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Class Notes Vectors

Vectors have both size and direction. Examples include force, displacement, velocity, and acceleration. To add vectors, both the size and direction must be considered. A vector can be resolved, or broken down, into horizontal and vertical components using trigonometry. The horizontal component uses cosine and the vertical component uses sine.

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31 views1 page

Class Notes Vectors

Vectors have both size and direction. Examples include force, displacement, velocity, and acceleration. To add vectors, both the size and direction must be considered. A vector can be resolved, or broken down, into horizontal and vertical components using trigonometry. The horizontal component uses cosine and the vertical component uses sine.

Uploaded by

Husnain Haider
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Working with Vectors

 Vectors have size and direction.


 Examples are force, displacement, velocity and acceleration

Adding Vectors
 Both the size and direction must be considered.
Resultant force
Example
Size Direction

3N 4N 1N right

4N 7N right
3N

Use Pythagoras’ theorem to Use trigonometry to find .


3N F find F. 3
tan  
F  4 2  32  5 N 4
 4N   tan ( 4 )  37 o
1 3

Use cosine rule to find F: Use sine rule to find .


F F2 = 42+ 32 – 2×3×4 cos(180-) sin  sin(180   )
3N 
3 F
  
4N
180-

Resolving Vectors
 A vector that is directed at an angle  can be resolved (i.e. broken down) into two components
that are at right angles to each other e.g. horizontally and a vertically.
Vector Horizontal component Vertical component
Using trigonometry Using trigonometry
h
a o
cos   sin  
 o h h
a a  h cos  o  h sin 
5N
FH = 5cos37 = 4 N FV = 5sin37 = 3 N


Rule: adjacent component use cosine i.e. a = hcos;


opposite component use sine i.e. o = hsin

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