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AFA CHAPTER: Engine Valves

The document discusses engine valves, including their: - Manufacturing through processes like hardening, hard facing, and friction welding. - Operation involving spring force and tensile load during valve closing. - Potential abnormal conditions such as high temperatures causing issues like thermal fatigue cracks, dishing, oxidation, and chordal fractures. Misalignment can also cause ratchet marks and bending fatigue. - Other issues involve guttering from deposits, corrosion in harsh environments, and potential problems with the valve head not being aligned with the stem or spring failures.

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Mohamed Hamdallah
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83 views26 pages

AFA CHAPTER: Engine Valves

The document discusses engine valves, including their: - Manufacturing through processes like hardening, hard facing, and friction welding. - Operation involving spring force and tensile load during valve closing. - Potential abnormal conditions such as high temperatures causing issues like thermal fatigue cracks, dishing, oxidation, and chordal fractures. Misalignment can also cause ratchet marks and bending fatigue. - Other issues involve guttering from deposits, corrosion in harsh environments, and potential problems with the valve head not being aligned with the stem or spring failures.

Uploaded by

Mohamed Hamdallah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 26

AFA CHAPTER: Engine Valves

Engine Valves

Service Training Malaga 1


AFA CHAPTER: Engine Valves

Nomenclature

Service Training Malaga 2


AFA CHAPTER: Engine Valves

Material Two Piece Valves

• Stem: low carbon steel


• Head: stainless steel (carbon/nickel)

Service Training Malaga 3


AFA CHAPTER: Engine Valves

Manufacturing Hardening

Stems hardened to Rc 40
Keeper groove induction
hardened to Rc 55

Service Training Malaga 4


AFA CHAPTER: Engine Valves

Manufacturing Hard Facing

Forged stainless steel


Hard facing high alloy material

Service Training Malaga 5


AFA CHAPTER: Engine Valves

Manufacturing Friction Welding

Service Training Malaga 6


AFA CHAPTER: Engine Valves

Manufacturing Friction Welding

Find the weld with the help of a Magnet

Service Training Malaga 7


AFA CHAPTER: Engine Valves

Operation Spring Force

Service Training Malaga 8


AFA CHAPTER: Engine Valves

Operation Valve Closing

Tensile load in
valve stem when
closing

Service Training Malaga 9


AFA CHAPTER: Engine Valves

Abnormal Conditions High Temperature

Thermal Fatigue Crack – Excessive exhaust temp.

• 1 set overheated?

• What could cause


overheating?

Service Training Malaga 10


AFA CHAPTER: Engine Valves

Abnormal Conditions High Temperature

Dishing or “Tuliping” – Common on Inlet Valves

Service Training Malaga 11


AFA CHAPTER: Engine Valves

Abnormal Conditions High Temperature

Oxidation and decomposition


High Temperature for Extended Periods

Service Training Malaga 12


AFA CHAPTER: Engine Valves

Abnormal Conditions High Temperature

Discoloring up the stem into the valve guide

Service Training Malaga 13


AFA CHAPTER: Engine Valves

Abnormal Conditions High Temperature

Chordal Fractures

Service Training Malaga 14


AFA CHAPTER: Engine Valves

Abnormal Conditions High Temperature

Chordal Fractures

Service Training Malaga 15


AFA

Abnormal Conditions Misalignment

No high temperature
road signs

Service Training Malaga 16


AFA CHAPTER: Engine Valves

Abnormal Conditions Misalignment

Ratchet Marks

Ratchet
marks

Service Training Malaga 17


AFA CHAPTER: Engine Valves

Abnormal Conditions Bending Fatigue

Ratchet Marks
Beach Marks

Service Training Malaga 18


AFA CHAPTER: Engine Valves

Abnormal Conditions Piston Contact

Bent valve may indicate valve was sticking in


guide

Service Training Malaga 19


AFA CHAPTER: Engine Valves

Abnormal Conditions Guttering

Caused by valve face deposits


Mostly common in Gas engines

Guttering: deposits build up and cause misalignment,


causing hot gasses between valve seat and head.
Service Training Malaga 20
AFA CHAPTER: Engine Valves

Abnormal Conditions Guttering

Right OIL must be used to


prevent deposit formation

Service Training Malaga 21


AFA CHAPTER: Engine Valves

Abnormal Conditions Corrosive Environment

Service Training Malaga 22


AFA CHAPTER: Engine Valves

Abnormal Conditions

Service Training Malaga 23


AFA CHAPTER: Engine Valves

Parts Problem Valve head and stem not aligned

Service Training Malaga 24


AFA CHAPTER: Engine Valves

Parts Problem Spring Problems

Fail along the inner diameter


Due to load is highest there

The End
Service Training Malaga 25
AFA

Service Training Malaga 26

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