7 Module 5: Performing Operations on Rational Numbers

Mathematics
First Quarter – Module 5:

Performing Operations on
Rational Numbers

Grade 7 Mathematics 1
 Module 5: Performing Operations on Rational Numbers

Mathematics - Grade 7
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 5: Performing Operations on Rational Fractions
First Edition, 2020
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Published by the Department of Education
Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Egar R. Georpe
Editor: Pamela A. Rodemio
Reviewers: Dr. Anecita U. Mendez (Moderator)
Mr. Edsel Ursal
Illustrator and Layout Artist: Myrna P. Soco

Management Team
Schools Division Superintendent:
Dr. Marilyn S. Andales, CESO V
Assistant Schools Division Superintendents:
Dr. Cartesa M. Perico
Dr. Ester A. Futalan
Dr. Leah B. Apao
Chief, CID: Dr. Mary Ann P. Flores
EPS in LRMS: Mr. Isaiash T. Wagas
EPS in Math: Dr. Pamela A. Rodemio

Printed in the Philippines by:

Department of Education, Region VII, Division of Cebu Province
Office Address: IPHO Bldg. Sudlon, Lahug, Cebu City
Telefax: (032) 255 - 6405
Email Address: cebu.province@deped.gov.ph

Grade 7 Mathematics 2
 Module 5: Performing Operations on Rational Numbers

7
Mathematics
First Quarter – Module 5
Performing Operations on
Rational Number

Grade 7 Mathematics 3
 Module 5: Performing Operations on Rational Numbers

Introductory Message

This module is carefully designed to continually facilitate learners

to achieve mastery on the Most Essential Learning Competencies and
develop their 21st century skills. This module consists of essential
components developed appropriately for self-instructional mode of
learning. The components come in various developmental purposes that
are designed to diagnose (pretest), recall and associate (review), discuss,
explain and even provide practice activities, enrichment tasks,
assessments and answer keys.

Upon taking the pretest, determine whether you need to take or

skip this module. At 100% accuracy, you possess the mastery of the topic
in the module; hence, you don’t need to take it and you may choose to
proceed to the next module. At 99% and below, you are recommended to
undertake the module to acquire the necessary skills.

Though allowed, adult supervision is limited only to providing

assistance in accomplishing this module. It is highly recommended that
YOU, the learner, should try to engage independently in doing the different
tasks for you to become a critical thinker and problem solver which are the
twin goals of Mathematics.

May this module be utilized to its fullest extent in the purpose of

learning the competencies construed as Most Essential for a learner in this
level.

God bless and enjoy learning!

PAMELA A. RODEMIO
Education Program Supervisor - MATH

Grade 7 Mathematics 4
 Module 5: Performing Operations on Rational Numbers

Performing Operations on Rational Numbers

Most Essential Learning Competency:

The learner performs operations on rational numbers.

What I Need to Know

In this lesson the learner:

1. simplifies rational numbers in fraction form into lowest term;
2. performs operations on rational numbers;
3. follows the process in performing operations on rational numbers with
perseverance.

In this module, you will learn the operations on rational numbers. We will be discussing the
rules/steps in adding and subtracting rational numbers in fraction and decimal form, and multiplying
and dividing rational numbers in fraction and decimal form.

What I know

Directions: Find out how much you already know about this module. Choose the letter that you
think best answers the question. Please answer all items. Take note of the items that you were
not able to answer correctly and find the right answers as you go through this module.
4 3
1. What is the sum of and ?
9 9
1 1 7 7
a. − b. c. − d.
9 9 9 9
3 2
2. What is the difference of and ?
6 6
1 2 5 5
a. b. c. d.
6 6 12 6
3 2
3. +
8 6
1 5 5 17
a. b. c. d.
24 14 48 24
4 3
4. −
6 7
2 5 23
a. 1 b. 1 c. d.
21 21 21
1 1 1 1 1 1
5. Find the difference: ( + + ) − ( + + ).
6 3 2 8 4 2
7 1 1 1
a. 1 b. c. d.
8 6 8 24

