GRAMMAR WORKSHEET ANSWER KEY

ASSESS
Abbreviations A 1. (The alarm set,) I turned off the light and
PRACTICE went to sleep.
A 1. Mr. Charles Cunningham 2. Sandra Cisneros began her second book,
2. 197 Maple Ave. (the first one having been published.)
3. Dr. Frances Thompson 3. The ice finally frozen solid,) we grabbed
4. Thurs., Sept. 13 our skates and headed for the pond.
5. 6:45 P.M., Wed., May 9 4. The plane took off, (the pilot having been
6. D. H. Lawrence given the all-clear.)
7. Mon., 7:30 A.M. 5. (The anthem being sung) the game began.
8. St. Louis, MO. 6. Ali was quick to go to the electronics
9. Mr. James S. Watson, Sr. store, (DVD recorders being sold for half
10. Providence, RI price.)
B 1. F; 2. G; 3. J; 4. A; 5. H; 6. I; 7. B; 8. C; 7. (The air conditioner broken,) the hotel
provided fans for the guests.
9. D; 10. E
8. (The autumn air smelling crisp and
ASSESS fresh,) Ben and Maggie went for a walk.
A 1. Thurs., Oct. 15, 7:30 P.M.: babysit for B Sample answers:
Mrs. Morris 1. The crime having been solved, the
2. Soccer practice: Mon. through Fri., 9 detectives were satisfied.
A.M. to 1 P.M. 2. Biscuits baking, we started to fry the
3. Girl Scout meeting: Orchard St., Wed., chicken.
8:00 P.M. 3. We decided to row to shore, the winds
4. 5:00 P.M.: appointment with Dr. Hollings getting stronger.
5. Band rehearsal: Tues., 9:30 A.M. 4. The sides having been chosen, the game
began.
B 1. Jr.; 2. km.; 3. Blvd.; 4. Md. or MD; 5. ft.
5. We headed for the lake, the gas tank
filled.
Absolute Phrases 6. The cast having rehearsed, opening night
PRACTICE was a success.
A 1. We stayed inside watching DVDs, (the 7. Smoke appearing in the distance, the
night being rainy and cold.) ranger called the fire department.
2. (The chocolate cake baked,) Mrs. Patruni 8. Years having passed, the seedling we had
turned to the decorations. planted was now a tall tree.
3. The refugees can return from the
mountains, (the war finally ending.) Abstract and Concrete Nouns
4. The judges went home, (the prizes having
PRACTICE
been awarded.)
1. Helen, wrist, hand, accident
5. (The coach singing their praises,) the
2. Peas, carrots, vegetables, Jose
athletes felt proud.
3. boy, kindness, coach
B Sample answers: 4. mother, Gus, age
1. The paint having dried, we could hang 5. Ricardo, hours, day, vaulter, team
the pictures. 6. clock, mantle, minutes
2. The holes being dug, we planted the 7. season, Jennifer, David, lake
bushes. 8. Australia, quantity, wool
3. We had to spend hours at the library, the 9. Marblehead, town, Massachusetts,
project still not done. birthplace, navy
10. carpenters, improvements, building

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 GRAMMAR WORKSHEET ANSWER KEY

ASSESS ASSESS
1. car—concrete; garage—concrete; street A 1. has read; A
—concrete 2. are maintained; P
2. Gideon—concrete; Shulamit—concrete; 3. chose; A
mathematics—abstract; college— 4. were written; P
concrete 5. were stolen; P
3. Nana—concrete; joy—abstract; song— 6. grew; A
concrete 7. were eaten; P
4. Joey—concrete; disappointment— 8. visited; A
abstract; college—concrete B 1. Barney hauled the old sofa down to the
5. Bill—concrete; Sue—concrete; helmets basement.
—concrete; motorcycles—concrete 2. The boat was tossed and lifted by the sea.
6. ticket—concrete; town—concrete; peace 3. David has never understood the way
— abstract; quiet—abstract engine works.
7. movie—concrete; Linda—concrete; hope 4. Rey suddenly hung up the phone.
—abstract; happiness—abstract
Adjective Clauses
Active and Passive Voice
PRACTICE
PRACTICE
A 1. that you mentioned (book)
A 1. missed; A 2. who should be ashamed (they)
2. were arrested; P 3. which we visited (capital)
3. was ruined; P 4. that she prefers (style)
4. told; A 5. to whom you spoke (man)
5. caught; A
B 1. who; 2. where; 3. when; 4. who; 5. where
6. will be organized; P
7. has been broken; P ASSESS
8. will build; A A 1. C; 2. A; 3. D
B 1. Benjamin Franklin invented eyeglasses B 1. that he wanted (map)
with bifocal lenses. 2. who wanted to talk to you (woman)
2. The mail carrier delivered two bills and a 3. whose car is outside (man)
letter. 4. which was on sale (jacket)
3. Ginny has just bought a new sports car. 5. whom you speak of (woman)
C 1. who; 2. that; 3. where; 4. when; 5. that

Adjective and Adverb Usage

PRACTICE
A 1. I ate only a little bowl of ice cream.
2. I played badly at the tennis tournament.
3. I just made a huge birthday cake.
4. correct
5. correct
B Student responses should reflect correct
usage and logical placement of the
modifiers.

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 GRAMMAR WORKSHEET ANSWER KEY

ASSESS Appositives and Appositive

A 1. I wanted badly to play ball. Phrases
2. Luis asked fewer questions than Shelia.
PRACTICE
3. correct
1. Bonnie, my cousin, lived on a farm.
4. correct
arrow to Bonnie
5. correct
2. The math teacher, Mr. Chang, was my
B Student responses should reflect correct homeroom teacher for the year. arrow to
usage and logical placement of the Mr. Chang
modifiers. 3. Mark, the pitcher, threw many fast balls
during the game. arrow to Mark
Adverb Clauses 4. The Garcias, our friends, invited us to the
PRACTICE lake to go fishing. arrow to The Garcias
5. Ms. Steffa, the school principal, canceled
A (adverbs are in italics)
afterschool activities due to the weather.
1. When the weather is hot
arrow to Ms. Steffa
2. until I have finished it.
6. Winnie the Pooh, a fictitious character,
3. After the first frost
had many adventures with Christopher
4. unless it rains
Robin. arrow to Winnie the Pooh
B 1. Until the bus arrives, the campers will
7. Mollie and Max, golden retrievers, were
wait in the gym.
the winners of the dog show. arrow to
2. If there is a long period without rain,
Max and Millie
many plants will not survive.
8. My cat, Domino, likes to sleep with me.
3. Although Miami is a large city, Los
arrow to Domino
Angeles is even larger.
9. The Racing Rocket, a new thriller
4. The Jacksons moved to Charlotte because
rollercoaster, is now open at the park.
Mr. Jackson got a new job.
arrow to The Racing Rocket
5. I can feel a storm coming whenever the
sky turns dark. ASSESS
A 1. Ernesto, my cousin, likes baseball and
ASSESS
hockey. circle Ernesto
A 1. A; 2. B
2. A large black cloud, a sign of a
B 1. Until the prices go down thunderstorm, appeared in the sky. circle
2. unless there is a rain delay cloud
3. After the icebreakers open the channel 3. William Shakespeare, a playwright and
4. before he sent in his report poet, wrote during the sixteenth and
C Sample answers:(Accept adverb clauses at seventeenth centuries. circle William
the beginning or at the end of the sentences. Shakespeare
Those beginning sentences should be 4. Only a few animals, mostly dogs and
followed by a comma.) cats, were found. circle animals
1. Unless he has soccer practice, Steve goes 5. Pete, my brother’s friend, makes the best
to the library after school. popcorn over a campfire. circle Pete
2. Although a fox lives in the woods nearby, B Student sentences should use the appositive
the farmer rarely sees it. phrases correctly as well as reflect correct
3. Many good-hearted people volunteer use of punctuation.
when disasters occur.
4. Because the price of gas has risen,
airfares have also risen.
5. After the storm passed, a rainbow
appeared in the sky.

