUTION
Use bowline, square knots, or locked slip knots. Do not use
plain slip knots.

6. Overnight or in blowing snow or dust, install dust covers on engine nacelles.

Attach propeller restrainers to prevent windmilling.
NOTE
The propeller may windmill even in light winds. A windmilling
propeller is a safety hazard. Prolonged windmilling at zero oil
pressure can result in bearing damage.
The propeller should be secured with one blade down when
mooring for safety and drainage purposes.

7. Install pitot covers and static discharge wicks red warning tags. Be sure to
remove all covers and tags before flight.
8. Cabin and baggage doors should be locked when the airplane is
unattended.

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3.3.5 JACKING
The airplane is equipped with a jacking provision on each main spar outboard of
the engine nacelle and one on fuselage located at right side of nose gear strut.
To jack the airplane, proceed as follows:
1. Install jack pads.
2. Place jacks under the wing and nose jack pads.
3. Raise the three jacks simultaneously until all wheels clear the surface,
maintaining a level airplane.

3.3.6 LEVELING
Three leveling marks are provided to level the airplane: one is located on the
forward mast of cabin door, the other two are located each side to the fuselage,
close to the rearmost baggage compartment frame.
The airplane may be leveled either on jacks or on wheels using the
communicating vessel system and deflating the tires or the shock absorbers.
Normally the airplane is leveled first laterally then longitudinally.

3.3.7 GROUND POWER UNIT

The ground power unit circuitry of the airplane is capable of accepting 400
amperes continuously and current surges up to 1200 amperes for short durations
(few sec), that may occur during engine starts.

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GROUND POWER UNIT CONNECTION

To connect a ground power unit proceed as follows:
1. Verify all switches are OFF.
2. Set BAT switch to BAT position.
3. Select the SYS Page on the MFD, and check the bus voltage.
CAUTION
If bus voltage is less than 21.5 VDC, the battery must be
serviced or replaced before flight.
If bus voltage is between 21.5 and 23.0 VDC, allow 15 minutes
of ground power unit battery recharging.

4. Set BAT switch to OFF.

5. Set ground power unit voltage to 28.25 ± 0.25 volts.
6. Set ground power unit switch to OFF position.
7. Open the ground power unit receptacle door.
8. Connect ground power unit to airplane.
9. Set ground power unit switch to ON position.
10. Set BAT switch to BAT position.
11. On the MFD SYS Page the EXT POWER message shows in green and the
bus voltage value is greater than that read at step 3.
NOTE
Since the airplane is equipped with an overvoltage protection
on the external power supply line the D.C. system automatically
disconnects from the ground power unit should an overvoltage
condition occur. The ground power unit operation is
automatically recovered as soon as the voltage goes down to
approximately 30 volts D.C.

GROUND POWER UNIT DISCONNECTING

1. Set G.P.U. switch to OFF position.
2. Disconnect the ground power unit.
3. Close the ground power unit receptacle door and secure.
4. Set generators L and R switches to ON position.

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3.4. GROUND SERVICING

3.4.1 HYDRAULIC SYSTEM SERVICE

Hydraulic system service consists primarily of fluid level and filter impending
check.
To perform the above listed checks proceed as follows:
1. Open the ground test/refueling panel access door.
2. Note HYD LEVEL and HYD FILTER annunciators status.
3. Set GROUND TEST switch to LAMP position and hold.
4. HYD LEVEL and HYD FILTER annunciators are ON.
5. Release GROUND TEST switch.
6. Note HYD LEVEL and HYD FILTER annunciators status.
7. Set GROUND TEST switch to SYST position and hold.
8. After few seconds HYD LEVEL and HYD FILTER annunciators are ON.
9. Release GROUND TEST switch.
10. Observe HYD LEVEL annunciator.
NOTE
If HYD LEVEL annunciator is ON fluid top up is required. If HYD
FILTER annunciator is noted ON at steps 2 and 6 hydraulic filter
element replacement is required.

HYDRAULIC POWER PACK FLUID FILLING

If fluid top up is required, hydraulic fluid MIL-H-5606 should be added by utilizing
the filler cap located on the baggage compartment left side, just forward the
baggage door mast and the overfill drain valve, located on the left main gear well.
To top up proceed as follows: open overfill drain valve, remove filler plug and
using an appropriate oil servicing unit fill till to have a tap from overfill drain valve,
close overfill drain valve and install filler plug.