Grade 7 Mathematics 1
 Module 5: Performing Operations on Rational Numbers
4 3 3
6. ( + ) −
5 4 6
3 9 11 1
a. b. − c. d. 1
120 20 20 20
3 5
7. What is the product of × in simplest form?
5 9
3 1 1 15
a. b. c. d.
5 3 45 46
3 2
8. What is the quotient of and ?
2 3
1 1 5
a. 2 b. 2 c. d. 1
6 4 6
3 4
9. Find the average of − and ?
4 5
31 11 1 1
a. b. 1 c. d.
40 20 20 40
10. What is the sum of 245.86 and 67.237?
a. 313.097 b. 178.623 c. 426.51 d. 918.23
11. What is the difference of 349.35 and 89.18?
a. −260.17 b. 260.17 c. −438.53 d. 438.53
12. What is the product of 3.24 and 0.65?
a. 2.106 b. −2.106 c. −4.98 d. 4.98
13. What is the quotient of 12.02 and 0.002?
a. −0.025404 b. −6010 c. 6010 d. 0.02404
14. (840 × 0.625) ÷ 5 =
a. 3.720 b. 105 c. 268.8 d. 1050
15. (8.5 ÷ 2) × 6 =
a. 102 b. 25.5 c. 2.833 d. 0.7083

What’s In

A. Which of the following are rational numbers?

1 5 45
−
2 6

√34 0.75 1
2

−0.4 −√56 −2

B. Simplify the following fractions.

2
1.
6
10
2.
20
8
3.
18
6
4.
3
15
5.
50

Grade 7 Mathematics 2
 Module 5: Performing Operations on Rational Numbers

What’s New

The following are the operations on rational numbers.

Operations of Rational Numbers in Fraction Form

1. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Numbers in Fraction Form

• Similar fractions
2 1 5 2
a. + b. −
7 7 9 9
• Dissimilar fractions
2 2 3 1
a. + b. −
5 3 4 6
2. Multiplication of Rational Numbers in Fraction Form
2 5 1 1
a. × b. 4 × 2
3 8 3 4
3. Division of Rational Numbers in Fraction Form
8 2 1
a. ÷ b. 3 ÷ 2
11 3 6

Operations of Rational Numbers in Decimal Form

1. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Numbers in Decimal Form

a. 2.33 + 7.21 b. 934.9 − 763.55
2. Multiplication of Rational Numbers in Decimal Form
a. 3.24 × 5.6 b. 6.251 × 8.65
3. Division of Rational Numbers in Decimal Form
a. 3.64 ÷ 1.4 b. 3.666 ÷ 23.5

What is It

To answer the activity above, here are the rules and solutions of the following:

Operations of Rational Numbers in Fraction Form

(Note: In performing operations of rational numbers in fraction form, do not forget to express your
answer in simplest form)

1. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Numbers in Fraction Form

Rules in Adding and Subtracting Rational Numbers in Fraction Form

With the same denominator,
If 𝑎, 𝑏 and 𝑐 denote integers, and 𝑏 ≠ 0, then
𝑎 𝑐 𝑎+𝑐 𝑎 𝑐 𝑎−𝑐
+ = and − =
𝑏 𝑏 𝑏 𝑏 𝑏 𝑏

Grade 7 Mathematics 3
 Module 5: Performing Operations on Rational Numbers

Examples
2 1 5 2
a. + b. −
7 7 9 9
Solution: Solution:
2 1 2+1 3 5 2 5−2 3 1
+ = = − = = 𝑜𝑟
7 7 7 7 9 9 9 9 3

Rules in Adding and Subtracting Rational Numbers in Fraction Form

𝑎 𝑐
With different denominators, and , Where 𝑏 ≠ 0 and 𝑑 ≠ 0
𝑏 𝑑
If the fractions to be added or subtracted are dissimilar.
• Rename the fractions to make them similar whose
denominator is the least common multiple (LCM) of 𝑏 and 𝑑.
• Add or subtract the numerators of the resulting fractions.
• Write the result as a fraction whose numerator is the sum or
difference of the numerators and whose denominator is the
least common multiple of 𝑏 and 𝑑.

Examples:
2 2 3 1
a. + b. −
5 3 4 6
Solution: Solution:
2 1 3 1
+ ; The LCM of 5 and 3 is 15 − ; The LCM of 4 and 6 is 12
5 3 4 6
2 2 6 10 16 1 3 1 9 2 9−2 7
+ = + = 𝑜𝑟1 − = − = =
5 3 15 15 15 15 4 6 12 12 12 12
2. Multiplication of Rational Numbers in Fraction Form

Rules in Multiplying Rational Numbers in Fraction Form

The symbols to be used for multiplication are any of the following: • , x,  ,
or x.
To multiply rational numbers in fraction form simply multiply the numerators
and multiply the denominators.
𝑎 𝑐 𝑎𝑐
In symbol, × = where 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 and 𝑑 are NOT equal to zero, (𝑏 ≠
𝑏 𝑑 𝑏𝑑
0; 𝑑 ≠ 0)

