Description Inner Tank Outer Tank

Desing Code API 620, 11th ed. Add. 2(2010), Appendix R

Content AMMONIA
Content Specific Gravity 0.684
Normal Capacity (m3/bbl) 16,796 105,648
Net Working Capacity(m3/bbl) 14,641 92,094
Storage Capacity(m3/bbl) 15,776 99,228
Type of Roof Suspended Deck Dome Roof
Tank Inside Diameter(mm/ft) 38,000 124.67 40,000
Tank Height(mm/ft) 14,810 48.59 16,610
Design Liquid Level(mm/ft) 13,910 45.64 12,600
Hight Liquid Level(mm/ft) 13,910 45.64
Low Liquid Level(mm/ft) 1,000 3.28
Design Tempreture(C/F) -40 -40 60
Operating Tempreture(C/F) -35 -31 -35
Minim Design Metal Tempreture(C/F) -40 -40 -40
Design Pressure(Internal) (MPa/mbar.g) 0 0 0.015
Design Pressure(External)(MPa/mbar.g) 0 0 0.0006
Operating Pressure(MPa/mbar.g) 0 0 0.005
Hydrostatic Tese Level (mm/ft) 13,910 45.64 -
Pnematic Test Pressure (Pa/mbar.g) 0 0 0.01875
Joint Efficiency 1
Insulation yes(cold)
Max.Boil-off Rate 0.05 wt% per day
Design Wind Speed(3.sec.gust) ASCE7-10,Occupancy Category=III,Wind Speed=140 km/h(87 mi/h)
Seismic ASCE7-10,Risk Category=III
Snow Load(Roof) (kpa/lb/ft2) - 1.471
Material Inner Tank Outer Tank
Shell Plate SA537-CL1+S5 SA537-CL1+S5
Annular Plate SA537-CL1+S5 SA537-CL1+S5
Bottom Plate SA516-60N+S5 SA516-60N+S5
Type Suspended Deck Dome Roof
Roof Plate SA516-60N+S5 SA516-70
Structure A36 A36
Wind Stiffener - SA537-CL1+S5
Compression Ring - SA537-CL1+S5
Corrosion Allowance Inner Tank Outer Tank
Shell Plate(mm/in) 3 0.118 3
Annular Plate(mm/in) 3 0.118 3
Bottom Plate(mm/in) 3 0.118 3
Suspended Deck(mm/in) 1.5 0.059 0
Plate(mm/in) 0 0.000 3
Roof
Structure(mm/in) 0 0.000 1.5
 Outer Tank

Dome Roof
131.23
54.49
41.34 OK
OK
Ok
140
-31
-40
150
6
50
-
187.5

y
peed=140 km/h(87 mi/h)
ory=III
30.7
Outer Tank
SA537-CL1+S5
SA537-CL1+S5
SA516-60N+S5
Dome Roof
SA516-70
A36
SA537-CL1+S5
SA537-CL1+S5
Outer Tank
0.118
0.118
0.118
0.000
0.118
0.059
2. Tank Capacity
2.1)Sketch Drawing

A. Design Specification mm ft
Tank Inside Diameter(Inner Tank) 𝐷_𝑖 38,000 124.67
Height from bottom to top 𝐻_𝑡 14,810 48.59
High Liquid Level 〖𝐻 .𝐿.𝐿 〗 ^ 13,910 45.64
Low Liquid Level 𝐿.𝐿.𝐿 1,000 3.28
High Liquid Level from low liquid level 𝐻_𝑛𝑒𝑡 12,910 42.36
B.Nominal Capacity
m3 bbl
𝑉_𝑛𝑜 "=" (𝜋𝐷_𝑖^2)/4×𝐻_𝑡
𝑉_𝑛𝑜 16,796 105,648
C.Net Working Capacity
𝑉_𝑛𝑒𝑡 "=" (𝜋𝐷_𝑖^2)/4×𝐻_𝑛𝑒𝑡
𝑉_𝑛𝑒𝑡 14,641 92,094
D.Storage Capacity
𝑉_𝑠𝑡 "=" (𝜋𝐷_𝑖^2)/4× 〖𝐻 .𝐿.𝐿 〗 _ 𝑉_𝑠𝑡 15,776 99,228
3.Inner Shell Plate Calculation
3.1) Shell Plate thickness at design Condition (Matrial : SA537-CL+S5)
Diameter of the tank 𝐷=
Height of Tank 𝐻_𝑡=
Design Liquid Level for Shell thickness calc. 〖𝐷 .𝐿.𝐿 〗 _ =
High Liquid Leve; 〖𝐻 .𝐿.𝐿 〗 _ =
Corrosion Allowance 𝐶.𝐴=
Design Specific Gravity 𝐺=
Tank Radius 𝑅_𝑐=𝐷⁄2
Cross-Sectional Area of the tank 𝐴_𝑡=
The Total Weight of that Portion of the Tank and its Contents 𝑊_ =
Summation of the vertical components of the forces 𝐹=
Joint efficiency of shell weld 𝐸=
Tensile Strength 𝐹_𝑢=
Yield Strength 𝐹_𝑦=
Maximum Allowable stree for simple tension of design liquid
Sts_d=Min(Fu*0.3,Fy*0.6) 𝑆_(𝑡𝑠−𝑑)=
Design Internal Pressure Pg=
Liquid Head pressure 𝑃_𝐿=
Total Pressure 𝑃_= 𝑃_𝐿+𝑃_𝑔

3.1.1)Shell Calculation

Design 𝑃_ =
Width of W= 𝑇_1
Shell Used Liquid
course Plate Leve 𝑃_𝐿 𝑃_𝐿+𝑃_𝑔 Contents
(D.L.L) weight
No.
mm mm psi psi lb lb/in
6 2,460 1,560 1.518 1.518 0 567.6
5 2,470 4,030 3.921 3.921 -50,838 1,455.6
4 2,470 6,500 6.324 6.324 -101,882 2,343.5
3 2,470 8,970 8.727 8.727 -158,032 3,230.3
2 2,470 11,440 11.130 11.130 -229,502 4,113.8
1 2,470 13,910 13.533 13.533 -311,186 4,995.2
Ok 14,810

For cylindrical sidewalls of a vertical tank : as per API 620 5.10.2.5.c Eqn.(10)(11)'

𝑇_1=𝑅_𝑐/2(𝑃+(𝑊+𝐹)/𝐴_𝑡 ) 〖 , 𝑇〗 T1 = Meridional (Longitudinal) Unit force. (lb/in)

_2=𝑃×𝑅_𝑐
T2= Latitudinal (Circumferential ) Unit force. (lb/in)
Required shell thikness calculation : as per API 620 5.10.3.2. Eqn. (16),
𝑡_𝑑=(𝑀𝑎𝑥( td=Designthickness of shell (mm)
𝑇_1,𝑇_2))/(𝑆_(𝑡𝑠−𝑑)×𝐸)+ 𝐶.𝐴 tu=Used(Slected) thickness of shell (mm)
 38,000 mm 1,496.06 in
14,810 mm 583.07 in
13,910 mm 45.64 ift
13,910 mm 45.64 ft
3 mm 0.12 in
0.684 g/mm3 42.70 lb/ft3
19000 mm 748.03 in
1133.54 m2 1,756,987 in2
See Below 3.1.1. Table
0 Kg 0 Lb
1
482.633 Mpa 70,000 psi
344.738 Mpa 50,000 psi

144.7899 Mpa 21,000 psi

0 mbar 0 psi
See Below 3.1.1 Table(a)
𝑃_𝐿+𝑃_𝑔

𝑇_2 𝑡_𝑑 Used

Thickness Weight

〖 (𝑡 〗 _𝑢)
lb/in in mm mm kg
1,135.3 0.172171 4.4 10 23,060 OK
2,932.8 0.257768 6.5 10 23,153 OK
4,730.3 0.343364 8.7 11 25,469 OK
6,527.9 0.42896 10.9 14 32,418 OK
8,325.4 0.514557 13.1 16 37,051 OK
10,122.9 0.600153 15.2 18 41,685 OK
182,837

dinal) Unit force. (lb/in)

erential ) Unit force. (lb/in)

ess of shell (mm)

3.2) Shell Plate thickness at hydrostatic test Condition (Matrial : SA537-CL+S5)
Diameter of the tank 𝐷=
Height of Tank 𝐻_𝑡=
Hydro test level 〖𝐻 .𝑇.𝐿 〗 _ =
Hydro Specific Gravity 〖𝑆𝐺〗 _ =
Tank Radius 𝑅_𝑐=𝐷⁄2
Cross-Sectional Area of the tank 𝐴_𝑡=
The Total Weight of that Portion of the Tank and its Contents
Summation of the vertical components of the forces F=
Tensile Strength (API 620 Table 5-1) 𝐹_𝑢=
Yield Strength (API 620 Table 5-1) 𝐹_𝑦=
Maximum Allowable stree for tension (API 620 Table 5-1)
Sts-d=Min(Fu*0.3,Fy*0.6) 𝑆_(𝑡𝑠−𝑑)=
Maximum Allowable Strees for Tension of Hydro Test
Sts_t=Min(Fu*0.55,Fy*0.85) 𝑆_(𝑡𝑠−𝑡)=
Pneumatic Test Pressure 𝑃_𝑡=1.25×𝑃_𝑔
Test Water(Liquid) Head Pressure Pw=
Total Pressure 𝑃_=𝑃_𝑡+𝑃_𝑤

3.1.1)Shell Calculation

Hydrostatic 𝑃_ =
Width of W= 𝑇_1
Shell Used Test Contents
Level 𝑃_𝑤 𝑃_𝑡+𝑃_𝑤
course Plate weight
No. (H.T.L)
mm mm psi psi lb lb/in
6 2,460 1,560 2.219 2.219 0 829.9
5 2,470 4,030 5.732 5.732 -50,838 2,133.0
4 2,470 6,500 9.245 9.245 -101,882 3,436.2
3 2,470 8,970 12.758 12.758 -158,032 4,738.2
2 2,470 11,440 16.272 16.272 -229,502 6,037.0
1 2,470 13,910 19.785 19.785 -311,186 7,333.6
14,810

For cylindrical sidewalls of a vertical tank : as per API 620 5.10.2.5.c Eqn.(10)(11)'

𝑇_1=𝑅_𝑐/2(𝑃+(𝑊+𝐹)/𝐴_𝑡 ) 〖 , 𝑇〗 T1 = Meridional (Longitudinal) Unit force. (lb/in)

_2=𝑃×𝑅_𝑐
T2= Latitudinal (Circumferential ) Unit force. (lb/in)
Required shell thikness calculation : as per API 620 5.10.3.2. Eqn. (16),
𝑡_𝑡=(𝑀𝑎𝑥( 𝑇_1,𝑇_2))/𝑆_(𝑡𝑠−𝑡) tt=Dhydrostatic Test Thickness (mm)
tu=Used(Slected) thickness of shell (mm)
trial : SA537-CL+S5)
38,000 mm 1,496.06 in
14,810 mm 583.07 in
13,910 mm 45.64 ift
1000 Kg/m3 62.43 lb/ft3
19000 mm 748.03 in
1133.54 m2 1,756,987 in2
W=See Below 3.2.1. Table
0 Kg 0 Lb
482.633 Mpa 70,000 psi
344.738 Mpa 50,000 psi

144.790 Mpa 21,000 psi

(API 620 R.6.1)
265.448 Mpa 38,500 psi
×𝑃_𝑔 0 mbar 0 psi
See Below 3.2.1 Table(a)
(As Per Design Data Sheet)

𝑇_2 𝑡_𝑡 Used

Thickness Weight

〖 (𝑡 〗 _𝑢)
lb/in in mm mm kg
1,659.8 0.043111 1.1 10 23,060 Ok
4,287.7 0.111369 2.8 10 23,153 Ok
6,915.7 0.179628 4.6 11 25,469 Ok
9,543.7 0.247887 6.3 14 32,418 Ok
12,171.6 0.316146 8.0 16 37,051 Ok
14,799.6 0.384404 9.8 18 41,685 Ok
182,837

dinal) Unit force. (lb/in)

erential ) Unit force. (lb/in)

kness (mm)
ess of shell (mm)
3.3) Summary of shell Plate Thickness(Inner Tank)(Matrial : SA537-CL+S5)
Total Calcc. Used
Shell Width of Total At Hydro Design or Shell
Course Used Liquid Hydro At Design test Thickness Th'k Test status Weight
Test (td) mm Max(td,tt) (tu)
No. Plate Height (tt) mm Codition (Kg)
Height mm mm
6 2,460 1,560 1,560 4.37 1.10 4.37 10 Design Ok 23,059.6
5 2,470 4,030 4,030 6.55 2.83 6.55 10 Design Ok 23,153.4
4 2,470 6,500 6,500 8.72 4.56 8.72 11 Design Ok 25,469.4
3 2,470 8,970 8,970 10.90 6.30 10.90 14 Design Ok 32,418.1
2 2,470 11,440 11,440 13.07 8.03 13.07 16 Design Ok 37,051.3
1 2,470 13,910 13,910 15.24 9.76 15.24 18 Design Ok 41,684.9
ok 14,810 14,810 182,836.6
3.4) Max. Membrane Stress Check of shell Plate for Operating Condition
1)Calculation Formula

Maximum Membrane Stree for T2(For Vertical Weld Joint): Sms1

𝑆_𝑚𝑠1=𝑇_2/((𝑡_𝑢𝑠𝑒𝑑−𝐶.𝐴×𝐸))

Where.
T2= Latitudional unit force in wall of tank at the level under consideration (lb/in)
C.A= Corrosion allowance = 3 mm
E= Joint efficiency of shell weld = 1
tused = Used shell plate thickness

2) Calculation result (Inner Shell at Design Condition)

Used vertical weld joinj

Shell th'k
Course Material (tu)
No. T2 Sms1 Decision for Sms1
in mm lb/in psi psi
6 SA537-CL1+S5 0.393701 10 1,135.28 4,120.79 <
5 SA537-CL1+S5 0.393701 10 2,932.81 10,645.37 >
4 SA537-CL1+S5 0.433071 11 4,730.34 15,023.10 >
3 SA537-CL1+S5 0.551181 14 6,527.86 15,076.56 >
2 SA537-CL1+S5 0.629921 16 8,325.39 16,269.39 >
1 SA537-CL1+S5 0.708661 18 10,122.92 17,144.08 >

where
Decision value Sms1: 0.1 times of specified minimum tensile strenght
(by API 620 App. R.5.6.1 & R .5.6.2 & Figure R-2)
SA537-CL1+S5 70,000 * 0.1 = 7000.013
3)Decision of Radiographic Examination
A) For Vertical Weld Joint of 1st upto 5th Course, Sms1 Tensile Stress is Greater than Specified
Minimum Tensile Strength of the plate Material,

