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Stress Analysis of A Cantilever Beam

The document analyzes a cantilever beam under a 100N load using finite element analysis software. It summarizes: 1) The beam is made of mild steel and subjected to a 100N force at the tip. Maximum deflection of 0.19986mm and stress of 67.172MPa were found using 256 elements. 2) Increasing elements to 740 showed maximum stress of 85.956MPa at the force location. 272 elements found a stress of 70.267MPa. 3) Smallest element number for converged tip deflection was determined to be 256, with only a 3.3% error compared to higher densities.

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Noor Singh
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49 views5 pages

Stress Analysis of A Cantilever Beam

The document analyzes a cantilever beam under a 100N load using finite element analysis software. It summarizes: 1) The beam is made of mild steel and subjected to a 100N force at the tip. Maximum deflection of 0.19986mm and stress of 67.172MPa were found using 256 elements. 2) Increasing elements to 740 showed maximum stress of 85.956MPa at the force location. 272 elements found a stress of 70.267MPa. 3) Smallest element number for converged tip deflection was determined to be 256, with only a 3.3% error compared to higher densities.

Uploaded by

Noor Singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Analysis of a

cantilever beam
under load

DATE : 5 Dec 2020


COURSE TITLE: FEA
STUDENT’S NAME-
Gurnoor Singh Malhotra
St. id-18057617
TEACHER’S NAME-
Prof. Yong Chen
Aim:
In this report a beam of length 100mm attached to a wall of thickness 1.5mm will be introduced to a 100N force applied on
the top surface along the symmetrical axis of the cross section at the tip end as shown in Figure 1 .
The beam is made of mild steel with Young’s modulus of 210000 N/mm2 and Poisson’s ratio of 0.3.

Objectives:
The whole scenario will be simulated in Ansys Mechanical ADPL 2019 R2 (ANSYS) and the analysis of the simulation will
be done by finding

1. Positions and values of deflection and maximum stresses of the beam after the force is applied.
2. Smallest element number at which the tip deflection is converged.

= 100N

= 100N

Figure 1

Figure 2

Method and Apparatus:


 Using the ANSYS software a beam is modelled and meshed. (Figure 2).
 The beam is then subjected to a 100N represented by a red arrow in Figure 2 and zero displacement loads are
applied at the end to represent attachment with a wall.
 Now the solution is obtained using different mesh densities via ANSYS and then the resultant model is plotted.

Results: Following results corresponding to objective 1 are done using total element no. 256.
1)
 Maximum deflection is at the top end of the beam where the force is applied which is node 89 with a total vertical
deflection of 0.19986mm in negative y direction.

Figure 4

2 Figure 3
Finite Element Analysis
 Maximum Stress is found to be at node 5 represented by red color in the Figure 5, the value of the max stress is
67.172Mpa (256 elements)

Figure 5

 When total mesh density is increased (740 elements) the maximum stress is found at the point where 100 N
force is applied with a value of 85.956Mpa (figure 6)

Figure 6

3
Finite Element Analysis
 After increasing mesh density around the targeted red region in figure 5 by increasing elements to 272 the
maximum stress is found to be at node 1 with a value of 70.267Mpa represented by red region in figure 7.

Figure 7

2) For finding smallest element number at which tip deflection is converged following data is produced by increasing mesh
density hence increasing element numbers.

Element Numbers Node numbers Edge length(mm) Element


14 18 50 4 node shell elements (Shell 181)
256 262 4 4 node shell elements (Shell 181)
740 665 2.5 4 node shell elements (Shell 181)
6780 6803 0.625 4 node shell elements (Shell 181)

Element Numbers 14 256 740 6780


Max Vertical -0.15977 -0.19077 -0.19703 -0.19658
Deflection(mm)

(the deflections here are found using List- Element table in ANSYS)

4
Finite Element Analysis
Reference-Convergence in Finite Element Analysis (FEA)& Mesh Independence - Professor Yong Kang Chen, FIMechE,
FHEA, CEng

0.19703−0.19077
∴|ε|= ×100=3.3 %
0.19077

Since there is only 3.3% error therefore smallest element number at which tip deflection will be converged would be
corresponding to tip deflection value 0.19077 i.e. element number 256

Conclusion and Analysis:

During Finite Element Analysis when we use smaller sized elements around the targeted area we mesh the model and
simulate stress or deflection, the results are relatively accurate than when there are larger sized elements. Therefore, it is
evident that in order to obtain more accurate results we need to increase mesh density by introducing a greater number of
elements which are smaller in size.

5
Finite Element Analysis

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