Examples
2 5 1 1
The easiest way to solve for this number is to
a. × b. 4 × 2 change mixed numbers to an improper
3 8 3 4
Solution: Solution: fraction and then multiply it. Or use prime
2 5 1 1 factors or the greatest common factor, as
× 4 ×2
3 8 3 4
2 5 2×5 10 5 13 9 part of the multiplication process.
× = = 𝑜𝑟 = ×
3 8 3×8 24 12 3 4
13 9 13×3×3 13×3 39 3
× = = = 𝑜𝑟 9
3 4 3×4 4 4 4
3. Division of Rational Numbers in Fraction Form

Rules in Dividing Rational Numbers in Fraction Form

To divide rational numbers in fraction form, you take the reciprocal of the
second fraction (called the divisor) and multiply it by the first fraction.
𝑎 𝑐 𝑎 𝑑 𝑎𝑑
In symbol, ÷ = × = where 𝑏, 𝑐 and 𝑑 are NOT equal to zero.
𝑏 𝑑 𝑏 𝑐 𝑏𝑐

Grade 7 Mathematics 4
 Module 5: Performing Operations on Rational Numbers

2 3
Take the reciprocal of , which is then multiply it with
Examples 3 2
8 2 the first fraction. Using prime factors, it is easy to see
a. ÷
11 3 that 2 can be factored out of the numerator then
Solution: cancelled out with the denominator, leaving 4 and 3
8 2 8 3
÷ = × as the remaining factors in the numerator and 11 as
11 3 11 2
2×4 3 the remaining factors in the denominator.
= ×
11 2
4×3 12 1
= = 𝑜𝑟 1
11 11 11
1 1
b. 3 ÷ 2 Take the reciprocal of 2, which is then multiply
6 2
Solution: it with the first fraction.
1 19 19 1
3 ÷ 2 = ÷2 = ×
6 6 6 2
19×1 19 7
= = 𝑜𝑟 1
6×2 12 12

Operations of Rational Numbers in Decimal Form

1. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Numbers in Decimal Form

Rules in Adding and Subtracting Rational Numbers in Fraction Form

1. Arrange the decimal numbers in a column such that the decimal points
are aligned,
2. Add or subtract as with whole numbers.
3. Bring the decimal straight down in your answers.

Examples:
a. 2.33 + 7.21 b. 934.9 − 763.55 You can add a zero to
Solution: Solution: help keep everything line
2.33 934.90 up
+7.21 − 763.55
9.54 171.35
2. Multiplication of Rational Numbers in Decimal Form

Rules in Multiplying Rational Numbers in Fraction Form

1. Arrange the numbers in a vertical column.
2. Multiply the numbers, as if you are multiplying whole numbers.
3. Starting from the rightmost end of the product, move the decimal point
to the left the same number of places as the sum of the decimal places
in the multiplicand and the multiplier.

Examples:
a. 3.24 × 5.6 b. 6.251 × 8.65
Solution: Solution:
3.24 (2 decimals) 6.251 (3 decimals)
× 5.6 (1 decimal) × 8.65 (2 decimals)
1944 31255
+1620 37506
18.144 (3 decimals) +50008
54.07115 (5 decimals)

Grade 7 Mathematics 5
 Module 5: Performing Operations on Rational Numbers

3. Division of Rational Numbers in Decimal Form

Rules in Dividing Rational Numbers in Fraction Form

1. If the divisor is a whole number, divide the dividend by the divisor
applying the rules of a whole number. The position of the decimal point
is the same as that in the dividend.
2. If the divisor is not a whole number, make the divisor a whole number
by moving the decimal point in the divisor to the rightmost end, making
the number seem like a whole number.
3. Move the decimal point in the dividend to the right the same number of
places as the decimal point was moved to make the divisor a whole
number.
4. Lastly divide the new dividend by the new divisor.

Examples Line up decimal point in

a. 3.64 ÷ 1.4 the quotient with decimal
Solution: point in the dividend.
1.4
1.4 3.64 14 36.4
- 28
Keep dividing until
84 quotient repeats or comes
Make the divisor
a whole number -84 out evenly.
Move the 0
by moving the
decimal point in Add zeroes on right of
decimal point.
the dividend the dividend as needed.
same number of
places.

Line up decimal point in

b. 3.666 ÷ 23.5 the quotient with decimal
Solution: point in the dividend.
0. 156
23.56 3.666 235 36.660
- 00
366
Make the divisor
a whole number -235
Move the 1316
by moving the
decimal point in -1175
decimal point.
the dividend the Keep dividing until
1410
same number of quotient repeats or comes
-1410
places. out evenly.
0
Add zeroes on right of
dividend as needed.