B) For vertical weld joint of 6th course, Sms1 tensile Stress is less than Specified
minimum tensile strength of the plate material,

therfore, shell plate to be examined by radiographic examination accoding to API 620

Appendix R, Figure R-2 lower sketch.
ation (lb/in)
0.1182 in

weld joinj

Decision for Sms1

psi
7000.013
7000.013
7000.013
7000.013
7000.013
7000.013

tress is Greater than Specified

than Specified

n accoding to API 620

4.Bottom plate and Annular Plate of Calculation
4.1) Bottom plate (API 620 Sec 5.9.4.2)
1) Material of bottom plate = SA516-60N+S5
Bottom plate corrosion allowance C.A= 0.1182 inch 3
Min,thickness: (API 620 SEC 5.9.4.2[1/4"]) tbm= 0.25 inch 6.35

2) Required bottom plate thickness tbm+C.A= 0.3682 inch 9.35228

Used thickness of bottom plate tb-used= 0.394 inch 10

4.2) Annular plate (API 620 Table R-6)

1)Design Condition
Annular pate material MATERIAL= SA516-60+S5
Design specific Gravity of liquid content 𝐺_𝑝= 0.684
Gravity of hydrostatic test 𝐺_𝑡= 1
Diameter of tank inside 𝐷_ = 124.672 ft
Nominal thickness for 1st shell course t= 0.709 inch
Design required thickness for 1st shell course 𝑡_𝑑= 0.600 inch
Hydro-test required thickness for 1st shell course 𝑡_𝑡= 0.384 inch
Design liquid level 𝐻_𝑑= 45.636 ft
2)Maximum Product stress
𝑆_𝑑=(2.6×𝐷×𝐻_𝑑×𝐺_𝑃)/𝑡 𝑆_(𝑑=) 14278.14 psi

*But-weded annular bottom plate shall be used.

3) Annular plate thicjness

Minimum annular plate thickness(0.25in)+C.A 𝑡_(𝑏−𝑚𝑖𝑛)= 0.368 inch
Used thickness of annular plate 𝑡_𝑏= 0.394 inch
0.25
API 620[TABLE R-6 Thickness Requirements (a) for the Annular Bottom plate] (tb:in)
Nominal Thickness Design Stress(b) in first shell Course(lb/in2)
of First Shell Course(in)
<=20,000 22,000 24,000 26,000
<=0.75 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4
>0.75 to 1.00 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4
>1.00 to 1.25 1/4 1/4 5/16 3/8
>1.25 to 1.50 1/4 9/32 3/8 7/16

4) Width of annular plate (API 620 R.3.5.1 and API 650 Appendic E.6.2.1.1.2)

Used annular plate thickness tb= 0.394 inch

Design liquid level plus internal pressure head H=Hb= 45.636 ft
Design specific gravity of liquid G= 0.684

4-1) Min.annular plate width(w) 𝑤=(360×𝑡_𝑏)/((𝐻×𝐺)^0.5 ) w= 25.36791 inch

(width between the inside of the shell and any lap welded joint in the reminder of the bottom)

4-2) Min. required annular plate width due to seismic wSei= 33.90991 inch
Min.radial width due to seismin(API Appendix E.6.2.1.1.2-1a) (Refer to Calculation 8.2.7)
4-3) Annular plate width :wDes=Max.(w,wSei) = 33.90991 inch
4-4) Min. annular plate width Lmin=(Wo+t1+wDes+Ov) = 39.659 inch
4-5) Used annular plate width L= 39.76378 inch

5) Dimensions for annular plate(Unit: mm)

Tank inside dimeter Di= 124.67 ft 38000

Length of annular outer dia. To shell outer dimeter Wo= 2.52 inch 64
1st shell course thickness(Uncorroded) t1= 0.71 inch 18
Annular plate inside diameter Aid= 118.58 ft 36144
Annular plate outside dimeter Aod= 125.21 ft 38164
Overlap of annular plate and bottom plate Ov= 0.21 ft 64
mm
mm

mm
mm

38.00 m
18.00 mm
15.24 mm
9.76 mm
13.91 m

98 Mpa

9.352 mm
10.000 mm

10.000 mm
13.91 m

644.3448 mm
 861.3 mm

861.3117 mm
1007.328 mm
1010 mm

mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
5.Inner tank shell stiffener calculation
Refer to Guide STORAGE TANK& EQUIPMENT,Bob Long
The David Taylor model basin Formula is Used to decide upon the pitching of the stiffeners on the tank shell.
This is taken from the work of Windendurg and Trilling(Reference 18.4),some of which is based on test work
carried out on behalf of the US Navy as far back as 1929.

5-1) The Maximum height of unstiffened side wall (Ls)(equ. 18.10)

𝐿_𝑠=D×√(𝑡/𝐷)×[0.45+(2.42×𝐸×(𝑡/
𝐷)^2)/(𝐹×𝑝×(1−𝜇^2 )^0.75 )] = 365.34092134 inch

where,
p=External Pressure of Insulation Pressure from annular space= 0.0725 psi
(Min Valvue od STE's Standard)
D=Inner tank dimeter = 1,496.06 inch
F=Factor of Safty = 2
E=Modules od elasticity = 28,860,000 psi
t=thickness of the thinnest(top) shell course = 0.275590551181 inch
μ=Poisson's ratio = 0.3

Width of Corrosion Transposed

Shell Thick. Used Plate Allowance t_uniform t_actual Width
No tn(mm) w(mm) C.A(mm) tu(mm) ta(mm) wtr(mm)
6 10 2,460 3 7.0 7.0 2,460.0
5 10 2,470 3 7.0 7.0 2,470.0
4 11 2,470 3 7.0 8.0 1,769.0
3 14 2,470 3 7.0 11.0 797.9
2 16 2,470 3 7.0 13.0 525.5
1 18 2,470 3 7.0 15.0 367.5
Wtr= 8,389.9

𝑊_𝑡𝑟=𝑊√((𝑡_𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚/𝑡_𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 )^5 )

where,

𝑊_(𝑡𝑟 ) =Tranposed width of each shell course, mm

𝑊_ =Actual width of each shell course, mm
𝑡_(𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚 )=Thickness of top shell course(corroded),mm
𝑡_(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 )= Thickness of the the shell course for which the transpose width is being calculated, mm

5-2) The number of stiffeners requires to stabilise the shell is given by : (equ. 18.11)
𝑁_(𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑓𝑓 )=𝑊_𝑡𝑟/𝐿_𝑠 −1
= -0.095888 = 0 EA
 the tank shell.
d on test work

9279.659 mm

0.0005 Mpa

38,000 mm

198,983 Mpa
7.0 mm

th is being calculated, mm
6.Top Grider Calculation
Refer to Guide STORAGE TANK& EQUIPMENT,Bob Long
The David Taylor model basin Formula is Used to decide upon the pitching of the stiffeners on the tank shell.
This is taken from the work of Windendurg and Trilling(Reference 18.4),some of which is based on test work
carried out on behalf of the US Navy as far back as 1929.

6.1)Requies moment od inertia(equ.18.13)

𝐼_𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑑=(𝐹×𝑝×𝐿_𝑎×𝐷^3 )/(8×𝐸×(𝑁^2−1) ) in4

= 12.15

6.2)Calculate the number of buckling waves(Min. N=2,Max.=10)(equ. 18.12)

𝑁^2=(0.663 )/(𝐻/𝐷×(𝑇_𝑎𝑣/𝐷)^0.5 ) 𝑁^2= 104.0027462 𝑁^ =

where,
p=External pressure or insulation pressure from annular space = 0.0725
D=inner tank diameter = 1,496.06
H=Inner height = 583.07
𝐿_𝑎=Inner Stiffener height = 572.06
F=Factor of safety = 2
E=Modules of elasticity = 28,860,000
Tav=Averege thikness of inner shell plate = 0.40

6.3) Calculated moment of inertia and cross sectional area

Available section modulus for top grider

Girder material and size(Material : SA 537-CL1) L 100 x
Web plate length(#2) = 100 mm
Toe plate length (#1) = 100 mm
Web plate corroded thk, (#2) = 7 mm
Toe Plate corroded thk,(#1) = 7 mm
Min,shell thickness where top grider located,tsc.cor = 7 mm
Corrosion Allowance = 3 mm

𝑡_(𝑠𝑐.𝑐𝑜𝑟.)= 7 mm

𝑡_(𝑠𝑐.𝑐𝑜𝑟.)×16=112 mm

𝑡_(𝑠𝑐.𝑐𝑜𝑟.)×16=112 mm
 38,000 mm

7 mm

Un-
No. A(mm2) Y(mm) AY (mm3) h (mm) A.h2 (mm4) I=(bd3)/12 Corroded
(mm4)
Weight (kg)

#1 700 110.5 77350 69.1462264 3346840.4392 2858.333333 936.748777

#2 700 57 39900 15.6462264 171363.08072 583333.3333 937.681835
#3 1568 3.5 5488 37.8537736 2246800.0178 6402.666667 2098.40008
Total 2968 122738 5765003.5377 592594.3333 3972.83069
where,
Natural axis of combined section C1= 41.4 mm
moment of inertia of section Iact= 6,357,598 mm4
Section modullus available Za=Iact/C1= 153,737 mm3
Required minimum section modulus. Ireqd= 5,057,940 mm4

Ireqd < Iact ,therefor the top grider is Satisfactory

e tank shell.

5,057,940 mm4

10.19817 N= 10

psi 0.0005 Mpa

in 38,000 mm
in 14,810 mm
in 14,530 mm

psi 198,983 Mpa

in 10.2 mm

100 x 10
7.Tank Stability check due to seismic: API 620 APPENDIX. L[CLE]
7.1)DESIGN CONDITION & DIMENSION
DESIGN CODE: API 620 Appendix. L [CLE] and API 650 Appendix E and ASCE 7-10

Tank diameter 𝐷_=

Tank height 𝐻_𝑡=
1st shell course thickness 𝑡_ =
Min. Yield strength of 1st shell and annular plate 𝐹_𝑡𝑦=
Production design stress 𝑆_𝑑=
Tank elastic modulus 𝐸_=
Shell weight(Excluded anchor strap weight) 𝑊_𝑠=
Roof weight 𝑊_𝑟=
Bottom weight 𝑊_𝑓=
Specific gravity of content 𝐺_ =
Desity of fulid 𝑝_=
Design Liguid level(H=D.L.L) 𝐻_ =
Contents weight 𝑊_𝑝=
Corrosion Allowance 〖𝐶 .𝐴 〗 _ =
Design Internal Pressure 𝑃_𝑖=

Importance factor classification.

Impotance factor (by API 620 L.4.4.2. 3)
 Soil site class

Spectral response acceleration parameter for Short and 1-Second Periods:

Spectral acceleration param.(0.2 Sec Period)
Spectral acceleration param.(1 Sec Period)
Regional-dependent transition long-period
Seismic peak ground acceleration

Site Coefficient for short and 1-Second Periods:

Acceleration-based site coefficint
Velocity-based site coefficient

MCE Spectral Response Acceleration for short and 1-Second Periods:

MCE Spectral response acceleration param
MCE spectral response acceleration param
MCE:Maximum Considered Earthquake
7.2)Design Spectral Response Acceleration for Short and 1-Second Periods:(5% damped)
scaling factor (by API 620 App. L4.4.2.1)
Segin spectral response acceleration param. 𝑆_𝐷𝑆=
Design spectral response acceleration param. 𝑆_𝐷1=
𝑇_0=0.2×𝑆_𝐷1∕𝑆_𝐷𝑆 𝑇_0=
𝑇_𝑆=𝑆_𝐷1∕𝑆_𝐷𝑆 𝑇_𝑆=
reginal-dependent transition long period 𝑇_𝐿=
Structural Period of Vibration(Including sloshing): (Using API 650 Appendix E)
Cofficient of impulsive natural period 𝐶_𝑖= 6.883
Coefficient of sloshing period 𝐾_𝑠= 0.618
Impulsive natural period 𝑇_𝑖= 0.292
Convective (Sloshing) Period 𝑇_𝑐= 6.863
Short period(Design) 𝑇_𝑠= 0.307
Where,
𝑇_(𝑖(𝑆𝑒𝑐))=𝑀𝑎𝑥{( 〖 1/2000 〗 ^0.5×(𝐶_𝑖×𝐻/(𝑡_𝑢/D)^0.5)×(𝑝/𝐸)^0.5 ), 0.128}
𝑇_(𝑐(𝑆𝑒𝑐))=1.8×𝐾_𝑠×𝑆𝑄𝑅𝑇(𝐷)
𝑇_(𝑠(𝑆𝑒𝑐))=𝑆_𝐷1/𝑆_𝐷𝑆

7.3)Design Spectral Response Accelerations of Tank(Impulsive method)

Force reduction factor (Impulsive mode) 𝑅_𝑤𝑖=
Force reducrtion factor(convective mode) 𝑅_𝑤𝑐=
Coefficient to adjudt the spectral acceleration 𝐾=
Impaulsive spectral acceleration parameter. 𝐴_𝑖=
Covective spectral acceleration parametet. 𝐴_𝑐=
Vertical earthquake acceleration parameter. 𝐴_𝑣=
where,
Impulsive spectral acceleration parameter, Ai:
 𝐴_𝑖=𝑆_𝐷𝑆×(𝐼/𝑅_𝑤𝑖 )=2.5𝑄𝐹_𝑎 𝑆_𝑂×(𝐼/𝑅_𝑤𝑖 )

𝐻𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑟, 𝐴_𝑖≥0.007
𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑓𝑜𝑟 , 𝑆_1≥0.6:
𝐴_𝑖≥ 〖 0.5𝑆 〗 _1×(𝐼/𝑅_𝑤𝑖 )=0.625×𝑆_𝑃×(𝐼/𝑅_𝑤𝑖 )

Covective spectral acceleration parameter, Ac:

〖𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑇 _𝐶≤𝑇_𝐿 𝐴 〗 _𝑐= 〖𝐾 ×𝑆 〗 _𝐷1 (1/𝑇_𝑐 )×(𝐼/𝑅_𝑤𝑐 )=2.5𝐾𝑄𝐹_𝑎 𝑆_𝑂 (𝑇_𝑠/𝑇_𝑐 )(𝐼/𝑅_𝑤𝑖 )≤𝐴

〖𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑇 _𝐶>𝑇_𝐿 𝐴 〗 _𝑐= 〖𝐾 ×𝑆 〗 _𝐷1 (𝑇_𝐿/(𝑇_𝑐^2 ))×(𝐼/𝑅_𝑤𝑐 )=2.5𝐾𝑄𝐹_𝑎 𝑆_𝑂 ((𝑇_𝑠 𝑇_𝐿)/(𝑇_𝑐

7.4)Seismic base shear force and sliding resistance

Total Base Shera Force at design(SRSS) V= 2,959 ton
Sliding Resistance Vs= 3,144 ton
therfore, the tank is no Sliding Stable V<Vs
where, CASE=D/H =
short period(Design) 𝑇_𝑠=
Impulsive natural period cofficent 𝐶_𝑖=
Impulsive natural period 𝑇_𝑖=
Convective (Sloshing) period 𝑇_𝑐=
Effective impulsive portion, liquid weight 𝑊_𝑖=
Effective convective portion, Liquid weight 𝑊_𝑐=
Design base shear force(Impulsive components) 𝑉_𝑖=
Design base shear force(Convective components) 𝑉_𝑐=
Total base shear force at design (SRSS) 𝑉=
SRSS:Square Root of the Sum of the Squares
Friction cofficient for tank sliding μ=
Sliding resistance 𝑉_𝑠=
Local shear transfer force (kg/cm) 𝑉_𝑚𝑎𝑥=
𝑊_𝑖=𝑇𝐴𝑁𝐻(0.866∗𝐷/𝐻)/
(0.866∗𝐷/𝐻)∗𝑊𝑝 𝑊_𝑐=(0.23*D/H*TANH(3.67*H/D))*Wp
𝑉_𝑐=Ac*Wc
𝑉_𝑖=Ai*(Wr+Ws+Wf+Wi)
𝑉=𝑆𝑄𝑅𝑇(𝑉_𝑖^2+𝑉_𝑐^2)
𝑉_𝑠=μ(Wr+Ws+Wf+Wp)(1-0.4Av) 𝑉_𝑚𝑎𝑥=2𝑉/𝜋𝐷 𝐴𝑃𝐼 650 𝐸.7.7−1
7.5)Overturning Moment
(Note:Mrw is the ringwall overturning momet at top of foundation.)
Center of action for ring wall overturing moment CASE: D/H=
Height of tank shell's center of gravity(included top girder) 𝑋_𝑠=
Height of roof appurtenances center of gravity 𝑋_𝑟=
Height of Impulsive mode(For RINGWALL moment) 𝑋_𝑖=
Height of convective mode(for RINGWALL moment) 𝑋_𝑐=
Height of impulsive mode(for SLAB moment) 𝑋_𝑖𝑠=
Height of convective mode(for SLAB moment) 𝑋_𝑐𝑠=
Overturning RINGWALL moment 𝑀_𝑟𝑤=
Overturrning SLAB moment 𝑀_𝑠=
where,
𝑴_𝒓𝒘=SQRT[Ai*(𝑾𝒊∗𝑿𝒊+𝑾𝒔∗𝑿𝒔+𝑾𝒓∗𝑿𝒓)^𝟐+(𝑨𝒄∗𝑾𝒄∗𝑿𝒄)^𝟐]
𝑴_𝒔=SQRT[Ai*(𝑾𝒊∗𝑿𝒊𝒔+𝑾𝒔∗𝑿𝒔+𝑾𝒓∗𝑿𝒓)^𝟐+(𝑨𝒄∗𝑾𝒄∗𝑿𝒄𝒔)^𝟐]

7.6)Anchorage Ratio

𝐽=𝑀_𝑟𝑤/(𝐷^2 (𝑊_𝑡 (1−0.4×𝐴_𝑣 )+𝑊_𝑎−0.4×𝑊_𝑖𝑛𝑡))=

J= 3.1
API 650 Appendix E (table E-6) Anchorage Ratio Criteria
𝐽≤0.785 No calculation uplift under the design seismic overturning momrnt.
The tank is self-anchored.
0.785<𝐽≤1.54 Tank is uplifting, but the tank is stable for the design load providing t
compression.requirements are satisfied. Tank is self-anchore
𝐽>1.54 Tankis not stable and cannot be self-anchored for design load, mod
annular ring if L<0.35D is not controlling or add mechanical ancho
where,
Vertical earthquake acceleration parameter Av=
Effective specific gravity Ge=
 Shell and roof weight acting at base of shell Wt=
Roof Load acting on the shell, including Wrs=
10% of the specified snow load

Force resisting uplift is annular region Wa=

99*Ta*SQRT(Fy*H*Ge)<=201.1*H*D*Ge (API 650 E6.2.1
Wa=Min( 3345.3792425526 , 5,162
WaMax=5742*H*Ge*Ls, Ls=0.035D , WaMax= 5162.37938577
Calculated design uplift load due to product pressure per unit circumferential length
𝑊_𝑖𝑛𝑡=(𝑃_𝑖 𝐷)/4=
Wint= 0
Internal Design Pressure Pi= 0

Mechanical Anchorage requires check by Seismic: YES

7.7)Annular Ring Requirement

Min.radial width(Api 650 Appendix E6.2.1.1.2-1a) L=0.01723Ta*SQRT(Fy/(H*Ge)) L=
The maximum width of annulus for determining resisting force, 0.035D (Per API 650 E6.2.1.1.2-1a)
Annular plate limit width
Annular plate thickness. Corr. Allowance:
10 - 3=
Min. specified tied strengh of annular plate

7.8)Uplift force calculation due to seismic loading.

𝑊_𝐴𝐵= 〖 1.273𝑀 〗 _𝑟𝑤/𝐷^2 −𝑊_𝑡 ( 〖 1−0.4×𝐴 〗 _𝑣 ) 𝑊_𝐴𝐵=

𝑊_𝐴𝐵 : Calculated design uplift load on anchores per unit cicmferential length.
𝑊_𝑖𝑛𝑡 : Calculated design uplift load 𝑊_𝑖𝑛𝑡 =
dut to design internal pressure per unit circumferential length.
𝑇_𝑠𝑒 : Load per anchorage 𝑇_𝑠𝑒 =𝜋𝐷𝑊_𝐴𝐵/𝑁
𝑁: Anchor Quantity: N= 56

7.9)Shell-Membrance Compression Stress

Copression in Mechanically anchored tanks
𝜎_𝑐 J (
Maximum Logitudinal shell copression stress ( ) When 3.1
O Un-Anchored tanks when J<=0.785 𝜎_𝑐= 1.291
O Un-Anchored tanks when 0.785<J<=1.54 𝜎_𝑐= -0.314
X Mechanically anchored when J>1.54 𝜎_𝑐= 1.291
Allowable longitudinal shell-membrane compression stress (API 650 Appendix E.6.2.3)
When,
〖𝐺𝐻𝐷〗 ^2⁄(𝑡_𝑠^2 )≥44 〖𝐺𝐻𝐷〗 ^2⁄(𝑡_𝑠^2 )= 61.06𝑚^3∕ 〖𝑚𝑚〗 ^2

Fc=83ts/D Fc= 32.76

 Therefore,

Maximum
stress Allowable
< Fc(kg/mm2)
(Kg/mm2)

1.3 3.343

Maximum logitudial compression stress, ( )

1) for Self-Anchored Tank, [API650 Appendix E6.2.2.1]
When, J<=0.785 𝜎_𝑐=(𝑊_𝑡 (1+ 〖 0.4𝐴 〗 _𝑣 )
+ 〖 1.273𝑀 〗 _𝑟𝑤/𝐷^2 ) 1/( 〖 1000𝑡 〗 _𝑠 ) =
when, 0.785<J<=1.54 𝜎_𝑐=((𝑊_𝑡 (1+ 〖 0.4𝐴 〗 _𝑣
)+𝑊_𝑎)/(0.607−0.18667 〖 [𝐽] 〗 ^2.3 )−𝑊_𝑎 ) 1/
( 〖 1000𝑡 〗 _𝑠 ) =
2)For Mechanically-Anchored Tanks, [API 650 Appendix E 6.2.2.2]
when J>1.54
𝜎_𝑐=(𝑊_𝑡 (1+ 〖 0.4𝐴 〗 _𝑣 )
+ 〖 1.273𝑀 〗 _𝑟𝑤/𝐷^2 ) 1/( 〖 1000𝑡 〗 _𝑠 ) =

7.10) Sloshing height calculation (API650 Appendix E.7.2.1)

Sloshing wave height above the product design height 𝛿_𝑠=0.42×𝐷×𝐴_𝑓+ℎ_𝑠=
when, SUGII and SDS>+0.33g then
Freeboard height (Eng. Spec.2UA-229-21-FE-DSH-23079)

ℎ_𝑠:
Additional shell height required above the sloshing height.(by MOM)
𝐴_𝑓: Acceleration coefficient for sloshing wave height calculation.
where,
Seismic use group
Importance factor(by API 620 App. L.4.4.2. 3)
Coefficient to adjust the spectral acceleration.
Design spectral response scceleration param. 𝑆_𝐷1=
Convective(Sloshing) period(API 650 App. E.3.4.2) 𝑇_𝐶=
Regional-Dependent transition long-period
7.11) Dynammic Hoop Stress Calculation (API 650 Appendix E 6.1.4)
when, D/H= 2.73184759166 > 1.333
t Y Nh Ni Nc
No. Y<0.75D
mm m (N/mm) (N/mm) (N/mm)
6 7 1.56 194.8 <0.75D 50.1 54.0
5 7 4.03 503.1 <0.75D 129.4 53.8
4 8 6.50 811.5 <0.75D 208.8 53.7
3 11 8.97 1,119.8 <0.75D 288.1 53.6
2 13 11.44 1,428.2 <0.75D 367.5 53.6
1 15 13.91 1,736.6 <0.75D 446.8 53.6

t thickness of the shell under consideration(Corroded) mm

Y Distanse from liquid surface to analysis point(Positive down) m
𝑁_ℎ Product hydrostatic membrance force in shell N/mm
𝑁_𝑖 Impalsive hoop membrane force in shell N/mm
𝑁_𝑐 Convective hoop membrane force in shell N/mm
𝜎_𝑇 Total combied hoop stress in shell N/mm
𝜎_𝑇=𝜎_ℎ±𝜎_𝑆={𝑁_ℎ±(𝑁_𝑖^2+𝑁_𝑐^2+((𝐴_𝑣×𝑁_ℎ)⁄2.5)^2 )^0.5 }/t
Mpa
𝐺 specific gravity 0.684
𝐷 Tank Diameter 38 m
𝐻 Height of product liquid 13.91 m
𝐴_𝑖 Impulsive spectral acceleration parameter 0.616
𝐴_𝐶 Convective spectral acceleration parameter 0.060
𝐴_𝑣 Vertical earthquake acceleration parameter 0.724
𝐸 Joint efficiency 1
𝐹_𝑡𝑦 Min, reduced yied strengh of botoom shell course 344.7 Mpa
𝑆_𝑑 Product design stress 144.8 Mpa
𝑆_𝑎 Allowable stress (API 650 Appendix E.6.2.4) 192.6 Mpa
𝑆_𝑎=Min(0.8𝐹_𝑡𝑦×𝐸, 𝑆_𝑑×1.33) 192.570567
 38,000 mm 124.67 ft
14,810 mm 48.59 ft
18 mm 0.71 inch
344.738 Mpa 50 ksi
144.7899 Mpa 21 ksi
198,983 Mpa 28,860 ksi
186.8 Ton 411.84 kips
0 Ton 0.00 kips
92.6 Ton 204.17 kips
0.684
684 Kg/m3 42.70 pcf
13,910 mm 45.64 ft
10,785 Ton 23,776.61 kips
3 mm 0.12 inch
0 mmAq 0.00 mbar

= 1
 = C

𝑆_𝑠= 1.54 g
𝑆_1= 0.315 g
𝑇_𝐿= 6 Sec.
𝑆_𝑝= 𝑆_𝑝=𝑆_𝑆/2.5, 𝑆_𝑝=𝑆_1/1.25
0.616

𝐹_𝑎= 1g from table E.1

𝐹_𝑣= 1.5 g from table E.1

𝑆_𝑀𝑆= 1.54 𝑆_𝑀𝑠=𝐹_𝑎×𝑆_𝑠 ASCE 7-10

𝑆_𝑀1= 0.4725 𝑆_𝑀1=𝐹_𝑣×𝑆_1 ASCE 7-10

% damped)
Q= 1
1.540 g 𝑆_𝐷1=𝑄×𝑆_𝑀𝑆
0.473 g 𝑆_𝐷1=𝑄×𝑆_𝑀1
0.061 sec 𝐴𝑆𝐶𝐸 7−10
0.307 sec 𝐴𝑆𝐶𝐸 7−10
6 sec

𝐶_𝑖=from API 650 Appendix E Fig.E-1

𝐾_𝑠=0.578/SQRT(TANH(3.68*H/D))
sec
sec
sec

2.5
1.5
1.5 𝐴𝑃𝐼 620 𝐴𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑥 . 𝐿.4.2
0.616 g
0.060 g
0.724 g 𝐴_𝑣=0.47×𝑆_𝐷𝑆

API620 Table L-1R,Appendix R Tanks

 Inner Tank:
Anchorage system Rwi Rwc
Self Anchored 2.25 1.5
Mech.-Anchored 2.5 1.5

𝑂 (𝑇_𝑠/𝑇_𝑐 )(𝐼/𝑅_𝑤𝑖 )≤𝐴_𝑖

𝐹_𝑎 𝑆_𝑂 ((𝑇_𝑠 𝑇_𝐿)/(𝑇_𝑐^2 ))(𝐼/𝑅_𝑤𝑖 )≤𝐴_𝑖

29,003 KN
30,815 KN

2.6 >1.333
0.307 sec.
6.883 sec.
0.292 sec.
6.863 sec.
4,479 ton
6,771 ton
2,931 ton
408 ton
2,959 ton

0.4
3,144 ton
496 Kg/cm

ANH(3.67*H/D))*Wp

𝑃𝐼 650 𝐸.7.7−1
 0.001

2.6 > 1.333

7,405.0 mm 7.41 m
0.0 mm 0.00 m
5,216.3 mm 5.22 m
7,841.4 mm 7.84 m
15,005.4 mm 15.01 m
13,646.0 mm 13.65 m
19,684,381.0 kg.m 192,907 KN-m
54,122,986.5 kg.m 530,405 KN-m

∗𝑾𝒄∗𝑿𝒄)^𝟐]
𝑾𝒄∗𝑿𝒄𝒔)^𝟐]

momrnt.

he design load providing the shell

fied. Tank is self-anchored.
ored for design load, modify the
or add mechanical anchorage. O
0.724 g Av=0.47*Sds
0.486 g 𝐺_𝑒=G(1-
0.4𝐴_𝑣)
𝑊_𝑡=𝑊_𝑠/𝜋
𝐷+𝑊_𝑟𝑠
 𝐺_𝑒=G(1-
1,565.6 Kg/m 0.4𝐴_𝑣)
𝑊_𝑡=𝑊_𝑠/𝜋
𝐷+𝑊_𝑟𝑠
0.0 Kg/m Wrs=Wr/3.14D

3,345 Kg/m 32,807 N/m

(API 650 E6.2.1.1-1a)
)Kg/m
Kg/m (API 650 E6.2.1.1-2a)

Kg/m
mmAq 0 kPa 0 bar

API 650 Appendix E.6.2.1.1.1

861.3 mm

L Max= 1330 mm Lmax.=0.035D

ta= 7 mm
Fy= 344.738 Mpa (SA537-CL1 API 620 Table 5-1)

𝑊_𝐴𝐵= 16,241.0 kg/m 159.2 KN/m

𝑊_𝑖𝑛𝑡 = 0 Kg/m 0 KN/m

𝑇_𝑠𝑒= 34.6 Ton 339.3 KN

(API 650 Appendix E.6.2.2)

) > 1.5
Kg/mm2 12.7 Mpa
Kg/mm2 -3.1 Mpa
Kg/mm2 12.7 Mpa

〖𝑚𝑚〗 ^2>= 44 𝑚^3∕ 〖𝑚𝑚〗 ^2

Mpa 3.3 Kg/mm2

 Tank is stable by Seismic

1.291 Kg/mm2 12.7 Mpa

𝑡 〗 _𝑠 ) =
-0.314 Kg.mm2 -3.1 Mpa
)−𝑊_𝑎 ) 1/

〗 _𝑠 ) = 1.291 Kg.mm2 12.7 Mpa

𝛿_𝑠= 1,741 mm
〖 0.7𝛿 〗 _𝑠= 1,219 mm
𝛿_𝑠= 600 mm
〖 0.7𝛿 〗 _𝑠 𝛿_𝑠)=
Max( 1,219 mm
ℎ_𝑠= 300 mm
𝐴_𝑓=K𝑆_𝐷1 𝑇_𝐿/(𝑇_𝐶^2 )
𝐴_𝑓= 0.090 g

II
I= 1
K= 1.5
𝑆_𝐷1= 0.473
𝑇_𝐶= 6.863
𝑇_𝐿= 6

𝜎_𝑇 𝑆_𝑎
<or> Check
(Mpa) (Mpa)
41.07 < 192.6 ok
100.75 < 192.6 ok
141.29 < 192.6 ok
141.53 < 192.6 ok
152.61 < 192.6 ok
160.75 < 192.6 ok
50,000 psi
21,000 psi
27,930 psi
8.Outer Shell plate of calculation
8.1)Shell plate thickness at design condition (Material :SA537-CL1+S5)
Diameter of the tank 𝐷= 40,000 mm
Height of Tank 𝐻_𝑡= 16,610 mm
Design Liquid Level for Shell thickness calc. 〖𝐷 .𝐿.𝐿 〗 _ = 12,600 mm
High Liquid Leve; 〖𝐻 .𝐿.𝐿 〗 _ = 12,600 mm
Corrosion Allowance 𝐶.𝐴= 3 mm
Design Specific Gravity 𝐺= 0.684 g/mm3
Tank Radius 𝑅_𝑐=𝐷⁄2 20000 mm
Cross-Sectional Area of the tank 𝐴_𝑡= 1256 m2
The Total Weight of that Portion of the Tank and its Contents 𝑊_ = See Below 8.1.1. Table
Summation of the vertical components of the forces 𝐹= 0 Kg
Joint efficiency of shell weld 𝐸= 1
Tensile Strength 𝐹_𝑢= 482.633 Mpa
Yield Strength 𝐹_𝑦= 344.738 Mpa
Maximum Allowable stree for simple tension of design liquid
Sts_d=Min(Fu*0.3,Fy*0.6) 𝑆_(𝑡𝑠−𝑑)= 144.7899 Mpa
Design Internal Pressure Pg= 150 mbar
Liquid Head pressure 𝑃_𝐿= See Below 8.1.1 Table(a)
Total Pressure 𝑃_= 𝑃_𝐿+𝑃_𝑔

8.1.1)Shell Calculation

Width of Design 𝑃_ = W= 𝑇_1 𝑇_2 𝑡_𝑑

Shell Used Liquid
course Plate Leve 𝑃_𝐿 𝑃_𝐿+𝑃_𝑔 Contents
weight
No. (D.L.L)
〖 (𝑡 〗 _𝑢)
mm mm psi psi lb lb/in lb/in in mm
8 540 0 0.000 2.176 -219,581 812.1 1,713.0 0.199684 5.1
7 1,250 0 0.000 2.176 -259,543 804.0 1,713.0 0.199684 5.1
6 2,470 250 0.243 2.419 -286,735 894.3 1,904.6 0.208803 5.3
5 2,470 2,720 2.646 4.822 -340,465 1,829.5 3,796.7 0.298905 7.6
4 2,470 5,190 5.049 7.225 -394,195 2,764.7 5,688.8 0.389006 9.9
3 2,470 7,660 7.452 9.628 -453,300 3,698.8 7,581.0 0.479108 12.2
2 2,470 10,130 9.855 12.031 -528,530 4,629.7 9,473.1 0.569209 14.5
1 2,470 12,600 12.258 14.434 -614,511 5,558.3 11,365.2 0.659311 16.7
OK 16,610

For cylindrical sidewalls of a vertical tank : as per API 620 5.10.2.5.c Eqn.(10)(11)'

𝑇_1=𝑅_𝑐/2(𝑃+(𝑊+𝐹)/𝐴_𝑡 ) 〖 , 𝑇〗 T1 = Meridional (Longitudinal) Unit force. (lb/in)

_2=𝑃×𝑅_𝑐
T2= Latitudinal (Circumferential ) Unit force. (lb/in)
Required shell thikness calculation : as per API 620 5.10.3.2. Eqn. (16),
𝑡_𝑑=(𝑀𝑎𝑥( td=Designthickness of shell (mm)
𝑇_1,𝑇_2))/(𝑆_(𝑡𝑠−𝑑)×𝐸)+ 𝐶.𝐴 tu=Used(Slected) thickness of shell (mm)
 1,574.80 in
653.94 in
41.34 ift
41.34 ft
0.12 in
42.70 lb/ft3
787.40 in
1,946,800 in2

0 Lb

70,000 psi
50,000 psi

21,000 psi
2.18 psi

Used
Thickness Weight

〖 (𝑡 〗 _𝑢)
mm kg
34.0 18,127 OK -1,250
10.0 12,334 OK -2,220
10.0 24,372 OK 250
10.0 24,372 OK 2,720
11.0 26,809 OK 5,190
14.0 34,124 OK 7,660
16.0 39,000 OK 10,130
18.0 43,878 OK 12,600
223,015
8.2) Shell Plate thickness at hydrostatic test Condition (Matrial : SA537-CL+S5)
Diameter of the tank 𝐷= 40,000 mm
Height of Tank 𝐻_𝑡= 16,610 mm
Hydro test level 〖𝐻 .𝑇.𝐿 〗 _ = 12,600 mm
Hydro Specific Gravity 〖𝑆𝐺〗 _ = 1000 Kg/m3
Tank Radius 𝑅_𝑐=𝐷⁄220000 mm
Cross-Sectional Area of the tank 𝐴_𝑡= 1256 m2
The Total Weight of that Portion of the Tank and its Contents W=See Below 8.2.1. Table
Summation of the vertical components of the forces F= 0 Kg
Tensile Strength (API 620 Table 5-1) 𝐹_𝑢= 482.633 Mpa
Yield Strength (API 620 Table 5-1) 𝐹_𝑦= 344.738 Mpa
Maximum Allowable stree for tension (API 620 Table 5-1)
Sts-d=Min(Fu*0.3,Fy*0.6) 𝑆_(𝑡𝑠−𝑑)= 144.790 Mpa
Maximum Allowable Strees for Tension of Hydro Test (API 620 R.6.1)
Sts_t=Min(Fu*0.55,Fy*0.85) 𝑆_(𝑡𝑠−𝑡)= 265.448 Mpa
Pneumatic Test Pressure 𝑃_𝑡=1.25×𝑃_𝑔 187.5 mbar
Test Water(Liquid) Head Pressure Pw= See Below 3.2.1 Table(a)
Total Pressure 𝑃_=𝑃_𝑡+𝑃_𝑤
(As Per Design Data Sheet)

3.1.1)Shell Calculation

Hydrosta 𝑃_ =
Width of tic W= 𝑇_1 𝑇_2 𝑡_𝑡
Shell Used 𝑃_𝑤 𝑃_𝑡+𝑃_𝑤 Contents
Test
course Plate Level weight
No. 〖 (𝑡 〗 _𝑢)
(H.T.L)

mm mm psi psi lb lb/in lb/in in mm

8 540 0 0.000 2.719 -219,581 1,026.2 2,141.3 0.055618 1.4
7 1,250 0 0.000 2.719 -259,543 1,018.2 2,141.3 0.055618 1.4
6 2,470 250 0.356 3.075 -286,735 1,152.7 2,421.3 0.062891 1.6
5 2,470 2,470 3.513 6.233 -340,465 2,384.9 4,907.6 0.12747 3.2
4 2,470 5,190 7.382 10.101 -394,195 3,897.2 7,953.9 0.206593 5.2
3 2,470 7,660 10.895 13.615 -453,300 5,268.4 10,720.1 0.278445 7.1
2 2,470 10,130 14.408 17.128 -528,530 6,636.3 13,486.4 0.350296 8.9
1 2,470 12,600 17.921 20.641 -614,511 8,002.1 16,252.7 0.422147 10.7
ok 16,610

For cylindrical sidewalls of a vertical tank : as per API 620 5.10.2.5.c Eqn.(10)(11)'

𝑇_1=𝑅_𝑐/2(𝑃+(𝑊+𝐹)/𝐴_𝑡 ) 〖 , 𝑇〗 T1 = Meridional (Longitudinal) Unit force. (lb/in)

_2=𝑃×𝑅_𝑐
T2= Latitudinal (Circumferential ) Unit force. (lb/in)
Required shell thikness calculation : as per API 620 5.10.3.2. Eqn. (16),
𝑡_𝑡=(𝑀𝑎𝑥( 𝑇_1,𝑇_2))/𝑆_(𝑡𝑠−𝑡) tt=Dhydrostatic Test Thickness (mm)
𝑡_𝑡=(𝑀𝑎𝑥( 𝑇_1,𝑇_2))/𝑆_(𝑡𝑠−𝑡)
tu=Used(Slected) thickness of shell (mm)
SA537-CL+S5)
1,574.80 in
653.94 in
41.34 ift
62.43 lb/ft3
787.40 in
1,946,800 in2

0 Lb
70,000 psi
50,000 psi

21,000 psi

38,500 psi
2.7195 psi 1912.024 mmAq

Used
Thickness Weight
〖 (𝑡 〗 _𝑢)

mm kg
34 18,127 Ok
10 12,334 Ok
10 24,372 Ok
10 24,372 Ok
11 26,809 Ok
14 34,124 Ok
16 39,000 Ok
18 43,878 Ok
223,015
8.3) Summery of Outer Shell Plate Thickness (Matrial : SA537-CL+S5)
Total Calcc. Used
Shell Width of Total Hydro At Design At Hydro Thickness Th'k Design or
Course Used Liquid test Test status
No. Plate Height Test (td) mm (tt) mm Max(td,tt (tu) Codition
Height ) mm mm

8 540 0 0 5.1 1.4 5.07 34.0 Design Ok

7 1,250 0 0 5.1 1.4 5.07 10.0 Design Ok
6 2,470 250 250 5.3 1.6 5.30 10.0 Design Ok
5 2,470 2,720 2,470 7.6 3.2 7.59 10.0 Design Ok
4 2,470 5,190 5,190 9.9 5.2 9.88 11.0 Design Ok
3 2,470 7,660 7,660 12.2 7.1 12.17 14.0 Design Ok
2 2,470 10,130 10,130 14.5 8.9 14.46 16.0 Design Ok
1 2,470 12,600 12,600 16.7 10.7 16.75 18.0 Design Ok
Ok 16,610 16,610
+S5)

Shell Shell Weight

Weight
(Kg) (Kg)-Corroded

17,221.2 15,700.5 31.0

11,717.3 8,201.5 7.0
23,153.4 16,206.1 7.0
23,153.4 16,206.1 7.0
25,469.4 18,521.7 8.0
32,418.1 25,469.4 11.0
37,051.3 30,101.8 13.0
41,684.9 34,734.6 15.0
211,868.9 165,141.6
8.4) Max. Membrane Stress Check of shell Plate for Operating Condition
1)Calculation Formula

Maximum Membrane Stree for T2(For Vertical Weld Joint): Sms1

𝑆_𝑚𝑠1=𝑇_2/((𝑡_𝑢𝑠𝑒𝑑−𝐶.𝐴×𝐸))

Where.
T2= Latitudional unit force in wall of tank at the level under consideration (lb/in)
C.A= Corrosion allowance = 3 mm 0.1182
E= Joint efficiency of shell weld = 1
tused = Used shell plate thickness

2) Calculation result (Inner Shell at Design Condition)

