Statistics 7

Quarter 4
Self-Learning Module 15
Measures of Variability
(Grouped Data)
Enriched Mathematics – Grade 7
Quarter 4 – Self-Learning Module 14: Calculating Measures of Variability
(Grouped Data)
First Edition, 2020

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Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

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Management Team:
Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC, Schools Division Superintendent
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 Statistics 7
Quarter 4
Self-Learning Module 15
Measures of Variability
(Grouped Data)
Introductory Message

For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the Enriched Mathematics Grade 7 Self-Learning Module on

Measures of Variability for Grouped Data!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-In-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims
to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs , namely:
Communication, Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while
taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the self-learning module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this self-
learning module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing
them to manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and
assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the self-learning module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Enriched Mathematics Grade 7 Self- learning Module on

Measures of Variability for Grouped Data!

This self-learning module was designed to provide you with fun and
meaningful opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and
time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being
an active learner.

This self-learning module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectation – This points to set of knowledge and skills that

you will learn after completing the self-learning module.

Pretest – This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap – This part of the self-learning module provides a review

of concepts and skills that you already know about a previous
lesson.
Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the self-learning
module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up- This section summarizes the concepts and

applications of the lessons.

Valuing-this part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measure how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS
1. Recall on how to illustrate and describe the four measures of variability.
2. Follow the steps in Calculating measures of variability.
3. Calculate Range, Mean Deviation, Variance and Standard Deviation for
Grouped.
Data.

PRETEST
Directions: Consider the table with the given data below. Read each question
carefully and choose the letter of the correct answer.

X f
40-44 8
35-39 10
30-34 12
25-29 4
20-24 6
∑f = 40

1.What is the ∑fX?

A. 1330 B. 11655 C. 1710 D. 3110
2. What is the value of the mean in the given distribution table?
A. 23.5 B. 33.25 C. 46.4 D. 12.5

3. What is the range?

A. 20 B. 15 C. 25 D. 30

4. What is the variance of the given distribution table?

A. 44.707 B. 22.7077 C. 4.16 D. 43.2667

5. What is the standard deviation?

A. 4.53 B. 6.58 C. 8.67 D. 7.89

RECAP
Directions: Choose your answer from the box to identify to what measures of
variability of UNGROUPED data are the following FORMULAS. Write your answer on
the space provided.

MEAN RANGE QUARTILE DEVIATION VARIANCE

MEAN DEVIATION STANDARD DEVIATION
 ∑ (x − x̅)2 ∑|𝑋−𝑋̅|
_______________1. =
N−1
___________4. = 𝑁

_________2. =
∑𝑋
𝑛
__________________5. = hs – ls

̅ 2
_______________3. = √∑(𝑋−𝑋)
𝑁−1

LESSON

The same as Measures of Central Tendency, we will also treat scores or values
in grouped data for Measures of Variability.
This self-learning module will provide you opportunities to describe on how to
solve range, mean deviation, variance and standard deviation of the given grouped
data.
1. Range of Grouped Data

The range is the simplest measure of variability. The range of a frequency

distribution is simply the difference between the upper-class boundary of the top
interval and the lower-class boundary of the bottom interval.

Range = u.b – l.b

Where: u.b = upper class boundary of the highest interval

l.b = lower class boundary of the lowest interval

Example 1:
Solve for range of scores in 2nd Periodical Test of Grade 7 – Faith

Scores Frequency Upper class limit of

46 - 50 1 the highest interval = 50
Upper class boundary
41 - 45 10
of the highest interval (ub)= 50 + 0.5 = 50.5
36 - 40 10
Lower class limit of
31 - 35 16 the lowest interval = 21
26 - 30 9 Lower class boundary
21 - 25 4 of the lowest interval (lb) = 21- 0.5 = 20.5
Range = ub – lb
Range = 50.5 – 20.5 = 30
Therefore, range is 30.
Example 2:
Find the range of the frequency distribution in the table below:

Score f Upper class limit of the highest interval = 100

98 - 100 2 Upper class boundary of the
95 - 97 1 highest interval = 100 + 0.5 = 100.5
92 – 94 1
89 – 91 6 Lower class limit of the lowest interval = 71
86 – 88 6 Lower class boundary of the
83 – 85 5 Lowest interval = 71 – 0.5 = 70.5
80 – 82 9
77 – 79 2 Range = ub – lb
74 – 76 3 = 100. 5 – 70.5
71 - 73 5 Range = 30

2. The Mean Deviation of Grouped Data

3 steps in finding the Mean Deviation for Grouped Data

1. Find the mean by using the formula x 𝛴 𝑓𝑥
̅ = 𝑁 . This means you are going to
add the entries in column f x.
2. Solve for |𝑋 − 𝑋̅| and multiply it to 𝑓.
3. Divide the answer of 𝛴𝑓 |𝑋 − ̅
𝑋| to 𝑁.

Mean Deviation for a frequency Distribution (Grouped Data)

𝛴 𝑓 |𝑋−𝑋̅|
M.D. =
𝑁
Where f represents the frequency of observation X.

Example No.1: Calculate the mean deviation of the following frequency distribution
in table 1.

𝛴 𝑓𝑥
Table 1 1. Calculate the mean by using the formula x̅ = . This means
𝑁
you are going to add the entries in column f x.
X f X f fx
2 17 2 17 34
3 12 3 12 36
4 19 4 19 76
5 28 5 28 140 𝛴 𝑓𝑥 479
x̅ = 𝑁 = 106 = 4.52
6 19 6 19 114
7 9 7 9 63
8 2 8 2 16
N=106 Σfx = 479
2. Solve |𝑋 − 𝑋̅| and multiply it to 𝑓. Then add the entries in Column |𝑋 − 𝑋̅| and
f |𝑋 − 𝑋̅| .

X f fx |𝑋 − 𝑋̅| f |𝑋 − 𝑋̅|
2 17 34 2.52 42.84
3 12 36 1.52 18.24
4 19 76 0.52 9.88
5 28 140 0.48 13.44
6 19 114 1.48 28.12
7 9 63 2.48 22.32
8 2 16 3.48 6.96
N=106 Σfx = 479 12.48 Σf |𝑋 − 𝑋̅| = 141.8

̅| by 𝑁. You have obtained now the mean deviation

3. Divide the answer of 𝛴𝑓 |𝑋 − 𝑋
of grouped data.

𝛴 𝑓 |𝑋−𝑋̅| 141.8
M.D. = = = 1.34
𝑁 106
Example No.2. Find the mean deviation of the frequency distribution from the
table below:

Solutions: Add the entries in columns X m, fXm, |Xm - 𝑋̅ |, f|Xm - 𝑋̅|. Add the entries
under columns fXm and f|Xm - 𝑋̅|.

Class f Xm fXm |Xm - 𝑋̅| f|Xm - 𝑋̅|

Interval
134-139 10 136.5 1365 18.6 186
128-133 9 130.5 1174.5 12.6 113.4
122-127 8 124.5 996 6.6 52.8
116-121 1 118.5 118.5 0.6 0.6
110-115 5 112.5 562.5 5.4 27
104-109 2 106.5 213 11.4 22.8
98-103 9 100.5 904.5 17.4 156.6
92-97 5 94.5 472.5 23.4 117
86-91 1 88.5 88.5 29.4 29.4
N=50 ΣfXm= 5895 Σf|Xm - 𝑋̅|=705.6

ΣfXm 5895
Calculate the mean using the formula 𝑋̅ = = = 117.9
𝑁 50

Next find the mean deviation using the formula

𝛴 𝑓 |𝑋𝑚−𝑋̅| 705.6
M.D. = = = 14.11
𝑁 50

The Variance and Standard Deviation of Grouped Data

Variance is the average of the square deviation from the mean. For large
quantities, the variance is computed using frequency distribution with columns for
the midpoint value, the product of the frequency and midpoint value for each
interval; the deviation and its square; and the product of the frequency and the
squared deviation.
 The standard deviation is considered the best indicator of the degree of
dispersion among the measures of variability because it represents an average
variability of the distribution. Given the set of data, the smaller the range, the
smaller the standard deviation, the less spread is the distribution.

To find variance of a grouped data, use the formula:

Σ𝑓(𝑋−𝑋̅)2
S2 = where; 𝑓 = class frequency
Σ𝑓−1
𝑋 = class mark
𝑋̅ = class mean
Σ𝑓 = total number of frequency
In calculating the variance and the standard deviation, do the following steps:
1. Prepare a frequency distribution with appropriate class intervals and write the
corresponding frequency (f).
2. Get the midpoint (X) of each class interval in column 2.
3. Multiply frequency (f) and midpoint (X) of each class interval to get fX.
4. Add fX of each interval to get ∑fX.
5. Compute the mean using ̅𝑋 = ∑ fX .
∑f
6. Calculate the deviation (𝑋 − 𝑋̅) by subtracting the mean from each midpoint.
7. Square the deviation of each interval to get (𝑋 − 𝑋̅)2 .
8. Multiply frequency (f) and (𝑋 − 𝑋̅)2 . Find the sum of each product to get
∑fX(𝑋 − 𝑋̅ )f.
9. Calculate the Variance using the formula
Σ𝑓(𝑋−𝑋̅)2
S2 = Σ𝑓−1
10. Get the square root of variance to calculate the standard deviation.
̅̅̅ 2
Σ𝑓(𝑋−𝑋 )
S= √ or simply S = √𝑆 2
Σ𝑓−1

Illustrative Example 1:

Find the variance and standard deviation of the given data set:

Scores in Second Quarterly Test of

7 – Faith in Mathematics 7

Scores Frequency
46-50 1
41-45 10
36-40 10
31-35 16
26-30 9
21-25 4
Solutions:

Scores Frequency Class 𝑓𝑋 𝑋 − 𝑋̅ (𝑋 − 𝑋̅)2 f(𝑋 − 𝑋̅)2

(f) Mark (X)
46-50 1 48 48 13.4 179.56 179.56
41-45 10 43 430 8.4 70.56 705.6
36-40 10 38 380 3.4 11.56 115.6
31-35 16 33 528 -1.6 2.56 40.96
26-30 9 28 252 -6.6 43.56 392.04
21-25 4 23 92 -11.6 134.56 538.24
i= 5 ∑f = 50 ∑fx=1,730 ̅ )𝟐 = 1,972
∑f(𝑿 − 𝑿

1,730
Mean ̅𝑋 = ∑ fX = = 34.60
∑f 50
Find the Variance:

Σ𝑓(𝑋−𝑋̅)2 1,972
S2 = Σ𝑓−1
=50−1 = 40.2448

So, the variance is ≈ 40.24

Then calculate the Standard Deviation

S = √𝑆 2 = √40.24 = 6.34

Illustrative Example 2:
Find the variance and standard deviation of the following distribution.

X f
30 - 34 4
25 - 29 5
20 -24 6
15 - 19 2
10 - 14 3
N= 20

Solutions:

Scores Frequency Class 𝑓𝑋 𝑋 − 𝑋̅ (𝑋 − 𝑋̅)2 f(𝑋 − 𝑋̅)2

(f) Mark (X)
30-34 4 32 128 8.75 76.56 306.24
25-29 5 27 135 3.75 14.06 70.30
20-24 6 22 132 -1.25 1.56 9.36
15-19 2 17 34 -6.25 39.06 78.12
10-14 3 12 36 -11.25 126.56 379.68
i= 5 ∑f = 20 ∑fx = 465 ̅ )𝟐 =
∑f(𝑿 − 𝑿
843.70
 465
Mean ̅𝑋 = ∑ fX = = 23.25
∑f 20
Variance

2 Σ𝑓(𝑋−𝑋̅)2 843.70
S = = 20−1 = 44.4053
Σ𝑓−1

Standard Deviation
S= √𝑆 2 = √44.4053 = 6.66
We have seen in the last two measures of variation that if the value of S
becomes larger, it indicates that there is a greater spread of scores, or an individual
score is farther from the mean. This is always the case since standard deviation is a
measure of the average spread of scores around the mean. Standard deviation gives
a precise interpretation of a score in a given set of data. It also shows the scattering
of scores such that, it can be compared in terms of the standard deviation of another
set of data.