Grade 7 Mathematics 6
 Module 5: Performing Operations on Rational Numbers

What’s More

A. Independent Activity 1
Perform the indicated operations and express your answer in simplest form.
5 3
1. +
11 11
7 4
2. −
8 16
5 6
3. ×
12 5
4 6
4. ÷
15 12
4 1 2 5
5. ( + )×( + )
6 3 4 8
B. Independent Assessment 1
Perform the indicated operations and express your answer in simplest form.
2 3 1
1. + +
9 9 9
5 2
2. 2 −
12 3
1 2
3. 4 ×5
2 3
5 35
4. ÷
20 50
1 2 3 1
5. ( + )÷( − )
4 6 5 2
C. Independent Activity 2
Perform the indicated operations.
1. 1.4 + 0.39
2. 12.54 − 1.054
3. 3.1416 × 0.75
4. 52.804 ÷ 0.86
5. (21.34 + 6.213) × 4.2
D. Independent Assessment 2
Perform the indicated operations.
1. 0.52 + 1.6 + 8.26
2. 51.97 − 28.5
3. 34.89 × 0.875
4. 104 ÷ 6.4
5. (78.924 − 5.68) ÷ 2
E. Independent Activity 3
Directions: Read the questions carefully. Write the letter that corresponds to your answer on a
separate sheet of paper.
1 1 1 1
1. Find the difference: ( + ) − ( + ).
3 2 2 4
1 2 4 19
a. b. c. d.
12 12 12 12
1 4
2. What is the average of and ?
3 5
15 17 17 30
a. b. c. d.
17 15 30 17
3. Solve: 45.32 + 54.9 − 56.12
a. 44.1 b. 46.54 c. 156.34 d. 234.78
4. Which of the following is NOT true?
1 2 13 3 4 5 2 2 4 1 2 1
a. + = b. − = c. × = d. ÷ =
4 5 20 4 7 28 3 3 9 4 3 6
Grade 7 Mathematics 7
 Module 5: Performing Operations on Rational Numbers

5. Which of the following is true?

a. 3.34 + 32.6 = 349.4 c.21.1 × 3.2 = 675.2
b. 598.6 − 32.4 = 566.2 d. 35.2 ÷ 1.3 = 23.07
F. Independent Assessment 3
Directions: Read the questions carefully. Write the letter that corresponds to your answer on a
separate sheet of paper.
1 1 1 1
1. Find the sum: ( − ) + ( − ).
4 3 2 5
1 13 23 60
a. b. c. d.
60 60 60 23
2. Solve: (12.3 × 6.2) ÷ 2
a. 9.25 b. 38.13 c. 76.26 d. 152.52
3. Find the average of 45.67 and 432.97.
a. 239.32 b. 47.864 c. 478.64 d.2393.2
4. Which of the following is true?
4 1 5 1 1 1 5 2 5 3 1 4
a. × = b. − = c. + = d. ÷ =
5 2 10 2 6 4 10 6 6 4 3 9
5. Which of the following is NOT true?
a. 261.5 + 32.46 = 293.6 c.17.3 × 2.01 = 34.773
b. 583.1 − 64.326 = 518.774 d. 45.6 ÷ 9.2 = 3.64

What I Have Learned

Answer the following questions.

1. How to add and subtract rational numbers in fraction form?

2. How to multiply rational numbers in fraction form?
3. How to divide rational numbers in fraction form?
4. How to add and subtract rational numbers in decimal form?
5. How to multiply rational numbers in decimal form?
6. How to divide rational numbers in decimal form?

What I can Do
Directions: Solve each problem.
3
1. Angel worked on her mathematics homework for h and her science
4
7
homework for h. How long did she spend on doing her homework?
8
1
2. Julie spent 3 hours doing her assignment. Ken did his assignment
2
2
for 1 times as many hours as Julie did. How many hours did Ken
3
spend doing his assignment?
2
3. At the end of the day, a store had of a cake leftover. The four
5
employees each took home the same amount of leftover cake. How
much did each employee take home?
4. A speed of 345.6 m/s is increased by 7.45 m/s. Find the new speed?
5. Larry paid ₱ 210.36 for four liters of gas. How much was each liter of
gas?

