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Regression

Linear regression is used to model the relationship between two variables, where one variable is considered to be dependent on the other. The formula is Y = a + bx, where a is the y-intercept and b is the slope. The slope b is calculated using the formula shown. Two examples are given, the first showing a significant relationship between midterm and final exam scores, and the second attempting to show no significant relationship between student absences and grades. For the second example, the slope b is calculated as -3.13 and the predicted grade for a student with 7 absences is 69.

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TALINGDAN, AGNER CHRISTIAN FULGENCIO
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54 views5 pages

Regression

Linear regression is used to model the relationship between two variables, where one variable is considered to be dependent on the other. The formula is Y = a + bx, where a is the y-intercept and b is the slope. The slope b is calculated using the formula shown. Two examples are given, the first showing a significant relationship between midterm and final exam scores, and the second attempting to show no significant relationship between student absences and grades. For the second example, the slope b is calculated as -3.13 and the predicted grade for a student with 7 absences is 69.

Uploaded by

TALINGDAN, AGNER CHRISTIAN FULGENCIO
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Linear Regression

Y = a + bx

n ∑ XY −∑ X ∑ Y
b=
n ∑ x 2−¿ ¿ ¿

a = y - bx

Examples:
1. The following are the result of midterm exam (X) and the
final grades (Y). Show that there is a significant
relationship between the result of midterm exam and the
final grade at α = 0.05.

2
X Y XY X Y2

75 80 6000 5625 6400


70 75 5250 4900 5625
65 65 4225 4225 4225
90 95 8550 8100 9025
85 90 7650 7225 8100
85 85 7225 7225 7225
80 90 7200 6400 8100
70 75 5250 4900 5625
65 65 4225 4225 4225
90 90 8100 8100 8100
∑X ∑Y ∑ XY ∑ X =
2
∑Y =
2

=77 =810 = 60925 66650


5 63675
N = 10
In example above, if the midterm score is x = 88, what is the value of
final grade?
Solution:
n ∑ XY −∑ X ∑ Y
b=
n ∑ x 2−¿ ¿ ¿

10 ( 63675 )−( 775 ) (810)


=
10 ( 60925 )−¿ ¿

636750−627750
= 609250−600625

9000
= 8625

b = 1.04

a = y - bx
y = 81
x = 77.5
a = 81 - (1.04)(77.5)
= 81 – 80.6
a = 0.4
For grade
Y = a + bx

= 0.4 + (1.04)(88)
=0.4 + 91.5
Y = 91.9 or 92
2. A study is conducted on the relationship of the number of absences
(X) and the grades of 15 students in Statistics (Y). Using 0.05 LS
prove that there is no significant relationship between absences
and grades of 15 students in Stat. Predict the grade of stdent 1ith 7
absences.

X Y XY X2 Y2

1 90 90 1 8100
2 85 170 4 7225
2 80 160 4 6400
3 75 225 9 5625
3 80 240 9 6400
8 65 520 64 4225
6 70 420 36 4900
1 95 95 1 9025
4 80 320 16 6400
5 80 400 25 6400
5 75 375 25 5625
1 92 92 1 8464
2 89 178 4 7921
1 80 80 1 6400
9 65 585 81 4225
∑X ∑Y ∑ XY ∑ X = ∑Y =
2 2

=53 =1201 = 281 97335


3950
N =15

r ¿ n ∑ XY√−¿∑
¿¿
X∑Y

r ¿ 15 ( 3950√) −¿ (¿53¿ ) (1201)


59250−63653 −4403 −4403
= √[4215−2809][1460025−1442401] = √ [ 1406 ][ 17624] = √24779344

−4403
= 4977.88 = -0.88, - SR

n−2 15−2 15−2


=−0.88 = −0.88
tr=r
√ 1−r 2 √ 1−(−0.88)2 √ 1−0.7744

13
=−0.88 √ 0.2256
= −0.88 √ 57.62 = -0.88(7.59) = - 6.68

Df = 13, CV = 0.514

I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.

n ∑ XY −∑ X ∑ Y
b=
n ∑ x 2−¿ ¿ ¿

15 ( 3950 )−( 53 ) (1201)


=
15 (281)−¿ ¿

59250−63653
= 4215−2809

−4403
= 1406

b=1
a = y - bx
y = 80.07
x = 3.53
a = 80.07 - (- 3.13)(3.53)
= 80.07 – (-11.05) = 80.07 + 11.05
a = 91.12
For grade for 7 absences
Y = a + bx

= 91.12 + (-3.13)(7)
=91.12 + (-21.91) = 91.12 – 21.91
Y = 69.21 or 69

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