Topic: General Layout of Typical Machinery Space/ Engine

Room Systems and Layout

Engine room is the heart and muscles of a ship, providing necessary power and essential
“fluids” for a modern vessel. Usually, a merchant ship has propulsion and auxiliary power
generators in engine room or dedicated compartments as for steering or separators. There are
different systems and installations to keep vessel safe and running. They may differ from ship
to ship so will mention few that can be found in most:

Figure: Typical arrangement of an engine room

1. propulsion system
a. main engine(s) or turbine(s)
b. gear(s)
c. shaft line(s)
d. propeller(s)
e. CPP system
2. power generation system
a. auxiliary engines or turbines
b. shaft generator(s)
c. emergency generator
d. port generator
3. fuel systems
4. lubrication oil systems
5. cooling systems
 6. heating systems (boilers, other heating systems)
7. gas exhaust systems
8. starting systems
9. bilge and ballast systems
10. ventilation systems
11. cargo systems (for liquid cargo)
12. domestic systems
a. fresh water system
b. seawater water system
c. waste system (black water, grey water, incinerator)

Not to forget all piping and electrical systems to be run in the engine room following all safety
rules.

Figure: Typical arrangement of an engine room

Question: Mention/write the different systems and installation are needed to keep vessel
safe and running.

Question: What are the systems and installations are needed to keep vessel safe and
running?
 Figure: Typical profile arrangement of an engine room

As you can see in the figure above the arrangement of an engine room is similar to most ships
when thinking to basic systems.

• Different parts of the systems are arranged and fixed using engine room horizontal and
vertical space, on decks or platforms.
• All components and machineries have to be arranged in such a way to use at maximum
their characteristics, to allow circulation spaces, servicing and dismantling/replacing
spaces.

Machinery Space: It is a space where Machineries/Equipments are located.

Engine Room (ER): It is a space where almost all the Machineries/Equipment s are located.

The engine room can either be manned or unmanned, which basically means that either there
are duty engineer and crew present 24 hours a day in the engine room (typically on a 4-on-4-
off duty roster) or else it's handled much like a 9-to-5 type of office job. The actual mode
depends on the type of ship, the level of automation, and certain navigating conditions such as
navigation in restricted waters and so on.

When any watch-keeper enters the engine room, he is typically advised to follow a "funnel to
tunnel" path where he starts inspecting the top most sections of the room and ends at the bottom
most level. This helps to detect any leaks, abnormal noises, and other faults which may not be
detected by the alarms and monitors installed on modern ships.
Some machineries/Equipment are located outside the Engine Room also

Example:

Machinery/Equipment Location
Crane/Winches Deck
Steering Gear Steering Gear Room
Cargo Pumps Pump Room
Navigational Equipments Bridge/wheel House

Location of Engine Room

Engine Room is located either at the Aft or Midship of Forward of the ship. There are no hard
and fast rules regarding the location of each item of equipment, but normally the engine room
consists of several levels having different machinery such as auxiliary engines or diesel
generators, a boiler, the inert gas plant, fresh water generator, and purifiers, fuel and oil pumps
and storage tanks, the engine control room, waste incinerator, and several other common
paraphernalia like electrical panels at various levels. Apart from the location of the machinery,
the location of the engine room itself isn't fixed for all types of ships. Most ships have engine
room at the aft, while there are other variations in which it is located either midships or at the
front side of the ship.

The engine control room is the command center of the engine room and is usually the only
air-conditioned place within the engine room, which is otherwise full of noise and heat. This is
because of the presence of computers and delicate controls. Of course, it also depends on the
area in which the ship is sailing. In very cold regions, the engine room is cold rather than hot.

The first (left) image shows the real picture of a ship from its back side (aft) and the adjacent
(right) picture shows a cutaway section of the ship from aft through which you can see the
relation the engine room has to the rest of a real ship.
Layout of Engine Room
Engine Room consists of many levels/floors/decks/platforms.