Used vertical weld joinj
Shell th'k
Course Material (tu) T2 Sms1 Decision for Sms1
No. in mm lb/in psi psi
8 SA537-CL1+S5 1.338583 34 1,713.05 1,279.75 < 7000.013
7 SA537-CL1+S5 0.393701 10 1,713.05 4,351.14 < 7000.013
6 SA537-CL1+S5 0.393701 10 1,904.56 6,913.08 < 7000.013
5 SA537-CL1+S5 0.393701 10 3,796.69 13,781.07 > 7000.013
4 SA537-CL1+S5 0.433071 11 5,688.83 18,067.18 > 7000.013
3 SA537-CL1+S5 0.551181 14 7,580.96 17,508.76 > 7000.013
2 SA537-CL1+S5 0.629921 16 9,473.10 18,512.22 > 7000.013
1 SA537-CL1+S5 0.708661 18 11,365.23 19,248.05 > 7000.013

where
Decision value Sms1: 0.1 times of specified minimum tensile strenght
(by API 620 App. R.5.6.1 & R .5.6.2 & Figure R-2)
37-CL1+S5 70,000 * 0.1 = 7000.013
3)Decision of Radiographic Examination
A) For Vertical Weld Joint of 1st upto 5th Course, Sms1 Tensile Stress is Greater than Specified
Minimum Tensile Strength of the plate Material,

B) For vertical weld joint of 6th upto 8th course, Sms1 tensile Stress is less than Specified
minimum tensile strength of the plate material,

therfore, shell plate to be examined by radiographic examination accoding to API 620

Appendix R, Figure R-2 lower sketch.
in
9.Bottom plate and Annular Plate of Calculation
9.1) Bottom plate (API 620 Sec 5.9.4.2)
1) Material of bottom plate = SA516-60N+S5
Bottom plate corrosion allowance C.A= 0.1182 inch 3 mm
Min,thickness: (API 620 SEC 5.9.4.2[1/4"]) tbm= 0.25 inch 6.35 mm

2) Required bottom plate thickness tbm+C.A= 0.3682 inch 9.35228 mm

Used thickness of bottom plate tb-used= 0.394 inch 10 mm

9.2) Annular plate (API 620 Table R-6)

1)Design Condition
Annular pate material MATERIAL= SA516-60+S5
Design specific Gravity of liquid content 𝐺_𝑝= 0.684
Gravity of hydrostatic test 𝐺_𝑡= 1
Diameter of tank inside 𝐷_ = 131.234 ft 40.00
Nominal thickness for 1st shell course t= 0.709 inch 18.00
Design required thickness for 1st shell course 𝑡_𝑑= 0.659 inch 16.75
Hydro-test required thickness for 1st shell course 𝑡_𝑡= 0.422 inch 10.72
Design liquid level 𝐻_𝑑= 41.339 ft 12.60
2)Maximum Product stress
𝑆_𝑑=(2.6×𝐷×𝐻_𝑑×𝐺_𝑃)/𝑡 𝑆_(𝑑=) 13614.17 psi 94

*But-weded annular bottom plate shall be used.

3) Annular plate thicjness

Minimum annular plate thickness(0.25in)+C.A 𝑡_(𝑏−𝑚𝑖𝑛)= 0.368 inch 9.352
Used thickness of annular plate 𝑡_𝑏= 0.394 inch 10.000
0.25
API 620[TABLE
Nominal R-6 Thickness Requirements (a) for the Annular Bottom plate] (tb:in)
Thickness Design Stress(b) in first shell Course(lb/in2)
of First Shell <=20,000 22,000 24,000 26,000
Course(in)
<=0.75 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4
>0.75 to 1.00 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4
>1.00 to 1.25 1/4 1/4 5/16 3/8
>1.25 to 1.50 1/4 9/32 3/8 7/16

4) Width of annular plate (API 620 R.3.5.1 and API 650 Appendic E.6.2.1.1.2)

Used annular plate thickness tb= 0.394 inch 10.000

Design liquid level plus internal pressure head H=Hb= 41.339 ft 12.60
Design specific gravity of liquid G= 0.684

4-1) Min.annular plate width(w)𝑤=(360×𝑡_𝑏)/((𝐻×𝐺)^0.5

w=) 26.65403 inch 677.0124
(width between the inside of the shell and any lap welded joint in the reminder of the bottom)

4-2) Min. required annular plate width due to seismic wSei= 35.62911 inch 905.0
Min.radial width due to seismin(API Appendix E.6.2.1.1 (Refer to Calculation 8.2.7)
4-3) Annular plate width :wDes=Max.(w,wSei) = 35.62911 inch 904.9793
4-4) Min. annular plate widt Lmin=(Wo+t1+wDes+Ov) = 41.378 inch 1050.995
4-5) Used annular plate width L= 79.13386 inch 2010

5) Dimensions for annular plate(Unit: mm)

Tank inside dimeter Di= 131.23 ft 40000 mm

Length of annular outer dia. To shell ouWo= 2.52 inch 64 mm
1st shell course thickness(Uncorroded) t1= 0.71 inch 18 mm
Annular plate inside diameter Aid= 118.58 ft 36144 mm
Annular plate outside dimeter Aod= 131.77 ft 40164 mm
Overlap of annular plate and bottom pl Ov= 0.21 ft 64 mm
Wbottom= 99,457 Kg

m
mm
mm
mm
m

Mpa

mm
mm

mm
m

mm
mm

mm
mm
mm
10. Roof plate of calculation (ApI 620 Sec 5.10.2.5 a) and(5.10.3.2)
Material of roof plate : SA516-70

𝑇_1=𝑅_𝑠 [(𝑃_𝑔+𝑞_𝑧𝑟 )−𝑃_𝑐 ] 𝑇_1= 1,544.47 lb/in 27.58 Kg/mm

×0.5
𝑇_2=𝑅_𝑠 (𝑃_𝑔+𝑞_𝑧𝑟 )−𝑇_1 𝑇_2= 1,704.20 lb/in 30.43 Kg/mm

𝑡_(𝑟𝑒𝑞^′ 𝑑)=
𝑡_(𝑟𝑒𝑞^′ 𝑑)=𝑇_1/ 〖 (𝑆 〗 _𝑡𝑠×𝐸_𝑓𝑓)+𝐶.𝐴 0.33 in 8.34 mm

𝑡_(𝑟𝑒𝑞^′ 𝑑)=
𝑡_(𝑟𝑒𝑞^′ 𝑑)=𝑇_2/ 〖 (𝑆 〗 _𝑡𝑠×𝐸_𝑓𝑓)+𝐶.𝐴 0.35 in 8.89 mm

Therefore, roof plate used thickness= 0.354331 in 9 mm

where,
𝑃_𝑔= Internal pressue = 2.1756 lb/in2
𝑞_𝑧𝑟= Design wind pressure = 0.1165 lb/in2
on horizontal projected areas
𝑅_𝑠= Dome roof radius = 1417.3236 in
𝑅_𝑐= Diameter/2 of tank inside(Corroded) = 787.5201 in
𝑆_𝑡𝑠= Allowable stress = 21000 lb/in2
C.A= Corrosion allowance = 0.1181103 in
𝐸_𝑓𝑓= Joint efficiency of roof plat = 0.35
𝑃_𝑐= Equivalent pressure of total weight = 0.1127 lb/in2
〖 (𝑊 〗 _𝑡/𝜋𝑅_𝑐^2)
𝑊_𝑡= Roof plate weight = 219,580.56 lb
a 33.754743210606
Cosa 0.8314234764786
h 6068.75484677
 0.0015 kg/mm2
0.0001 kg/mm2

36000.0000000001 mm
20003 mm
14.76447 kg/mm2
3 mm

0.0001 kg/mm2

99,600.18 kg
11. Intermediate Wind Girder & Compression Ring Calculation
11.1) Maximum unstiffened shell height (H1, Hsafe)
API 620 5.10.6
𝐻_1=6(100𝑡) √((100𝑡/𝐷)^3 )
(ft)

𝐻_1 15.89441242822 ft
=
Un-stiffened height from top shell (API 650 Appendix V)
Un-stiffened height from top shell (API 650 5.10.6)
Design wind speed (3.sec.gust) 38.89
Tank out-diameter D=Di+2(AVG.Sh_th'k.)
Tank in-diameter
Insulation thickness of thank outside
Nominal thickness of thinest shell course
Corrosion allowance
Top shell course thickness(Corroded)
Required minimum section modulus API 650 5.9.7.6

Width of t-actual
Shell thick. t_uniform (Corroded)
No. used plate

tn(mm) w(mm) tu(mm) ta(mm)

8 34 540 7 31
7 10 1,250 7 7
6 10 2,470 7 7
5 10 2,470 7 7
4 11 2,470 7 8
3 14 2,470 7 11
2 16 2,470 7 13
1 18 2,470 7 15
sum 16,610 mm HTS
𝑊_𝑡𝑟=𝑊√((𝑡_𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚/𝑡_𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 )^5 )

where,

𝑊_(𝑡𝑟 ) = Tranposed width of each shell course, mm

𝑊_ = Actual width of each shell course, mm
𝑡_(𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚 )= Thickness of top shell course(corroded),mm
𝑡_(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 )= Thickness of the the shell course for which the transpose width is being calculated, mm

5-2) The number of stiffeners requires to stabilise the shell is given by : (equ. 18.11)
𝑁_(𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑓𝑓 )=𝐻_𝑇𝑆/𝐻_𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒 −1 = 1.595992 =

11.2) Tank Design For External Pressure(Based on API650 Appendix V)

1) Design Conditions
Tank out.diameter D=Di+2(AVG.Dh_Th'k)
Tank height
Design wind speed(3.sec.gust)V= 38.89 m/sec
Max. wind pressure W=1.48(v/190)^2
Design external pressure Pe= 61.18297 Kg/m2
Total external pressure Ps=Max[Pe,(W+0.4Pe)]
Transformed shell height(see wind grinder desin on API650 5.9.7)
Shell thickness of thinnest shell course(Corroded)
Corrosion allowance of shell and roof plate
Material of shell stiffener ring or wind grider/stiffeners
Design tempreture
Minimum yield strength of components
Yield strength reduction factor(At the Max. design temp.)
Reduced elastic modulus( as per Appendix M.2a Table) EM Reduced factor =1
Smallest the allowable compressive stress Max(fc=0.4*Fy,103)
2) (API 650 Appendix V.8.1.1) Check for elastic buckling in the unstiffened cylindrical shell
(𝐷/𝑡_𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 )^0.75×[(𝐻𝑇𝑆/𝐷)×(𝐹_𝑦×𝐾_𝑟/𝐸)^0.5 ]≥0.00675

0.03715397531 > 0.00675

3) (API 650 Appendix V.8.2.1.2) Max. height of Unstiffened shell permitted, based on tsmin,Hsafe
𝐻_𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒1=(𝑡_𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 )^2.5×𝐸/[15203×𝐷^1.5×𝑃_𝑠×𝜳]

where, CASE 2) 𝜳=((𝑃_𝑒+0.7))/0.95=

[When,Vaccum pressure(Pe) is greater than 0.25 kPa but less than or equal to 0.7 kPa]

𝐻_𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒2=(𝑡_𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 )^2.5×𝐸/[15203×𝐷^1.5×𝑃_𝑒×𝜳] 𝜳=
𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒, [𝜳=3] (Stability factor For vacuum pressure only)
Therefore , 𝐻_𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒=Min(𝐻_𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒1,𝐻_𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒2)=
4) (API 650 Appendix V.8.1.3) The minimum shell thickness required for a specified design external pressure.

𝑡_𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛≤47.07(𝜳×𝐻𝑇𝑆×𝑃_𝑠 )^0.4×𝐷^0.6/𝐸^0.4
7 < 9.34491545578394

Therefore,Shell stiffener ring

 5) (API 650 Appendix V.8.2.1.3) Calculate the required number of intermediate stiffener, Ns
Ns+1=Hts/Hsafe=

6)(API 650 Appendix V.8.2.2.1) Calculate the number of buckling waves(Min. N=2, Max=10)

𝑁^2=SQRT(445×𝐷^3/(𝑡_𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛× 〖𝐻𝑇𝑆〗 ^2 ))=

208.9837 N=

7) (API 650 Appendix V.7) Total design external pressure loading, Pr(Refer to Roof Design Load)
Pr1=DL+(Lr or S)+0.4Pe = 364.49
Pr2=DL+Pe+0.4(Lr or S) = 311.22
Pr=the greater of (Pr1 or Pr2) = 364.49
Where,
DL= 190 Kg/m2 Lr=
DL: the dead load Lr: the minimum roof live load S: snow load

8) Top end stiffener calculation for external pressure(roof-to-shell juction)

Required cross-sectional area of the top end stiffener region,Areqd(top) Appendix V.7.3.2
It is not self supporting roof. Thus,this calculation is not required.