HYDRAULIC FILTER REPLACEMENT

To replace the hydraulic filter element refer to the airplane maintenance manual.

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3.4.2 LANDING GEAR SERVICE

The operation of the landing gear shock absorbers is standard for the air-oil type.
Hydraulic fluid passing through an orifice serves as the major shock absorber,
while air compressed statically acts as a taxiing spring.
All of the shock absorbers are inflated through readily accessible valves. All
major attachments and actuating bearings are equipped with grease fittings for
lubrication of the bearing surfaces, and should be lubricated periodically (Refer to
the Lubrication Chart in the Maintenance Manual).
In the event the shock absorber slowly loses pressure and extension, the most
probable source of trouble is the air valve attachment or the core of the air valve.
These parts should be checked first to determine whether or not air leaks are
occurring. If hydraulic fluid is evident on the exposed oleo strut plate the unit may
need to be replaced.
To reinflate a shock absorber installed on airplane proceed as follows: lift the
airplane till to have the wheels clear of ground. Connect the nitrogen supply to
the charging valve and pressurize slowly to fully extend the unit. Increase the
nitrogen pressure till 985 PSI for main gear and 120 PSI for nose gear.
NOTE
To avoid airplane unbalancing it is advisable to service both
main gear shock absorbers.

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3.4.3 BRAKE SERVICE

The brake service consists primarily of brake wear check. To carry out this check
pressurize the brake system and check the wear indicator pin. A fully worn brake
condition is indicated by a flush condition of wear indicator pin respect to the
bushing.
If it necessary to bleed the brake system, consequently to an anomalous brake
operation, excessive movement of rudder toe pedal or spongy brakes, refer to
the Maintenance Manual.
NOTE
See Maintenance Manual for rigging and adjustment of landing
gear.

3.4.4 TIRE SERVICE

For maximum service from the tires keep them inflated to the proper pressures of
64 PSI for the nose wheel and 115 PSI for the main wheels.
NOTE
For airplane resting on wheels increase the inflating pressure of
4%.
When inflating the tires, visually inspect them for cracks and breaks. If necessary,
reverse the tires on the wheels or interchange them for even wear. All tires and
wheels are balanced before original installation, and the relationship of tire,
wheel and tube should be maintained upon reinstallation. If new components are
installed, it may be necessary to rebalance the wheels with the tires mounted.
Out-of-balance wheels can cause extreme vibration during takeoff and landing.

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3.4.2 LANDING GEAR SERVICE

The operation of the landing gear shock absorbers is standard for the air-oil type.
Hydraulic fluid passing through an orifice serves as the major shock absorber,
while air compressed statically acts as a taxiing spring.
All of the shock absorbers are inflated through readily accessible valves. All
major attachments and actuating bearings are equipped with grease fittings for
lubrication of the bearing surfaces, and should be lubricated periodically (Refer to
the Lubrication Chart in the Maintenance Manual).
In the event the shock absorber slowly loses pressure and extension, the most
probable source of trouble is the air valve attachment or the core of the air valve.
These parts should be checked first to determine whether or not air leaks are
occurring. If hydraulic fluid is evident on the exposed oleo strut plate the unit may
need to be replaced.
To reinflate a shock absorber installed on airplane proceed as follows: lift the
airplane till to have the wheels clear of ground. Connect the nitrogen supply to
the charging valve and pressurize slowly to fully extend the unit. Increase the
nitrogen pressure till 1075 (± 20) PSI for main gear and 120 PSI for nose gear.
NOTE
To avoid airplane unbalancing it is advisable to service both
main gear shock absorbers.

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3.4.3 BRAKE SERVICE

The brake service consists primarily of brake wear check. To carry out this check
pressurize the brake system and check the wear indicator pin. A fully worn brake
condition is indicated by a flush condition of wear indicator pin respect to the
bushing.
If it necessary to bleed the brake system, consequently to an anomalous brake
operation, excessive movement of rudder toe pedal or spongy brakes, refer to
the Maintenance Manual.
NOTE
See Maintenance Manual for rigging and adjustment of landing
gear.

3.4.4 TIRE SERVICE

For maximum service from the tires keep them inflated to the proper pressures of
64 PSI for the nose wheel and 118 (± 2) PSI for the main wheels.
NOTE
For airplane resting on wheels increase the inflating pressure of
4%.
When inflating the tires, visually inspect them for cracks and breaks. If necessary,
reverse the tires on the wheels or interchange them for even wear. All tires and
wheels are balanced before original installation, and the relationship of tire,
wheel and tube should be maintained upon reinstallation. If new components are
installed, it may be necessary to rebalance the wheels with the tires mounted.
Out-of-balance wheels can cause extreme vibration during takeoff and landing.

