JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL

ALGEBRA
Module 8: Graphing Linear Equations

MATHEMATICS 8
DEXTER CARPIO
 MODULE 8 | NOVEMBER 9 – 13, 2020
Graphing Linear Equations

A. Graphs a linear equation given (a) any two points and given (b) the x – and y – intercepts.

OBJECTIVES
1. I can graph linear equation given any two points and given the x and y-intercepts.

Graphing Linear Equations

MATERIALS
Device Graphing Paper Writing materials Schoology Account

In this module, partner parent is expected to the following:

a) Check if the student has started and finished answering the module.
b) Participate in the student’s work if necessary and possible.
c) Contact the subject teacher if needed for any clarification.

1 2 3
CHECK YOUR CONCEPTS AND
MR. BEAN PLANT
UNDERSTANDING EXAMPLES
(10 minutes)
(10 minutes) (40 minutes)
4 5 6
FACT OR BLUFF GENERALIZATION ASSESSMENT
(15 minutes) (10 minutes) (20 minutes)

Let us start our journey by asking the guidance of the Holy Spirit through the prayer to Saint Clare of Assisi.
Remember that we are in the presence of the Lord Almighty.

POWERFUL PRAYER TO SAINT CLARE OF ASSISI

() In the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit. Amen
O glorious Saint Clare!

God has given you the power of working miracles continually, and the favor of answering the prayers
of those who invoke your assistance in misfortune, anxiety, and distress; we beseech you, obtain for
us from Jesus, through Mary, His Blessed Mother, what we beg of you so fervently and hopefully, if it
be for the greater honor and glory of God and for the good of our souls.
O Blessed Saint Clare, your life shines like a beacon and cast its light down the ages of the Church to
guide the way of Christ.

Look with compassion on the poor and humble who call on you for help. As you bow before your
Eucharistic Lord in Heaven, speak to Him of my afflicted body and my broken spirit. Ask Him to heal
me and to wash away my sins in His precious Blood.

Great Servant of Christ, remember the needs of my family and all those I pray for. Defend us from
everything that would threaten our Holy Catholic faith.

Hear the cry of the poor and make it a song of intercession, rising from your poor heart to the
Eucharistic Heart of Jesus, our Healer, our Savior, and our Lord.
Amen.

INTRODUCTION
As continue, the linear equation can be forming a graph in different ways. This lesson will focus on
graphing linear equations given any two points and given the x – and y – intercepts. Also, the concepts of x
and y intercepts.

CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING

Directions: Plot the following points in the cartesian plane below. Then, connect each point using a line.

1. (5, 0)
2. (3, 2)
3. (1, 4)
4. (0, 5)
5. (4, 1)
6. (2, 3)

Question
What have you noticed on the graph formed?

_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
______________
FIND X
Direction: Find the values of x using the given values of y.

1. 3x + y = 15, where y = 0

2. 4x + 2y = 14, where y = 5

3. –2x + 3y = – 6, where y = 4

CONCEPTS AND EXAMPLES

Graphing Linear Equations

A solution to a linear equation in two variables is an ordered pair that satisfies the equation. When
graphed, these solutions from a straight line. There are several methods to graph a linear equation—the
plotting method, the intercept method, and the slope-intercept method. The slope-intercept method,
however, will be discussed next lesson.

GRAPHING LINEAR EQUATIONS BY THE PLOTTING METHOD

In using the plotting method, you assign random values for x and solve for the corresponding values of
y.

Examples:

1. Graph the linear equation x + 3y = 15. Use the table below for the values of x.

Solution: x y
3
a. x + 3y = 15 if x =3
6
x + 3y = 15 9
3 + 3y = 15

3y = 15 – 3

3y = 12 Divide both sides by 3.

3𝑦 12
=
3 3
This means that the ordered pair (3, 4) is on the line x + 3y = 15. The
y=4 point (3, 4) is therefore a solution of the linear equation.
 b. x + 3y = 15 if x =6 x y
x + 3y = 15 3 4
6
6 + 3y = 15
9
3y = 15 – 6

3y = 9 Divide both sides by 3.

