Pp03a - Asep - NSCP 2015 Update On CH2 Minimum Design Loads
Pp03a - Asep - NSCP 2015 Update On CH2 Minimum Design Loads
UPDATES ON CHAPTER 2 :
MINIMUM DESIGN LOADS
NATIONAL STRUCTURAL CODE
OF THE PHILIPPINES
NSCP 2015, VOLUME 1
Ronaldo S. Ison, F.ASEP, PP 2002‐2004,
Chancellor, ASEP College of Fellows
Significant Changes to Chapter 2
Minimum Design Loads
Load combinations for are changed due to the
use of strength‐based wind loading based on
ASCE 7‐10
Additional live load designations for parking,
garage, and ramp live loading
Basic wind speed are revised based on latest
studies and records
For communication towers, ANSI TIA/EIA 222G
latest edition is fully referenced in the NSCP
1
7/22/2017
Significant Changes to Chapter 2
Minimum Design Loads
Near‐source factors are revised to consider
distance to source <2 km to be distinct and with
higher values
Revision of magnitude limits for
Seismic Source Type A
Use of spectral acceleration based on ASCE/SEI
7‐10 is recognized as an alternative procedure for
determining earthquake forces
Rest of the Sections in Chapter 2 are unchanged
with reference to NSCP 2010 6th Edition
Material
Densities
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Loadings
Dead Loads
Loadings
Live Loads
3
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Loadings
Live Loads
Loadings
Live Loads
4
7/22/2017
Live Load
Reduction
Live Load
Reduction
5
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Loadings
Roof Loads
Loadings
Earthquake Loads
SCOPE
‐ Structures or portions thereof shall be, as a minimum,
be designed and constructed to resist the effects of
seismic ground motion
SEISMIC AND WIND DESIGN
‐ When the code prescribed produces greater effects, the
wind design shall govern, but detailing requirements and
limitations of Section 208 Earthquake Loads shall be
followed.
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Earthquake Loads
Design Base Shear – Static Force Procedure
Cv I
V W
RT (208‐8)
The total design base shear need not exceed the following:
2.5Ca I (208‐9)
V W
R
Earthquake Loads
Design Base Shear – Static Force Procedure
The total design base shear shall not be less than the
following:
V 0.11Ca I W (208‐10)
In addition, for Seismic Zone 4, the total base shear shall
also not be less than the following:
(208‐11)
0.8ZN v I
V W
R
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Occupancy
Categories
Occupancy
Categories
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Seismic Importance Factors
16&3DQG16&3
Soil Profile Types
16&3DQG16&3
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Seismic Source Types
16&3 16&3
Near Source Factors
16&3 16&3
10
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Seismic Coefficients
16&3 16&3
Seismic Coefficients
16&3 16&3
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Response Modification and
Overstrength Factors
Response Modification and
Overstrength Factors
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Fault Map
of the Philippines
Distribution of Active
Faults and Trenches
(PHIVOLCS)
Seismic Map
of the
Philippines
Earthquakes for the last
+400 years
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Seismic Map
of the Philippines
The Philippines is divided
into two (2) Seismic Zones :
Seismic Zone 2 (Z=0.2)
Islands oF Palawan, Tawi‐
Tawi and Sulu
Seismic Zone 4 (Z=0.4)
Rest of the Philippine
Islands
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Earthquake Loads
Design Base Shear – Static Force Procedure
Cv I
V W (208‐8)
RT
The total design base shear need not exceed the
following:
2.5Ca I
V W (208‐9)
R
Earthquake Loads
Design Base Shear – Static Force Procedure
The total design base shear shall not be less than
the following:
V 0.11Ca I W (208‐10)
In addition, for Seismic Zone 4, the total base shear
shall also not be less than the following:
0.8ZN v I (208‐11)
V W
R
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Earthquake Loads
Building Period, T
T = Ct(hn)3/4
= 0.0853(30)3/4
= 1.093 sec
30 m
Ct = 0.0731 for concrete SMRF
T = Ct(hn)3/4
= 0.0731(30)3/4
= 0.937 sec
Ground
Ct = 0.0488 for other systems
6m
T = Ct(hn)3/4
= 0.0488(30)3/4
= 0.626 sec
Earthquake Loads
Sample Problem – Design Base Shear
Given:
Zone 4, Z = 0.4
Seismic Source Type = A
25m
Distance to seismic source = 2 km
Soil Profile Type = Sc
I = 1.0
R = 8.5
W = 7300 kN
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Earthquake Loads
Sample Problem – Design Base Shear
Determine the structure period T using Method A.
For concrete moment –resisting frames, Ct is 0.0731
T = Ct(hn)3/4
= 0.0731(25)3/4
= 0.81 sec.
Find near source factors Na and Nv from Tables 208‐4
and 208‐5 for Seismic Source Type A and distance to
seismic source of 2 km.
NSCP 2010 Na = 1.2 Nv = 1.6
NSCP 2015 Na = 1.5 Nv = 2.0
Earthquake Loads
Sample Problem – Design Base Shear
Determine seismic coefficients Ca and Cv from Tables
208‐7 and 208‐8 for soil profile type Sc and Zone 4.
