CE 374

INTRODUCTION TO STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS

Sharon L. Wood

Fall 1995

Department of Civil Engineering

University of Illinois
CE 374 Introduction to Structural Dynamics Fall 1995 ” S.L. Wood

1. Numerical Integration — Linear Acceleration Method

a) Undamped SDOF Oscillator . . ........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
b) Damped SDOF Oscillator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2. Determining the Equation of Motion for Linear SDOF Systems
3. Free Vibration Response of Undamped SDOF Systems
4. Free Vibration of Damped SDOF Systems
a) Logarithmic Decrement Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
5. Dynamic Response of SDOF Systems Subjected to Harmonic Forcing Functions
a) Resonance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... . 8
b) Transmissibility and Vibration Isolation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 11
c) Support Motion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
d) Estimating Damping from Frequency Sweep Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..14
e) Accelerometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
6. Dynamic Response of SDOF Systems Subjected to General Forcing Functions
a) Impulse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
b) Duhame1’s Integral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 3
c) Constant Force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 3
d) Rectangular Pulse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
7. Shock Spectra
8. Earthquake Spectra :
a) Earthquake Motions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
b) Linear Response Spectra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
c) Pseudo Spectral Velocity and Pseudo Spectral Acceleration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
d) Tripartite Response Spectra .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
e) Spectral Amplification Factors . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
f) Inelastic Response Spectra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
g) Newmark Beta Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
9. Free Vibration of Undamped MDOF Systems
 a) Generalized Coordinates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .‘. . . . . 8
b) Properties of Mode Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .........8
c) Uncoupling the Equations of Motion . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
10. Forced Vibration of Undamped MDOF Systems
11.Approximate Methods for Determining Mode Shapes and Frequencies in MDOF Systems
a) Rayleigh’s Quotient . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
b) Matrix Iteration Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
• Fundamental Mode . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 3
• Highest Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
• Intermediate Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
12. Dynamic Response of Damped MDOF Systems
13. Dynamic Response of Frame Systems
14. Earthquake Response of MDOF Systems
a) Participation Factors .
b) Structural Displacements
c) Combinations of Modal Maxima ......
d) Base Shear
15. Earthquake Response of Three-Dimensional Structures
a) Multi-Story Three-Dimensional Structures
16. Dynamic Response of Continuous Systems - Transverse Vibrations of Strings
a) Equations of Motion .
b) Calculation of Mode Shapes and Frequencies
c) Free-Vibration Response of Strings .
17. Dynamic Response of Continuous Systems - Transverse Vibrations of Beams
a) Calculation of Mode Shapes and Frequencies
b) Orthogonality Relationships
c) Modal Analysis of Continuous Systems
d) Forced Vibration
18. Approximate Methods for Estimating Mode Shapes and Frequencies
a) Rayleigh's Quotient
 b) Rayleigh-Ritz Method ..
• Transverse Vibration of a Cantilever Beam
• Transverse Vibration of a String .
19. Homework Problems
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and tan γ = 2
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