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 GRAMMAR WORKSHEET ANSWER KEY

Avoiding Shifts in Verb Tenses B 1. We waited for the inspector. The

PRACTICE
atmosphere was tense. Soon the inspector
arrived.
A 1. B; 2. A; 3. A; 4. A
2. He said, “The case is over. We have
B 1. Dickens wrote many novels and also gave found the
readings from them. 3. “It’s not me,” Harry said.
2. Although Dickens lived in Chatham as a 4. “Relax, Harry,” the inspector said,
young child, at age ten he moved to “because you’re innocent.”
London. 5. The inspector had a note. Everyone
3. C listened eagerly.
4. 4. Having already read Hard Times, 6. “Dear Sir,” he read. “Max stole the
to read Oliver Twist some day. jewels. He buried them in the yard.
ASSESS
Sincerely yours, Pat the Rat.”
7. “Impossible!” Kay cried. “My dog is a
A 1. D; 2. A; 3. A
good dog and is not a thief.”
B 1. A; 2. B; 3. B
C 1. Dickens and his wife had ten children,
Colon
but only nine survived.
2. Dickens wrote novels that were published PRACTICE
in parts in monthly magazines. A 1. My favorite sports are the following:
3. C baseball, basketball, soccer, and tennis.
4. In his final years, Dickens was not well, 2. Four states border Mexico: California,
but he continued work on his last book. Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas.
3. The box had the following: rocks, marbles,
Capitalization shoes, and rope.
4. Add these things to your list: bread, eggs,
PRACTICE milk, and flour.
A a. My 5. This is what I have to do on Sunday: clean
b. My, You my room, baby-sit for my brother, and
c. My, Syracuse University finish my homework.
d. Olga, German 6. Sam is afraid of these jungle animals:
e. Let’s, Kate tigers, leopards, and snakes.
f. Aunt Dora, Jefferson High School B Answers will vary.
g. Mayor Bailey, Governor Frey
C 1. We have studied the following kinds of
B a. Sarah’s, Would punctuation marks: commas, colons, and
b. My apostrophes.
c. On, Africa, Rita 2. Correct
d. Officer Patricia Cabot 3. We have two excellent players this year:
e. When, Harriet, What Tom and Mike.
f. My, Uncle Chris, United States 4. Correct
g. Mom, Jackie, I’ve

ASSESS
A 1. When, I
2. The, Cathy Jordan
3. My, University, Wisconsin, September
4. She, Thursday, Friday, Mr. Stevens
5. In, I, Spanish, Italian
6. The Mohave Desert, California

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 GRAMMAR WORKSHEET ANSWER KEY

ASSESS Colons, Semicolons, Ellipsis

1. Four team sports are popular in U.S. Points
schools: basketball, baseball, football,
PRACTICE
and soccer.
2. The day after Thanksgiving is a holiday A Sample answers:
in these states: Florida, Maine, 1. I want to visit these three cities: Miami,
Minnesota, Nebraska, and Washington. Louisville, and San Diego.
3. The basic unit consists of three rooms: a 2. Here are two rules for bicycle safety:
living room, bedroom, and kitchen. Wear a helmet and use reflectors at night.
4. Maryanne chose three different poets to 3. Pack these things for the hike: water, trail
study: Dickinson, Frost, and Sandburg. mix, and a compass.
4. Original sentences should mimic correct
5. In this wallet are my life’s savings: six
colon usage as in the three preceding
dollar bills, eight quarters, and two
items.
nickels.
6. Their birthdays were all in the summer: B 1. Ashville;
June 27, July 11, and August 9. 2. May 2; May 4;
7. The salad contains three ingredients: 3. Erie; Michigan;
lettuce, tomatoes, and mushrooms. C 1. wondered . . .
8. My father always grows a variety of 2. waterfront . . . we
vegetables: carrots, squash, tomatoes, and 3. greasy fries . . .
cucumbers.
9. Campers need the following items: a Combining Short Sentences
sleeping bag, tent, warm clothing, and PRACTICE
sturdy shoes. Sample answers:
10. We have the following trees on our 1. The living room was chilly and empty.
property: maple, elm, and oak. 2. Ryan entered the competition, but his
11. Bees do things such as the following: coach advised against it.
sing, sting, and fly away. 3. Allison put film in the camera, but she
12. I have two favorite seasons: spring and didn’t check the battery.
fall. 4. The new car was economical and
13. We have practice on the following days: beautiful.
May 18, May 20, and May 21. 5. We went to Janice’s party and brought
14. I had to choose a book about one of these snacks for everyone.
topics: the Civil War, the Industrial
Revolution, or immigration. ASSESS
15. The first three United States presidents 1. Jim hit a line drive to left field and
were the following: George Washington, dashed to first base.
John Adams, and Thomas Jefferson. 2. Marcy and Sarah have blonde hair.
16. I met the following people at the party: 3. Congress passed a bill, but the president
Gary, Patty, and James. vetoed it.
17. The following roads will be closed by 4. The Himalayas are the tallest mountains
today: Dover, Webster, and Bell. in Asia.
5. She applied for the job yesterday and was
hired immediately.
6. Mark was late this morning and missed
the assembly.
7. The heavy rain flooded the highways and
washed out bridges.

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 GRAMMAR WORKSHEET ANSWER KEY

Commas B 1. Spring came, and the birds flew north.

PRACTICE
2. I can hand in a written report on spiders,
or I can give an oral report.
A 1. Jan, Dot, Steve, and Corey are coming to
3. They had been working very hard, but
the party.
they didn’t seem especially tired.
2. I’ve called the guests, bought the food,
4. Usually we study in the morning, and we
and warned the neighbors.
go swimming in the afternoon.
3. I think this will be a loud, enjoyable, and
exciting party.
4. By the way, can you bring plates? Commas and Dashes
5. Sarah walked, ran, and even rode a bike PRACTICE
to get here. 1. The ocean is calm in summer, rough in
B 1. After we eat, we will do the dishes. a day winter, and beautiful all year.
in the city. 2. The lobster boats will return soon, so we
2. With very little money, she left home to are watching for them.
spend a day in the city. 3. Portland, Maine, has many great seafood
3. After he finished school, he went to visit restaurants.
his father at work. 4. The island, which is in the middle of the
4. To win the state championship, the team lake, has a sandy beach.
practiced day and night. 5. I did all the work for the party—she gets
5. Whenever you are ready, we can leave. the credit.
C 1. You were away having a good time, and I 6. Roy—he is always late—will not make it
was here bored and lonely. to the party by 7:00.
2. Mars is closer, but Jupiter appears 7. Kim said, “Let’s row the canoe over
brighter. tomorrow for a swim.”
3. The hours ticked away, but the phone 8. In addition, we will have a picnic.
never rang.
ASSESS
4. I enjoy watching football, but I like
baseball better. A 1. Gregory wants eggs for breakfast, soup
5. It was a superbly written book, and I for lunch, and spaghetti for dinner.
could not put it down. 2. Kate also likes eggs for breakfast, but she
wants a sandwich for lunch.
ASSESS 3. On Monday, October 8, the new cafeteria
A 1. Jerry tried out for the lead, but Tom got opened.
the part. 4. The grey fox, which is a member of the
2. Sandy ran up the block, across the park, dog family, can climb trees.
and around the school. 5. Although mostly active at night, this fox
3. The storm caused great damage and can hunt during the day.
washed away several bridges. [Correct] 6. Carlos said, “I was surprised to see a gray
4. Last Saturday was windy, cold, and rainy. fox on the path.”
5. I stopped by to pick you up, but you had B 1. Barry—if you could believe him—told us
already left. that he would help.
6. We arrived early and stayed late. 2. Math, science, and social studies—all are
[Correct] subjects I enjoy.
7. My shoes are not under my bed, in the 3. C
closet, or under the couch. 4. The teacher would not change the due
8. If it does not rain tomorrow, the roads date—I wonder if begging would help.
will be jammed.
9. Jackie and Katie will be roommates next
year. [Correct]
10. Firs, spruces, and pines are evergreen
trees.
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 GRAMMAR WORKSHEET ANSWER KEY

C On Saturday, July 4, we are having a Common Usage Problems

barbecue. Jane will bring hot dogs, salad, PRACTICE
and corn. Becca—her friends call her
A 1. between; 2. among; 3. among; 4. between
Scatty—will try to remember to bring the
paper goods. Pam said, “I’ll make B 1. as if; 2. as; 3. like; 4. as if
brownies, which are my specialty.” As ASSESS
always, Ty will do the grilling—a good 1. like; 2. between; 3. as; 4. like; 5. among;
thing for all of us. 6. as; 7. among; 8. among; 9. as if;
10. among; 11. between; 12. as if;
Common and Proper Nouns 13. between; 14. as; 15. like
PRACTICE
A 1. proper noun; 2. common noun; Commonly Confused Words:
3. common noun; 4. proper noun than/then, to/too, raise/rise
B 5. Edison-proper noun; inventions-common PRACTICE
noun 1. rising; 2. too, to; 3. then; 4. than, too, to;
6. inventor-common noun; America-proper 5. than; 6. rise; 7. too; 8. raising, rising
noun
7. laboratory-common noun; New Jersey- ASSESS
proper noun A 1. to, raise, rises; 2. than, then; 3. too, to;
8. phonograph-common noun; Europe- 4. raise, then; 5. rise, than
proper noun B 1. to; 2. than; 3. too; 4. than; 5. raise; 6. to;
9. Thomas Edison-proper noun; movies- 7. then; 8. rise; 9. too; 10. to
common noun
C 10. inventions; 11. inventor; 12. laboratory; Comparative and Superlative
13. phonograph; 14. movies; 15. Edison; Forms
16. America; 17. New Jersey; 18. Europe;
19. Thomas Edison PRACTICE
1. worst; 2. taller; 3. friendliest; 4. better; 5.
ASSESS more patiently; 6. fastest
A 1. proper noun; 2. common noun; 3. proper
ASSESS
noun; 4. common noun; 5. proper noun;
6. common noun; 7. common noun A 1. more difficult; 2. more expensive;
3. better; 4. freshest; 5. more
B 8. people-common noun; boats-common
enthusiastically; 6. worst; 7. more
noun; river-common noun9. home-common
optimistically; 8. funnier; 9. farthest;
noun; family-common noun; Buckingham
10. colder
Palace-proper noun 10. Queen Elizabeth-
proper noun; Windsor Castle-proper noun; B 1. Which was harder for you to learn, skiing
family-common noun11. castles-common or skating?
noun; England-proper noun 12. stations- 2. Correct
common noun; trains-common noun; 3. Of the three pitchers on the team, Julio is
Victoria Station-proper noun13. Fleet the most accurate.
Street-proper noun; destination- common 4. I carefully researched several types of
noun; travelers-common noun;14. People- computers and then bought the one liked
common noun; tea-common noun; the most.
afternoon-common noun; 15. citizens- 5. Correct
common noun; nations-common noun;
traditions- common noun; English-proper
noun

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 GRAMMAR WORKSHEET ANSWER KEY

Complex and Compound-Complex B 1. I went snowboarding and sprained my

Sentences ankle.
2. The waves crested and broke against the
PRACTICE
rocks.
A 1. C; When
3. The ring glistened and glimmered in the
2. C-C; which ; and sun.
3. C; Because 4. The tourist stopped and watched the
4. C-C; that ; and street performer.
5. C; Before 5. Christopher wrote and directed the play.
B Sample Answers: 6. The lettuce wilted and drooped on the
1. if you will clean up counter.
2. which are more exciting
ASSESS
3. After I finish my homework
A 1. Felix and Rex went to the circus in town.
ASSESS compound subject
A 1. C; When 2. They saw many clowns and ate a lot of
popcorn. compound predicate
2. C-C; and ; because
3. Lions and tigers are ferocious animals.
3. C-C; who ; but compound subject
4. C; Before 4. The homeowner ordered new rugs and
5. C-C; that ; but threw out her old rugs. compound
6. C; When predicate
7. C-C; or ; that 5. I bought a bicycle and rode it to school.
compound predicate
B Sample Answers:
6. I collected cans and brought them to the
1. if it rains
recycling center. compound predicate
2. which is more mellow
7. Blackberries and raspberries grow by the
3. because it hasn’t rained
house. compound subject
C Sample Answers:
B Student responses should include correct
1. and the days get cool
use of compound subjects and compound
2. but it was too small
predicates as well as logic.
3. or I will

Compound Subjects and Conjunctions

Predicates PRACTICE
Student responses may vary, but they
PRACTICE
should reflect correct usage of conjunctions
A 1. Baseball and football are my favorite to combine sentences.
sports.
ASSESS
2. Hikers and mountain bikers often share
the same trail. A Student paragraphs should reflect the
3. The rain and wind caused flood damage. correct usage of conjunctions to combine
4. Doors and windows need to be ordered sentences.
for the house. B 1. although; 2. or, and; 3. because, and;
5. Trout and pike are in the lake. 4. since, because; 5. but
6. Canoes and rowboats can be rented by
the hour.
7. Sandstone and shale are found in our
neighborhood.
8. Books and tapes are available at the
library.

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 GRAMMAR WORKSHEET ANSWER KEY

Consistent Verb Tenses Coordinating Conjunctions in

PRACTICE Compound Sentences
1. have wondered; 2. have concluded; PRACTICE
3. have arrived; 4. had talked; A 1. The poor spider could not move fast, for
5. had answered; 6. had visited; it had only seven legs instead of eight.
7. had lived; 8. have learned 2. Do you want to leave tomorrow, or
would you prefer to wait until Tuesday?
ASSESS
3. Nellie listens only to classical music, but
A 1. D; 2. B; 3. A; 4. C; 5. B; 6. D Paula prefers rock.
B 1. has exercised; 2. will have finished; 4. The Hatfields have invited us to their
3. had walked; 4. has won; 5. has finished party, and we look forward to attending.
B Sample Answers:
Coordinating Conjunctions 1. We arrived early at the airport, but
PRACTICE Randall was somewhat delayed.
A 1. and; 2. but; 3. and; 4. or; 5. and; 6. for; 2. I prefer documentaries on television, and
B 1. and; 2. or; 3. nor; 4. so; 5. yet; 6. and; my brother often joins me in watching
them.
ASSESS 3. There is something wrong with the oven,
so the turkey is not yet thoroughly
A bold indicates circled answers
cooked.
1. Alex and Ethan live in the village.
4. We can get the information at the library,
2. I exercise before breakfast or before
or we may find it on the Internet.
dinner.
3. We had carrots and peas with our meal. ASSESS
4. I would like to bake a cake, but I am A 1. Trish wants to become a professional
missing a few ingredients. musician, but Elena would like to open
5. I will be late coming home from school, an arts supply store.
for I have to go the library.
2. I have always loved outdoor sports, and I
6. You have a choice of vanilla, strawberry,
often play softball and lacrosse.
or chocolate ice cream.
7. The weather report promised blue skies 3. The negotiations reached a stalemate, for
and no rain. each side refused to compromise.
8. Ellen drew a picture of horses and lamas. 4. A home safe is useful, but extremely
9. I forgot to get milk and sugar at the valuable papers should be kept in a bank
grocery. vault.
10. Cats and dogs do not always fight when 5. The governor had not seen the news
living in the same house. reports, so he could not comment in
B 1. and; 2. but; 3. and; 4. but; 5. or; 6. for; detail.
7. yet; 8. and B Sample Answers:
1. Sue loves to bake peach cobbler, but her
real specialty is lemon meringue pie.
2. We plan to visit France and Italy, and
then we hope to explore Austria and
Germany.
3. I don’t like many of the recent science
fiction movies, nor did I care for some of
the earlier ones.
4. There was a signal problem, and the
commuter train had to stop.

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 GRAMMAR WORKSHEET ANSWER KEY

Correct Use of Adjectives and ASSESS

Adverbs A 1. The director will cast (either) a star (or) a
complete unknown.
PRACTICE
2. (Just as) the alarm clock rang, (so) did the
A 1. I ate only a little bowl of ice cream. telephone.
2. I played badly at the tennis tournament. 3. The had to decide (whether) to put a stop
3. I just made a huge birthday cake. sign (or) a traffic light at the corner.
B 1. uncertain; 2. bad; 3. angry; 4. heavily; 4. Ronald Reagan was (not only) a U.S.
5. cautiously president (but also) an actor.
5. (Neither) the House (nor) the Senate will
ASSESS
pass the bill.
A 1. I wanted badly to play ball.; 2. Luis asked 6. The Democrats will hold their convention
fewer questions than Shelia.; 3. correct; in (either) Denver or Miami.
4. correct; 5. Sam ate only dinner because 7. Tell me (whether) you want to take the
she missed lunch. bus (or) go by car.
B 1. distinctly; 2. nervously; 3. frantic; 8. Ada is (not only) an excellent singer (but
4. loudly; 5. recklessly; 6. delicious; also) an accomplished pianist.
7. spicy 9. You don’t need a jacket because it is
(neither) cold (nor) rainy.
Correct Use of Pronoun Case 10. (Just as) the holidays arrived, (so) did the
PRACTICE
sales.
1. I; 2. her; 3. they; 4. He; 5. me; 6. them; B Sample Answers:
7. they; 8. her 9. he; 10. I; 11. me; 12. him; 1. The election will be not only close but
13. her; 14. him; 15. I also important.
2. This year, Thanksgiving dinner will be
ASSESS either at our house or at Aunt Edna’s.
A 1. I; 2. I; 3. I; 4. she; 5. I; 6. she; 7. I; 3. The lead musician neither sings nor plays
8. him; 9. We; 10. he very well.
B 1. She; 2. her; 3. them; 4. me; 5. I; 6. me 4. Tell me whether you want go out Friday
night or Saturday.
Correlative Conjunctions
Creating Sentence Variety
PRACTICE
PRACTICE
A 1. We don’t know (whether) to go to a
movie (or) watch a DVD at home. A 1. By the age of nine, Maxine Hong
2. Carla is (neither) an honest person (nor) a Kingston had mastered English.
dependable one. 2. Soon she began to earn straight A’s in
3. (Just) as the drought came, (so) did the school.
rains. B 1. Into the sunset strolled the girl and her
4. (Either) the mayor will fulfill his dog.
promises, (or) he will not be reelected. 2. Right there is the ticket for your trip.
5. Alaska is (not only) large (but also)
beautiful. ASSESS

B Sample Answers: A 1. Injured, the star player had to leave the

1. We are either going to Mexican game.
restaurant or the pizza parlor. 2. Finally, Fido has learned to lie down on
2. He is neither a good batter nor a good command.
fielder. 3. During rehearsals, most of the students
3. We not only had a great time but we also remained serious.
met interesting people.

© by Savvas Learning Company LLC. All Rights Reserved. 10

 GRAMMAR WORKSHEET ANSWER KEY

4. Racing down the field, Fred caught the 8. prettier, prettiest

pass just in time. 9. sadder, saddest
5. After several seconds, a small whimper 10. more, most
broke the silence. B 1. A king loved one of his daughters most
B 1. Toward the subway platform hurried the of all.
crowd. 2. The best pie would win the contest.
2. Over there is the Space Needle. 3. The judge needed to determine which
3. Here are most of the ingredients for the runner ran farther than the other.
tamales. 4. Which vegetable do you like more:
4. From the dark valley arose a horrified potatoes or beans?
shriek. 5. The least used bicycle had new tires.

Degrees of Adjectives Degrees of Adverbs

PRACTICE PRACTICE
1. colder, coldest 1. more quickly, most quickly
2. taller, tallest 2. more loudly, most loudly
3. brighter, brightest 3. more easily, most easily
4. more graceful, most graceful 4. more seriously, most seriously
5. younger, youngest 5. earlier, earliest
6. heavier, heaviest 6. more carefully, most carefully
7. more polite, most polite 7. more awkwardly, most awkwardly
8. more courteous, most courteous 8. more completely, most completely
9. narrower, narrowest 9. more patiently, most patiently
10. tastier, tastiest 10. more boldly, most boldly

ASSESS ASSESS
A 1. largest; 2. creepiest; 3. larger; 4. drier; 1. more grumpily, most grumpily
5. hardier 2. gracefully, most gracefully
B 1. best; 2. more: 3. less; 4. least; 5. worse; 3. likely, more likely
6. louder; 7. longer; 8. brightest; 9. most; 4. reasonably, most reasonably
10. loudest 5. louder, loudest
6. neatly, more neatly
7. clearly, most clearly
Degrees of Adjectives and 8. more truthfully, most truthfully
Adverbs 9. clumsily, more clumsily
PRACTICE 10. farther, farthest
1. quickly, more quickly, most quickly;
2. cold, colder, coldest; 3. tall, taller, tallest; Direct and Indirect Objects
4. bright, brighter, brightest;
PRACTICE
5. grumpily, more grumpily, most grumpily
A 1. performers; 2. lanes; 3. pop-up
ASSESS 4. watermelon; 5. case; 6. flowers
A 1. more steadily, most steadily B 1. Nick; 2. Rosie; 3. troops; 4. employees
2. more beautiful, most beautiful 5. temple; 6. him
3. more tan, tannest
4. more gracefully, most gracefully ASSESS
5. younger, youngest A 1. woman; 2. cabin; 3. canoe; 4. mind
6. more carefully, most carefully 5. skates; 6. pie; 7. brother; 8. door
7. spicier, spiciest B 1. IO; 2. IO; 3. DO; 4. IO; 5. DO; 6. IO

© by Savvas Learning Company LLC. All Rights Reserved. 11

 GRAMMAR WORKSHEET ANSWER KEY

Double Negatives Fragments and Run-on Sentences

PRACTICE PRACTICE
A 1. any; 2. anything; 3. any; 4. anything; A 1. F; 2. F; 3. S
5. any; 6. anybody; 7. any B Sample Answers:
B 1. The poor man has no shoes. The poor 1. The new store is located on the corner.
man doesn’t have any shoes. 2. By the time the show ended, the rain had
2. We are going nowhere this summer.We stopped.
aren’t going anywhere this summer. 3. We saw the toad hopping in the grass.
3. Why will you have nothing to do with C Sample answers:
him? Why won’t you have anything to do 1. The rain has stopped, but the trees are
with him? still wet.
4. Joan never reads anything but books 2. We painted the walls blue. We painted
about horses. Joan reads nothing but the ceiling white.
books about horses.
ASSESS
ASSESS A 1. F; 2. F; 3. S
A 1. will; 2. ever; 3. could; 4. any; B Sample Answers:
5. anything; 6. don’t; 7. ever 1. I like staying up past 11:00 P.M. to watch
B 1. Do nothing until you receive further the talk shows.
instructions.Don’t do anything until you 2. Our family watches football on the
receive further instructions. weekend.
2. There is no one on our team who plays as 3. correct
well as James.There isn’t anyone on our 4. Hockey playoffs begin tomorrow at 4:00
team who plays as well as James. P.M.
3. Bill can’t find any of his original drafts of C Sample Answers:
the story. Bill can find none of his 1. Our friends came over. Some brought
original drafts of the story. refreshments.
4. They won’t allow anyone in until 7:45 2. Amy made the popcorn, and Manuel
P.M. They will allow no one in until 7:45 poured the drinks.
P.M. 3. I started the movie, but everyone kept
talking.
Forms of Plural Nouns
PRACTICE Gerunds
A 1. girls; 2. glasses; 3. ponies; 4. tomatoes; PRACTICE
5. elves; 6. teeth; 7. birches; 8. foxes; A 1. volunteering; 2. Jousting; 3. Hunting;
9. lashes; 10. monkeys; 11. sheep; 4. Raking; 5. Decorating; 6. listening;
12. hobbies 7. studying
B 13. persons, shadows; 14. Centuries, B 1. Jogging; subject2. practicing; object of a
children; 15. men, woman; 16. Guesses, preposition 3. walking; direct object
days; 17. Clocks, watches
ASSESS
ASSESS
A 1. flying; 2. dancing; 3. drawing
A 1. potatoes; 2. chiefs; 3. branches; 4. snowboarding
4. valleys; 5. boxes
B 1. writing; predicate noun 2. leaving; object
B 1. books; 2. bunches; 3. feet; 4. allergies; of a preposition 3. waiting; direct object
5. thieves 6. aluminum; 7. halves; 4. Quitting; subject
8. spaghetti; 9. lunchboxes; 10. heroes
C 1. Zoos, cities, animals; 2. Foxes, monkeys,
ropes; 3. Sea lions, seals, pools

© by Savvas Learning Company LLC. All Rights Reserved. 12

 GRAMMAR WORKSHEET ANSWER KEY

C Sample answers: 6. To argue with Neil; to ask for trouble

1. My brother’s summer job is landscaping. 7. to open a new office
2. Teaching is a very honorable and 8. to see the memorial
important profession. 9. to hear from the voters
3. Rebecca tried asking, but no one seemed 10. to play in the finals
to know the address for the restaurant. B Sample Answers:
1. It is important to help others.
Independent and Subordinate 2. Uncle Simon’s dream is to travel across
Clauses Africa.
3. The contractors were unable to finish the
PRACTICE
job on time.
A 1. IND; 2. NC; 3. SUB; 4. SUB; 5. IND; 4. Janice decided it was time to relax in the
6. NC; 7. IND; 8. SUB; 9. SUB; 10. NC pool.
ASSESS
5. Sam’s grandmother taught him how to set
the table.
A 1. SUB; 2. IND; 3. IND; 4. SUB; 5. IND
B 1. You will see warning lights
2. that tells the history of our state Introductory Phrases and Clauses
3. The science experiment was confusing. PRACTICE
4. When intermission was over A 1. In an instant, Marcos understood the
5. we did not go shopping last night problem.
C Sample answers: 2. Standing completely still, Jo listened to
1. He showed me the ditch. the rustling leaves.
2. Jean performed well at the concert. B 1. Whenever her family goes camping, Jan
3. We took a long walk. invites me along.
4. Here is the e-mail. 2. To stay cool, the dog dug a hole in the
5. I would hire more police officers. shade of the back porch. or In the shade
of the back porch, the dog dug a hole to
Infinitives and Infinitive Phrases stay cool.
PRACTICE ASSESS
A 1. to wait here for Mary A 1. Inspired by Jack London’s story, Max
2. to win decided to write his own survival story.
3. to be sure 2. Throughout his youth, Jack London
4. To accept stolen goods endured may hardships.
5. to get seats near the stage 3. Although he spent many hours working
6. to stay on the team for one more year at unskilled jobs, young Jack London still
B 1. to beat; ADJ found time to read.
2. to eat; ADJ 4. Because he had struggled himself, Jack
3. to learn; ADV London had sympathy for the working
4. to help; ADV class.
5. to play; noun 5. After he was arrested for vagrancy,
London decided to educate himself.
ASSESS 6. Hoping to find gold and become rich,
A 1. To plan a successful vacation London traveled to the Alaskan Yukon.
2. to be ill 7. To turn his Alaskan adventure into books,
3. to recommend new products he worked up to fifteen hours a day.
4. To fish for trout B 1. In a cleaning near the riverbank, we set
5. to live in this community up camp.
2. Since we knew the wilderness could be
dangerous, we always traveled in groups.