Engine Room extends right from the bottommost level (Hull) to the level of funnel. The main
propulsion plant, or the main marine diesel engine that drives the propeller, is located at the
bottom but is several stories high.

The various levels/Floors/Decks/Platforms in ER are:

• Engine Room Casing

• Engine Room Top Deck/ Platform
• Engine Room Middle Deck/Platform
• Engine Room Bottom Deck/Platform

Question: Define engine room of ships. Write the different levels/floors/decks/platforms

in ER.

Engine Room Casing

It is the space on the top of ER (i.e., top most part of ER). It extends from Upper deck level to
Boat deck level/accommodation level.

Machineries /Equipments that are located in ER Casing;

• Auxiliary Boiler
• Exhaust Gas Boiler
• Ventilation Fans and Passage/Stairway connecting the Funnel
Engine Room Platforms

This series will give you the clear picture on the ship’s engine room layout of different
platforms.

a. Layout of Middle Level of Engine Room

b. Engine Room Bottom Platform Explored
c. Ship’s Engine Room Top Platform Explored

The Engine Room – Middle Platform of Ship Engine Room

We learnt about the engine room design and layout of the bottom most platform and saw the
various machineries and equipment that can be found over there. Now we will proceed a step
further (rather upward) and jump over to the next platform or the middle tier of the engine room
and find out what all can you expect to see over there.

I must state at this stage, that though this would give you a general idea about the equipment
layout, do not take this as a hard and fast rule which cannot be altered. So sometimes you might
find some machinery or equipment at a different place or location than you have been reading
in these articles. This is so because there are so many different types of ships having different
uses and sizes etc. that it is not possible to generalize everything about all vessels.

Figure: Middle Platform Sketch

You can expect to find the following pumps on the middle platform of the ship’s engine room.

1. Main engine booster pump

2. Boiler feed pump
3. Fresh water condenser pump
4. Maine engine fuel pumps

Coolers

1. Jacket cooling water cooler

2. Main lube oil cooler
3. Fresh water generator cooler

Heaters

1. Purifier steam heater

2. Main engine fuel oil heater

Auxiliary Machinery

The following auxiliary machinery can be expected to be found at the middle level of the engine
room

1. Main air compressor

2. Auxiliary / topping air compressor
3. Emergency air compressor.
4. Control air compressor
5. Dehumidifier
6. Fresh water generator
7. Auxiliary air blower for main engine.
8. Auxiliary generators / alternators.
9. Heavy oil purifier
10. Diesel oil purifier

Question: What are the machineries /equipment that are located in different levels/ floors
in ER?

Question: Mentions machineries /equipment that are located based on different levels/
floors in ER.
Reasons for Location

Sometimes the location of a particular machinery or equipment is not merely due to aesthetic
or design reasons but there might be some operational features associated with the specific
location. Given below is a list of reasons why some equipment is found at the middle platform

Question: Why generators are provided at the middle platform?

Generator are provided at the middle platform because in the extreme situation of flooding of
bottom platform. immediate shutdown of the power supply or black out condition can be
avoided.

Question: Why Fresh Water Generator is located at the middle platform?

For normal steam generation the temperature is equal to the boiling point of water that is at
100o c at atmospheric pressure. In fresh water generator the temperature to which the sea water
is heated is lower than that but because of it being at low pressure, the steam is generated.
When the pressure is reduced, the boiling point of water also reduced; this is the basic principle
behind the fresh water generator.

Normally the waste heat is used to heat water in the fresh water generator. Waste heat from the
jacket cooling water or steam line can be connected for the purpose. If the fresh water is
generated is located at the bottom platform, there would be a back pressure of sea water and
sufficient vacuum will not be created. Hence the reason for it to be placed at the middle
platform.

Question: Why lube oil & heavy oil heaters are provided?

Heavy oil and lube oil is heated before entering the purifier for the effective purification of the
oil, and since the purifiers are located at the middle tier, the heaters have to be there.