3𝑦 9
=
3 3
y=3

This means that the ordered pair (6, 3) is also on the line x + 3y = 15.

c. x + 3y = 15 if x =9 x y
x + 3y = 15 3 4

9 + 3y = 15 6 3
9
3y = 15 – 9

3y = 6 Divide both sides by 3.

3𝑦 6
=
3 3
y=2

This means that the ordered pair (6, 3) is a solution, and hence, it is on the line x + 3y = 15.

As a result, you have the ordered pairs

(3, 4), (6, 3), and (9, 2). Plot these points on the
Cartesian Plane and connect them with a straight
line as shown in Fig. 1.1.
(3, 4)
(6, 3)
x y  (9, 2)
3 4 
6 3

9 2

Figure 1.1
2. Graph the linear equation 2x + y = -4. Use the table below for the values of x.

x y
–1
0
2

Solution:
a. 2x + y = –4 b. 2x + y = –4 c. 2x + y = –4
If x = –1 If x = 0 If x = 2
2x + y = –4 2x + y = –4 2x + y = –4
2(–1) + y = –4 2(0) + y = –4 2(2) + y = –4
–2 + y = –4 0 + y = –4 4 + y = –4
y = –4 + 2 y = –4 y = –4 – 4
y = –2 y = –4 y = –8

x y
–1 –2
0 –4
2 –8

(–1, –2)

 (0, –4)
(2, –8)


Figure 1.2
SPECIAL CASES

Notice that the given examples, x + 3y = 15 and 2x + y = –4, have non-zero values for both A and B in
its standard form Ax + By = C. This implies that the equation has both x and y terms. Observe that the graph
is an oblique or slanting line. What is the graph of a linear equation where B = 0?

Examples:

Graph x = 2

The standard form of x = 2 is x + 0y = 2. x y

Let say the given values for y are –5, –7, and –9. –5
–7
–9
Solution:
a. If y = –5 b. If y = –7 c. If y = –9
x + 0y = 2 x + 0y = 2 x + 0y = 2
x + 0(-5) = 2 x + 0(-7) = 2 x + 0(-9) = 2
x+0=2 x+0=2 x+0=2
x=2 x=2 x=2

x y
2 –5
Let’s graph the three ordered pairs. 2 –7
2 –9

Notice, that when

B = 0, the form of the
equation is x = c, and
points lying on this line
have the same abscissa.
The graph formed is a
vertical line.

 (2, –5)
 (2, –7)
 (2, –9)
Figure 1.3
Graph y = -3

The standard form of y = –3 is 0x + y = –3.

x y
Let say the given values for x are –2, 1, and 3. –2
1
3
Solution:
a. If x = –2 b. If x = 1 c. If x = 3

0x + y = –3 0x + y = –3 0x + y = –3

0(–2) + y = –3 0(1) + y = –3 0(3) + y = –3

0 + y = –3 0 + y = –3 0 + y = –3

y = –3 y = –3 y = –3

x y
–2 –3
Let’s graph the three ordered pairs.
1 –3
3 –3

Notice, that when

A = 0, the form of the
equation is y = c, and
points lying on this line
(1, –3)
have the same ordinate.
The graph formed is a 
(–2, –3)
 (3,–3)
horizontal line.

Figure 1.4

If the value of A in linear equation is zero, the graph formed is a horizontal line. While,
REMEMBER! | if the value of B in given linear equation is zero, the graph formed is a vertical line.
GRAPHING LINEAR EQUATIONS BY THE INTERCEPT METHOD

In Figure 1.5, the line crosses the x-  (0, 6)

axis at point (3, 0). The abscissa of this point,
which is 3, is what you call the x-intercept.
Note that the ordinate of this point is zero
because it is on the x-axis. So, to get the x-
intercept, substitute 0 to y and solve for x. (3, 0)
Similarly, the line passes through the y- 
axis at point (0, 6). The ordinate of this point,
which is 6, is what you call the y-intercept.
Note that the abscissa of this point is 0 since it
is on the y-axis. Hence, substitute 0 to x and
solve for y to get the y-intercept.

Figure 1.5

If you know where the line crosses both the x-axis and y-axis, you can use these points to
graph the linear equation. To graph a linear equation using the intercept method, follow these steps:

a. Substitute zero to y and solve the resulting equation to get the x-intercept.

b. Substitute zero to x and solve the resulting equation to get the y-intercept.

c. Plot these points and connect them with a straight line.