© by Savvas Learning Company LLC. All Rights Reserved. 13

 GRAMMAR WORKSHEET ANSWER KEY

Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers 4. The innkeepers offered them a cozy

PRACTICE
room, a map of local attractions, and a
cup of tea.
A Words or phrases students are to
5. The city can disturb some people with its
underline are followed by the revised
crowds, its confusion, and its noise.
sentences.
6. My uncle’s ambition was to retire and to
1. at the information desk; The librarian at
live a life of leisure.
the information desk will show you
books about Milton. B Sample answers:
2. almost; Almost every student has read 1. The mayoral candidate is intelligent,
something written by Milton. compassionate, and trustworthy.
3. in class; We learned in class that Milton 2. Roxanne watched the landscapers mow
was married three times or In class, we the lawn, rake the leaves, and put down
learned . . . grass seed.
3. Correct
B Answers may vary slightly.
4. Gymnastics develops balance, poise, and
1. Reading Milton’s sonnets, I found the
self-confidence.
footnotes helpful.
2. Milton had a conflict with a tutor and was ASSESS
expelled from school. A 1. to lower taxes, to improve education, and
3. The poet was married to Mary Powell, to fix roads
and her entire family moved into his 2. wrapping presents and tying ribbons
home. 3. typed her report, printed it out, and bound
ASSESS
it
4. Shouting and splashing
A 1. B; 2. A; 3. A
5. neither a credible plot no effective
B Answers may vary slightly. characterization
1. Reserved, Milton was not very popular 6. to accept a difficult challenge and to
whilein school. succeed on their quest
2. Regarded as one of England’s greatest 7. a march, an overture, and a full-length
poets, Milton wrote the sonnets we symphony
studied last week. 8. purchase the ingredients, bake the
3. Milton’s wife, who was seventeen when cookies, and prepare the pies
they married, soon returned to her family. 9. moved around the room, explored under
4. Our teacher said that Milton, in spite of the furniture, and then jumped on the
his gentle appearance, was a willful windowsill
student.
B 1. Eileen liked visiting her neighbors and
5. Sonnets, with their fourteen lines, are not
being involved in the community.
Milton’s most well known work.
2. Mr. Hanlon loves to bake, to sew, and to
watch television.
Parallel Structures 3. Herb brought the car because it was
PRACTICE stylish and because it was well priced.
A 1. Eddie decided to wash his truck, to 4. The candidate endorsed the sale of state
change the oil, and to repair the broken bonds, the establishment of a new state
tail light. park, and a cut in property taxes.
2. Nicky knows how to plan, how to take 5. Anna enjoyed her job because of the
notes, and how to list her sources. opportunities it offers, the fringe benefits
3. Lydia decided not only to take a leave of she receives, and the good salary she
absence but also to cut off all forms of earns.
communication.

© by Savvas Learning Company LLC. All Rights Reserved. 14

 GRAMMAR WORKSHEET ANSWER KEY

Parallelism Participial Phrases

PRACTICE PRACTICE
1. Correct A (Note: students circled words are in
2. We will discuss Sandy’s proposal and italics.)
consider alternate plans. 1. Any car parked illegally will be towed
3. Many gases are invisible, colorless, and immediately.
tasteless. 2. Working hard for a year, Gladys saved
4. Correct enough money for a cruise.
5. Correct 3. The family attended a concert held at
6. Her aim was teaching college English or Stanley Park.
becoming a journalist. 4. Dad, getting ready for the Memorial Day
7. Eduardo’s speech was tiresome, parade, put on his old uniform.
inaccurate, and annoying to a lot of B 1. Filled with confidence, the players took
people. the field.
2. Sitting near the stream, Mary saw frogs
ASSESS
on the lily pads.
1. B; 2. C; 3. C; 4. A
3. Lost in the desert for hours, Liv nearly
died of thirst.
Participles as Adjectives
PRACTICE ASSESS

A 1. fencing (class); exciting (duels); A 1. P; 2. No; 3. P; 4. No; 5. P; 6. P

experienced (students) B 1. Installing a traffic light, the town hoped
2. lost (children); identifying (marks) to reduce accidents at that corner.
3. soaked (grass); gleaming (wall) 2. The music recorded on that CD
4. fatigued (travelers); inviting (bed); made represents a mix of artists.
(bed) 3. The students playing in the jazz band
5. wandering (cat); locked (door) were talented musicians.
B 1. making; made 4. The swimmer, gasping for breath, was
2. breaking; broken pulled from the churning water.
3. forgetting; forgotten 5. Tom’s lost wallet was returned at the end
4. losing; lost of the week.
6. Opening the window, Jessica let in the
ASSESS cool air.
1. broken; chattering C 1. Looking through the catalog, Eli found
2. missing; forgotten the jacket he wanted.
3. quavering; terrified; poised 2. Caught on video, the thief could not deny
4. doomed; hypnotizing her guilt.
5. driven; haunted; stunning; intriguing; 3. Approaching the microphone, the speaker
teeming; shattered seemed nervous.
B Students’ passages should contain at least
three participles appropriately used as Participles and Gerunds
adjectives and following the correct form.
PRACTICE
The participles should be underlined, and
Sample answers:
the nouns or pronouns they modify should
1. Frightened by the cat, the bird flew away.
be circled.
2. Sitting by the river, we watched the calm
waters.
3. Looking around the room, I noticed
something missing.

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 GRAMMAR WORKSHEET ANSWER KEY

4. Serving meals at the diner was Pat’s part- ASSESS

time job. A 1. present perfect, have taken; 2. future
5. The lady standing on the corner is perfect, will have attended; 3. present
waiting for the bus. perfect, has complimented; 4. present
perfect, has improved; 5. present perfect,
ASSESS have practiced; 6. future perfect, will have
A 1. barking; 2. cracked; 3. darkened; raced; 7. past perfect, had swum; 8. future
4. excited perfect, will have taken
B 1. Laughing with glee; 2. Motivated by the B 1. I have wondered about a life without
prizes; 3. Being a runner; 4. hopping in the friends.
one- leg race; 5. exhausted from their efforts 2. Now I have concluded it is no life at all.
C 1. touring; 2. Visiting; 3. Studying; 3. Until yesterday, I had talked to no one for
4. lecturing thirty days.
D 1. climbing up ropes; 2. Sliding down 4. I had visited no one.
afterward; 3. tumbling next month; 4. lifting 5. I finally have learned what friendship
in the weight room; 5. Working out means.
regularly
Personal and Possessive
Past and Present Perfect Verb Pronouns
Tenses PRACTICE
PRACTICE A 1. she, personal, 2. your, possessive;
1. studied, past; 2. have decided, pres. 3. him, personal, 4. My, possessive;
perfect; 3. Have . . . been, pres. perfect; 5. them, personal
4. went, past;5. has remained, pres. perfect; B 1. his; 2. they; 3. her; 4. your; 5. them
6. explored, past; 7. have . . . gone, pres.
perfect; 8. have existed, present perfect; ASSESS
9. opened, past; 10. have given, pres. A 1. their, possessive; 2. her, possessive;
perfect 3. it, personal; 4. his, possessive; 5. you,
personal; 6. him, personal; 7. they, personal
ASSESS
B 1. me, personal; 2. their, possessive; 3. your,
A 1. realized; 2. have been, was; 3. knew, possessive; 4. her, personal; 5. him,
wrote; 4. lent, was; 5. rejected, have been personal; 6. her, possessive; 7. her, personal
admired; 6. met; 7. went, discovered
B 1. has had; 2. was; 3. starred, cost; 4. have Personal Pronouns
repeated; 5. has produced
PRACTICE
A 1. I, my, you; 2. We, yours, me; 3. your, his;
Perfect Tenses
4. I, it, mine, my; 5. You, it, us; 6. Its, I,
PRACTICE your, it; 7. she, we, our; 8. you, our; 9. you,
1. present perfect, have heard; I, him, his; 10. They, they, their
2. past perfect, had thought; 3. future B 1. They watched Denise do her first magic
perfect, will have read;4. past perfect, had trick. friends, Denise; 2. She started it by
been; 5. present perfect, have been; 6. past borrowing Carmen’s straw hat. Denise,
perfect, had sunk; 7. present perfect, have trick; 3. “What are you going to do with my
looked; hat?” she asked. Denise, Carmen, Carmen;
8. future perfect, will have searched; 4. Denise took off the ribbon and cut it into
9. future perfect, will have discovered; several pieces. Ribbon; 5. She told Carmen
10. present perfect, has found to put them into the hat and shake it.
Denise, pieces, hat

© by Savvas Learning Company LLC. All Rights Reserved. 16

 GRAMMAR WORKSHEET ANSWER KEY

ASSESS 5. (during the Stone Age)