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3.4.5 PROPELLER SERVICE

Since propellers will pick up loose pieces of rock or debris from the ramp and
runway, the blades should be checked periodically for damage. Minor nicks in the
leading edge of blades should be dressed out and all edges rounded, since
cracks sometimes start from such defects. Use fine emery cloth for finishing the
depressions. Repairs should be accomplished by authorized personnel. Refer to
FAA Advisory Circular 43.13-1A for blade repair recommendations and repair
limitations. The daily inspection should include examination of blades and
spinner for visible damage or cracks and inspection for grease or oil leakage. To
prevent corrosion, the propeller surfaces should be cleaned and waxed
periodically with hard automotive paste wax.

3.4.6 OIL SYSTEM SERVICE

The oil tank capacity (each engine) is 3.35 U.S. gallons (12.7 LTS) and usable oil
is 1.25 U.S. gallons (4.7 LTS). Oil system servicing consists of: oil level check, oil
top up, chip detector continuity check, oil filter cleaning and oil filter changing.
For oil filter cleaning or changing refer to Pratt and Whitney Maintenance Manual
P/N 3036122.
When adding oil, service the engine with the type and brand which is currently
being used in the engine. Refer to the engine log book.
NOTE
Do not mix different brands viscosities or types of oil when
performing oil top up. Should different brands of oil become
mixed, drain and flush oil system and refill with fresh oil (refer to
Pratt and Whitney Maintenance Manual P/N 3036122).

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OIL LEVEL CHECK

To check oil level proceed as follows:
NOTE
Perform the oil level check within 10 minutes after engine
shutdown.

1. Open ground test/refueling panel access door.

2. Set the GROUND TEST switch to LAMP position.
L ENG OIL and R ENG OIL annunciators are ON.
3. Set the GROUND TEST switch to SYST position and hold.
L ENG OIL and R ENG OIL annunciators are ON.
4. Release the GROUND TEST switch.
L ENG OIL and R ENG OIL annunciators are OFF.
NOTE
Engine low level condition is indicated by the relative
annunciator lamp ON.

CAUTION
A real chip detection condition occurs, in the related engine oil,
if the L ENG OIL or R ENG OIL annunciator light is flashing (3
Hz rate, 40% on and 60% off) while the GROUND TEST switch
is held in the SYST position. Have an immediate maintenance
check as per the applicable Engine Manual.

OIL TOP UP
To top up oil of the affected engine proceed as follows:
1. Open engine nacelle access door.
2. Unlock and remove filler cap and indicator assembly from filler neck.
3. Check oil tank contents against markings on dipstick (markings correspond
to U.S. quart/liters) and service as required.
4. Fill the oil tank to normal level using an appropriate oil servicing unit and
record quantity of oil added to system.
5. Install filler cap and indicator assembly ensuring cap is locked securely.
6. Close all access openings.

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3.4.7 FUEL SYSTEM SERVICE

Service fuel system after each flight.
Keep full to retard condensation in the tanks.
The total system capacity is 421.9 U.S. Gall. (1597 LTS).

FUEL REQUIREMENTS
JP-4, JP-8, commercial kerosene, Jet A, A-1 and B fuels conforming to the latest
revision of Pratt & Whitney Service Bulletin No. 14004.
It is not necessary to purge the unused fuel from the system when switching fuel
types.
The use of aviation gasoline is not permitted.
The operation of the aircraft requires the use of anti-icing additive in the fuel. The
anti-icing additive must meet the latest revision of Pratt & Whitney Canada
Service Bulletin No. 14004 (including Phillips PFA 55 MB, MIL-I-27686D and
MIL-I-27686E) and must be blended with the fuel while refueling in the event the
used fuel has no anti-icing additive blended at the rafinery.
A minimum anti-icing additive concentration of 0.06% by volume and a maximum
concentration of 0.15% by volume must be used. When using the recommended
anti-icing blending procedure (gravity refueling only) the additive concentration in
the fuel shall be approximately 0.09% by volume. A blender supplied by the
additive manufacturer should be used.
The additive manufacturer blending procedure has to be followed, providing to
use not less than 0.8 fluid ounces of additive per 10 US Gallons of fuel nor more
than 1.9 fluid ounces of additive per 10 US Gallons of fuel.
The refueling rate shall be in accordance with the additive manufacturer
procedure providing the above mentioned concentration are guaranteed. To
guarantee the mentioned concentrations, the additive temperature should be
higer than 5° C (40°F).