Examples:

1. Graph the linear equation 2x – 3y = 6 by the intercept method.

Solution:
a. To get the x-intercept, substitute 0 to y. b. To get the y-intercept, substitute 0 to x.

2x – 3y = 6 2x – 3y = 6

2x – 3(0) = 6 2(0) – 3y = 6

2x = 6 Divide both sides by 2. –3y = 6 Divide both sides by –3.

2𝑥 6 −3𝑦 6
= =
2 2 −3 −3
x=3 y = –2

The x-intercept is 3. This means that the The y-intercept is –2. This means that the graph
graph passes through the x-axis at point (3, 0). passes through the y-axis at point (0, –2).
 Plot these intercepts:

(3, 0)

(0, –2)

(3, 0)

 (0, –2)

2. Graph the linear equation 4x + 6y + 12 = 0 by the intercept method.

Solution:
The standard form of 4x + 6y + 12 = 0 is

4x + 6y = –12

a. To get the x-intercept, substitute 0 to y. b. To get the y-intercept, substitute 0 to x.

4x + 6y = –12 4x + 6y = –12

4x + 6(0) = –12 4(0) + 6y = –12

4x = –12 Divide both sides by 4. 6y = –12 Divide both sides by 6.

4𝑥 −12 6𝑦 −12
= =
4 4 6 6
x = –3 y = –2

The x-intercept is –3. This means that the The y-intercept is –2. This means that the
graph passes through the x-axis at point (–3, 0). graph passes through the y-axis at point (0, –2).

Now, plot these intercepts and connect them with a line.

(–3, 0)

(0, –2)
 (–3, 0)

 (0, –2)

SPECIAL CASES

What are the x- and y-intercepts of a linear equation where A = 0 or B = 0?

Examples:

1. Determine the x- and y-intercepts of the equation x = 5.

x-intercept: 5
y-intercept: None

2. Determine the x- and y-intercepts of the equation y = 2.

x-intercept: None
y-intercept: 2

To summarize, let’s look at table below.

Equation x-intercept y-intercept
𝐶 𝐶
Ax + By = C
𝐴 𝐵
x=C C None
y=C None C
x=0 0 Points on the y-axis
y=0 Points on the x-axis 0
GRAPH ME
Direction: Complete the table for each item and graph the given equation. Show your solutions in graphing
paper.

1. x + 2y = 20 2. 3x + y = 4

x y x y
6 –1
8 –2
10 –3

GENERALIZATION
Direction: Explain the differences between x-intercept and y-intercept.

ASSESSMENT
A. Direction: Read and analyze each statement and choose the letter of the best answer.

____ 1. The x-intercept of 2x + y = –2 is ______.

a. –1 b. 0 c. 1 d. 2
____ 2. What is the y-intercept of 5x – 10y = –20?
a. –4 b. –2 c. 2 d. 5
____ 3. The value of y when x is 2 in the equation x – 4y = 14 is ____.
a. 3 b. 4 c. –3 d. –4
____ 4. What is the x-intercept of the line x = 1?
a. –1 b. 0 c. 1 d. none
____ 5. What kind of line is the graph of y = 6?
a. oblique b. slanting c. vertical d. horizontal

B. Direction: Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if the statement is incorrect.

__________ 6. The y-intercept of y = – 4 is – 4.

__________ 7. The line x = – 8 is a horizontal line.
__________ 8. A line that passes through (5, 0) has an x-intercept of 5.
__________ 9. The abscissa of the point where the line intersects the x-axis is known as y-intercept.
__________ 10. To determine the y-intercept, you replace x with zero and solve for y.
 • Alagano, Robelyn F. (2015) Mathematics for the 21st Century Learner, DIWA
Learning Systems, Inc., Makati City
REFERENCES
• Orines, Fernando B. (2012) Next Century Mathematics, Phoenix Publishing House,
Inc., Quezon City
Teacher DEXTER CARPIO
Contact Number 0916-763-5085
Email Address jonalynbasuel@gmail.com
Consultation Time During class schedule until 5PM