NSCP 2010
Ca = 0.40 Na Cv = 0.56 Nv
= 0.4(1.2) = 0.56(1.6)
= 0.48 = 0.896
NSCP 2015
Ca = 0.40 Na Cv = 0.56 Nv
= 0.4(1.5) = 0.56(2.0)
= 0.6 = 1.12
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Earthquake Loads
Sample Problem – Design Base Shear
NSCP 2010
The total design base shear in a given direction is:
V = CVI/RT x W (NSCP 208‐4)
= 0.896(1.0)/(8.5x.81) x 7300
= 950.01 kN (GOVERNS)
the total design base shear need not exceed the
following:
V = 2.5(CaI)/R x W (NSCP 208‐5)
= 2.5(0.60)1.0/8.5 x 7300
= 1,030.59 kN
Earthquake Loads
Sample Problem – Design Base Shear
the base shear shall not be less than the following:
V = 0.11CaIW (NSCP 208‐6)
= 0.11(0.60)(1.0)(7300)
= 385.44 kN
in Seismic Zone 4, the total design base shear shall
also be not less than:
V = 0.8ZNvI/R x W (NSCP 208‐7)
= 0.8(0.4)(1.6)(1.0)/8.5 x 7300
= 439.72 kN
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Earthquake Loads
Sample Problem – Design Base Shear
NSCP 2015
The total design base shear in a given direction is:
V = CVI/RT x W (NSCP 208‐4)
= 1.12(1.0)/(8.5x.81) x 7300
= 1,187.51 kN (GOVERNS)
the total design base shear need not exceed the
following:
V = 2.5(CaI)/R x W (NSCP 208‐5)
= 2.5(0.60)1.0/8.5 x 7300
= 1,288.24 kN
Earthquake Loads
Sample Problem – Design Base Shear
the base shear shall not be less than the following:
V = 0.11CaIW (NSCP 208‐6)
= 0.11(0.60)(1.0)(7300)
= 481.80 kN
in Seismic Zone 4, the total design base shear shall
also be not less than:
V = 0.8ZNvI/R x W (NSCP 208‐7)
= 0.8(0.4)(2.0)(1.0)/8.5 x 7300
= 549.65 kN
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Earthquake Loads
Sample Problem – Design Base Shear
Zone 4, Z = 0.4
Seismic Source Type = A
Distance to seismic source = 2 km
Soil Profile Type = Sc
I = 1.0
25m
R = 8.5
W = 7300 kN
Design Base Shear, V
NSCP 2010 V = 950.01 kN
NSCP 2015 V = 1,187.51 kN (+25%)
q
Sample Problem – Base Shear
Comparison
8 storey RC structure
3.5m floor‐to‐floor height, 6.0m bay length
f’c = 28 MPa, fy = 414 MPa
Beams/girders : 300mm x 450mm
Columns : 600mm x 600 mm
Dead load : self weight
Superimposed Dead Load : 4.00 kPa
Live Load : 2.40 kPa (residential)
Special Moment Resisting Frame, R = 8.5
Soil Profile Type, SA
Importance Factor, 1.00, Category IV
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3D Model
Plan and Wire Frame
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Base Shear Comparison
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Comparison of Design Moments and
Flexural Reinforcements
Beam B29
Earthquake Loads
Vertical Distribution
The total design base shear, V, shall be distributed at
different floor levels according to the following:
Fx = (V‐Ft) x wxhx
wxhx
where:
V : design base shear
Ft : .07TV, when period, T > 0.7 second, else Ft = 0
wx : mass at floor level
hx : height of floor from ground level
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Earthquake Loads
Dynamic Analysis – Response Spectrum
Load Combinations
Buildings, towers and other vertical structures and all
portions thereof shall be designed to resist the load
combinations in NSCP Section 203.
The critical effect can occur when one or more of the
contributing loads are not acting.
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Load Definitions
D = dead load
E = earthquake load set forth in Section 208.5.1.1
Em = estimated maximum earthquake force that
can be developed in the structure as set forth
in Section 208.5.1.1
F = load due to fluids with well‐defined pressures and
maximum heights
H = load due to lateral pressure of soil and water in soil
L = live load, except roof live load, including any
permitted live load reduction
Lr = roof live load, including any permitted live load
reduction
Load Definitions
L = live load, except roof live load, including any
permitted live load reduction
Lr = roof live load, including any permitted live load
reduction
R = rain load on the undeflected roof
T = self‐straining force and effects arising from
contraction or expansion resulting from
temperature change, shrinkage, moisture
change, creep in component materials,
movement due to differential
settlement, or combinations thereof
W = load due to wind pressure
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Load Combinations for
RC Design and Steel Design
U = 1.4 (D + F)
U = 1.2 (D+ F+T ) + 1.6 (L+H) + 0.5(Lr or R)
U = 1.2 D + 1.6 (Lr or R) + (f1L or 0.50 W)
U = 1.2 D + 1.0 W + f1 L +0.5 (Lr or R)
U = 1.2 D + 1.0 E+ f1 L
U = 0.9 D + 1.0 W + 1.6 H
U = 0.9 D + 1.0 E + 1.6 H
f1 = 1.0 for floors in places of public assembly,
for live loads in excess of 4.8 kPa,
and for garage live load
= 0.5 for other live loads
Load Combination for Strength Design
Application of the strength design load combinations
that involve the seismic load E for the moment‐
resisting frame
Z = 0.4
Ca = 0.44
I = 1.0
ρ = 1.1
f1 = 0.5
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Load Combination for Strength Design
Beam A‐B and Column C‐D are elements of the special
moment‐resisting frame. Structural analysis has provided
the following individual beam moments at A, and the
column axial loads and moments at C due to dead load,
office building live load, and lateral seismic forces.
