Elaine Walker

Steve E l s w o r t h

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Longman
 New Edition
Elaine Walker

Steve E l s w o r t h

Grammar

Practice
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for

Elementary

Students

w i t h key

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Longman
Contents

To the Student

LANGUAGE GRAMMAR PAGE

STAGE I

NOUNS AND ADJECTIVES

cat, cats singular and plural nouns I

a, an ) indefinite article 3

there is, there are there + to be 4

I know her subject and object pronouns 4

nice, big, beautiful adjectives 6

my, your, her, his . . . . 's possessive adjectives and other possessives 7

this, that, these, those demonstrative adjectives and pronouns 11

taller than . . . comparative adjectives with er 13

VERBS

am, is, are e present simple tense of verb to be 16

has, have got has, have + got 17

I walk to school 'present simple tense 20

was, were • past simple tense of verb to be 28

I walked to school =past simple tense 30

g o + to, for a, . . . ing =constructions with go 37

PREPOSITIONS

at, on, in, to prepositions of place, movement and time 39

GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES

I like swimming like + gerund 42

I'd like to go the beach would like + to-infinitive 44

SENTENCE STRUCTURE

He always gets up early frequency adverbs with present simple 45

TEST I 56

STAGE2

NOUNS, ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS

the, a, an definite and indefinite articles 49

some, any some, any with countable and

uncountable nouns 52

quickly, slowly, badly adverbs of manner 57

bigger than, more comparative adjectives with er and more 59

expensive than
LANGUAGE GRAMMAR PAGE

VERBS

She is eating present continuous tense 63

I'm seeing him tomorrow present continuous as future 71

I'm going to see a film be going to future 73

Stop talking! Don't walk the imperative 77

on the grass!

I can speak English modal verb can, can't 79

They can't swim

PREPOSITIONS

at, on, in, to, from, onto, prepositions of position and movement 81

off, into, out of

GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES

Do you like working here? verb + gerund, verb + to-infinitive 86

I want to stay here

SENTENCE STRUCTURE

'What's he like?' questions and answers 89

TEST 2 91

STAGE 3

NOUNS AND ADJECTIVES

some, any, a few, a little, articles and adjectives to describe quantity 94

a lot of, much, many

mine, yours, hers, his . . . , 's possessive pronouns 97

the biggest, the most the superlative and the comparative 100

expensive, more . . . than

VERBS

I've been to Australia present perfect tense 105

She was working in the past continuous tense 113

garden at 7 o'clock

If it rains, I'll stay at first conditional 117

home

can, could, may, might, modal verbs 119

should, must

PREPOSITIONS

next to, between, in prepositions of position and movement 128

front of, above, below,

over, behind, under,

opposite, along, across,

down, up, round, past

before, after prepositions, conjunctions of time 131

LANGUAGE GRAMMAR PAGE

GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES

Smoking is bad for you the gerund 133

He refuses to help me the infinitive 136

SENTENCE STRUCTURE

I like them word order 140

and, but, so, because conjunctions 141

TEST 3 143

APPENDICES 146

Common irregular verbs, Basic spelling rules,

Use of short forms (contractions), Common first names,

Countries and nationalities

KEY 153

INDEX 170
To the student

Grammar Practice for Elementary Students gives short,

clear e x p l a n a t i o n s of grammar and provides practice

exercises for you to d o . The book has three stages with

a test at the end of each stage. Stage I is the easiest and

Stage III is the most difficult.

There are two ways in which t h i s book can be used:

i) in class, with help from your teacher;

ii) at h o m e by yourself.

You can complete Stage I before s t a r t i n g Stage II or you

can choose areas of grammar t h a t you need to practise

from different parts of t h e book. Use t h e Index and the

C o n t e n t s list to find the areas that you want to study.

Then read t h e e x p l a n a t i o n , do the exercises and check

your answers in the Key.

We hope that Grammar Practice for Elementary

Students h e l p s you to improve your E n g l i s h .

Elaine Walker

Steve E l s w o r t h
 STAGE 1

Nouns an d adjectives

1 . s i n g u l a r an d plural nouns
cat, cats. di g

Plurals: s e n m

two dogs
one dog - two apples

one apple : two boys

one boy un plural, add s.

• To ma ke a singular no

Practice

d the pictures:
1· t using these nouns an
1a Complete the IS ' bird cup

1
. telephone chair spoon
gu
. pencil
banana newspaper�___:::.:.:.=. _
camera _

! � � �

1 three bananas 6

2 two new spapers 7

3 ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

4 . · · · · · ·
. . . . . . 9

5 10
Nouns and adjectives STAGE 1

P l u r a l s : other s p e l l i n g s

I one baby
- two babies

• Words ending in consonant + y: change y - i + es

a match
- two matches

a box
- two boxes

a brush
- two brushes

a glass
- two glasses

a bus
- two buses

• Words ending in ch, x, sh, ss, s: add es.

