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Review Module - Braced Excavation and Pile Capacity

The document provides information on calculating pile capacity including end bearing, skin friction, and group action of piles. It includes formulas and parameters for calculating capacity of piles in sand, clay, and groups. It also provides two sample situations: [1] Computes capacity of a square pile in sand. [2] Computes capacity of a concrete pile in layered clay soils.

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369 views2 pages

Review Module - Braced Excavation and Pile Capacity

The document provides information on calculating pile capacity including end bearing, skin friction, and group action of piles. It includes formulas and parameters for calculating capacity of piles in sand, clay, and groups. It also provides two sample situations: [1] Computes capacity of a square pile in sand. [2] Computes capacity of a concrete pile in layered clay soils.

Uploaded by

YeddaMIlagan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MANILA: Room 206, JPD Building, CM Recto Avenue, Manila

CEBU: 4/F J. Martinez Bldg., Osmeña Blvd., Cebu City


Telephone Number: (02) 516 7559 (Manila) E-Mail: buksmarquez1 @yahoo.com
(032) 254-9967 (Cebu)

Review Module – Braced Excavation and Pile Capacity

Pile Capacity (Static Pile Analysis) Skin friction resistance of pile on clay (α method)
𝑸𝒔𝒇 = 𝒄. 𝑳 . 𝛂 . 𝒑

Ultimate Bearing Load of Pile Where 𝒄 = cohesion


𝑸𝒖𝒑 = 𝑸𝒆𝒃 + 𝑸𝒔𝒇 𝑳 = length of pile
𝜶 = adhesion factor or frictional constant
Allowable Bearing Capacity of Pile 𝒑 = perimeter of the pile section
𝑸𝒖𝒑
𝑸𝑨𝒍𝒍𝒐𝒘𝒂𝒃𝒍𝒆 =
𝑭. 𝑺. Skin friction resistance of pile on clay (β method)
𝑸𝒔𝒇 = 𝜷. 𝑳. 𝝈′𝒎 . 𝒑

Where 𝑸𝒖𝒑 = ultimate bearing load of the pile, Where 𝜷 = skin factor
𝑸𝒆𝒃 = end-bearing resistance of the pile For normally consolidated clay (1- sin∅ ) tan ∅
𝑸𝒔𝒇 = skin-friction resistance of the pile. For over consolidated clay (1- sin∅ ) tan ∅ √𝑂𝐶𝑅
𝑳 = length of pile

PILES on SAND
𝝈′𝒎 = average vertical eff. Pressure at mid-
height of pile in a layer
𝒑 = perimeter of the pile section
End-Bearing resistance of pile on sand
𝑸𝒆𝒃 = 𝝈 . 𝑨𝒑 . 𝑵𝒒 Skin friction resistance of pile on clay (λ method)
𝑸𝒔𝒇 = 𝝀. 𝑳. (𝝈′𝒎 + 𝟐𝒄). 𝒑
Where
𝝈 = effective vertical stress at the pile tip
𝑨𝒑 = area of pile tip Where 𝝀 = effective frictional factor
𝑵𝒒 = bearing capacity factor 𝑳 = length of pile
𝝈′𝒎 = average vertical eff. Pressure at mid-
height of pile in a layer
Skin friction resistance of pile on sand
𝒑 = perimeter of the pile section
𝑸𝒔𝒇 = 𝝁. 𝒑. 𝑨𝒑 𝒅𝒊𝒂𝒈 . 𝒌
𝒄 = cohesion
Where 𝝁 = coeff. of friction b/w pile and sand
𝒑 = perimeter of the pile section
𝑨𝒑 𝒅𝒊𝒂𝒈 = area of pressure diagram Pile Capacity (Group Action)
𝒌 = coeff. of lateral pressure b/w pile and
sand

Converse-Labarre Equation
Note: The pressure diagram is dependent on the critical depth ѳ[(𝒎 𝟏)𝒏 (𝒏 𝟏)𝒎]
Eg=𝟏 −
(𝑫𝒄 ) 𝟗𝟎𝒎𝒏

(𝑫𝒄 ) = 20 ∅𝒑𝒊𝒍𝒆 – Dense Sand


(𝑫𝒄 ) = 10 ∅𝒑𝒊𝒍𝒆 – Loose Sand Bowles Equation
𝟐(𝒎 𝒏 𝟐)𝑺 𝟒𝑫
Eg =
PILES on CLAY 𝝅𝑫𝒎𝒏

End-Bearing resistance of pile on clay


𝑸𝒆𝒃 = 𝒄. 𝑨𝒑 . 𝑵𝒄 𝑬𝒈 = efficiency
𝒎 = number of columns
Where 𝒄 = cohesion 𝒏 = number of rows
𝑨𝒑 = area of pile tip 𝑫 = diameter of the pile
𝑵𝒒 = bearing capacity factor (if no value 𝑺 = spacing of piles; center to center
given used 9) 𝒕𝒂𝒏 Ѳ=D/S; Ѳ = in degrees
MANILA: Room 206, JPD Building, CM Recto Avenue, Manila
CEBU: 4/F J. Martinez Bldg., Osmeña Blvd., Cebu City
Telephone Number: (02) 516 7559 (Manila) E-Mail: buksmarquez1 @yahoo.com
(032) 254-9967 (Cebu)
Review Module – Braced Excavation and Pile Capacity
ULTIMATE CAPACITY assuming piles in group act as a Adhesion factor (α)
block: α = 0 for the top 1.5 m and one diameter Ds above the bottom of the
drilled shaft
Skin Resistance:
Qf= 2αCL(Lg + Bg) a. Compute the point bearing capacity of pile
b. Compute the frictional capacity of pile
Point Bearing Capacity: c. Compute the length of pile
Qb= C NcLgBg

NOTE: NSCP-2010 Section 306 Provisions


The allowable axial and lateral loads on pile shall be determined by an approved
formula, by a foundation investigation or by load tests. Static axial compressive pile
load test shall be in accordance with ASTM Standard D-1143, and lateral load testing
of piles shall conform to ASTM Standard D-3966. Dynamic pile tests shall be in
accordance with ASTM Standard D-4945. Static axial load testing to determine the Soil Properties:
uplift capacity of pile-soil systems shall be in accordance with ASTM Standard D- Layer A
3689
𝑞 = 65 kN/𝑚

Situation (1) – A 0.30m x 0.30m square pile having 15 m length


is embedded in a layer of dense sand. The soil has the following
properties: Dry unit weight is 18.5 kN/𝑚 and saturated unit weight
is 22.5 kN/𝑚 . Water table is located at 4 m depth from the ground
surface. Nq = 80, k = 1.33, μ = 0.2 and F.S = 2.5.

a.) Compute the point bearing capacity of pile


b.) Compute the frictional capacity of pile
c.) Compute the allowable capacity of the pile Layer B
𝑞 = 75 kN/𝑚
Situation (2) – A 0.30-m diameter precast concrete pile is to be
driven in a clayey soil profile with the following properties.
Soil Properties:
Layer 1 Layer 2
𝛾 = 16kN/𝑚 𝛾 = 19.7 kN/𝑚 Situation (4) – A pile group consists of 8 piles with a diameter on
𝑐 = 87 kN/𝑚 𝑐 =160 kN/𝑚 0.35 m and a pile length on 8 m. The piles are spaced in a 2 pile by 4
𝛼 = 0.65 𝛼 = 0.40 pile rectangular matrix configuration. The piles are driven into clay that
𝜑 = 22º 𝜑 = 22º has the following characteristics according to a borehole data.
λ = 0.15 λ = 0.14

Elevation Clay Soil Properties

+0.00m to -2.00m =18 kN/m3 Cu = 50kPa

-2.00m to -5.00m =19 kN/m3 Cu = 80kPa

-5.00mto -8.00m = 20 kN/m3 Cu = 100kPa

a.) Compute the point bearing capacity of pile


b.) Compute the frictional capacity of pile using α, β, λ a. Determine the allowable load on the pile group considering
c.) Compute the design capacity of the pile (FS = 3.5) that the piles act individually. Use factor of safety of 3.

b. Determine the allowable load on the piles considering group


Situation (3) – A drilled pile shown in the figure has a bell diameter action using Bowles’ proposed equation.
Db = 2 m and carries a working load of 800 kN. The diameter of shaft
of 0.5 m. The bored pile is drilled in a clay layer having a cohesion c. Compute the ultimate capacity if the piles in the group act as
as shown. Adhesion factor α = 0.75. Use factor of safety of 3. The a block.
base of the bell is 2 m below the bottom shaft.
d. What would be the minimum pile spacing to achieve 100%
efficiency?

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