ACTIVITIES
Directions: Analyze the given questions. Write your answers only.

ACTIVITY 1: LET’S PRACTICE!

DIRECTIONS: Calculate the Range of each of the following grouped frequency
distributions.
a. b. X f
X f 35-38 6
30-34 9 31-34 3
25-29 8 27-30 2
20-24 7 23-26 4
15-19 6 19-22 8
10-14 5 15-18 2
11-14 3
ACTIVITY 2: KEEP PRACTICING!
DIRECTIONS: Calculate the mean deviation of the following Grouped frequency
distribution.

a.

X f
85-91 11
78-84 5
71-77 14
64-70 11
57-63 6
50-58 3
ACTIVITY 3: TEST YOURSELF!
DIRECTIONS: Calculate the range, mean deviation, variance, and standard deviation
of the following Grouped frequency distribution.

X f
40-44 8
35-39 10
30-34 12
25-29 4
20-24 6
∑f = 40

WRAP–UP
The range is the simplest measure of variability. The range of a frequency
distribution is simply the difference between the upper-class boundary of the top
interval and the lower-class boundary of the bottom interval.
Range = u.b – l.b

To calculate the mean deviation for grouped data, use the formula:
𝛴 𝑓 |𝑋−𝑋̅| 𝛴 𝑓 |𝑋𝑚−𝑋̅|
M.D. = or M.D. =
𝑁 𝑁
To find variance of a grouped data, use the formula:

Σ𝑓(𝑋−𝑋̅)2
S2 = Σ𝑓−1
To get the value of the standard deviation, just simply get the square root of
the variance: S= √𝑆 2

VALUING
Directions: Write your answers in your journal.

In layman’s language, Variability means “subject to variation or changes”,

unstable, changing or fluctuating. With our current uncertainties, sometimes we
forget to focus on the most important thing in life. We experience lack of stability.
On the other hand, in Mathematics we need to find first the mean to at least know
how close or far it is to the value. On that point, at least we have an idea for Stability.
In your Journal, write an essay with at least 100 words entitled: How I can make
my current situation in life stable?
 POSTTEST

Directions: Directions: Consider the table with the given data below. Read each
question carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer and write your answer on
the space provided.

x f
25-29 4
20-24 5
15-19 6
10-14 2

𝚺𝐟 = 17

____1. Calculate the Σfx.

A. 344 B. 217 C. 418 D. 109
____2. What is the range of grouped frequency distribution above?
A. 12 B. 13 C. 15 D. 20
____3. Calculate the mean deviation of grouped frequency distribution above.
A. 20.24 B. 18.12 C. 15.12 D. 4.22
____4. Calculate the variance of the grouped data above.
A. 20.2353 B. 24.8188 C. 21.344 D. 14.9818
____5. Calculate the Standard deviation of the grouped data above.
A. 6.78 B. 7.56 C. 4.98 D. 8.11
Range = 25 1. A 2. D 3. D 4. B 5. C
215
Mean Deviation= = 5.375 POSTTEST
40
Variance = 43.2667
Standard Deviation= 6.58
a. 8.328
ACTIVITY 3 ACTIVITY 2
1. VARIANCE
a. 25 b. 28 2. MEAN
3. STANDARD
ACTIVITY 1 DEVIATION
4. MEAN DEVIATION
1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. B 5. RANGE
PRETEST RECAP
KEY TO CORRECTION
 References
Alagano, Robelyn F., et al. Mathematics for 21st Century Learner 8. Makati City,
Philippines. Diwa Learning Systems, Inc. 2015.
Oronce, Orlando A and Marilyn O. Mendoza. E-MATH 7 Worktexts in Mathematics.
Manila, Philippines. Rex Book Store, Inc. 2015.

Canonigo, A. Statistics, K – 12 Facilitators Guide 2012.