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FILLING THE SYSTEM

The airplane may be filled through a single-point gravity filler, located in the top of
fuselage right side at wing-to-fuselage attachment, or through a single-point
pressure filler located close to the ground test refueling panel recess (fuselage
right side).
To fill the airplane observe all required safety precautions for handling aviation
fuels, ground, proper fuels, etc.
WARNING
Fuel additive may be harmful if inhaled or swallowed. Use
adequate ventilation. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. If
sprayed into eyes, flush with large amount of water and contact
a physician immediately.

SINGLE-POINT GRAVITY FILLING

CAUTION
Assure that the additive is directed into the flowing fuel stream.
The additive flow should start after and stop before the fuel flow.
Do not permit the concentrated additive to come in contact with
the aircraft painted surfaces.
Some fuels have anti-icing additives preblended in the fuel at
the refinery, so no further blending should be performed.

1. Open the ground test/refueling panel.

2. Set REFUEL switch to OPEN position.
3. TK INTCON INT annunciator momentary comes on then goes off.
4. Verify TANK INTCON annunciator is on.
5. Remove filler cap and fill the airplane through the filler neck.
6. Reinstall filler cap and set the REFUEL switch to CLOSED position.
7. Insure TK INTCON INT and TANK INTCON annunciators are OFF.

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GROUND SERVIC NG

SINGLE-POINT PRESSURE FILLING:

CAUTION
Single point pressure refueling must be performed only with fuel
having anti-icing blended at the refinery or using a truck having
the possibility to blend the anti-icing additive with the fuel during
the refueling operation.

NOTE
A minimum truck delivery pressure of 20 PSIG at the nozzle is
required for satisfactory system performance.
Do not exceed maximum truck delivery pressure of 60 PSIG.

1. Open the ground test/refueling panel and the single-point filler access
doors.
2. Set the GROUND TEST switch to LAMP position.
3. Verify TANK INTCON and TK INTCON INT annunciators are ON. Release
GROUND TEST switch.
4. Set the REFUEL switch to OPEN position.
5. Verify TK INTCON INT annunciator momentary comes on then goes off and
TANK INTCON is on.
6. Remove refuel adapter cap and connect refueling nozzle to refuel adapter.
7. Apply refueling pressure, on ground test refueling panel, set the GROUND
TEST switch to SYST position and verify a fuel flow stop.
NOTE
If the fuel flow doesn’t stop and it is intended to fill completely
the tanks, complete the refueling procedure checking visually
the fuel level from the gravity filler cap.

8. Release GROUND TEST switch: normal refuel flow is restored and continue
to flow till to have system full.
9. When fuel flow stops disconnect refueling nozzle from refuel adapter and
install refuel adapter cap.
10. Set the REFUEL switch to CLOSED position. Insure TK INTCON INT and
TANK INTCON annunciators are off.
11. Close ground test refueling panel access door.

Issued: May 22, 2006 Rep. 180-MAN-0030-01102

Rev. A0 Page 3.4-9
P.180 AVANTI II PILOT’S OPERATING HANDBOOK

HANDLING SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE

GROUND SERVICING

CHECKING FUEL ADDITIVE

Prolonged storage of the aircraft will result in water buildup in the fuel which
"leaches out" the additive. This is indicated when an excessive amount of water
accumulates in the fuel sump. Check the additive concentration using a
Differential Refractometer. Follow the Technical Manual instructions of the
differential Refractometer when checking the additive concentration.
Minimum additive concentration shall be 0.035% by volume and the maximum
concentration shall be 0.15% by volume.
A suggested refractometer is the B/2 HAND REFRACTOMETER manufactured
by Cambridge Instrument Inc., BUFFALO N.Y.
Contact PIAGGIO PRODUCT SUPPORT for more information and availability of
the above refractometer or equivalent.

