Scribd
Upload
553 views4 pages

Hesson 2 Cone of Experience

The document discusses Edgar Dale's Cone of Experience, which arranges various types of instructional experiences from concrete to abstract. It includes direct experiences, contrived experiences, demonstrations, exhibits, and verbal symbols at the most abstract level. The cone emphasizes beginning instruction with more hands-on, concrete experiences and progressively introducing more abstract concepts. It also discusses using a variety of media and technologies at different levels of the cone to enhance learning. Students are asked to consider how they would teach fractions using the cone model and how information and communication technologies could support instruction at various levels of abstraction.

Uploaded by

Jeff Beloso Bas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
553 views4 pages

Hesson 2 Cone of Experience

The document discusses Edgar Dale's Cone of Experience, which arranges various types of instructional experiences from concrete to abstract. It includes direct experiences, contrived experiences, demonstrations, exhibits, and verbal symbols at the most abstract level. The cone emphasizes beginning instruction with more hands-on, concrete experiences and progressively introducing more abstract concepts. It also discusses using a variety of media and technologies at different levels of the cone to enhance learning. Students are asked to consider how they would teach fractions using the cone model and how information and communication technologies could support instruction at various levels of abstraction.

Uploaded by

Jeff Beloso Bas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

SAN JOSE COMMUNITY COLLEGE – COLLEGE OF EDUCATION

PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION 8 – TECHNOLOGY FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING

LESSON 2– THEORIES AND PRINCIPLES SUPPORTING EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY: EDGAR


DALE’S CONE OF EXPERIENCE

Lesson Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, students should be able to address the following targets:

• Familiarized with Dale's Cone of Experience and provided classroom processes or


practices that exemplify each strata of the cone of experience.
• Provided examples of the various instructional materials appropriate for given
instructional contexts.

EDGAR DALE’S CONE OF EXPERIENCE


“The cone is a visueal analogy, and like all analogies, it does not bear an exact and detailed
relationship to the complex elements it represents. “ -Edgar Dale
In preparing to become a teacher, there are elements that should be taken into
consideration. One way of putting it is the 8Nf's of teaching and each contributes to ensuring
effective instruction.
The Eight M’s of Teaching
1. Milieu - the learning environment
2. Matter - the content of learning
3. Method- teaching and learning activities
4. Material - the resources of learning
5. Media communication system
6. Motivation - arousing and sustaining interest in learning
7. Mastery - internalization of learning
8. Measurement - evidence that learning took place

With reference to the 8 M's of instruction, one element is media. Another is material. These
two M’s (media, material) are actually the elements of the Cone of Experience. Edgar Dale's Cone
of Experience relates well with various instructional media which form part of the system's
approach to instruction.
Activity 1:
In the activity sheet, write your idea on the following questions:

1. How are the experiences of reality arranged in the Cone of Experience?


2. Is the basis of the arrangement of experiences difficulty of experience or degree of
abstraction (the amount of immediate sensory participation involved)?
3. Do the basis of experiences (e.g direct experiences, contrived experience, etc.) follow a
rigid, inflexible pattern? Or is it more correct to think that Cone overlaps and bends into
one another?
4. Does the Cone of Experience device mean that all teaching and learning must move
systematically from base to pinnacle?
5. Is one kind of sensory experience more educationally useful than another?
6. Can we over emphasize the number of direct experiences that is required to learn a new
concept?
7. Are the upper levels of the Cone for the older student and lower ones for the child?
The Bands in Dale’s Cone of Experience

Direct purposeful experiences — These refer to foundation of experiencing learning. Using the
senses, meaningful knowledge and understanding are established. This is experiential learning
where one learns by doing.
Contrived experiences — It is in this category that representations such as models, miniatures,
or mock ups are used. There are things or events that beyond the learners grasp and so contrived
experiences can provide a substitute.
Dramatized experiences — These are commonly used as activities that allow, students to actively
participate in a reconstructed experience through role. playing or dramatization.
Demonstrations -- When one decides to show how things are done, a demonstration is the most
appropriate experience. It is an actual execution of a procedure or a process. A demonstration of
how to bake a cake or how to execute the dance step is an appropriate way of making the learning
experience meaningful.
Study trips — These are actual visits to certain locations to observe a situation or a case which
may not be available inside the classroom,
Exhibits — These are displays of models such as pictures, artifacts, posters, among others that
provide the message or information. These are basically viewed, however, there are currently
exhibits that allow the viewers to manipulate or interact with the display and as a result, the
exhibit becomes more engaging and fun.
Television and motion pictures — These technology equipment provide a two-dimensional
reconstruction of a reality. These allow learners to experience the situation being communicated
through the mediated tools. They provide a feeling of realism as viewers try to understand the
message portrayed by actors in the films.
Still pictures, Recordings, Radio - Still are pictures or images. Together in this category are the
audio-recorded materials or information broadcast through the radio.
Visual symbols — These are more abstract representations of the concept or the information.
Examples of these are information presented through a graph or a chart. For example, a process
can be presented using a flow chart.
Verbal symbols — This category appears to be the most abstract because they may not exactly
look like the concept or object, they represent but are symbols, words, codes or formulae.
In addition, Brunner's three-tiered model of learning points out that every area of knowledge can
be presented and learned in three distinct steps.
1. Enactive - a series of actions
2. Iconic - a series of illustrations or icons
3. Symbolic – a series of symbols

With young learners, it is highly recommended that a learner proceeds from the ENACTIVE to
ICONIC and lastly to the SYMBOLIC. A young learner would not be rushed to move to immediate
abstraction at the highest level without the benefit of a gradual unfolding. However, when the
learner is matured and capable to direct his own learning, it may move fluidly across the cone of
experience.

Activity 2:

Give your ideas on the following questions. Write your answers on the activity sheet
1. If you teach a lesson on the concept of fractions to a grader, how will you proceed if you
follow the pattern in Dale’s Cone of Experience beginning with the concrete moving
towards the abstract?
2. Now that there is a great deal of ICT tools and applications used in enriching the lesson,
how would you explain its potential use in instruction and where will you categorize it on
the cone?

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy