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Cyria Jean B. Pelo EE313 Bsee-3A Engr. Lorenz Jan C. Crujido

This document contains solutions to three exercises/quiz questions on transformer theory: 1. It determines the coil currents and output of a 3-phase transformer given line current and load power factor. 2. It calculates the required transformation ratio for a 3-phase transformer to deliver a specified voltage at full load current and power factor, accounting for impedance losses. 3. It analyzes the load sharing between transformers in a ∆-∆ and V-V connected 3-phase transformer bank with one transformer removed.

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76 views3 pages

Cyria Jean B. Pelo EE313 Bsee-3A Engr. Lorenz Jan C. Crujido

This document contains solutions to three exercises/quiz questions on transformer theory: 1. It determines the coil currents and output of a 3-phase transformer given line current and load power factor. 2. It calculates the required transformation ratio for a 3-phase transformer to deliver a specified voltage at full load current and power factor, accounting for impedance losses. 3. It analyzes the load sharing between transformers in a ∆-∆ and V-V connected 3-phase transformer bank with one transformer removed.

Uploaded by

CJ
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CYRIA JEAN B.

PELO EE313
BSEE-3A ENGR. LORENZ JAN C. CRUJIDO

EXERCISES/QUIZ 1

1. A 3-ph, delta/star connected 11,000/440 V, 50 Hz transformer takes a line current of 5


amp, when secondary Load of 0.8 Lagging p.f. is connected. Determine each coil current
and output of transformer.

Solution:
The voltage ratings of the two sides per phase:
𝑉1 = 11,000 𝑉 (𝑃𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑖𝑙 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔)
440
𝑉2 = = 254.03 𝑉(𝑆𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑖𝑙 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔)
√3
𝟓
𝑰𝟏 = = 𝟐. 𝟖𝟗 𝑨
√𝟑

The power rating of the three phase coil: Since each coil delivers equal power
rating in a three phase coil:
𝑆̂3∅ = 3 × 𝑉1 × 𝐼1
5 95262.79
𝑆̂3∅ = 3 × 11,000 × 𝑆̂∅ =
√3 3

𝑆̂3∅ = 95262.79 𝑉𝐴
𝑆̂∅ = 31754.26 𝑉𝐴

Therefore, Secondary coi-current is:


̂∅
𝑆
𝐼1 =
𝑉2
31754.26
𝐼1 =
254.03
𝑰𝟏 = 𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝑨

The total output power is:


̂∅ × 𝑝. 𝑓.
𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 𝑆

𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 31754.26 × 0.80

𝑷𝒐𝒖𝒕 = 𝟐𝟓. 𝟒 𝒌𝑾
2. A 3-phase transformer has its primary connected in ∆ and its secondary in Y. It has an
equivalent resistance of 1% and an equivalent reactance of 6%. The primary applied
voltage is 6,600 V. What must be the ratio of transformation in order that it will deliver
4,800 V at full-load current and 0.8 power factor (lag)?

Solution:
%𝑅𝑒𝑔, = 𝑣𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑠∅ + 𝑣𝑠 𝑠𝑖𝑛∅
%𝑅𝑒𝑔, = 1 × 0.8 + 6 × 0.8
%𝑅𝑒𝑔, = 4.4 %

Induced Secondary e.m.f. (line value):


𝜀 = 4800 + (0.044 × 4800)
𝜀 = 5011.2 𝑉
Secondary Phase Voltage:

𝜀
𝑉∅𝑠 =
√3
5011.2
𝑉∅𝑠 =
√3
𝑉∅𝑠 = 2893.22 𝑉
Transformation ratio:
2893.22
𝐾=
6600
𝑲 = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟑𝟖

3. A ∆ − ∆ bank consisting of three 20-kVA, 2300/230-V transformers supplies a load of 40 kVA. If one
transformer is removed, find for the resulting V − V connection
(i) kVA load carried by each transformer
(ii) per cent of rated load carried by each transformer
(iii) total kVA rating of the V-V bank
(iv) ratio of the V-V bank to ∆ − ∆ bank transformer ratings.
(v) per cent increase in load on each transformer when bank is converted into V-V bank.

Solution:
i. kVA load carried by each transformer
Since,
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑘𝑉𝐴 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 𝑖𝑛 𝑉 − 𝑉 𝑏𝑎𝑛𝑘
= √3
𝑉𝐴/𝑇𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑒𝑟
Then,
40
𝑘𝑉𝐴 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑/𝑇𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑒𝑟 =
√3
𝑘𝑽𝑨 𝒍𝒐𝒂𝒅/𝑻𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒔𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒎𝒆𝒓 = 𝟐𝟑. 𝟎𝟗 𝒌𝑽𝑨

ii. per cent of rated load carried by each transformer


𝑘𝑉𝐴 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑/𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑒𝑟
% 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 = × 100
𝑘𝑉𝐴 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔/𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑒𝑟
23.09
% 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 =
20
% 𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒅 𝒍𝒐𝒂𝒅 = 𝟏. 𝟏𝟓𝟒𝟓 𝒐𝒓 𝟏𝟏𝟓. 𝟒𝟓 %

iii. total kVA rating of the V-V bank


𝑘𝑉𝐴 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑉−𝑉 𝑏𝑎𝑛𝑘 = (2 × 20) × 0.866
𝒌𝑽𝑨 𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝑽−𝑽 𝒃𝒂𝒏𝒌 = 𝟑𝟒. 𝟔𝟒 𝒌𝑽𝑨

iv. ratio of the V-V bank to ∆ − ∆ bank transformer ratings.


𝑉 − 𝑉 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 34.64
= = 𝟎. 𝟓𝟕𝟕 𝒐𝒓 𝟓𝟓. 𝟕 %
∆ − ∆ 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 60

v. per cent increase in load on each transformer when bank is converted into V-V bank.
40
𝐿𝑜𝑎𝑑 𝑆𝑢𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑛 ∆ − ∆ 𝑏𝑎𝑛𝑘 = = 13.33 𝑘𝑉𝐴
3
Therefore,
23.09
𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑒/𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑒𝑟 =
13.33
𝑷𝒆𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒂𝒈𝒆 𝒍𝒐𝒂𝒅 𝒊𝒏𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒆/𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒔𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒎𝒆𝒓 = 𝟏. 𝟕𝟑𝟐𝟐 𝒐𝒓 𝟏𝟕𝟑. 𝟐𝟐 %

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