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Testing of Hypothesis Concerning Paired Samples

This document describes the steps to test the hypothesis that combination therapy of broadband UVB and topical calcipotriol cream reduces Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) scores using a paired t-test. The steps are: 1) state the null and alternative hypotheses, 2) set significance level to 0.01, 3) calculate test statistic by finding mean difference and standard deviation of differences, 4) compute values, 5) determine critical region, 6) make conclusion about whether to reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis. When applying the test to PASI score data from 20 subjects, the calculated t-value does not fall in the critical region so the null hypothesis that combination therapy does not

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barirah sohail
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245 views3 pages

Testing of Hypothesis Concerning Paired Samples

This document describes the steps to test the hypothesis that combination therapy of broadband UVB and topical calcipotriol cream reduces Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) scores using a paired t-test. The steps are: 1) state the null and alternative hypotheses, 2) set significance level to 0.01, 3) calculate test statistic by finding mean difference and standard deviation of differences, 4) compute values, 5) determine critical region, 6) make conclusion about whether to reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis. When applying the test to PASI score data from 20 subjects, the calculated t-value does not fall in the critical region so the null hypothesis that combination therapy does not

Uploaded by

barirah sohail
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Testing of Hypothesis about Paired Samples (Match sample)

Step 1 Forumulation of Hypothesis

𝐻0 : 𝜇𝑑 = 0; 𝜇𝑑 ≤ 0; 𝜇𝑑 ≥ 0.

𝐻1 : 𝜇𝑑 ≠ 0; 𝜇𝑑 > 0; 𝜇𝑑 < 0.

Step -2 level of significance 𝛼 = 0.05

𝑑̅ −𝜇𝑑
Step -3 Test Statistic 𝑡= with df =n-1
𝑠𝑑 /√𝑛

Step -4 Computation

∑𝑑 ∑(𝑑−𝑑 ) ̅ 2
𝑑 = 𝑥 − 𝑦, 𝑑̅ = 𝑛 , 𝑠𝑑 = √ 𝑛−1

Step -5 Critical Region

|𝑡| ≥ 𝑡𝛼,𝑑𝑓
2

𝑡 > 𝑡𝛼,𝑑𝑓

𝑡 < −𝑡𝛼,𝑑𝑓

Step-6 Conclusion: Reject Ho or Accept H0

Question 7.4.4

Woo and McKenna (A-18) investigated the effect of broadband ultraviolet B (UVB) therapy and topical

Calcipotriol cream used together on areas of psoriasis. one of the outcome variables is the Psoriasis Area
and Severity Index (PASI). The following table gives the PASI scores for 20 subjects measured at
baseline and after eight treatments. Do these data provide sufficient evidence, at the .01 level of
significance, to indicate that the combination therapy reduces PASI scores?

Solution:

Step 1 𝐻0 : 𝜇𝑑 ≥ 0

𝐻1 : 𝜇𝑑 < 0

Step 2 Level of significance 𝛼 = 0.01


Step -3 Test Statistic

𝑑̅ − 𝜇𝑑
𝑡=
𝑠𝑑 /√𝑛
Step- Calculation

Subject Baseline Eight d = x-y d2


1 5.9 5.2 0.7 0.49
2 7.6 12.2 -4.6 21.16
3 12.8 4.6 8.2 67.24
4 16.5 4 12.5 156.25
5 6.1 0.4 5.7 32.49
6 14.4 3.8 10.6 112.36
7 6.6 1.2 5.4 29.16
8 5.4 3.1 2.3 5.29
9 9.6 3.5 6.1 37.21
10 11.6 4.9 6.7 44.89
11 11.1 11.1 0 0
12 15.6 8.4 7.2 51.84
13 6.9 5.8 1.1 1.21
14 15.2 5 10.2 104.04
15 21 6.4 14.6 213.16
16 5.9 0 5.9 34.81
17 10 2.7 7.3 53.29
18 12.2 5.1 7.1 50.41
19 20.2 4.8 15.4 237.16
20 6.2 4.2 2 4
124.4 1256.46

∑𝑑 124.4
𝑑̅ = = = 6.22
𝑛 20

1 (∑𝑑)2
𝑠𝑑 = √ (∑𝑑2 − )
𝑛−1 𝑛

1 (124.4)2
𝑠𝑑 = √ (1256.46 − )
20 − 1 20

1
𝑠𝑑 = √ (1256.46 − 773.76)
20 − 1
𝑠𝑑 = 5

6.22−0
𝑡= = 5.56
5/√20

Step-5 Critical Region

𝑡 < −𝑡0.01,19

𝑡 < −2.539

Step 6 Conclusion

The calculated value of t is greater than critical value so does fall in rejection region we donot reject H0.
We concluded that the therapy combinations donot reduces the PASI scores.

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