A 1. their; 2. his; 3. you; 4. his; 5. her; 6. their; 6. (down the mountain)
7. their; 8. yours; 9. his; 10. its 7. (through Spain and Italy)
B 1. his; 2. my; 3. her; 4. its; 5. their; 6. his; 8. (During our last visit)
7. their; 8. her; 9. his; 10. her 9. (at a fancy restaurant)
10. (inside the music room)
Possessive Nouns
PRACTICE
Principal Parts of Regular Verbs
A 1. library’s-singular; 2. children’s-plural; PRACTICE
3. adult’s-plural; 4. books’-plural; 1. present, lives; 2. past, waited; 3. present
5. book’s- singular; 6. author’s-singular; participle, is visiting; 4. present participle,
7. town’s-singular are listening; 5. past participle, had paused;
6. past participle, has drawn; 7. past,
B 8. laboratory’s; 9. chemists’;
coached; 8. past participle, had
10. computer’s; 11. men’s; 12. day’s;
remembered; 9. present participle, are
13. chemist’s
planning; 10. present, play
ASSESS
ASSESS
A 1. years, Alaska’s; 2. mines’, miners;
A 1. past, filled; 2. present participle, is
3. miners, inhabitants, territory’s; 4. states
holding; 3. present participle, is enrolling;
B 5. ocean’s; 6. waves; 7. chairs;
4. past participle, have announced;
8. passengers’; 9. ship’s; 10. cabins;
5. present; shrinks; 6. present, prepares;
11. Jones’s; 12. engines; 13. navigators;
7. past participle, had arrived; 8. present
14. sun’s
participle, are planning; 9. present, drives;
10. present participle, am calling
Prepositions and Prepositional B 1. lived; 2. discussing; 3. exercise;
Phrases 4. agreed; 5. smiled; 6. performed;
PRACTICE 7. attempting;8. promised; 9. practicing; 10.
A 1. for; 2. over; 3. on; 4. behind; 5. without; suggesting
6. about; 7. around
B (Note: the object is in italics) Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement
1. (over the fence) PRACTICE
2. (into the room) A 1. Visitors; 2. government; 3. states;
3. (above the stage) 4. woman; 5. Vermonters; 6. Tim and Joel;
4. (beneath the sea) 7. mountains; 8. Ms. Brockman
5. (near the shore)
B 1. their–mountains; 2. it–monument;
6. (in the room)
3. she– tourist; 4. he–tourist; 5. their–
7. (of my favorite sports)
Vermonters; 6. I–visitor; 7. It–state;
ASSESS
ASSESS
Sample answers:
A 1. his; 2. them; 3. They; 4. our; 5. their;
A 1. over; 2. into; 3. within; 4. underneath; 6. His
5. after; 6. around; 7. under; 8. inside;
B 7. Mr. Garcia; 8. seeds; 9. birds;
9. through; 10. during
10. Mrs. Suzuki; 11. Mr. Garcia
B (Note: the object is in italics)
C 12. it; 13. his; 14. it; 15. he; 16. their
1. (from its cage)
2. (behind the fence)
3. (across the street)
4. (after lunch)

© by Savvas Learning Company LLC. All Rights Reserved. 17

 GRAMMAR WORKSHEET ANSWER KEY

Pronouns in Incomplete ASSESS

Construction 1. Beth and I, the students with the highest
grades, have applied to Central
PRACTICE
University.
A 1. I; 2. I; 3. us; 4. them; 5. they
2. My friends, Will and she, are going with
B 1. This violinist is more talented than we me on the trip.
are. 3. Derek, who always lends a hand, was a
2. We feel that we deserve a better grade great help to us visitors.
than he does. 4. We would like a send a card to our
3. The old photos were more meaningful to cousins, Zach and her.
Suzanne than they were to him. 5. Discounts are irresistible to us bargain
4. Justine will earn more money this year shoppers.
than we will. 6. Two cat owners, Ms. Hollis and he, won
5. Teresa was as enthusiastic as we were. best-in-show honors.
7. Sore joints are common among us
ASSESS
distance runners.
A 1. I; 2. we; 3. them; 4. she; 5. I
8. Portia enjoyed the scenery, but it did not
B 1. No one appreciates a well-told story more particularly interest the other tourists,
than I do, Sandra and them.
2. Are you as accurate as she is in 9. We cartoon lovers, Randall and I, love
identifying mistakes in punctuation? the comic strip “Peanuts.”
3. In passing that tough exam, no one will 10. The computer experts, Inez and she, will
have a more difficult task than they will. arrive in half an hour.
4. Tim is a master carpenter, and no one
builds houses better than he does.
5. When we heard the news, Abigail was
Punctuating a Quotation Within a
surprised, but no one was more Quotation
astonished than I was. PRACTICE
A 1. A; 2. B; 3 C
Pronouns in Appositives B 1. “He yelled, ‘Fire!’” Samantha observed.
PRACTICE
“Unfortunately, there was no fire.”
1. We residents of Buffalo are proud of our 2. “I asked him, ‘When are you going?’”
city. Jerry explained.
2. Two students, she and Adam, have been ASSESS
chosen to speak at commencement.
A 1. A; 2. B; 3. C; 4. A
3. Careful research had to be done by us
debaters. B “She screamed, ‘Help!’” Leona recalled.
4. For us residents of Florida, the “However, she really needed little help.”
gubernatorial election is crucial. “I was very nervous,” Bob confessed, “but I
5. The audience, consisting of us comedy asked her, ‘Will you go out tonight?’”
lovers, loudly applauded the performers. “There are three parts to the poem ‘Love’:
6. The co-captains, Sally and I, planned our two quatrains and a couplet,” Babs said.
team’s strategy carefully. correct

© by Savvas Learning Company LLC. All Rights Reserved. 18

 GRAMMAR WORKSHEET ANSWER KEY

Relative Pronouns ASSESS

A 1. named Zorro; cat
PRACTICE
2. lasting several hours; contest
A 1. which; 2. who; 3. who; 4. who; 5. which;
3. switching on his flashlight; Ian
6. that; 7. whose
4. first invented in India; chess
B (Note: the modified word is in italics) 5. having shed their leaves; birch trees
1. someone who lives nearby 6. marked with a discount sticker; camera
2. writer whose work I admire
B 1. The students expecting the most
3. painting that hung on the wall
favorable outcome were Randy and
4. pen pal who lives in Australia
Camille.
5. sport that is now becoming very popular
2. Louise, turning the book’s pages slowly,
ASSESS admired the color illustrations.
3. That painting, painstakingly copied from
A 1. that; 2. which; 3. who; 4. who; 5. that;
the original, is an excellent reproduction.
6. that; 7. who; 8. who; 9. who; 10. who
4. The drinks most widely preferred by my
B (Note: the modified word is in italics)
teammates are wholesome juices.
1. book that you ordered
5. Her computer, equipped with wireless
2. people who founded Plymouth Colony in
broadband Internet access, was the envy
Massachusetts
of her friends.
3. car that was bright red
6. His diaries, carefully maintained each day
4. Lorraine Hansberry, who wrote A Raisin
of the expedition, furnish a wealth of
in the Sun
information.
5. girl, whom we chose

Revising Incorrect Use of

Restrictive and Nonrestrictive
Commas
Participial Phrases
PRACTICE
PRACTICE
A 1. The campers were hot and tired, for they
A 1. fumbling in her purse; Sheila
had been hiking all day.
2. faced with low ratings in the polls;
2. The doctor examined the patient
governor
carefully, but she did not say a word.
3. authorized by her advisory committee;
3. Kevin is not very heavy but is the best
plans
football player on the team. [Correct]
4. writing every day; I
4. An Arabian stallion is a fast, beautiful
5. ravaged by fire; building
horse.
B 1. The stars shown on the original United 5. The long, dark pathway led to a grim,
States flag numbered thirteen. ruined house.
2. Those scholarships, offered by the 6. Jack hit a line drive and dashed for first
university since 1950, are intended for base. [Correct]
promising architects. 7. Elephants are lazy, friendly, and good-
3. These tomatoes, grown organically, are natured.
the most expensive. 8. Everyone wondered who had been in the
4. The novels that I most enjoy reading are house, what he had wanted, and where he
science fiction. had gone.
5. The road less traveled is the one that the 9. Cathy likes tennis and golf but doesn’t
speaker in Robert Frost’s poem says he like softball. [Correct]
took. 10. We had eaten everything in the
refrigerator, but we were still hungry.