Air Bottles

Main air bottles contain air at a pressure of (25 -30) kg/cm2. These bottles provide air for the
starting of main engine. Compressed air from the air bottle is taken and pressure reduced to (6-
8) kg/cm2 by the pressure reducing valve and this air is used for control and service purposes.
As per regulations, the air in one of the main air bottles with other air bottle closed and without
the compressor running should be enough to give at least 12 continuous KICKS /
MOVEMENTS to the main engine.
• Mainly vertical air bottles are used for less space consumption.
• Auxiliary air bottles are used for the auxiliary engines.
 • Emergency air bottle is used to start the emergency generator in case of power failure
and gives control air for the QCV (quick closing valve).

Ships Engine Rooms - Ships Main Engines & Central Machinery Placement on Ships:
The Bottom Platform

We have been reading a lot about the engine room of the ship and layout of components on
various platform. We have also learnt about the engine control room. In this article we will take
a look at the engine room platforms in a serial order starting from the bottom most platform.
The various platforms are central to the arrangement of various kinds of machinery and
equipment.

A sketch of the bottom platform given below will also help you go get a quick understanding
of what is being talked about in this article so take a thorough look at that sketch along with
reading this article.

Figure: Bottom Platform Layout Sketch

Bottom platform of the engine room contains the following:

Various pumps including:

1. Main sea water pumps

2. Auxiliary sea water pumps
3. Main ballast pump
4. Heavy oil transfer pump
5. Diesel oil transfer pump
6. Lube oil transfer pump
7. Main engine lube oil pump
8. Bilge pump
9. Sludge pump
10. Air conditioner condenser pumps
11. Fridge pump
12. Fire and general service pump
13. Fresh water generator ejector pumps
14. Piston cooling water pump
15. Jacket cooling water pump

Tanks

There are lots of fluids that need storage space on a ship, and hence there are different kinds of
tanks meant for such storage. Given below is a list of tanks that you would normally find on
the bottom platform of a ship

1. Fuel oil drain tank

2. Sludge drain tank
3. Lube oil drain tank
4. Lube oil renovating tank
5. Scavenger drain tank
6. Stuffing oil drain tank.
7. Piston cooling water tank.
8. Bilge holding tank.
9. Bilge holding tank

Question: What are the pumps and tanks are used in ship engine room?
Bilge Wells

Basically, all leakage oil and sludges along with engine room wash water get collected in the
spaces known as bilge wells

There are normally 5 bilge wells inside the engine room as follow

1. Aft bilge well

2. Port side bilge well
3. Starboard bilge well
4. Central bilge well
5. Cargo bilge well

Auxiliary Machinery

Auxiliary machinery does not directly help in ship propulsion but is very important to carry out
related tasks without which it would be literally impossible to run a ship smoothly. Here are
some of the auxiliary machineries found on the bottom platform of a vessel

• Lube oil purifier

• Diesel oil purifier
• Oil water separator

Cofferdam and Drain Tanks

Question: What do you mean by cofferdam?

To avoid the mixing of two different liquids a void space/empty space is provided between two
tanks. This prevents any accidental intermixing of two different liquids due to leaking.

Question: What is stuffing drain tank?

Stuffing box oil can be re-used because the oil is not contaminated. Whatever oil from crank
case is scrapped by the stuffing box from piston rod; it is drained to the stuffing drain tank.

Question: What is scavenge drain tank/dirty tank?

Whatever waste oil produced in the scavenge spaces or present in the scavenge spaces is
drained to scavenge drain tank.
The oil present in the scavenge space is mainly from the cylinder lubrication drained along
with the unburned carbon particles which are present due to the blow past of the piston rings.
This oil cannot be re-used so it is called dirty oil.

The scavenge drain oil is mainly burned in the incinerator which is present in the ship to burn
the waste sludge and oils which cannot be used.