Dead D Live L Seismic Eh
Beam Moment at A 135 kN‐m 65 kN‐m 165 kN‐m
Column C‐D axial load 400 kN 180 kN 490 kN
Column Moment at C 55 kN‐m 30 kN‐m 220 kN‐m
PROBLEM : Find the strength design moment at beam end
A and strength design axial load and moment at column
top C.
Load Combination for Strength Design
Strength design moment at beam end A.
Determine earthquake load E:
The earthquake load E consists of two components as
shown below in equation (208‐18). Eh is due to horizontal
forces, and Ev is due to vertical forces.
E = ρEh + Ev (Section 208‐18)
The moment due to vertical earthquake forces is calculated
Ev = 0.5CaID = 0.5(0.44)(1.0)(135) = 29.7 kN‐m
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Load Combination for Strength Design
The moment due to horizontal earthquake
forces is given as
Eh = 165 kN‐m
Therefore
= ρEh + Ev = 1.1(165)+29.7 = 211 kN‐m
Load Combination for Strength Design
U = 1.4 (D + F) = 1.4D
U = 1.2 (D+ F+T ) + 1.6 (L+H) + 0.5(Lr or R)
= 1.2D + 1.6L
U = 1.2 D + 1.6 (Lr or R) + (f1L or 0.50 W)
= 1.2D + 0.5L
U = 1.2 D + 1.0 W + f1 L +0.5 (Lr or R) = 1.2D +0.5L
U = 1.2 D + 1.0 E+ f1 L = 1.2D + 1.0E + 0.5L
U = 0.9 D + 1.0 W + 1.6 H = 0.9D
U = 0.9 D + 1.0 E + 1.6 H = 0.9D +1.0E
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Load Combination for Strength Design
Apply earthquake load combinations
The basic load combinations for strength design (or LRFD) are
given in Section 203.3.1. For this example, the applicable
equations are:
1.2D + 1.0E + f1L
0.9D 1.0E
Using Equation (203‐5) and Equation (203‐6), the strength design
moment at A for combined dead, live, and seismic forces are
determined.
MA = 1.2MD +1.0ME + f1ML
= 1.2(135)+1.0(211)+0.5(65)
= 406 kN‐m
MA = 0.9MD 1.0ME = 0.9(135)1.0(211) = 333 kN‐m or –90 kN‐m
Therefore, MA = 406 kN‐m or –90 kN‐m
Load Combination for Strength Design
Apply earthquake load combinations,
continuation…
MA = 0.9MD 1.0ME
= 0.9(135) 1.0(211)
= 333 kN‐m or –90 kN‐m
MA = 1.2MD + 1.6ML
= 1.2(135)+1.6(65)
= 266 kN‐m
Therefore, MA = 406 kN‐m or –90 kN‐m
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Strength design axial load and moment at column
top C.
Determine Earthquake load E:
E = ρEh + Ev
where
Ev = 0.5CaID = 0.22D
for axial load
Apply Earthquake Load combinations:
1.2D + 1.0E + f1L
0.9D 1.0E
Design axial force Pc at point C is calculated as
Pc = 1.2D + 1.0E + f1L
= 1.2(400)+1.0(627)+0.5(180)
= 1197 kN
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Mc = 0.9D 1.0E
= 0.9(55) 1.0(254)
= 304 kN‐m or ‐205 kN‐m
Therefore, Mc = 335 kN‐m or –205 kN‐m
Note that the column section capacity must be designed for the interaction of
Pc = 1197 kN compression and Mc = 335 kN‐m (for dead, live and earthquake),
and the interaction of Pc = 267 kN tension and Mc = ‐205 kN‐m (for dead and
earthquake).
Significant Changes to Chapter 2
Minimum Design Loads
Load combinations for are changed due to the
use of strength‐based wind loading based on
ASCE 7‐10
Additional live load designations for parking,
garage, and ramp live loading
Basic wind speed are revised based on latest
studies and records
For communication towers, ANSI TIA/EIA 222G
latest edition is fully referenced in the NSCP
39
7/22/2017
Significant Changes to Chapter 2
Minimum Design Loads
Near‐source factors are revised to consider
distance to source <2 km to be distinct and with
higher values
Revision of magnitude limits for
Seismic Source Type A
Use of spectral acceleration based on ASCE/SEI 7‐
10 is recognized as an alternative procedure for
determining earthquake forces
Rest of the Sections in Chapter 2 are unchanged
with reference to NSCP 2010 6th Edition
THANK YOU
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