DRAINING CONTAMINANTS FROM FUEL SYSTEM

To facilitate draining the fuel system filter bowls, vent lines and fuel tank sumps of
moisture and foreign matter drains are incorporated.
1. To drain the fuel filters OPEN the fuel firewall shutoff valves, switch ON the
fuel pump (either MAIN or STBY) and operate the drain valve located on the
underside of the nacelles using the draining tool P/N 80-909172-801 or
equivalent. When drainage has finished, switch OFF the fuel pump.
2. To drain the fuel vent system operate the drain valves located on the left and
right sides of fuselage beneath wing-to-fuselage attachment, using the
draining tool P/N 80-909172-801 or equivalent.
3. To drain fuel tank sumps operate the drain valve located on left and right
main gear wells respectively.
NOTE
It is recommended, as a general rule, that at each fuel drain fuel
be collected and examinated in a clear container, so that it can
be visually checked for water and sediments.

WARNING
When draining any amount of fuel, be sure that no fire hazard
exists before starting engines. Do not allow fuel to come in
contact with the tires.

Rep. 180-MAN-0030-01102 Issued: May 22, 2006

Page 3.4-10 Rev. A0

 PILOT’S OPERATING HANDBOOK P.180 AVANTI II

HANDLING, SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE

GROUND SERVIC NG

3.4.8 BATTERY SERVICE

The battery used in P.180 AVANTI is a rechargeable, vented, sintered plate,
nickel-cadmium battery. There are 20 nylon encased cells housed in a stainless
steel battery box. The electrolyte is composed of a 30 percent solution of
potassium hydroxide in distilled water. During operation, no appreciable chemical
change occurs in the electrolyte; therefore, testing the specific gravity of the
electrolyte can not determine the state of charge. For servicing and cleaning
instructions, refer to airplane Maintenance Manual.
WARNING
Servicing the battery requires special training, tools, and
equipment. Improper handling can result in serious bodily injury
or damage to the airplane. The electrolyte used is potassium
hydroxide (KOH), which is a caustic chemical agent and serious
burns will result if it comes in contact with the skin. If spilled on
skin or clothing, neutralize with vinegar o a mild boric acid
solution, or, if these are not available, wash thoroughly with
water. Should the electrolyte come in contact with the eyes,
flush thoroughly with running water and secure immediate
medical attention. Shorted batteries can deliver high currents
and a spark can cause a cell to explode. Metal articles, such as
jewelry, can fuse to intercell straps causing serious injury. Bodily
injury and equipment damage may result if acid or tools
contaminated with acid are used. Water or electrolyte spilled
into the battery container may cause corrosion and battery
failure. Personnel qualified to service the battery should refer to
the airplane Maintenance Manual.

Issued: May 22, 2006 Rep. 180-MAN-0030-01102

Rev. A0 Page 3.4-11
P.180 AVANTI II PILOT’S OPERATING HANDBOOK

HANDLING SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE

GROUND SERVICING

INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

Rep. 180-MAN-0030-01102 Issued: May 22, 2006

Page 3.4-12 Rev. A0

 PILOT’S OPERATING HANDBOOK P.180 AVANTI II

HANDLING, SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE

GROUND SERVIC NG

3.4.9 OXYGEN SYSTEM SERVICE

NOTE
MIL-O-27210 Aviators Breathing Oxygen must be used for
filling the system.

The filler valve for the oxygen cylinder is located on a recess part of the aft
section of the cabin door coaming.
To charge the oxygen system, remove the protective cap from the filler valve and
attach the fitting from an oxygen cart.
WARNING
Inspect the filler connection for cleanliness before attaching it to
the filler valve. Be sure hands, tools and clothing are very clean
and free from grease and oil since these contaminants will
ignite when in contact with pure oxygen under pressure.

Open the cylinder supply valve on the airplane and fill the system slowly by
adjusting the recharge rate with the pressure regulating valve on the cart. When
the pressure on the cylinder reads 1850 psi at 21°C (70°F), close the pressure
regulating valve and replace the protective cap on the filler valve.

Crew oxygen masks are of the permanent type and can be cleaned by the
following procedure:
1. Remove the microphone from the mask.
2. Remove the sponge rubber discs from the mask. Do not use soap to clean
sponge rubber parts, as this may deteriorate the rubber and give off
unpleasant odors. Clean sponge rubber parts in clear water and squeeze
dry.
3. Wash the rest of the mask in a very mild soap and water solution.
4. Rinse mask thoroughly to remove all traces of soap.
5. Allow components to dry thoroughly before reassembling. Do not allow
sides of the breathing bag to stick together while drying.
6. The mask can be sterilized with a 70 percent ethyl alcohol solution.