The Engine Room – Drawing Layout of Top Platform in Ship’s Engine Room: Ship’s
Engine Room Top Platform

We have been talking about the various platforms of the ship engine room and have discussed
about the bottom platform as well as the middle platform of the engine room layout. Now it is
time to get on to the higher level and talk about the top platform of the ship engine room. As
usual, there are lots of tanks, and other paraphernalia on the top platform as well.

Take a good look at the sketch given below this section to visualize better about what is being
said here.

Figure: Top Platform Layout

Tanks

1. Main engine crank case lube oil tank

2. Hot well / cascade tank
3. Diesel oil settling tank
4. Diesel oil service tank
5. Heavy oil settling tank
6. Heavy oil service tank
7. Mixing column
8. Cylinder lube oil storage tank
9. Jacket cooling water expansion tank

Pumps

1. sanitary hydrophore pump

2. Fresh water hydrophore pump
3. sludge discharge pump

Auxiliary Machinery

1. Exhaust boiler
2. Incinerator
3. Sewage plant
4. Fresh water hydrophore
5. Sanitary hydrophore
6. Engine room over head crane
7. Auxiliary steam condenser

Spare Parts

The top platform contains the spare parts of main engine and spares for the operation of the
ship including the following.

1. Spare piston rod

2. Spare cylinder head
3. Spare cylinder liner
4. Spare propeller
5. Spare tail shaft
Question: What is an Incinerator?

Burning of waste oil, sludge, cotton waste is carried out using the incinerator. The waste oil
which is obtained from the scavenge drain tank, sludge from the purifier and oil water separator
cannot be disposed overboard so the incinerator is used to burn this oil. Plastic is not burnt in
it because it would cause air pollution.

Question: What is Hot Well?

Hot Well recollects the steam after the work is done and it is condensed. Boiler water tank is
known as the hot well because boiler feed pump takes suction from the hot well and gives it to
the boiler through feed check valve. It can be called by three different names, they are:

1. Hot well – because the water collected is hot

2. Cascade tank – because it collects the water from the condenser
3. Observation tank – because it is used for observe for any oil or dirt entering the system

If any traces of oil are found in the system, it indicates that there is a crack in the steam heating
line in side the fuel oil tanks. A sight glass is placed to observe the traces of oil or dirt present
in the system.

If oil is present in the system, then it forms a coating in tubes of the boiler, which may lead to
lesser heat transfer to the water in the boiler.

Question: What is a Hydrophore System?

It is used to maintain the pressure of the water supplied to the different parts of the ship at
various heights to keep the constant presser of water in all lines and at all floors of the ship.

There are two hydrophore systems used on board:

1. Fresh water hydrophore system

2. Sanitary hydrophore system

Question: What is the Jacket Cooling Water Expansion Tank?

Expansion tanks are provided for venting of gas, air or vapor formed in the jacket cooling water
line, which has to be released.

Expansion tank makes up the losses that occur due to evaporation in the jacket cooling space
in the engine. The makeup water is provided in the expansion tank. It also provides the vent to
trap any vacuum or vapor due to evaporation or leakage /cracks in the closed cycle lines.
Low level alarm is fitted in the expansion tank to give alarm when the level of the water reaches
the low line due to leakage in the pipe or cylinder liner break down. Expansion tank also
consists of a sight glass to observe the water level in the tank.

Workshop

Workshop is present in the top platform it contains:

1. Lathe machine
2. Drilling machine
3. Grinding machine
4. Milling machine
5. Working bench
6. Bench vice

These machines are normally used for fitting and maintenance purposes and not for production
obviously.

List of Stores

• Engine room consumable store

• Engine spare store
• Electric store
• Ordinary tools store
Engine Room Arrangement

The engine room arrangement is also related with the hull form of a ship. If the ship speed
becomes high, the tank top area of engine room becomes small, the allowable installation
position goes forward, and the length of engine room becomes long.

Length of Engine Room

When determining the length of engine room, the followings should be considered.

a. Minimum space, that is, length should be minimized.

b. Prevention of vibration through continuity of hull structure
c. Operating and maintenance space
d. Space for auxiliary engine, boiler, and other equipment
e. Accommodation and engine casing space
f. Space for fuel oil tanks
g. Trunk for emergency exit
12.6 Engine Room Arrangement 195

Fig. 12.7 Elevation view of the engine room arrangement of a ship and the length of engine room
(LER)
Figure: Elevation view of the engine room arrangement of a ship and the length of
engine
In addition, the frame space room
of engine (Lshould
room ER) be determined considering
vibration, web frame of engine room, the relation with deck house, and so on. A
general value for the frame space of the engine room is about 800~900 mm.

12.6.2 Height of Engine Room

When determining the height of engine room, the followings should be considered.
(a) Overhaul height of the main engine piston
(b) Height for intermediate decks: 3 decks for large ship, 2 decks for middle ship
In the case of large ship, there is no problem in the height of engine room.
Figure shows elevation view of the engine room arrangement of a ship and length of engine
room. In this figure, P is the length of propeller shaft. A is the distance from after bulkhead to
the end of propeller shaft. For A, the distance of 800~1,000 mm is required for the connection
of the shaft flange and installation of the stern tube forward seal. B is the length of intermediate
shaft. If the shaft is pulled out to the inside of engine room, the shaft length, the position of
main engine, etc. should be considered. If the shaft is pulled out in the direction of the after
body, this distance can be shortened independently of shaft. A+B is the length for pulling the
shaft out. It is the space for maintenance and inspection of the shaft stern tube. This length
should be longer than the shaft length by 200~300 mm. C is the length of main engine. D is the
distance from the main engine to the engine room bulkhead. This is the space for arranging
pipes and pumps in front of the main engine. It is different according to the ship type but
required for minimum 3 m. E is the space for the pump room recess. In case of bulk carriers
and container ships, it does not exist since these ships do not have any pump room. Finally, F
is the distance for installing diesel generator engines. Thus, the length of engine room (LER)
is the distance from A to D.

Overall procedure for the determination of the length of engine room is as below. In the first
step, the distance between main engine bed and outer shell is determined. At this time, a special
web frame can be considered. In the second step, the length of main engine is determined. It
depends on the specification of main engine. In the third step, the installation space for ballast
pumps and other equipment is deter- mined. In general, 5~6 frames are used for this purpose.
In the fourth step, the installation space for cargo pumps is determined. In general, 4~5 frames
are used for this purpose. In the fifth step, the after space of main engine is determined. In the
sixth step, the space for special options such as shaft generator is considered.

In addition, the frame space of engine room should be determined considering vibration, web
frame of engine room, the relation with deck house, and so on. A general value for the frame
space of the engine room is about 800~900 mm.

Height of Engine Room

When determining the height of engine room, the followings should be considered.

a. Overhaul height of the main engine piston

b. Height for intermediate decks: 3 decks for large ship, 2 decks for middle ship

In the case of large ship, there is no problem in the height of engine room. Figure shows the
section view of the engine room of a ship. In this figure, H is the distance between the
uppermost deck in the engine room and the center line of crank shaft of the main engine. This
is the height of engine room. F is the distance between the center line of crank shaft and the
crane hook. G is the distance for the installation of crane and I-beam. W is the height of
transverse web frame of the upper deck in the engine room. K is the height for arrangement of
pipe above Fig.
crane
12.8 (e.g., 250
Height of mm).
engine room And X is the clearance margin (e.g., 150~200 mm).

Considering all of these components, the height of engine room (H) should satisfy the following
(e.g., 250 mm). And X is the clearance margin (e.g., 150~200 mm). Considering all
criterion. of these components, the height of engine room (H) should satisfy the following
criterion.