• We add es to a few words ending in o:

a potato - two potatoes, a tomato - two tomatoes

Irregular plurals

a man
- two men

a woman
- two women

a child
- two children

a person
- two people

a foot
- two feet

a tooth
- two teeth

Practice

1b Write the p l u r a l s .

address addresses eye orange

mountain mountains bag person

lorry box church

waitress school egg

secretary lunch apple

sandwich city day

child hotel boy

match watch glass

flower animal dish

vegetable fly beach

family bus dress

dictionary man foot

 Nouns and adjectives STAGE 1

2 a, an: indefinite article

It's a present.

I t 's a lovely day.

• We use a before consonants:

Are you a doctor?

Consonants

b f j m q x

c g k 11 r v y

d h l p s w z

Here's an orange.

He's an old man now.

• We use an before vowels:

I'm an English teacher.

Vowels

l a e
0 u

Practice

2 Complete the sentences using a or an.

1 It's . . � . . new book. 6 He's waiter.

2 She's . . "!.n. . . English teacher. 7 It's ugly house.

3 Are you student? 8 Here's ticket for the play.

4 Britain is island. 9 He's good worker.

5 They're at restaurant. 10 I t 's not easy language.

Nouns and adjectives STAGE 1

3 there is, there are

There's a cat in the garden.

There are twenty students in the c l a s s .

Is there a hotel near here?

Are there a lot of tourists in your town?

• There is, there's + singular noun.

There are + plural noun.

• Question forms:

Is there . . . ?

Are there . . . ?

Practice

3 Complete the sentences using there's, there are, is there or are there.

1 .. Th�!.�'.<'? . . a beach down here.

2 .. Th�!.� J!r.� . . four girls and two boys in her family.

3 a train to Manchester?

4 a new disco near the college.

5 a good restaurant in this street?

6 two hospitals in town.

7 a lot of children in the pool?

8 three families in that house.

9 a television in the flat?

10 a big grey cloud over there.

4 I know her: subject and object pronouns

Subject Verb Object

I see them.

She knows me.

We d o n ' t like it.

• We also use object pronouns after prepositions:

Do you live with them?

Jenny works with him.

Subject pronouns

you she he it we they

I I I I I I
I

Object pronouns

me you I her I him I it I us I them I

I I

•
 Nouns and adjectives STAGE 1

Practice

4a Circle the correct pronouns.

Can you help we@with these bags?

2 @'us usually see they�at the weekend.

3 How did you teach he/him to read?

4 I/Me write to she/her once a month.

5 He/Him loved she/her very much but she/her d i d n ' t love he/him.

6 Why did you ask they/them to come? I/Me d o n ' t like they/them.

7 I/Me d o n ' t think she/her understands I/me.

8 Please d o n ' t wait for we/us.

9 Did they/them tell she/her the news?

IO Would you like to come with //me?

4b Complete these sentences with me, you, her, him, it, us or them.

I can't open this door. Could you open . .!L for me, please?

2 Those shoes are really nice. I ' d like to buy . . th?!1:1 .

3 ' D i d you see Jonathon last night?' ' N o , I phoned but

he wasn't there.'

4 I can't do this homework. Can you help ?

5 I asked a question but you d i d n ' t answer .

6 We're not ready. Please give some more time.

7 She speaks very quickly. I can't understand .

8 I ' m sorry about your birthday. I ' m afraid I forgot about .

9 J i l l ' s a very nice w o m a n . D o you know ?

IO My parents are coming this weekend. Would you like to meet

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?

11 They're not married now. She left a year ago.

12 'Where's your passport?' ' I d o n ' t know. I can't find .'

13 My mother writes to me every week but I don't write to .

very often.

14 Were you at the meeting last night? I d i d n ' t see there.

15 We want to help you. Please tell about your problems.

Nouns and adjectives STAGE 1

5 nice, big, beautiful: adjectives

It's a beautiful day.

My teacher is very young.

It's an expensive restaurant.

They're very friendly people.

• Adjectives usually come before nouns:

It's an expensive restaurant.

Adjectives can also come after the verb to be:

My teacher is very young.

• An adjective does not change. It is always the same for singular, plural,

masculine and feminine nouns.

a clever girl clever girls

a clever boy clever boys

Practice

5 Write sentences with an adjective and a noun.

1 small / rooms

The rooms are small. They're small rooms.

2 not / long / story

It's n o t a long story The story's n o t long.

3 happy / children

4 dirty / restaurant

S heavy / books

6 cold / house

7 quiet / village

8 not / cheap / clothes

9 pretty / garden

10 difficult / language
 Nouns and adjectives STAGE 1

6 my, your, her, his ... : possessive adjectives

That's my daughter.