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 GRAMMAR WORKSHEET ANSWER KEY

B Val was almost ready to give up, but she 5. The writer opened her book and started to
finally, spotted a light in the distance. She read one of her stories to the audience.
had been lost, in the woods for hours, yet [Correct]
she had kept moving. The day had started 6. The doctor recommended plenty of
out beautifully, and it had seemed like a liquids, extra rest, and a light diet.
good idea to go for a hike. Valerie was a 7. You can use this free ticket for yourself,
person, who always tried to plan ahead. She or you can give it to a friend.
had put some provisions in a backpack, for 8. Several tired hikers straggled back to
she wanted to be prepared for a hike of camp. [Correct]
several hours. She had not counted on being 9. Dad has several old, valuable stamps in
out, for so long. Since she used up her his collection.
supplies hours ago, now she was hungry, 10. I eat balanced meals, take vitamins, and
and thirsty. The distant light was a signal get enough sleep.
that all would be well, and Valerie hurried
toward it. Sentence Fragments
ASSESS PRACTICE
A 1. Bike riding, brisk walking, and A 1. F; 2. F; 3. S; 4. F; 5. S
swimming are good forms of exercise. B Sample answers:
2. The victims of the hurricane were 1. The new store is located on the corner.
stunned, for they had lost everything. 2. By the time the show ended, the rain had
3. Crabs and lobsters are both shellfish. stopped.
[Correct] 3. We saw the toad hopping in the grass.
4. The quiet, obedient dog is a pleasure to 4. My uncle’s flight arrived early this
be around. morning.
5. The pilot boarded the plane, checked her 5. We did not lend Joe money because they
instruments, and prepared for takeoff. had warned us not to.
6. The tornado took a heavy toll in lives and
property. [Correct] ASSESS
7. Susan wanted to explore the cave, but her A 1. F; 2. F; 3. S; 4. S; 5. F
parents had forbidden it. B Sample answers:
8. He and his wife skied in the Alps and 1. I like staying up past 11:00 P.M. to watch
enjoyed it very much. [Correct] the talk shows.
9. We had lessons in swimming, canoeing, 2. Our family watches football on the
and archery. weekend.
10. The radio announcer warned of the storm, 3. correct
but no one paid any attention. 4. Hockey playoffs begin tomorrow at 4:00
B 1. Mowing a lawn on such a hot, hazy, P.M.
humid day was no fun. 5. The Crown Jewels of England are kept in
2. Sandy folded the clean laundry, and I the Tower of London.
placed it in a basket. 6. correct
3. The teacher repeated the directions, but I 7. Robert has at last reached his dream of
was still confused. working in Paris as a chef.
4. We found seaweed in the water, on the
sand, and under the rocks.

© by Savvas Learning Company LLC. All Rights Reserved. 20

 GRAMMAR WORKSHEET ANSWER KEY

Sentence Functions and Sentence Structure and Length

Endmarks PRACTICE
PRACTICE A 1. Wherever they looked, the divers saw
A 1. What are you doing this afternoon? colorful fish.
2. I’m cleaning my room and vacuuming 2. Surprised were they to find an old sea
the rug. chest.
3. How long will it take you? 3. The treasure they would divide among
4. It’s really a mess this time. themselves.
5. Well, hurry up! B Sample Answers:
6. It may take me all afternoon. The discovery of the treasure made the
B 1. I; Is that a bear over there in the park? evening news. Suddenly, the divers became
2. D; That’s a black bear beyond the famous. Some people even declared that
evergreens. they were the rightful owners of the
3. E; Oh, how friendly he looks! treasure.
4. Im; Don’t go near him or you may be
sorry. ASSESS
5. D; He may not be so friendly up close. A 1. The nuts Ann gave to her brother.
6. Im; Please take a picture of him for our 2. The chocolates she saved for herself.
album. 3. The most delicious were the caramel-
filled, and she ate them first.
ASSESS 4. If the whole box were filled with
A 1. I wanted you to go to the movies with caramel-filled chocolates, Ann would be
me. happy.
2. I’d like to, but I can’t finish doing my 5. Before the evening was over, Ann’s
chores in time. brother had finished the nuts.
3. Let me come over and help you. B Sample answers:
4. I couldn’t ask you to do that. 1. When volcanoes erupt, lava streams
5. I’ll come right over on my bike. down the mountainside, and nearby
6. Do you mean it? residents flee.
7. Of course I do! 2. When we went to Italy, we visited the
8. I’ll see you soon. ruins of the ancient city of Pompeii. The
B 1. I; How does the homing pigeon find its city was destroyed during an eruption of
way home? the volcano Mount Vesuvius in A.D. 79.
2. D; I read an interesting magazine article However, the molten lava preserved
about pigeons. many of the buildings.
3. Im; Read this article if you want to learn
about them. Subject and Verb Agreement
4. I; Did you know that pigeons can see
PRACTICE
special light rays?
1. are; 2. seem; 3. have; 4. was; 5. is;
5. D; These light rays are invisible to
6. agree; 7. make; 8. are; 9. does; 10. was
humans.
6. D; Pigeons use their vision to find the ASSESS
sun’s position. A 1. were; 2. are; 3. was; 4. shovels; 5. is;
7. E; How remarkable that pigeons can do 6. shine; 7. likes; 8. are; 9. scares;
this! 10. appears
8. Im; Imagine the world from a pigeon’s-
B Sample answers:
eye view.
1. are; 2. want; 3. are; 4. has; 5. is
9. E; How different it must look!

© by Savvas Learning Company LLC. All Rights Reserved. 21

 GRAMMAR WORKSHEET ANSWER KEY

Subject and Verb Agreement in Subjects and Predicates

Inverted Sentences PRACTICE
PRACTICE A Student responses should reflect the use of a
A 1. lies; 2. are; 3. runs; 4. is; 5. are subject and predicate that makes logical
B 1. sit; 2. were; 3. come; 4. There are; 5. is sense.
B Student responses should reflect the use of a
ASSESS subject and predicate that makes logical
A 1. were; 2. were; 3. are; 4. are; 5. are; sense.
6. were; 7. were Assess Italics indicate double underscores.
B 1. are; 2. are; 3. were; 4. There’s; 5. were; A 1. The artist painted in her studio all day.
6. was; 7. were 2. Alma ran to the grocery store for milk.
3. The aquarium was filled with tropical
Subject-Verb Agreement fish.
4. The ranger gave an informative
PRACTICE
presentation about the meadow.
1. live; 2. are; 3. likes; 4. take; 5. feeds;
5. The puppies barked when we arrived.
6. stray; 7. are; 8. want; 9. object; 10. have;
6. The notebook is on the hall table.
11. are;12. has; 13. are; 14. know
7. Raccoons are nocturnal animals.
ASSESS 8. A large turtle was in the middle of the
A 1. have; 2. leads; 3. were; 4. are; 5. are; road.
6. live; 7. take; 8. has; 9. is; 10. are 9. Our house is blue with green shutters.
10. Fred fed the hamsters and the fish before
B 1. picks; 2. tastes; 3. cooks; 4. are; 5. has;
leaving the house.
6. are; 7. are; 8. drive; 9. take; 10. have
B Student responses should reflect the use of a
complete subject and predicate that makes
Subject Complements logical sense.
PRACTICE
1. astronaut—PN Subjunctive Mood
2. he—PP
PRACTICE
3. proud—PA
4. career—PN 1. were; 2. be; 3. were; 4. were; 5. pay
5. strange—PA ASSESS
6. heroes—PN
A 1. My teacher insists that I be punctual.
ASSESS 2. The committee voted that the proposal be
A 1. PN; 2. PA; 3. PN; 4. PA; 5. PP; 6. PN; shelved.
7. A; 8. PN 3. I wish that I were rich.
4. She suggests that Paula drive her own
B 1. (have been)—useful; 2. (is)—breed;
car.
3. (would be)—weight; 4. (must look)—
5. The captain requests that everyone
beautiful; 5. (are)—they
remain seated until the plane stops.
C 1. knowledgeable—PA 6. The judge ordered that the defendant pay
2. she—PP a fine.
3. country—PN 7. The jury asked that the judge explain the
4. dry—PA new law.
5. capital—PN
B Sample answers:
1. I insist that I be allowed to read that
book.
2. Most schools require that each student
wear proper clothing to school.
3. I prefer that George not call me.
© by Savvas Learning Company LLC. All Rights Reserved. 22
 GRAMMAR WORKSHEET ANSWER KEY

4. If I were a movie star, I would be rich. Transitions and Transitional

5. I wish that I were somewhere else besides Phrases
here.
PRACTICE
6. My mother treats me as if I were seven
Sample answers:
years old.
How should you choose a college? First,
7. The principal suggests that Susan apply
you may look for a college that offers
for the scholarship.
courses of study that interest you. You may
also consider the size and location of
Subordinating Conjunctions various colleges. Then, you might try to
PRACTICE pick a school in whatever climate you will
A 1. Students should circle Although and feel most comfortable. Colleges in Boston
underline “Although you can reach or Chicago, for example, will not be high on
Stratford, Ontario, by plane.” the list of people who detest cold weather.
2. Students should circle if and underline “if In addition, for some applicants, the
they wish.” distance of the school from their house is an
3. Students should circle When and important factor. Also, keep in mind that
underline “When you travel by train.” rural and urban areas offer college students
B Answers may vary slightly. different types of activities and resources.
1. Post-show chats follow performances so Therefore, it is important when you
that students can meet the cast. consider a school to examine your own likes
2. Students perform a play on April 23 and dislikes outside of class as well as
because that is Shakespeare’s birthday. inside. Your final choice may depend on
3. Festival artists visit high schools, where budgetary factors. In the end, whom a
they help students design sets and college decides to accept as a student may
rehearse a scene. prove the decisive factor in your choice.