H!FþGþWþKþX ð12:8Þ
196 12 General Arrangement Design
In addition, A is the space for the installation of side stopper and pipe. B is for
the passage way of the side of turning gear. For this passage way, minimum 600 mm
is required. If not possible, the tuning gear can be installed in the upper part of main
engine. C is for the passage way under air cooler. D is for the passage way around
main engine. Finally, E is the shaft center height from baseline.
The height of tank top is determined by considering propeller diameter, type of
main engine, LO sump tank, cofferdam, and so on. The floor height is
1,500~1,800 mm for 30,000~60,000 DWT tankers. The height of the 4th or 3rd
deck is determined by considering structures and outfitting such as the size of hull
structure below this deck, equipment on the floor, pipes, ducts, cables, and so
on. The height of the 2nd deck is determined by considering the opening of piston
of the diesel generator engines since the diesel generator engines are located on the
3rd deck (sometimes, on the 4th deck). Many structures and outfitting such as pipes,
ducts, cables, and so on are installed in the interval between the 2nd and 4th decks.

Fig. 12.8 Height of engine room

Figure: Height of engine room

(e.g., 250 mm). And X is the clearance margin (e.g., 150~200 mm). Considering all
of these components, the height of engine room (H) should satisfy the following
In addition, A is the space for the installation of side stopper and pipe. B is for the passage way
criterion.
of the side of turning gear. For this passage way, minimum 600 mm is required. If not possible,
H!FþGþWþKþX ð12:8Þ
the tuning gear can be installed in the upper part of main engine. C is for the passage way under
air cooler. D isInfor the passage
addition, A is theway
spacearound main engine.
for the installation Finally,
of side stopper Eandispipe.
the Bshaft
is forcenter height
the passage way of the side of turning gear. For this passage way, minimum 600 mm
from baseline.is required. If not possible, the tuning gear can be installed in the upper part of main
engine. C is for the passage way under air cooler. D is for the passage way around
The height ofmaintank top isFinally,
engine. determined
E is the by considering
shaft center height propeller diameter, type of main engine,
from baseline.
The height of tank top is determined by considering propeller diameter, type of
LO sump tank, main cofferdam,
engine, LO andsump
so on. Thecofferdam,
tank, floor height and isso1,500~1,800
on. The floor mmheight
for 30,000~60,000
is
DWT tankers. The height of the 4th or 3rd deck is determined by considering structures and
1,500~1,800 mm for 30,000~60,000 DWT tankers. The height of the 4th or 3rd
deck is determined by considering structures and outfitting such as the size of hull
outfitting such as the below
structure size ofthis
hulldeck,
structure below
equipment on this deck,pipes,
the floor, equipment
ducts, on the floor,
cables, and so pipes, ducts,
cables, and soon. on.
The The
heightheight of the
of the 2nd deck2nd deck is by
is determined determined
consideringby the considering the opening of
opening of piston
of the diesel generator engines since the diesel generator engines are located on the
piston of the3rd
diesel
deckgenerator
(sometimes,engines
on the 4thsince
deck).the diesel
Many generator
structures engines
and outfitting areaslocated
such pipes, on the 3rd
deck (sometimes, on theand
ducts, cables, 4thsodeck).
on are Many
installedstructures andbetween
in the interval outfitting suchandas4th
the 2nd pipes,
decks.ducts, cables,

and so on are installed in the interval between the 2nd and 4th decks.
The distance between the 2nd deck and upper deck is minimum 4,000 mm for 40,000~60,000
DWT tankers.

After the propeller diameter and main engine were determined, the shaft center height should
be determined by considering propeller immersion, LO sump tank, and cofferdam height
(minimum 600 mm) under the LO sump tank.

Hull Tanks Arrangement in Engine Room

Several hull tanks are arranged in the engine room, including cofferdams. Especially, in the
double bottom, various tanks which should be arranged at the lower side of a ship are arranged.

FOTs (Fuel Oil Tanks)

There are several FOTs in the engine room. A HFO (Heavy Fuel Oil) storage tank is a tank for
storing HFO which is used by the main engine. A HFO settling tank is a tank for settling
impurities in HFO before using it. A HFO service tank is a tank for storing HFO which is
supplied from the settling tank. The oil in service tank is supplied to the main engine. Thus,
HFO is sent from the HFO storage tank, the HFO settling tank, the HFO service tank, and the
main engine. A HFO overflow tank is a tank for storing over flow from the main engine during
injection. It is arranged in the port side of double bottom of a fore part of the engine room since
equipment and pipes related to fuel oil are arranged in the port side.

All FOTs are arranged as hull tanks. If not possible, they are arranged as potable tanks having
a drip tray. The one surface of FOTs should contact with the top of double bottom. If not
possible (e.g., contact with deck), a cofferdam should be installed in the upper or lower part of
deck. It is reasonable that FOTs are constructed as one boundary and arranged to contact with
forward bulkhead of the engine room, that is, engine room bulkhead. As mentioned above, any
kind of ship with an aggregate oil fuel capacity of 600 m3 and above requires double hull
protection of fuel oil tanks.

DOTs (Diesel Oil Tanks)

There are several DOTs in the engine room. A DO storage tank is a tank for storing DO which
is used by the diesel generator engines. DO settling tank is a tank for settling impurities in DO
before using it. A DO service tank is a tank for storing DO which is supplied from the settling
tank. The oil in service tank is supplied to the diesel generator engines. Thus, DO is sent from
the DO storage tank, the DO settling tank, the DO service tank, and the diesel generator
engines.
LOTs (Lubrication Oil Tanks)

There are several LOTs in the engine room. A LO settling tank is a tank for settling impurities
in LO before using it. A LO service tank is a tank for storing LO which is supplied from the
settling tank. A LO sump tank is a tank for storing LO to be already used by the main engine.
A CLO (Cylinder Lubrication Oil) settling tank is a tank for settling impurities in the CLO
before using it. A CLO service tank is a tank for storing CLO which is supplied from the settling
tank. LO tanks should not contact with side shell.
198 12 General Arrangement Design

Fig. 12.9 Arrangement of hull tanks

Figure: Arrangement of hull tanks
be already used by the main engine. A CLO (Cylinder Lubrication Oil) settling tank
is a tank for settling impurities in the CLO before using it. A CLO service tank is a
Other tankstank for storing CLO which is supplied from the settling tank. LO tanks should not
contact with side shell.
A bilge well 4.tank
Otheris atanks
tank for storing dirty water including oil on the floor. It is arranged at
one for an afterA part, one tank
bilge well for the portforand
is a tank starboard
storing dirty watersideincluding
of a fore part
oil on the of theIt is
floor. engine room,
arranged at one for an after part, one for the port and starboard side of a fore part of
respectively. A bilge holding tank is a tank for storing dirty water which gathers in the bilge
the engine room, respectively. A bilge holding tank is a tank for storing dirty water
well tank. It is arranged
which gathers at
in the port well
the bilge sidetank.
of double bottom
It is arranged ofport
at the an after
side ofbody
double ofbottom
the engine room.
of an after body of the engine room. That is, dirty water from ship goes to the bilge
That is, dirty water from ship goes to the bilge well tank and then to the bilge holding tank. A
well tank and then to the bilge holding tank. A stern tube LO drain tank is a tank
stern tube LOfordrain tank
storing LOistoabetank for storing
already used by LO to betube.
the stern already usedfresh
A cooling by the sterndrain
water tube. A cooling
tank is a tank for storing used cooling water. High sea chest is an injection port of
fresh water drain tank is a tank for storing used cooling water. High sea chest is an injection
the sea water for filling water ballast tank. It is located in the high part of side hull.
port of the sea
Lowwater for filling
sea chest is samewater
as highballast tank.
sea chest. It isItlocated
is located
in theinlower
the high
part ofpart
sideof side hull. Low
hull.
In case that tanks are vertically connected, it is reasonable that the horizontal
sea chest is same as high sea chest. It is located in the lower part of side hull.
positions coincide with each other. If not, it is reasonable that upper tanks are
arranged into the center of ship. In other words, it is not reasonable that lower tanks
In case that tanks are vertically
are arranged into the connected,
center of shipit because
is reasonable
pipes ofthat the horizontal
equipment positions
on tank top are coincide
installed inside of tanks, as shown in Fig. 12.9.
with each other. If not, it is reasonable that upper tanks are arranged into the center of ship. In
other words, it is not reasonable that lower tanks are arranged into the center of ship because
pipes of equipment
12.6.4 onRooms
tank top are installedin
Arrangement inside of tanks,
Engine Roomas shown in Figure.