Is this your book?

This is her office.

I've got their phone number.

Personal Possessive
pronouns adjectives

- my

you
- your

she
- her

he
- his

it
- its

we
- our

they
- their

Notes

• my, your. her, his, its. our, their do not change. They are the same with

s in gu l a r and plural n o u n s :

Here's my book. I like their car.

Here are my books. I like their cars.

• The possessive its has no apostrophe ( ' ) :

The cat likes its food.

NOT T+te €8:t li:'(S§ it's fBas.

Practice

6 Complete the sentences with my, your, her, his, its, our or their.

1
·
Al.1son 1s d omg
· . . . . . . h omewor k .
. . her

2 Do you live with . .YP.IH. . parents?

3 We love new house.

4 He's in office.

5 The children are with grandmother.

6 I like new job.

7 Are you and your sister enjoying English classes?

8 Amsterdam is famous for canals.

9 S h e ' s with boyfriend.

10 They haven't got umbrellas.

11 She's in bedroom.

12 H e ' s looking for shoes.

13 I like visiting friends at the weekend.

r4 Are the teachers having meeting now?

15 H a v e you got passport?

Nouns and adjectives STAGE 1

7 Sylvia's mother: the possessive with 's

This is Derek's bike.

Anne's paintings are beautiful.

The doctor's surgery is in that street.

That's the cat's bowl.

• For people and sometimes animals,

add 's for possession.

Notes

• After a singular name or noun, the possessive is always 's:

This is Sue's bag.

These are Sue's bags.

• When the name is plural and ends in s, add ':

My parents' flat is quite small.

The girls' bedroom is upstairs.

• When the name is plural but does not end in s, add 's:

The children's coats are here.

The men's toilets are closed.

Emma and Paul's car is outside.

• We also use 's with time words:

A week's holiday, today's weather, yesterday's newspaper

• And we u s e s ' with plural time words:

Tivo weeks' holiday

Practice

7a Write the sentences again using the name in brackets.

1 These are her books. (Anne)

These are Anne's books.

2 Where is his coat? (Andrew)

Where is Andrew's coat?

3 Is that his car? (your brother)

4 It's on her desk. (the teacher)

 Nouns and adjectives STAGE 1

5 Its dinner is here. (the dog}

6 Her children are at school now. (Judy}

7 I t ' s her idea. (my wife}

8 Its leg is broken. (that bird}

9 His new bike is really good. (Jeff}

10 Here's her telephone number. (the doctor}

7b Write the sentences with the apostrophe ('} in the correct place.

1 These are Susans keys.

These are Susan's keys.

2 I like your husbands haircut.

I like your husband's haircut.

3 Those are Robert and Sarahs children.

4 There is a teachers meeting on Mondays.

5 Are the childrens coats in the car?

6 The mens clothes are upstairs.

7 Alices mother is very ill.

8 We have a months holiday in the summer.

9 The students exams start next week.

10 This is my mothers dress.

Nouns and adjectives STAGE 1

8 Other possessives

The b a n k is at the end of the road.

There is a cafe at the top of the h i l l .

• After the front, back, side, top, bottom, end, beginning, we always

use of + n o u n :
It's in the front of the car.

NOT lt's lR: tli.c €8:F fl'BRt.

Have you got the car keys?

Can you close the bathroom door?

• With common nouns (e.g, car, school, town, garden, kitchen, bedroom, sea,

country, hotel) of is not necessary. We u s u a l l y say the bathroom door and

NOT tR.C 8:BBF Bf tR.C etttR.FBBffl.

Practice

8 Complete the sentences.

1 Have you got my . . 0�rJtp.Y.:fi. . ? (keys/car)

2 There's a chair at the . . �P.P.. <?:Ul:i.e. .g�r:1.e.r:i (garden/top)

3 Can you close the ? (window/bedroom)

4 The money is in my (room/hotel)

S I met Sarah at the (gates/school)

6 They live at the (hill/bottom)

7 There's an old tree at the (house/side)

8 Where's the (light/bathroom)

9 We always meet at the (clock/town)

10 The (air/sea) is very good for y o u .

 Nouns and adjectives STAGE 1

9 this, that, these, those: demonstrative adjectives and pronouns

This book is really good. That house is beautiful.

These chips are cold. What are those birds?

• this, that, these, those + noun: demonstrative adjective.

This is my mother. That's the bathroom.

These are my cases. Those are my glasses.

• this, that, these, those + verb: demonstrative pronoun.

This is singular. It is used with something that is here, next to the speaker.

That is singular. It is used with something that is there, not next to the

speaker. Perhaps the speaker is looking at it or pointing to it.

These is plural. It is used with things that are here, next to the speaker.

Those is plural. It is used with things that are there, not next to the speaker.