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Combined Heat and Power (CHP) Statistics: Statistical Office of The European Communities

The document discusses Eurostat's methodology for collecting statistics on combined heat and power (CHP) generation in the European Union. The methodology calculates CHP electricity generation using total electricity generation from CHP plants. It is based on a method developed by Protermo Ltd. that uses average annual efficiency and power-to-heat ratios to determine CHP amounts. The adopted Eurostat methodology has a lower efficiency threshold than the original Protermo method, reducing the need for calculations and increasing comparability.

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Dejan Sekulovski
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109 views15 pages

Combined Heat and Power (CHP) Statistics: Statistical Office of The European Communities

The document discusses Eurostat's methodology for collecting statistics on combined heat and power (CHP) generation in the European Union. The methodology calculates CHP electricity generation using total electricity generation from CHP plants. It is based on a method developed by Protermo Ltd. that uses average annual efficiency and power-to-heat ratios to determine CHP amounts. The adopted Eurostat methodology has a lower efficiency threshold than the original Protermo method, reducing the need for calculations and increasing comparability.

Uploaded by

Dejan Sekulovski
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Statistical Office of the European Communities

Combined Heat and Power (CHP)


Statistics

29 - 31 October 2001 Joint IEA/Eurostat Annual 1


Questionnaire Training Workshop, IEA,
Paris
Statistical Office of the European Communities

Combined Heat and Power (CHP) Production or


Cogeneration
• CHP typically has a high overall efficiency, even up to 80-90%
Í A considerable amount of primary energy can be saved by CHP
compared with separate heat and electricity generation
Í Promoting CHP can contribute substantially
– to increasing energy efficiency and
– to reducing emissions of greenhouse gases
• Involves simultaneous heat and electricity generation

29 - 31 October 2001 Joint IEA/Eurostat Annual 2


Questionnaire Training Workshop, IEA,
Paris
Statistical Office of the European Communities

Reporting of CHP in Joint questionnaire on


Electricity and Heat
• All electricity generated in CHP plants is considered
CHP
• Heat sold to third parties reported as CHP heat
production
• Fuel input to CHP plants corresponding to heat sold
to third parties and to electricity generated

29 - 31 October 2001 Joint IEA/Eurostat Annual 3


Questionnaire Training Workshop, IEA,
Paris
Statistical Office of the European Communities

Electricity (E)
Fuel (F) CHP
process
Heat (H)

Losses
Fe = F(E /( E + H ))
Fh = F(H /( E + H))

29 - 31 October 2001 Joint IEA/Eurostat Annual 4


Questionnaire Training Workshop, IEA,
Paris
Statistical Office of the European Communities

Eurostat CHP Statistics


• Collected separately in projects funded in SAVE
programme
• Collected for years 1994, 1996-1998
– EU Member States (MS)
– CHP capacity & production by MS, type of cycle and fuel
• Separation of CHP in total generation of CHP plants,
if there is a non-CHP component
– district heating plants
– marginal CHP producers (for example 10MW heat and 300
MW electrical capacity)

29 - 31 October 2001 Joint IEA/Eurostat Annual 5


Questionnaire Training Workshop, IEA,
Paris
Statistical Office of the European Communities

Energy flow in a CHP plant

Fuel Intermediate Turbine Heat Waste heat to


Fluid (& generator) exchanger environment
F
Electricity Useful heat

E H

29 - 31 October 2001 Joint IEA/Eurostat Annual 6


Questionnaire Training Workshop, IEA,
Paris
Statistical Office of the European Communities

Energy flow in a CHP plant with a non-CHP


component

Fuel Intermediate Turbine


Fluid (& generator) Waste heat to
environment
F Heat
Electricity exchanger

E Useful heat
H
29 - 31 October 2001 Joint IEA/Eurostat Annual 7
Questionnaire Training Workshop, IEA,
Paris
Statistical Office of the European Communities

Methodology for 2000 CHP statistics


collection
• Adopted by EU Member States in a Working
Group meeting in April 2001
• Requirements
• Method

29 - 31 October 2001 Joint IEA/Eurostat Annual 8


Questionnaire Training Workshop, IEA,
Paris
Statistical Office of the European Communities

Requirements
• Accuracy
• Simplicity
• Objectivity
• Transparency
• Comparability across the EU

29 - 31 October 2001 Joint IEA/Eurostat Annual 9


Questionnaire Training Workshop, IEA,
Paris
Statistical Office of the European Communities

Method (1)
• A compromise between requirements
– accuracy versus simplicity
• Separation of non-CHP and CHP
components difficult for
– units with variable heat / electrical load
– industrial producers with poor information on heat
production

29 - 31 October 2001 Joint IEA/Eurostat Annual 10


Questionnaire Training Workshop, IEA,
Paris
Statistical Office of the European Communities

Method (2)
• Adopted method is solid, because
– measured values are used as much as possible
– methodology for calculations is transparent
– comparable data collection across the EU is enabled

• Definition of threshold for calculating CHP electricity


generation
– units where no calculations are needed
– units where CHP electricity generation is calculated

29 - 31 October 2001 Joint IEA/Eurostat Annual 11


Questionnaire Training Workshop, IEA,
Paris
Statistical Office of the European Communities

Method (3)
• Based on method developed by Protermo Ltd
=> Average annual efficiency of the unit is used as
threshold
E + Q net
ηoverall =
F
Q net = Q tot − Q sup pl
F = Ftot − Fsup pl

29 - 31 October 2001 Joint IEA/Eurostat Annual 12


Questionnaire Training Workshop, IEA,
Paris
Statistical Office of the European Communities

Method (4)
C riteria C H P electricity
generation, E C H P
η overall ≥ 75% E C H P = E gross
η overall < 75% E C H P = Q ⋅C
C – power-to -heat capacity ratio depending on the
type of the plant
• If efficiency of CHP is above 75%, CHP provides energy savings
compared with the best available alternative technologies (CCGT and
boiler)
• In initial Protermo method the threshold is higher, about 85%

29 - 31 October 2001 Joint IEA/Eurostat Annual 13


Questionnaire Training Workshop, IEA,
Paris
Statistical Office of the European Communities

Method (5)
• Power to heat ratio
– electrical power / heat power in a fully CHP mode
– actual
– default values from Protermo:
Type of unit Default power to heat ratio, C
District heating Industrial
CCC – Combined cycle 0,95 0,75
CPC – Steam, backpressure turbine 0,45 0,30
CSC – Steam, condensing turbine 0,45 0,30
TGC – Gas turbine with heat recovery 0,55 0,40
CIC – Internal combustion engine 0,75 0,60

29 - 31 October 2001 Joint IEA/Eurostat Annual 14


Questionnaire Training Workshop, IEA,
Paris
Statistical Office of the European Communities

Summary
• Eurostat uses a methodology where CHP electricity
generation is calculated from the total electricity
generation of CHP plants
• Eurostat methodology
– is based on method developed by Protermo Ltd
– has been adopted by the EU Member States for CHP
statistics collection for year 2000
– has a lower threshold efficiency than initial Protermo, which
• decreases the need for calculations
• increases the objectivity of the statistics

29 - 31 October 2001 Joint IEA/Eurostat Annual 15


Questionnaire Training Workshop, IEA,
Paris

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