Issued: May 22, 2006 Rep. 180-MAN-0030-01102

Rev. A0 Page 3.4-13
P.180 AVANTI II PILOT’S OPERATING HANDBOOK

HANDLING SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE

GROUND SERVICING

OXYGEN SERVICING CHART

Ambient Temperature After Cooling (*) Filling Pressure

Pressure Static For 1850 PSI
°C °F at 21°C (70°F)

-18 0 1550 1650

-12 10 1600 1700
-7 20 1640 1725
-1 30 1690 1775
5 40 1710 1825
10 50 1760 1875
16 60 1800 1925
21 70 1850 1975
27 80 1900 2000
32 90 1950 2050
38 100 2000 2100
43 110 2035 2150
49 120 2080 2200
55 130 2130 2250

(*) This column assumes about a 25 degree rise in temperature due to the
heat of compression, and it assumes that the cylinders are being filled at
their maximum rate.

Rep. 180-MAN-0030-01102 Issued: May 22, 2006

Page 3.4-14 Rev. A0

 PILOT’S OPERATING HANDBOOK P.180 AVANTI II

HANDLING, SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE

GROUND SERVIC NG

3.4.10 ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL SYSTEM

COOLING AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM

CAUTION
During ground operation with a Ground Power Unit (GPU) only
(both generators OFF) keep AVIONICS master switch OFF
during the Cooling Airconditioning System start phase.
NOTE
During ground operation with GPU only (both generators OFF)
the Cooling Airconditioning System use in conjunction with the
hydraulic system, the windshield defog/deice system, the
forward wing anti-ice system (all systems operating
symultaneously) may overload the right channel of the DC
distribution system and cause the R OVLD circuit breaker (pilot
circuit breaker panel) to trip.

Issued: May 22, 2006 Rep. 180-MAN-0030-01102

Rev. A0 Page 3.4-15
P.180 AVANTI II PILOT’S OPERATING HANDBOOK

HANDLING SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE

GROUND SERVICING

3.4.11 PRESSURIZATION SYSTEM

The system embodies a self-test facility to perform periodically a system
functional check.
To perform this check proceed as follows:
1. Insure airplane is resting on wheels.
2. Start both engines and set power levers to IDLE position and condition
levers to G.I.
3. Insure DUMP switch guard is in place.
4. Set rate selection knob (R) to "PIP" mark.
5. Insure cabin altitude selection (A) is not selected off the usable scale.
6. Insure barometric correction (B) is not selected off the usable scale.
7. Set AUTO-MAN switch first to MAN position then to AUTO position.
8. Observe cabin pressure selector fault indication lamp. The lamp will
illuminate momentarily (3 sec. or less) and then extinguish.
If the fault indicator light remains illuminated for longer than 3 seconds a
malfunction has been detected by the system.
Should the operational check show any malfunction of the pressurization system,
the Maintenance Manual must be consulted for service instructions and any
maintenance or adjustments required to make the system operational.

Rep. 180-MAN-0030-01102 Issued: May 22, 2006

Page 3.4-16 Rev. A0

 PILOT’S OPERATING HANDBOOK P.180 AVANTI II

HANDLING, SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE

GROUND SERVIC NG

3.4.12 LUBRICATION
Refer to the airplane Maintenance Manual for lubricating instructions, chart
showing lubrication points, types of lubricants to be used, and lubrication
methods.

3.4.13 CLEANING

CLEANING ENGINE COMPARTMENT

Operating conditions and environment dictate the frequency and methods to be
observed in cleaning the airplanesengines.Saltairandairborne'pollution, for
example, leave corrosive deposits which must be washed from the engine before
they are allowed to accumulate.
For engine cleaning procedures, refer to and comply with the Pratt and Whitney
PT6A-66 Maintenance Manual.

CLEANING LANDING GEAR

Before cleaning the landing gear, place a cover of plastic or a similar waterproof
material over the wheel and brake assembly.
1. Place a pan under the gear to catch waste.
2. Spray or brush the gear with solvent or a mixture of solvent and degreaser.
To remove especially heavy dirt and grease deposits, it may be necessary
to brush areas that where sprayed.
3. Allow the solvent to remain on the gear from five to ten minutes. Then rinse
the gear with additional solvent and allow it to dry.
4. Remove the protective cover and the catch pan.
5. Lubricate the gear in accordance with the Lubrication Chart of the
Maintenance Manual.