9)Bottom end stiffener calculation for external pressure(Bottom-to-shell juction)

Required cross sectional area of the bottom end stiffener region, Areqd(btm): Appendix V.8.2.3.3.1
Areqd(btm)=V1*D/2f
Required cross sectional area of the bottom end stiffener Astiff(btm)
Astiff(btm)=Areqd(btm)-tb*Xbtm-tsn*Xshell (Appendix V.8.2.3.3.2)

Less than Zero: thus, An additional stiffener is not necessary

Required moment of inertia of the top end stiffener ring, Ireqd(vtm) Appendix V.8.2.3.2

𝐼_𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑑 (𝑏𝑡𝑚)=37.5×𝑉_1×𝐷^3/𝐸(𝑁^2−1)
𝐼_𝑎𝑐𝑡 (𝑏𝑡𝑚)=𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑏𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑 𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑚𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑡𝑚 𝑒𝑛𝑑 𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑓𝑓, 𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑖𝑜𝑛=
𝐼_𝑎𝑐𝑡 (𝑏𝑡𝑚)=1/3×(𝑡_𝑠𝑛×𝑦^3+𝑏×(𝑑−𝑦)^3−(𝑏−𝑡_𝑠𝑛 )×(𝑑−𝑦−𝑡_𝑏 )^3 (Refer to API 650 Fig.V.1a

Therefore, Iact(btm) > Ireqd(btm)

where,

𝑋_𝑏𝑡𝑚= 16*tb(Forbottom compression region)

𝑋_𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑙𝑙= 13.4*SQRT(D*tsn)(For bottom comp,region)
𝑡_𝑠𝑛= Nominal lowest shell course thickness (Corroded)
𝑡_𝑏= Nominal bottom plate thickness (Corroded)
𝑓= Smallest of the allowable tensile stresses of annular
𝑉_1= Radial load imposed on the stiffener by the shell
= 250*Ps*H(Appendix V.8.2.3.1)
 𝑦= Distance of netural axis to Xshell
𝑊_𝑜= Lengh of annular out dia. To shell outer diameter
𝑏= 𝑋_𝑏𝑡𝑚+𝑡_𝑠𝑛+𝑊_𝑜
𝑑= 𝑡_𝑏+𝑋_𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑙𝑙
11.3) Intermediate stiffener required moment of inertia and cross-section area check

Size L 130 X
b d A Y
No. cm cm cm2 cm
1 22.4 0.7 15.68 0.35
2 1 12 12 6.7
3 13 1 13 13.2
SUM 36.4 13.7 40.68 20.25
C1=AY/A= C1= 6.3 cm
C2=∑▒ 〖 (𝑑)−𝐶1= 〗 C2= 7.4 cm
Astiff_act=A2+A1 Astiff_act= 25 cm2
Iact=∑▒ 〖〖 (𝐴ℎ 〗 Iact= 1,321.6 cm4
^2)+∑▒𝐼_𝑔 〗 =
Zact=Iact/Max(c1,c2)= Zact= 179.3184 cm3

Required momment of inertia of the inertia of the intermediate stiffener, Ireq Iappendix V.8.2.2.5)
𝐼_𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑑=3.75×𝑄×𝐷^3/E×(𝑁^2−1) 𝐴𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑥 𝑉.8.2.3.2
𝐼_𝑎𝑐𝑡:Combined actual moment inertia of top end stiff. region
Therefore 𝐼_𝑎𝑐𝑡 > 𝐼_𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑑

Required total cross-section area of the intermediate stiffener, Areqd (Appendix V.8.2.2.6.1)
Areqd=Q*D/(2*fc)=
 Required total cross-section area of the intermediate stiffener structural shape , Astiff_req (Appendix V.8.2.2.6.2)
Astiff_req=Areqd-26.84*tshell*(D*tshell)^0.5
Astiff_act=A1+A2
Therefor, Astiff_act >

where,
Raial load imposed on the stiffener, Q=1000*Ps*Ls=
Number of buckling waves(Min.=2)(Appwndix V.8.2.2.1)
𝑁^2=SQRT(445×𝐷^3/(𝑡_𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛× 〖𝐻𝑇𝑆〗 ^2 ))= 𝑁^2=

Nominal tank dimeter

Elastic modulus the Max. design Temp. (Appendix M.2a Table)
Allowable compressive stress Max(Fc=0.4*Fy,103)
Yield strength of the component at the max. operating temperature
11.3) Intermediate stiffener required moment of inertia and cross-section area check

Size L 130 X
b d A Y
No. cm cm cm2 cm
1 22.4 0.70 15.68 0.35
2 1 12.00 12 6.7
3 13 1.00 13 13.2
SUM 36.4 13.7 40.68 20.25
C1=AY/A= C1= 6.3 cm
C2=∑▒ 〖 (𝑑)−𝐶1= 〗 C2= 7.4 cm
Astiff_act=A2+A1 Astiff_act= 25 cm2
Iact=∑▒ 〖〖 (𝐴ℎ 〗 Iact= 1,321.6 cm4
^2)+∑▒𝐼_𝑔 〗 =
Zact=Iact/Max(c1,c2)= Zact= 179.3184 cm3

Required momment of inertia of the inertia of the intermediate stiffener, Ireq Iappendix V.8.2.2.5)
𝐼_𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑑=3.75×𝑄×𝐷^3/E×(𝑁^2−1) 𝐴𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑥 𝑉.8.2.3.2
𝐼_𝑎𝑐𝑡:Combined actual moment inertia of top end stiff. region
Therefore 𝐼_𝑎𝑐𝑡 > 𝐼_𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑑

Required total cross-section area of the intermediate stiffener, Areqd (Appendix V.8.2.2.6.1)
Areqd=Q*D/(2*fc)=
Required total cross-section area of the intermediate stiffener structural shape , Astiff_req (Appendix V.8.2.2.6.2)
Astiff_req=Areqd-26.84*tshell*(D*tshell)^0.5
Astiff_act=A1+A2
Therefor, Astiff_act >

where,
Raial load imposed on the stiffener, Q=1000*Ps*Ls=
Number of buckling waves(Min.=2)(Appwndix V.8.2.2.1)
𝑁^2=SQRT(445×𝐷^3/(𝑡_𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛× 〖𝐻𝑇𝑆〗 ^2 ))= 𝑁^2=

Nominal tank dimeter

Elastic modulus the Max. design Temp. (Appendix M.2a Table)
Allowable compressive stress Max(Fc=0.4*Fy,103)
Yield strength of the component at the max. operating temperature
 API 650 Appendix V
𝐻_𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒=(𝑡_𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛^2.5×𝐸)/
(15203×𝐷^1.5×𝑃_𝑠×𝜳)
(m)
𝐻_𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒= 3.72 m

𝐻_𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒= 3.722252 m 12.21211363067 ft

𝐻_1 4.844617 m 15.89441242822 ft
=
m/sec 𝑉= 140 Km/h 87.0 mph
𝐷= 40.03075 m 131.33448583 ft
𝐷_𝑖= 40 m 131.2336 ft
Insu_Th'k= 0 mm 0 in
𝑡_𝑛= 10 mm 0.393701 in
𝐶.𝐴= 3 mm 0.1181103 in
t=𝑡_𝑛-C.A= 7 mm 0.2755907 in
𝑍_𝑟= 𝑍_𝑟=(𝐷^2×𝐻_1)/(17×(𝑉/190)^2 ) ( 〖𝑐𝑚〗 ^3 ) 646.2424

Stiff. Required
Transposed Height From Location Height From
Section
Width Shell Top from Tank Bottom
Modulus
Bottom
Wtr(mm) mm mm Zr(cm3) mm
13.1
1,250.0
2,470.0
2,470.0
1,769.0
797.9
525.5
367.5
9.7 mm

e transpose width is being calculated, mm

 2 EA

Tank type= DRT

D= 40.03075 m 131.33448583 ft
H= 16.61 m 54.4947524 ft
V= 140 km/h 87.0 mph
W= 0.804 kPa 0.117 psi
Pe= 0.6 kPa 0.087 psi
Ps= 1.044 kPa psi
HTS= 9.7 m 31.703 ft
tsmin= 7 mm 0.276 in
C.A= 3 mm 0.118 in
Material= SA537-CL1+S5
T= 60 c 140 F
Fy= 344.738 Mpa 50,000 psi
Kr= 1
E= 199000 Mpa 28,862,562 psi
fc= 137.9 Mpa 20,000 psi
d cylindrical shell

Satisfied

d, based on tsmin,Hsafe

𝐻_𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒1= 4.69 m 15.39 ft

𝜳= 1.368421
han or equal to 0.7 kPa]

3 𝐻_𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒2= 3.72 m 12.21 ft

𝐻_𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒= 3.72 m 12.21 ft

specified design external pressure.

mm

is required due to the external pressure.

ediate stiffener, Ns
Ns= 1.596 EA
Qty= 2 EA
Min. N=2, Max=10)

10.00

r to Roof Design Load)

Kg/m2 3.572 kPa 0.518 psi
Kg/m2 3.05 kPa 0.442 psi
Kg/m2 3.572 kPa 0.518 psi

97.649 Kg/m2 Pe= 61.2244897959 Kg/m2 S= 150

Appendix V.7.3.2
alculation is not required.

-shell juction)
tm): Appendix V.8.2.3.3.1
= 179.71 mm2 0.28 in2

= -5,529.66 mm2 -8.57 in2

tiffener is not necessary

endix V.8.2.3.2

= 529.11 cm4 12.71 in4

= 7,382.61 cm4 177.37 in4
)^3 (Refer to API 650 Fig.V.1a)

Satisfied

112 mm 4.41 in
328.4 mm 12.93 in
15 mm 0.59 in
7 mm 0.28 in
482.633 Mpa 70,000 psi

4,333.3 N/m 3,196.09 lb/ft

 199.9 mm 7.87 in
64 mm 2.52 in
191 mm 7.52 in
335.4 mm 13.20 in
n area check

130 10 L(m) 126 Weight:(Kg) 2,474

AY h Ah2 Ig=bd3/12
cm3 cm cm4 cm4
5.488 6.0 560.6 0.6
80.4 0.4 1.6 144.0
171.6 6.9 613.6 1.1
257.488 13.2 1,175.9 145.7

API 650 Appendix V

> ok Astiff_reqd= -26.57161 cm2

> ok Ireqd= 41.04 cm4
> ok Zreqd= cm3

req Iappendix V.8.2.2.5)

𝐼_𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑑= 41.04 cm4 0.986 in4
𝐼_𝑎𝑐𝑡= 1,321.6 cm4 31.753 in4
Satisfied

endix V.8.2.2.6.1)
Areqd= 487.8811 mm2 0.00117 in2
hape , Astiff_req (Appendix V.8.2.2.6.2)
Astiff_req= -2657.161 mm2 -0.00638 in2
Astiff_act= 2500 mm2 0.00601 in2
Astiff_req Satisfied

Q= 3,361.2 N/m 29,749.49 lb/ft

N= 10.00
𝑁^2= 208.98367722

D= 40.03075 m 131.33 ft
E= 199000 Mpa 28,861.49 ksi
𝑓_𝑐= 137.9 Mpa 20.00 ksi
𝑓_𝑦= 344.738 Mpa 50.00 ksi
n area check

130 10 L(m) 126 Weight:(Kg) 2,474

AY h Ah2 Ig=bd3/12
cm3 cm cm4 cm4
5.488 6.0 560.6 0.6
80.4 0.4 1.6 144.0
171.6 6.9 613.6 1.1
257.488 13.2 1,175.9 145.7

API 650 Appendix V

> ok Astiff_reqd= -29.01101 cm2

 > ok Ireqd= 20.52 cm4
> ok Zreqd= cm3

req Iappendix V.8.2.2.5)

𝐼_𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑑= 20.52 cm4 0.493 in4
𝐼_𝑎𝑐𝑡= 1,321.6 cm4 31.753 in4
Satisfied

endix V.8.2.2.6.1)
Areqd= 243.9406 mm2 in2
hape , Astiff_req (Appendix V.8.2.2.6.2)
Astiff_req= -2901.101 mm2 in2
Astiff_act= 2500 mm2 in2
Astiff_req Satisfied

Q= 1,680.6 N/m 14,874.744 lb/ft

N= 10.00
𝑁^2= 208.98367722

D= 40.03075 m 131.334 ft
E= 199000 Mpa 28,861.494 ksi
𝑓_𝑐= 137.9 Mpa 19.999 ksi
𝑓_𝑦= 344.738 Mpa 49.998 ksi
Kg/m2
12. Compressio_Ring Calculation (Based on API620 11th Edi.5.12.4)

2) Loading Weight
W=Total weight of roof plate and stucture &accessory W= 2,606.14 kN
(Include roof platform & etc.)
F=Summation weight of roof F= 0 kN
Wt=Total weight(Wt=W+F) Wt= 2,606.14 kN

3) Equivalent pressure of roof total weight

At=Cross sectional area of tank inside dia. 𝐴_𝑡=𝜋𝑅_𝑐^2 At= 12,566,370.61 cm2
Pg=Internal design pressure Pg= 15.00 kPa
qzr=Design wind pressure on horizontal projected area qzr= 0.804 kPa
Pc=Vertical unit pressure of roof weight 𝑃_𝑐=(𝑊+𝐹)/𝐴𝑡 Pc= 2.07 kPa
P= Sum of total pressure 𝑃_𝑐=Pg+qzr−(𝑊+𝐹)/𝐴𝑡 P= 13.73 kPa

4) Compression ring calculation Matrial =SA537-CL1+S5

E=Joint efficiency of compression-ring E= 1
Sst-Max. allowable tensile strength Sst= 144,789.96 kPa
CA_sh=Corrosion allowance(Shell side) C_sh= 3 mm
CA_rf=Corrosion allowance (Roof side) C_rf= 3 mm
R2=Dome roof radious R2= 36000 mm
Rc=Inside radius of tank shell Rc= 20003 mm
tc=Compression ring thk. Of top shell(Excl. CA) tc= 31 mm
th=Compression ring thk. Of roof end(Excl. CA) th= 31 mm
Wc=Max.width of top shell 𝑊_𝑐=0.6×(𝑅_𝑐×𝑡_𝑐 )^0.5 Wc= 472.48 mm
Wh=Max.width of roof end 𝑊_ℎ=Min[32𝑡_ℎ ,0.6(𝑅_2×𝑡_ℎ )^0.5 ] Wh= 633.85 mm
L=Projection length of roof compression-ring edge part L= 100 mm
where Wh>=L<=16th and Wh<=32th Wh:32*th= 992 mm
5) Effective sectional area of compression ring
Aact=(Wh+L+tc)th+Wc*tc Aact= 494.60 cm2

6) Total circumferential force in compression ring (API 620 Para. 5.12.4.3)

Q=T2*Wh+T2s*Wc-T1*Rc*Sin(a) Q= 3,620.57 kN
𝛼=Angle(Refer to figure 5-6) 𝛼= 56.26 𝑆𝑖𝑛(𝛼)= 0.83
T1=0.5*R2[(Pg+qzr)-(W+F)/At] T1= 247.13 N/mm
T2=R2(Pg+qzr)-T1 T2= 568.68 N/mm
T2s=P*Rc T2s= 274.63 N/mm

7) Required cross sectional area

Areq=Max(Q/15000,Q/(Sts*E))= Areq= 241.37 cm2

8)Evaluation of Compression-ring sectional area

Areq (cm2)
< Aact (cm2) OK
241.37 494.60

9)Used thickness and used width dimention of compression Ring

tc_used=Used thickness of top shell course tc_used= 34 mm
th_used=Used thickness of roof end part th_used= 34 mm
Wc_used=Design width of top shell course Wc_used= 540 mm
Wh_used=Design width of roof end part Wh_used= 920 mm
Atot_used=Total sectional area of used dimension Atot_used= 496.4 cm2
585,883.37 lbf