Many rooms are required for the control of main engine and the work in engine
room.
12.6 Engine Room Arrangement 199

Fig. 12.10 Plan view of the

engine room showing
various HFO tanks and ECR

Figure:
1. ECR Plan
(Engine Control view
Room) of the engine room showing various HFO tanks and ECR
ECR has some systems to control the main engine. Such systems have essential
Rooms
functionsArrangement inthe
for start and stop of Engine Room
main engine, forward and backward motion, speed
control, and check for normal and abnormal states. ECR should be located near
main equipment such as the main engine, diesel generator engines, boiler, and so on
Many rooms are
to conveniently andrequired for the
easily examine control
them. of main
Actually, engine
it should and theover
be installed work
the in engine room.
engine room. It is located in front of the main engine or port side, and the breadth
and length are 5~6 m and 12~14 m, respectively. HFO (Heavy Fuel Oil) service
ECR (Engine Control Room)
tank, HFO settling tank, and HFO storage tank should be separated from ECR.
Figure 12.10 shows plan view of the engine room showing various HFO tanks and
ECR
ECR. has some systems to control the main engine. Such systems have essential functions for
start and room
2. Pump stop of the main engine, forward and backward motion, speed control, and check for
normal and abnormal
For tankers, states.
the pump room ECR should
is located between be the located nearand
engine room main equipment such as the main
the cargo
tanks, as shown in Fig. 12.7. The length of pump room is determined by considering
engine,
the size ofdiesel generator
cargo pump engines,
and ballast pump,boiler, and access
pipe layout, so onand to maintenance
conveniently and easily examine them.
area,
Actually,
and so on. Initgeneral,
shouldthe
bemaximum
installedheight
overofthe
thisengine
room isroom.
less 1/3Itofisthelocated in front of the main engine
ship depth.
In this room, three cargo pumps and one or two ballast pumps are installed.
or port side, and the breadth and length are 5~6 m and 12~14 m, respectively. HFO (Heavy
3. Emergency escape trunk
Fuel Oil) service tank, HFO settling tank, and HFO storage tank should be separated from ECR.
An emergency escape trunk over one from the lower deck (floor) to the upper
Figure shows
deck should plan view
be prepared ofengine
in the the engine room
room for showing
fire and various
emergency. HFObetanks
It should as and ECR.
continuous as possible and have the minimum distance through the emergency fire
Pump room
pump room and steering gear room.

For tankers, the pump room is located between the engine room and the cargo tanks. The length
of pump room is determined by considering the size of cargo pump and ballast pump, pipe
layout, access and maintenance area, and so on. In general, the maximum height of this room
is less 1/3 of the ship depth. In this room, three cargo pumps and one or two ballast pumps are
installed.
Emergency escape trunk

An emergency escape trunk over one from the lower deck (floor) to the upper deck should be
prepared in the engine room for fire and emergency. It should be as continuous as possible and
have the minimum distance through the emergency fire pump room and steering gear room.

Engine room workshop

This is the space for storing machining tools and mechanical parts which are used to simply
manufacture parts and spare of the main engine, diesel generator engines, boiler, and so on.

Engine room store

This is the space for storing spare parts, tools, and so on of auxiliary equipment.

Purifier room

This is the space for installing equipment which are used to purify fuel oil and LO for ship
operation. In this room, a purifier, heater for purifier, feed pump for FO purifier, and operating
water tank should be installed together.