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Definition:: Canal Drop

A canal drop is a structure constructed across a canal to lower the water surface and dissipate excess energy when the slope of the ground suddenly changes. There are different types of canal drops like ogee, rapid, trapezoidal notch, and steep drops. Canal drops are used when the ground slope is greater than the permissible bed slope of the canal to avoid excessive earthworks. The key components of a canal drop are the weir or body wall, notch pier, cistern, impervious floor, and energy dissipators. Design considerations include the crest length, shape, discharge capacity, cistern dimensions, and upstream protection works.

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838 views3 pages

Definition:: Canal Drop

A canal drop is a structure constructed across a canal to lower the water surface and dissipate excess energy when the slope of the ground suddenly changes. There are different types of canal drops like ogee, rapid, trapezoidal notch, and steep drops. Canal drops are used when the ground slope is greater than the permissible bed slope of the canal to avoid excessive earthworks. The key components of a canal drop are the weir or body wall, notch pier, cistern, impervious floor, and energy dissipators. Design considerations include the crest length, shape, discharge capacity, cistern dimensions, and upstream protection works.

Uploaded by

Raja Shankar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CANAL DROP

Definition:
A fall or drop in an irrigation Structure (Constructed across a canal) to lower down it water
Surface and destroy surplus. Energy water liberated from the falling water.
When the slope of ground suddenly changes to the sleeper scope, the permissible bed slope
cannot be maintained. It requires excessive earthwork in filling to maintain the slope. In such cases falls
are provided to avoid excessive earthwork filling when the slope is greater than the permissible load
slope of canal.
Types of canal drop:
1. Ogee drop
2. Rapid drop
3. Trapezoidal Notch drop
4.Steeped drop
5. Simple Vertical drop
6. Well type drop.
Purpose:
1) When the stope of the land suddenly changes the steepers, the slope of the allowable bed cannot be
maintained.
2) Earth moving required Overfilling to keep the slope. In this case falls are used to keep the slope.
3) Slope of the ground is more of less uniform and the slope is greater than the permissible bed slope
of Canal.
Component parts of a canal drop:
1) Weir (or) Body Wall.
2) Notch pier.
3) Cistern.
4) Impervious flow orApron.
5.) Launching Apron.
6.) Bed pitching.
4) DIS expansion.
8) Energy dissipators.
Design Considerations:
1) Length of crest
Crest length is normally kept equal to the bed width of the canal.
2.) Shape of Crest: Rectangular
Top Width, B = 0·05 d1/2
Base Width, B₂ =(H+d)/G
3) Discharge
a=1.835 H3/2(H/B-1)1/6
4) Length and depth of cistern
Length, LC= 5(H-HL)1/2
Depth dC= ¼(H-HL)2/3
(5) Upstream Wing wall
upstream wing wall Radius equal to 5 to 6 times it.
6) Upstream protection.
upstream certain walls = 1½ brick thick upstream certain is provided
7) Impervious floor
Lbd = 2 (D₁ +1.2) + HL
Assumptions:
1) Irrigation canals are designed for a prescribed bed slope, So that Velocity becomes non sitting (or)
non scouring.
2)This indefinite filling is avoided by constructing a hydraulic structure is called a canal fall or drop.
3)The water in the irrigation Channel may become surplus due to mistake, difficulty in regulation at the
head excessive rainfall in the upper reaches.
4) The excess supply makes the canal banks vulnerable to failure due to overtopping or dangerous leaks.
5) The escapes are usually of following 3 types.
a) Surplus escape.
b) Tail escape.
c) Scouring escape.
Commands used in AutoCAD:

1)circle – C

2)Copy – Co

3)Dim style – Di

4)Dimension – Dim 

5)Hatch – H

6)Offset – O

7)Pan – P

8)Text – T
9)Zoom – Z

10)Trip – Tr

11)Limits – Limits

12)Scale – Sc

13)Special line – Spl

14)Units – un

15)line – L

16)Rectangle – Rec 

17) Extend – Ex 

18)Rotate – Ro

19)Move – M

20)Copy – ctrl +c

21)paste – ctrl +v


22)Save – ctrl +s
23) print – ctrl + p

24)Group – G
25) Selection of object – Using green window (or) blue window.

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