0.00 lbf
585,883.37 lbf

inch2
psi
psi
psi
psi

psi
inch
inch
inch
inch
inch
inch
inch
inch
inch Ok
inch
inch2

lbf Qused 3439.29107

lbf/in
lbf/in
lbf/in

inch2

inch OK
inch Ok
inch Ok
inch Ok
inch2 Ok
13. Tank Stability check and load data
13.1)Tank Stability check due to wind load (ASVE 7-10)
1)Wind velocity pressure calculation:
qzs=0.613*Kzs*Kzt*Kd*V2*Gf*Cf (Shell) qzs=
qzr=0.613*Kzr*Kzt*Kd*V2*Gf*Cf (Roof) qzs=
Where, [V in m/sec]
Design wind speed(#-sec. gust) 38.89 V=
Kd= Wind directionlity factor(When round, Kd=0.95) Kd
Kzs=Velocity pressure exposure coddicent(Shell) Kzs=
Kzr=Velocity pressure exposure coefficient(roof) Kzr=
Terrain exposure category 𝛼=9.5 zg=
Tank height+Foundation geight z( s)=
Tank Height+Roof height+Foundation height z( r)=
Kzt=Topographice factor defined Kzt=
EC=Exposure category
Gf=Gust effect factor :C Occupancy category :III Gf=
Ct=Force coefficent Cf=
Foundation height 2.2 m

2) Wind design on tanks(Overturning stability)

2-1)Win load calculation
Design wind speed(3-sec.gust) V=
Tank out-diameter D=Di+2*(AVG.Sh_thk.) D=
Tank shell height Hts=
Deesign liquid level H=
Roof radius Rr=
Roof height Htr=
Design wind pressure on vertical projected areas qzs=
Design wind pressure on horizobtal projected areas qzr=
Design internal pressure Pi=
Operation internal pressure Po=
Shell insulation thickness(Outer side) Is=
Roof insulation thickness(Outer side) Ir=
Up-lift force by internal pressure 𝐹_𝑖=(𝜋𝐷^2)/4∗𝑃_𝑖 Fi=
WDL: Shell(roof) weight available to resist up-lift , less any corrosion all Ws=
𝑊_𝑠=223016(𝑘𝑔)−𝐶.𝐴∗7.85∗𝜋𝐷𝐻 Wr=
𝑊_𝑟=𝑅𝑜𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒+𝐴𝑛𝑦 𝐴𝑡𝑡𝑎𝑐ℎ𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 (𝑊𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝐶.𝐴) WDL=
𝑊_𝐷𝐿=𝑊𝑠

𝐴_𝑠=(𝐷+2𝐼𝑠/1000)∗𝐻𝑡𝑠
2-2)Project area of shell and roof
As=Project area of shell As=
Ar=Project area of cicular segment of umbrella(dome)roof Ar=
sr=roof plate thickness(With corroded), roof surface area sr

2-3) Up-lift force by wind

 Fr=Wind force or roof=Ar*qzr Fr=

2-4) Base shear force by wind

Fs-=Wind force of shell=As*qzs Fs=

2-5)Moment calulation and overturing check for un-anchored tank

Mw=Overturing momet from horizontal plus vertical wind pressure
= Fs*Hts/2+Fr*D/2
Mpi=Moment about the shell-to-bottom joint from design internal pressure
= 〖𝜋𝐷〗 ^2/4∗Pi*(D.2)

MDL= Moment about the shell-to-bottom joint from the weight of the shell
= WDL*(D/2)
Fp=Pressure combination factor: Max(Po/Pi, 0.4)
MF= Moment about the shell to bottom joint from liquid
(3.14*D*wL)*(D/2)
MDLR=Moment about the shell to bottom joint from the weight of roof plate
plas any attached structural MDLR=Wr*(D/2)
Mws=Overturning moment from from horizental wind pressure
As*(Hts/2)*qzs
Wa=Liquid hold doen weight Wa=3.14*D*wL
where,
wL1=59*tb*SQRT(Fby*H)
wL2=140.8*H*D
wL=Min(wL1 or wL2)
ts1=1st course shell plate thickness(Corroded)
Fby=Annular plate yield stress

2-6) Overturning check for un-anchored tank

check of unanchored tanks
1) 0.6Mw+Mpi=
2) Mw+ Fp(Mpi) =
3) Mws+Fp (Mpi)=
684.74533517 Pa
726.25049718 Pa

140 Km/h 86.99194 mph

0.95
1.1433
1.2126
274.3 m
18.81 m
24.878754847 m
1

0.85
0.8

140 km.h
40.03075 m
16,610 m
12,600 m
36 m
6.0687548468 m
887.37924626 Pa
941.16686261 Pa
15000 Pa
5000 Pa
0 mm
0 mm
18,868,977.63 N
165,141.61 N
99,600.18 N
165,141.61 N

242.94 m2 lb l r b
21.47 m2 21.21 20.90336 36 1.528319
60.98 m2
 20,207.06 Kg 2,061.94 N

215,577.08 Kg 21,997.66 N

Mw= 1,058,594 kg-m 1,059 kN-m

Mpi= 377,861,223 kg-m 378,118 kN-m

MDL= 3,305,371 Kg-m

Fp= 0.4
MF= 30,952 Kg-m

MDLR= 1,993,535 Kg-m

Mws= 1,381,535,472 Kg-m

Wa= 1,546.41 Kg

wL1= 12.30 kN/m

wL2= 71.02 kN/m
wL= 12.30 kN/m
ts1= 7.00 mm
Fby= 344.74 Mpa
13.2 .Tank Stability check due to seismic: API 620 APPENDIX. L[CLE]
1)DESIGN CONDITION & DIMENSION
DESIGN CODE: API 620 Appendix. L [CLE] and API 650 Appendix E and ASCE 7-10

Roof type & slop Dome roof

Tank diameter 𝐷_=
Tank height 𝐻_𝑡=
Dome roof radius 𝐷_𝑟=
Roof height 𝐻_𝑟=
1st shell course thickness 𝑡_ =
Min. Yield strength of 1st shell and annular plate 𝐹_𝑡𝑦=
Production design stress 𝑆_𝑑=
Tank elastic modulus 𝐸_=
Shell weight(Excluded anchor strap weight) 𝑊_𝑠=
Roof weight 𝑊_𝑟=
Bottom weight 𝑊_𝑓=
Specific gravity of content 𝐺_ =
Desity of fulid 𝑝_=
Design Liguid level(H=D.L.L) 𝐻_ =
Contents weight 𝑊_𝑝=
Corrosion Allowance 〖𝐶 .𝐴 〗 _ =
Design Internal Pressure 𝑃_𝑖=
 Importance factor classification.
Impotance factor (by API 620 L.4.4.2. 3)
Soil site class

Spectral response acceleration parameter for Short and 1-Second Periods:

Spectral acceleration param.(0.2 Sec Period)
Spectral acceleration param.(1 Sec Period)
Regional-dependent transition long-period
Seismic peak ground acceleration

Site Coefficient for short and 1-Second Periods:

Acceleration-based site coefficint
Velocity-based site coefficient

MCE Spectral Response Acceleration for short and 1-Second Periods:

MCE Spectral response acceleration param
MCE spectral response acceleration param
MCE:Maximum Considered Earthquake
2)Design Spectral Response Acceleration for Short and 1-Second Periods:(5% damped)
scaling factor (by API 620 App. L4.4.2.1)
Segin spectral response acceleration param. 𝑆_𝐷𝑆=
Design spectral response acceleration param. 𝑆_𝐷1=
𝑇_0=0.2×𝑆_𝐷1∕𝑆_𝐷𝑆 𝑇_0=
𝑇_𝑆=𝑆_𝐷1∕𝑆_𝐷𝑆 𝑇_𝑆=
reginal-dependent transition long period 𝑇_𝐿=
Structural Period of Vibration(Including sloshing): (Using API 650 Appendix E)
Cofficient of impulsive natural period 𝐶_𝑖= 7.201
Coefficient of sloshing period 𝐾_𝑠= 0.638
Impulsive natural period 𝑇_𝑖= 0.284
Convective (Sloshing) Period 𝑇_𝑐= 0.000
Short period(Design) 𝑇_𝑠= 0.307
Where,
𝑇_(𝑖(𝑆𝑒𝑐))=𝑀𝑎𝑥{( 〖 1/2000 〗 ^0.5×(𝐶_𝑖×𝐻/(𝑡_𝑢/D)^0.5)×(𝑝/𝐸)^0.5 ), 0.128}
𝑇_(𝑐(𝑆𝑒𝑐))=1.8×𝐾_𝑠×𝑆𝑄𝑅𝑇(𝐷)
𝑇_(𝑠(𝑆𝑒𝑐))=𝑆_𝐷1/𝑆_𝐷𝑆

3)Design Spectral Response Accelerations of Tank(Impulsive method)

Force reduction factor (Impulsive mode) 𝑅_𝑤𝑖=
Force reducrtion factor(convective mode) 𝑅_𝑤𝑐=
Coefficient to adjudt the spectral acceleration 𝐾=
Impaulsive spectral acceleration parameter. 𝐴_𝑖=
Covective spectral acceleration parametet. 𝐴_𝑐=
Vertical earthquake acceleration parameter. 𝐴_𝑣=
 𝐴_𝑣=
where,
Impulsive spectral acceleration parameter, Ai:

𝐴_𝑖=𝑆_𝐷𝑆×(𝐼/𝑅_𝑤𝑖 )=2.5𝑄𝐹_𝑎 𝑆_𝑂×(𝐼/𝑅_𝑤𝑖 )

𝐻𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑟, 𝐴_𝑖≥0.007
𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑓𝑜𝑟 , 𝑆_1≥0.6:
𝐴_𝑖≥ 〖 0.5𝑆 〗 _1×(𝐼/𝑅_𝑤𝑖 )=0.625×𝑆_𝑃×(𝐼/𝑅_𝑤𝑖 )

Covective spectral acceleration parameter, Ac:

〖𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑇 _𝐶≤𝑇_𝐿 𝐴 〗 _𝑐= 〖𝐾 ×𝑆 〗 _𝐷1 (1/𝑇_𝑐 )×(𝐼/𝑅_𝑤𝑐 )=2.5𝐾𝑄𝐹_𝑎 𝑆_𝑂 (𝑇_𝑠/𝑇_𝑐 )(𝐼/𝑅_𝑤𝑖 )≤𝐴

〖𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑇 _𝐶>𝑇_𝐿 𝐴 〗 _𝑐= 〖𝐾 ×𝑆 〗 _𝐷1 (𝑇_𝐿/(𝑇_𝑐^2 ))×(𝐼/𝑅_𝑤𝑐 )=2.5𝐾𝑄𝐹_𝑎 𝑆_𝑂 ((𝑇_𝑠 𝑇_𝐿)/(𝑇_𝑐

4)Seismic base shear force and sliding resistance

Total Base Shera Force at design(SRSS) V= 3,451 ton
Sliding Resistance Vs= 3,240 ton
therfore, this tank is Sliding V>Vs
where, CASE=D/H =
short period(Design) 𝑇_𝑠=
Impulsive natural period cofficent 𝐶_𝑖=
Impulsive natural period 𝑇_𝑖=
Convective (Sloshing) period 𝑇_𝑐=
Effective impulsive portion, liquid weight 𝑊_𝑖=
Effective convective portion, Liquid weight 𝑊_𝑐=
Design base shear force(Impulsive components) 𝑉_𝑖=
Design base shear force(Convective components) 𝑉_𝑐=
Total base shear force at design (SRSS) 𝑉=
SRSS:Square Root of the Sum of the Squares
Friction cofficient for tank sliding μ=
Sliding resistance 𝑉_𝑠=
Local shear transfer force (kg/cm) 𝑉_𝑚𝑎𝑥=
𝑊_𝑖=𝑇𝐴𝑁𝐻(0.866∗𝐷/𝐻)/
(0.866∗𝐷/𝐻)∗𝑊𝑝 𝑊_𝑐=(0.23*D/H*TANH(3.67*H/D))*Wp
𝑉_𝑐=Ac*Wc
𝑉_𝑖=Ai*(Wr+Ws+Wf+Wi)
𝑉=𝑆𝑄𝑅𝑇(𝑉_𝑖^2+𝑉_𝑐^2)
𝑉_𝑠=μ(Wr+Ws+Wf+Wp)(1-0.4Av) 𝑉_𝑚𝑎𝑥=2𝑉/𝜋𝐷 𝐴𝑃𝐼 650 𝐸.7.7−1
5)Overturning Moment
(Note:Mrw is the ringwall overturning momet at top of foundation.)
Center of action for ring wall overturing moment CASE: D/H=
Height of tank shell's center of gravity(included top girder) 𝑋_𝑠=
Height of roof appurtenances center of gravity 𝑋_𝑟=
Height of Impulsive mode(For RINGWALL moment) 𝑋_𝑖=
Height of convective mode(for RINGWALL moment) 𝑋_𝑐=
Height of impulsive mode(for SLAB moment) 𝑋_𝑖𝑠=
Height of convective mode(for SLAB moment) 𝑋_𝑐𝑠=
Overturning RINGWALL moment 𝑀_𝑟𝑤=
Overturrning SLAB moment 𝑀_𝑠=
where,
𝑴_𝒓𝒘=SQRT[Ai*(𝑾𝒊∗𝑿𝒊+𝑾𝒔∗𝑿𝒔+𝑾𝒓∗𝑿𝒓)^𝟐+(𝑨𝒄∗𝑾𝒄∗𝑿𝒄)^𝟐]
𝑴_𝒔=SQRT[Ai*(𝑾𝒊∗𝑿𝒊𝒔+𝑾𝒔∗𝑿𝒔+𝑾𝒓∗𝑿𝒓)^𝟐+(𝑨𝒄∗𝑾𝒄∗𝑿𝒄𝒔)^𝟐]

6)Anchorage Ratio

𝐽=𝑀_𝑟𝑤/(𝐷^2 (𝑊_𝑡 (1−0.4×𝐴_𝑣 )+𝑊_𝑎−0.4×𝑊_𝑖𝑛𝑡))=

J= -1.0542
API 650 Appendix E (table E-6) Anchorage Ratio Criteria
𝐽≤0.785 No calculation uplift under the design seismic overturning momrnt.
The tank is self-anchored.
0.785<𝐽≤1.54 Tank is uplifting, but the tank is stable for the design load providing
compression.requirements are satisfied. Tank is self-anchore
𝐽>1.54 Tankis not stable and cannot be self-anchored for design load, mo
annular ring if L<0.35D is not controlling or add mechanical anch
where,
 Vertical earthquake acceleration parameter Av=
Effective specific gravity Ge=
Shell and roof weight acting at base of shell Wt=
Roof Load acting on the shell, including Wrs=
10% of the specified snow load

Force resisting uplift is annular region Wa=

99*Ta*SQRT(Fy*H*Ge)<=201.1*H*D*Ge (API 650 E6.2
Wa=Min( 3345.3792425526 , 5,434
WaMax=5742*H*Ge*Ls, Ls=0.035D , WaMax= 5434.08356397
Calculated design uplift load due to product pressure per unit circumferential length
𝑊_𝑖𝑛𝑡=(𝑃_𝑖 𝐷)/4=
Wint= 15,296.16
Internal Design Pressure Pi= 1,529.62

Mechanical Anchorage requires check by Seismic: NO

7)Annular Ring Requirement

Min.radial width(Api 650 Appendix E6.2.1.1.2-1a) L=0.01723Ta*SQRT(Fy/(H*Ge)) L=
The maximum width of annulus for determining resisting force, 0.035D (Per API 650 E6.2.1.1.2-1a)
Annular plate limit width
Annular plate thickness. Corr. Allowance:
10 - 3=
Min. specified tied strengh of annular plate

8)Uplift force calculation due to seismic loading.