Issued: May 22, 2006 Rep. 180-MAN-0030-01102

Rev. A0 Page 3.4-17
P.180 AVANTI II PILOT’S OPERATING HANDBOOK

HANDLING SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE

GROUND SERVICING

CLEANING EXTERIOR SURFACES

The airplane should be washed with a mild soap and water solution. Harsh
abrasives or alkaline soaps or detergents could scratch painted or plastic
surfaces or corrode metal. Cover areas where a cleaning solution could cause
damage. To wash the airplane use the following procedure:
1. Flush away loose dirt with water.
2. Apply cleaning solution with a soft cloth, a sponge, or a soft brush.
3. To remove stubborn oil and grease stains, use a soft cloth dampened with
naphtha.
4. Rinse all surfaces thoroughly.
5. Any good automotive wax may be used to protect and preserve painted
surfaces. Soft cleaning cloths or a chamois should be used to prevent
scratches when cleaning or polishing. A heavier coat of wax on leading
surfaces will reduce the abrasion problems in these areas.

CLEANING WINDSHIELD AND WINDOWS

1. Remove dirt, mud, and other loose particles from exterior surfaces with
clean water or with a 50% isopropyl alcohol. If adhered particles are present
they should be removed with the bare hands before any cloth is rubbed over
the surface.
2. Wash interior and exterior windows surfaces with mild soap and warm
water. Use a soft cloth or sponge in a straight rubbing motion. Do not use
any abrasive materials or any strong acids or bases.
3. Rinse thoroughly with clean water and dry. Application of a rain repellant
such as REPCON every 25 flight hours or 10 days is recommended to
enhance water shedding.
4. Rinse windows thoroughly and dry with soft lint-free cloth.
CAUTION
Do not use gasoline, alcohol, benzene, carbon tetrachloride,
thinner, acetone, other strong solvents, or window cleaning
sprays. Do not use plastic cleaner on heated glass windshields.

5. A superficial scratch or mar in plastic can be removed by polishing out the

scratch with jeweler’s rouge.
6. When windows are clean, apply a thin coat of hand polishing wax. Rub
lightly with a soft cloth.

Rep. 180-MAN-0030-01102 Issued: May 22, 2006

Page 3.4-18 Rev. A0

 PILOT’S OPERATING HANDBOOK P.180 AVANTI II

HANDLING, SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE

GROUND SERVIC NG

CLEANING SURFACE DEICING EQUIPMENT

Nacelle air intake lip deice boots should be cleaned when the aircraft is washed
using a mild soap and water solution.
In cold weather, wash the boots with the airplane inside a warm hangar if
possible. If the cleaning is to be done outdoors, heat the soap and water solution
taking it out to the airplane. If difficulty is encountered with the water freezing on
boots, direct a flow of warm air along the region being cleaned, using a portable
type ground heater.
As an alternate cleaning solvent, use benzol or nonleaded gasoline. Moisten the
cleaning cloth in the solvent, scrub lightly, and then, with a clean, dry cloth, wipe
dry so that the cleaner has not time to soak into the rubber.
CAUTION
Petroleum products such as these are injurious to rubber, and
therefore should be used sparingly if at all.

When deice boots are clean, a coating of B.F. Goodrich Icex should be applied.
Icex is compounded to lower the strength of adhesion between ice and rubber
surface of the deice boots.

Issued: May 22, 2006 Rep. 180-MAN-0030-01102

Rev. A0 Page 3.4-19
P.180 AVANTI II PILOT’S OPERATING HANDBOOK

HANDLING SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE

GROUND SERVICING

INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

Rep. 180-MAN-0030-01102 Issued: May 22, 2006

Page 3.4-20 Rev. A0

 PILOT’S OPERATING HANDBOOK P.180 AVANTI II

HANDLING, SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE

OPTIONAL NSTALLATIONS

3.5. OPTIONAL INSTALLATIONS

3.5.1 PORTABLE SUPPLEMENTARY OXYGEN SERVICE

Remove the oxygen bottle from the airplane and send to a suitable service center
for refilling.
Aviators Breathing Oxygen per MIL-0-27210 pressurized to 1800 psig. at 70 °F
must be used for refilling.
WARNING
Do not attempt to refill the oxygen bottle on board.

OXYGEN SERVICING CHART

Ambient Temperature After Cooling * Filling Pressure

Degrees Fahrenheit Pressure Static For 1800 PSI At 70°F
0 1500 1600
10 1550 1650
20 1590 1675
30 1640 1725
40 1660 1775
50 1710 1825
60 1750 1875
70 1800 1925
80 1850 1950
90 1900 2000
100 1950 2050
110 1985 2100
120 2030 2150
130 2080 2200

* This column assumes about a 25 degree rise in temperature due to the heat of
compression, and it assumes that the cylinders are being filled at their maximum
rate.