ASSESS ASSESS

A Students should underline the following A Sample answers:

words and phrases: 1. After Mr. Matsui cooked and ate his
1. Before dinner, he went over to play cards with a
2. When friend, Mr. Takashimaya.
3. if 2. Olivia likes fruit salads for lunch, but
4. Even though Penny prefers club sandwiches.
5. until B Sample answers:
BB Worldwide, most wood is used for fuel. In
the United States, however, trees are a
C Answers may vary slightly.
source for dozens of different products. For
1. Although tornadoes can occur any time
instance, cellulose or plant fiber is used for
of day, most occur in the afternoon or
making paper or paperboard. Then, lumber
early evening.
is used for making buildings, furniture,
2. After thunderstorms develop, they are
musical instruments, and other important
followed by a cold front.
products. In addition, round timbers may be
3. Windows should not be opened before a
used for utility poles. They may also be
tornado because the wind can cause
used for bridge and building supports. Is
damage.
there anyone who has not used pencils,
baseball bats, or toothpicks made of wood?

© by Savvas Learning Company LLC. All Rights Reserved. 23

 GRAMMAR WORKSHEET ANSWER KEY

The ties supporting train tracks are made of Using Parallel Structure
wood, and the tongue depressors used by PRACTICE
doctors are wooden ones. Forests provide us
A Some revisions may vary.
with nuts and maple syrup. It is important to
1. Thomas Jefferson was intelligent,
remember that, if forests were destroyed,
imaginative, and courageous.
many species of wildlife would have no
2. We rode our bikes over the meadow, up
homes or food. We would thus find it
the hill, and across the bridge.
difficult to survive. Consequently, we must
3. My music teacher said that I have a
be concerned about conserving and
strong voice but that I sing off-key.
replacing our forests.
4. Before you begin cooking, be sure to
wash your hands and line up the
Usage: Who and Whom ingredients.
PRACTICE 5. Erin likes making spicy Mexican stews
A 1. subject; 2. subject complement; 3. direct and baking bread.
object; 4. object of preposition; 5. direct 6. City Hall marks the center of
object Philadelphia, holds a statue of William
B 1. Who; 2. whom; 3. Whom; 4. who; 5. who Penn, and houses city records.

ASSESS
ASSESS
A 1. He is the one who will get the job. B Some revisions may vary.
Clause: who will get the job 1. Donovan hopes either to win or to get an
Rewording of clause: he will get the job honorable mention.
Function of pronoun: subject 2. Philadelphia features historic sites, highly
2. Laurie is a person who knows what she regarded restaurants, and excellent
wants. museums.
Clause: who knows what she wants 3. John F. Kennedy’s words, sentences, and
Rewording of clause: she knows what she paragraphs thrilled listeners.
wants 4. Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration
Function of pronoun: subject of Independence, designed his own home,
3. Do you know whom the judges selected? and founded a university.
Clause: whom the judges selected 5. The goals of the civil rights movement
Rewording of clause: the judges selected included full equality, racial justice, and
him economic opportunity.
Function of pronoun: direct object 6. Thomas Paine spoke passionately,
eloquently, and persuasively.
B 1. who; 2. whom; 3. who; 4. who; 5. whom;
7. Gandhi’s choice was to submit to a
6. whom
harmful system or run the risk of stirring
up anger.
Using Like, As, and As if 8. Following the rules and playing to win
PRACTICE are equally important to our team.
A 1. as if; 2. as; 3. like; 4. as if
B 1. Abigail’s voice is so beautiful, it sounds Using Quotations
like a professional singer’s voice. PRACTICE
2. The car looked as if it had recently been A 1. Indirect; 2. Direct; 3. Direct
washed and waxed.
B 1. “May I ride with you?” I asked.
3. correct
2. James said, “I can’t wait to see that
4. They stared up at the palace as if they had
movie.”
never seen such an impressive sight.
3. Martha cried, “Stop that bus!”
ASSESS
A 1. B; 2. A; 3. A; 4. A; 5. B
© by Savvas Learning Company LLC. All Rights Reserved. 24
 GRAMMAR WORKSHEET ANSWER KEY

ASSESS ASSESS
A 1. Direct; 2. Indirect; 3. Direct Sample answers:
B 1. A capital letter 1. Here is a list of safety measures to avoid
2. inside the quotation marks accidents in the home. First, keep
3. outside the quotation marks matches away from children, and make
4. a quotation at the end of sentence sure that children do not have access to
C 1. “Queen Elizabeth I ruled a great empire,” medicine cabinets. Then, check electrical
Mia said. systems for defects, and clean out attics
2. Nadia exclaimed, “Give me a break!” and cellars. In addition, make sure that
3. “Who wants to go to the party?” Sam tiled surfaces are slip-proof.
asked 2. Potential homeowners will find a
checklist helpful. In particular, before
they buy a house they should check the
Vary Sentence Structure foundation for cracks. They should also
PRACTICE inspect for leaks and sagging timbers in
Sample answers: the roof. Finally, they should check for
1. Although babysitters should know the any evidence of fire damage and for pipes
proper bedtime for the children they that may have been improperly fitted.
supervise, there are lots of other things 3. The school principal took a number of
they should know as well. A good safety measures. First, she forbade
babysitter should be familiar with any running in the hallways, and she installed
special health problems, and he or she a system of volunteer student monitors.
should know the rules about TV and Fire drills were held weekly, and
snacks. Finally, a babysitter should have attendants were posted in the washrooms.
contact information in case of an Finally, the principal made sure that the
emergency. parking lot was supervised at the
2. There are several reasons why a building beginning and the end of the school day.
may be condemned. The wiring may be 4. Successful science fiction writing
faulty, for example, or a fire escape may displays a number of basic features. First,
be rusted and broken. In addition, a science fiction has an unusual setting in
falling roof or collapsing ceilings may place or time, and it nearly always
cause a building to be condemned as includes unexpected events. The
unsafe. characters in science fiction are typically
3. An epic poem has several key elements. mysterious, and this type of writing
First, the language of epic is formal and usually blends fantasy and reality.
dignified. Epics also focus on the deeds
of a larger-than-life hero. The hero’s Verb Tenses
achievements often embody the values
PRACTICE
and ideals of the culture that produces the
poem. A act; acted; will (or shall) act; have acted;
4. Max’s Diner closed because it could not had acted; will have (or shall have) acted
keep good waiters and waitresses, and B 1. future; 2. present; 3. past; 4. present;
because it lacked an experienced cook. In 5. future; 6. present perfect; 7. past perfect
addition, Max himself often failed to
ASSESS
devote his personal interest and
supervision to the diner. A 1. past; 2. past; 3. present; 4. present;
5. future
B 1. washed; 2. raised; 3. needs; 4. is;
5. will do

© by Savvas Learning Company LLC. All Rights Reserved. 25

 GRAMMAR WORKSHEET ANSWER KEY

C 1. The trumpet plays loudly. Word Usage

2. The flute whistled sweetly. PRACTICE
3. The musicians will tune their
A 1. effect; 2. accept; 3. except; 4. affect;
instruments.
5. accept; 6. effect; 7. except
4. The piano player ran his hands across the
keys. B 1. affect; 2. affect; 3. except; 4. effect;
5. accept

Verbal Phrases ASSESS

PRACTICE A 1. accept; 2. effect; 3. affect; 4. except;
A Sample answers: 5. accept; 6. effects; 7. except
1. Wearing her new white suit, Joan went to A Sample answers:
meet the president. 1. correct
2. Hiking up the mountain, we found an old 2. except
olive grove. 3. correct
3. Exploring the cave, I found a buried 4. affect
treasure. 5. accept
4. The old woman walking her dog bumped
into the bench.
5. We saw two monkeys swinging from the
branches.

ASSESS
A Sample answers:
1. To enjoy good music, Henry attends
concerts often.
2. Sitting by the river, we watched the calm
waters.
3. Speaking frankly, he said he opposed the
plan.
4. Using all his patience and wisdom, Dad
could not start the engine.
5. Holding their breath, they tiptoed from
room to room.
B 1. To reach that number
2. composing all sorts of music
3. growing slowly
4. barking dog
5. wandering the streets
6. dancing to the music
7. Scolded by his father
8. cleaning my room this morning
9. Raising animals
10. To graduate a year early

© by Savvas Learning Company LLC. All Rights Reserved. 26