𝑊_𝐴𝐵= 〖 1.273𝑀 〗 _𝑟𝑤/𝐷^2 −𝑊_𝑡 ( 〖 1−0.4×𝐴 〗 _𝑣 ) 𝑊_𝐴𝐵=

𝑊_𝐴𝐵 : Calculated design uplift load on anchores per unit cicmferential length.
𝑊_𝑖𝑛𝑡 : Calculated design uplift load 𝑊_𝑖𝑛𝑡 =
dut to design internal pressure per unit circumferential length.
𝑇_𝑠𝑒 : Load per anchorage 𝑇_𝑠𝑒 =𝜋𝐷𝑊_𝐴𝐵/𝑁
𝑁: Anchor Quantity: N= 56

9)Shell-Membrance Compression Stress

Copression in Mechanically anchored tanks
Maximum Logitudinal shell copression stress ( 𝜎_𝑐
) When J ( -1.1
X Un-Anchored tanks when J<=0.785 𝜎_𝑐= 1.364
O Un-Anchored tanks when 0.785<J<=1.54 𝜎_𝑐= 0.986
O Mechanically anchored when J>1.54 𝜎_𝑐= 1.364
Allowable longitudinal shell-membrane compression stress (API 650 Appendix E.6.2.3)
When,
〖𝐺𝐻𝐷〗 ^2⁄(𝑡_𝑠^2 )≥44〖𝐺𝐻𝐷〗 ^2⁄(𝑡_𝑠^2 )= 67.66𝑚^3∕ 〖𝑚𝑚〗 ^2
 𝑚^3∕ 〖𝑚𝑚〗 ^2

Fc=83ts/D Fc= 31.13

Therefore,

Maximum stress Allowable

(Kg/mm2) < Fc(kg/mm2)

1.4 3.176

Maximum logitudial compression stress, ( )

1) for Self-Anchored Tank, [API650 Appendix E6.2.2.1]
When, J<=0.785 𝜎_𝑐=(𝑊_𝑡 (1+ 〖 0.4𝐴 〗 _𝑣 )
+ 〖 1.273𝑀 〗 _𝑟𝑤/𝐷^2 ) 1/( 〖 1000𝑡 〗 _𝑠 ) =
when, 0.785<J<=1.54 𝜎_𝑐=((𝑊_𝑡 (1+ 〖 0.4𝐴 〗 _𝑣
)+𝑊_𝑎)/(0.607−0.18667 〖 [𝐽] 〗 ^2.3 )−𝑊_𝑎 )
1/( 〖 1000𝑡 〗 _𝑠 ) =
2)For Mechanically-Anchored Tanks, [API 650 Appendix E 6.2.2.2]
when J>1.54
𝜎_𝑐=(𝑊_𝑡 (1+ 〖 0.4𝐴 〗 _𝑣 )
+ 〖 1.273𝑀 〗 _𝑟𝑤/𝐷^2 ) 1/( 〖 1000𝑡 〗 _𝑠 ) =

10) Dynammic Hoop Stress Calculation (API 650 Appendix E 6.1.4)

when, D/H= 3.1746031746032 > 1.333
t Y Nh Ni Nc
No. Y<0.75D
mm m (N/mm) (N/mm) (N/mm)
8 31 -1.25 -3,026.0 <0.75D -212.7 0.0
7 7 -2.22 -5,374.1 <0.75D -377.8 0.0
6 7 0.25 605.2 <0.75D 42.5 0.0
5 7 2.72 6,584.5 <0.75D 462.8 0.0
4 8 5.19 12,563.8 <0.75D 883.1 0.0
3 11 7.66 18,543.1 <0.75D 1,303.4 0.0
2 13 10.13 24,522.4 <0.75D 1,723.7 0.0
1 15 12.60 30,501.6 <0.75D 2,144.0 0.0

t thickness of the shell under consideration(Corroded) mm

Y Distanse from liquid surface to analysis point(Positive down) m
𝑁_ℎ Product hydrostatic membrance force in shell N/mm
𝑁_𝑖 Impalsive hoop membrane force in shell N/mm
𝑁_𝑐 Convective hoop membrane force in shell N/mm
𝜎_𝑇 Total combied hoop stress in shell N/mm
𝜎_𝑇=𝜎_ℎ±𝜎_𝑆={𝑁_ℎ±(𝑁_𝑖^2+𝑁_𝑐^2+((𝐴_𝑣×𝑁_ℎ)⁄2.5)^2 )^0.5 }/t
Mpa
𝐺 specific gravity 0.684
𝐷 Tank Diameter 40 m
𝐻 Height of product liquid 12.6 m
𝐴_𝑖 Impulsive spectral acceleration parameter 0.77
𝐴_𝐶 Convective spectral acceleration parameter 0.000
𝐴_𝑣
𝐴_𝑣 Vertical earthquake acceleration parameter 0.724
𝐸 Joint efficiency 1
𝐹_𝑡𝑦 Min, reduced yied strengh of botoom shell course 344.7 Mpa
𝑆_𝑑 Product design stress 144.8 Mpa
𝑆_𝑎 Allowable stress (API 650 Appendix E.6.2.4) 192.6 Mpa
𝑆_𝑎=Min(0.8𝐹_𝑡𝑦×𝐸, 𝑆_𝑑×1.33)
 40,000 mm 131.23 ft
16,610 mm 54.49 ft
36,000 mm 118.11 ft
6,069 mm 19.91 ft
18 mm 0.71 inch
344.738 Mpa 50 ksi
144.7899 Mpa 21 ksi
198,983 Mpa 28,860 ksi
216.8 Ton 478.00 kips
260.6 Ton 574.55 kips
99.5 Ton 219.26 kips
0.684
684 Kg/m3 42.70 pcf
12,600 mm 41.34 ft
10,825 Ton 23,864.16 kips
3 mm 0.12 inch
1,529.6 mmAq 150.003365 kPa
0.15 mbar
 = 1
= C

𝑆_𝑠= 1.54 g
𝑆_1= 0.315 g
𝑇_𝐿= 6 Sec.
𝑆_𝑝= 𝑆_𝑝=𝑆_𝑆/2.5, 𝑆_𝑝=𝑆_1/1.25
0.616

𝐹_𝑎= 1g from table E.1

𝐹_𝑣= 1.5 g from table E.1

𝑆_𝑀𝑆= 1.54 𝑆_𝑀𝑠=𝐹_𝑎×𝑆_𝑠 ASCE 7-10

𝑆_𝑀1= 0.4725 𝑆_𝑀1=𝐹_𝑣×𝑆_1 ASCE 7-10

damped)
Q= 1
1.540 g 𝑆_𝐷1=𝑄×𝑆_𝑀𝑆
0.473 g 𝑆_𝐷1=𝑄×𝑆_𝑀1
0.061 sec 𝐴𝑆𝐶𝐸 7−10
0.307 sec 𝐴𝑆𝐶𝐸 7−10
6 sec

𝐶_𝑖=from API 650 Appendix E Fig.E-1

𝐾_𝑠=0.578/SQRT(TANH(3.68*H/D))
sec 0.2843476508
sec
sec

2
0
1.5 𝐴𝑃𝐼 620 𝐴𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑥 . 𝐿.4.2
0.77 g
0.000 g
0.724 g 𝐴_𝑣=0.47×𝑆_𝐷𝑆
 𝐴_𝑣=0.47×𝑆_𝐷𝑆

API620 Table L-1R,Appendix R Tanks

Inner Tank:
Anchorage system Rwi Rwc
Self Anchored 2 0
Mech.-Anchored 2 0

𝑂 (𝑇_𝑠/𝑇_𝑐 )(𝐼/𝑅_𝑤𝑖 )≤𝐴_𝑖

𝐹_𝑎 𝑆_𝑂 ((𝑇_𝑠 𝑇_𝐿)/(𝑇_𝑐^2 ))(𝐼/𝑅_𝑤𝑖 )≤𝐴_𝑖

33,823 KN
31,754 KN

3.2 >1.333
0.307 sec.
7.201 sec.
0.284 sec.
0.000 sec.
3,905 ton
0.000 ton
3,451 ton
0.000 ton
3,451 ton

0.4
3,240 ton
550 Kg/cm

ANH(3.67*H/D))*Wp

𝑃𝐼 650 𝐸.7.7−1
 0.001

3.2 > 1.333

8,305.0 mm 8.31 m
20,691.7 mm 20.69 m
4,725.0 mm 4.73 m
0.0 mm 0.00 m
15,884.6 mm 15.88 m
0.0 mm 0.00 m
22,504,022.1 kg.m 220,539 KN-m
60,746,576.0 kg.m 595,316 KN-m

(𝑨𝒄∗𝑾𝒄∗𝑿𝒄)^𝟐]
𝑨𝒄∗𝑾𝒄∗𝑿𝒄𝒔)^𝟐]

ng momrnt.
O
the design load providing the shell
sfied. Tank is self-anchored.
hored for design load, modify the
g or add mechanical anchorage.
 0.724 g Av=0.47*Sds
0.486 g 𝐺_𝑒=G(1-
1,986.9 Kg/m 0.4𝐴_𝑣)
𝑊_𝑡=𝑊_𝑠/𝜋
𝐷+𝑊_𝑟𝑠
4,996.9 Kg/m Wrs=Wr/3.14D

3,345 Kg/m 32,807 N/m

(API 650 E6.2.1.1-1a)
)Kg/m
Kg/m (API 650 E6.2.1.1-2a)

Kg/m 149.90241047 kN/m

mmAq 15.000336516 kPa 0.15 bar

API 650 Appendix E.6.2.1.1.1

905.0 mm

L Max= 1400 mm Lmax.=0.035D

ta= 7 mm
Fy= 344.738 Mpa (SA537-CL1 API 620 Table 5-1)

𝑊_𝐴𝐵= 16,493.1 kg/m 161.6 KN/m

𝑊_𝑖𝑛𝑡 = 15,296.2 Kg/m 149.90241 KN/m

𝑇_𝑠𝑒= 37.0 Ton 362.7 KN

(API 650 Appendix E.6.2.2)

) < 1.5
Kg/mm2 13.4 Mpa
Kg/mm2 9.7 Mpa
Kg/mm2 13.4 Mpa

〖𝑚𝑚〗 ^2>= 44 𝑚^3∕ 〖𝑚𝑚〗 ^2

〖𝑚𝑚〗 ^2 𝑚^3∕ 〖𝑚𝑚〗 ^2

Mpa 3.2 Kg/mm2

Tank is stable by Seismic

1.364 Kg/mm2 13.4 Mpa

𝑡 〗 _𝑠 ) =
0.986 Kg.mm2 9.7 Mpa
)−𝑊_𝑎 )

〗 _𝑠 ) = 1.364 Kg.mm2 13.4 Mpa

𝜎_𝑇 𝑆_𝑎
<or> Check
(Mpa) (Mpa)
-0.91 < 192.6 ok
-7.14 < 192.6 ok
1.12 < 192.6 ok
12.21 < 192.6 ok
20.38 < 192.6 ok
21.88 < 192.6 ok
24.48 < 192.6 ok
26.39 < 192.6 ok
50,000 psi
21,000 psi
27,930 psi
14. Maximum shell copressive (Buckling) Stress calculation
14.1) Buckling check of shell course(Case A.Uncorroded condition)

𝜎_𝐶
Shell Shell Each shell Wt= Mrw Maximum
Ts D.L.L
Course height Weight (Ws+Wr)/3.14D (each Shell) Stress

No. mm mm kg kg/m kg-m mm kg/mm2

8 540 34 17,221.2 2,292.6 0 0 2956.412838 >
7 1,250 10 11,717.3 2,385.9 0 0 3076.651912 >
6 2,470 10 23,153.4 2,570.1 0 250 3314.244322 >
5 2,470 10 23,153.4 2,754.4 0 2,720 3551.836732 >
4 2,470 11 25,469.4 2,957.1 0 5,190 3813.195259 >
3 2,470 14 32,418.1 3,215.0 0 7,660 4145.859638 >
2 2,470 16 37,051.3 3,509.9 0 10,130 4526.067502 >
1 2,470 18 41,684.9 3,841.6 0 12,600 4953.823852 >
TOTAL 16,610 211868.9

where,
Wt = Tank and roof weight acting at base of shell (kg/m)
Ws= Shell Weight(Ws=Wo+Accumulated shell weight) = 216,817.58
Wo= Shell attachment weight (Excluded anchor strap weight) = 4,949
Wr= Roof weight = 265,932.49
D= Tank diameter = 40,000
R= Outer tank radius = 20,000
Mrw= Overturning ringwall moment = 22,504,022
H= Maximum design product level = 12,600
G= Design specific gravity = 0.684
Av= Vertical earthquake acceleration parameter = 0.7238
𝜎_𝐶= Maximum logitudinal shell compression sterss(kg/mm2)
Fc= Allowable logitudinal shell membrane compression stree(kg/mm2)
Ts= Shell thicjness (Uncorroded)
 Fc
Allowable
Stress Buckling check
kg/mm2
2.879592 Not Ok
0.846939 Not Ok
0.846939 Not Ok
0.846939 Not Ok
0.931633 Not Ok
1.185714 Not Ok
1.355102 Not Ok
1.52449 Not Ok

kg 478,000 lb
kg 10,910 lb
kg 586,280 lb
mm 1,575 in
mm 787 in
kg-m 220,539,417 N-m
mm 496 in