Issued: May 22, 2006 Rep. 180-MAN-0030-01102

Rev. A0 Page 3.5-1
(Suppl. 1)
P.180 AVANTI II PILOT’S OPERATING HANDBOOK

HANDLING SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE

OPTIONAL NSTALLATIONS

3.5.2 PROTECTIVE BREATHING EQUIPMENT INSPECTION

The EROS P/N 15-40F Emergency Escape Hood does not require any
maintenance since it is static, vacuum-packed and is provided with a "good
condition indicator".
Inspection is limited to preflight check of the good condition indicator located on
the upper side of cover. If the indicator has turned from green to red, signal is
given that a leakage of the cylinder may have occurred and that therefore the 15
minutes hood autonomy might not be reached. Hood should then be removed
from aircraft and returned to the factory for inspection. Service life of the hood is
10 years.

Rep. 180-MAN-0030-01102 Issued: May 22, 2006

Page 3.5-2 Rev. A0

Mod. 80-0150 (Suppl. 3)
 PILOT’S OPERATING HANDBOOK P.180 AVANTI II

HANDLING, SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE

OPTIONAL NSTALLATIONS

3.5.3 BALLAST KIT INSTALLATION/REMOVAL

Access to the ballast mounting plate can be gained by removing the tail panels
320AL and 320AR, the cone fairing 310A and the intermediate fairing (refer to
Chapter 6 of the Airplane Maintenance Manual for panel identification).
Refer to the Table at Section 6 of this Supplement for authorized ballast units
configurations.
Each ballast unit can be fastened by means of four screws and washers to the
anchor nuts provided on the mounting plate at each mounting position.
After tightening the screws check the ballast units are positively fastened.
Install the "BALLAST IN THE TAIL" placard on the left of the pilot instrument
panel utilizing one of the panel fastening screws.
After ballast units removal reinstall and tighten the fastening screws and washers
on the mounting plate.
Remove the placard from the instrument panel.
Enter weight ,arm and moment of the removed ballast and the new airplane basic
weight and moment in the "Weight and Balance Record" form of the basic Weight
and Balance Manual.
After ballast removal/installation reinstall the previously removed panels and
fairings.

Issued: May 22, 2006 Rep. 180-MAN-0030-01102

Rev. A0 Page 3.5-3
SB-80-0058 (Suppl. 1)
P.180 AVANTI II PILOT’S OPERATING HANDBOOK

HANDLING SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE

OPTIONAL INSTALLATIONS

3.5.4 GRAVEL PROTECTION FOR UNPAVED RUNWAYS OPERATIONS

GRAVEL PROTECTION INSTALLATION

The gravel protection kit, consisting of a rubber shield fastend to a suitable
support frame, a modified torque link lower pin and a pair of locking bolts
washers and nuts, prevents damages to the airplane lower surfaces and
equipments.

The gravel protection kit can be installed as follows:

1. Raise the airplane at nose gear and remove the nose gear wheels.
2. Remove the torque link lower pin (Dowty P/N 201031605).
NOTE
This pin must be stored for reinstallation when the gravel
protection is removed.

3. Install the gravel protection:

– engage the forward forks of the protection on the wheel hubs
– install the modified torque link lower pin (Piaggio P/N 80K174111-001)
engaging the protection sustaining holes
– install the two locking bolts on the forward forks of the protection
4. Reinstall the nose gear wheels.

ADDITIONAL INSPECTIONS
When operating on runways not free of ruts, troughs or holes, stones and large
tufts, external equipments (antennas and lights, aerodynamic surfaces like wings
and flaps, flap mechanism, landing gears and tires) may be damaged.
After each landing on unpaved runways (and each landing following a takeoff
from an unpaved runway) additional checks are required.
A complete walk-around check should be performed following the set pattern as
per Fig. 4-1 at Section 4 of the basic Airplane Flight Manual.
The propeller blades, forward wing, main wing, empennage, control surfaces,
antennas, external lights, landing gears, tires and gravel protection kit must be
checked for absence of damages.

Rep. 180-MAN-0030-01102 Issued: May 22, 2006

Page 3.5-4 Rev. A0

Mod. 80-0358 (Suppl. 12)