Grade 7 Mathematics 8
 Module 5: Performing Operations on Rational Numbers

Assessment

Directions: Read the questions carefully. Write the letter that corresponds to your answer on a
separate sheet of paper.
7 2 6
1. Find the sum: + + .
8 8 8
7 1 3 15
a. 1 b. 1 c. d.
8 8 8 24
7 4
2. What is the difference of and ?
9 9
11 3 3 1
a. b. c. d.
9 18 81 3
3 2
3. What is the sum of 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ?
7 6
5 16 1 1
a. b. c. d.
42 21 42 2
3 8
4. Solve: − .
4 12
5 1 5 11
a. b. c. d.
12 12 8 16
1 1 1 1 1 1
5. Find the difference: ( + + ) − ( + + ).
5 4 2 5 6 3
1 6 1 1
a. b. c. d.
25 25 4 2
3 5 1
6. Solve: ( + ) − .
8 6 4
5 17 35 23
a. b. c. d.
24 24 24 24
3 2
7. What is the product of × in simplest form?
4 7
3 6 3 5
a. b. c. d.
14 14 28 28
2 3
8. What is the quotient of and ?
6 8
1 1 8 8
a. − b. c. − d.
8 8 9 9
2 5 1
9. Find the average of − , and ?
4 6 3
2 2 2 2
a. b. c. d.
3 6 9 12
10. What is the sum of 76.13 and 612.237?
a. 536.107 b. 688.367 c. 53.6107 d. 6883.67
11. What is the difference of 835.764 and 93.18?
a. 9289.44 b. 74.2584 c. 928.944 d. 742.584
12. What is the product of 25.753 and 3.6?
a. 92.7108 b. 7.1536 c. 927.108 d. 29.353
13. What is the quotient of 46.53 and 0.03?
a. 1.3959 b. 6.447 c. 1551 d. 46.56
14. (340 × 0.51) ÷ (8.06 + 1.94)
a. 173.4 b. 1734 c. 17.34 d. 1.734
15. (189.2 ÷ 2.2) × 6
a. 14.33 b. 69.3733 c. 516 d. 2497.44

Grade 7 Mathematics 9
 Module 5: Performing Operations on Rational Numbers

Additional Activities

A. Find the value of 𝑁 in each equation.

1 2
1. + 𝑁= 6. 976 − 𝑁 = 235.43
2 3
2 1
2. 𝑁 − = 7. 23.12 × 3.12 = 𝑁
6 2
3 2
3. ( ) (𝑁) = 8. 𝑁 ÷ 0.5 = 4
4 3
1 2
4. 5 ÷ =𝑁 9. 𝑁 + 67.34 = 98.432
2 3
1 4
5. × =𝑁 10. 32.45 + 𝑁 + 1.654 = 54.786
2 5
B. Solve each problem.
1 1
1. Josh gave of his grapes to Bianca. Bianca gave of grapes she received to Nash
2 3
1
and Nash gave of what he received to Karl. If Karl received 24 grapes, how many
4
did Josh have originally?
2. Sarah bought the following items from a store.
Quantity Item Unit Price
6 pieces egg ₱5.75
3 cans milk ₱63.50
1.5 kg sugar ₱36.50

If she gave₱500, how much change would she receive?

Grade 7 Mathematics 10
 Module 5: Performing Operations on Rational Numbers

Key to Correction

What I Know

What’s More
Independent Activity 1 Independent Assessment 1 Independent Activity 2

Independent Assessment 2 Independent Activity 3 Independent Assessment 3

What I Can Do Assessment

Grade 7 Mathematics 11
 Module 5: Performing Operations on Rational Numbers

Additional Activities

REFERENCES:

Aseron, E., Armas, A., Canonigo, A., Dullete, J., Francisco, F., Garces, I.J.,…, Vistro-Yu,
C.,(2013) Mathematics- Grade 7 learner’s material (First Edition). Philippines.

Dividing decimals. (n.d). Retrieved from

http://www.math.com/school/subject1/lessons/S1U1L6EX.html

Dividing a decimal by other decimal. (n.d.). Retrieve from

https://www.onlinemathlearning.com/dividing-decimals.html

Orines, F.B., Mercado J. P., Suzara, L.S.,Manalo C.B. (2012). Next Century Mathematics.
927 Quezon Ave., Quezon City: Phoenix Publishing House, Inc.

Grade 7 Mathematics 12
 Module 5: Performing Operations on Rational Numbers

For inquiries and feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education, Region VII, Division of Cebu Province
IPHO Bldg. Sudlon, Lahug, Cebu City
Telefax: (032) 255 - 6405
Email Address: cebu.province@deped.gov.ph

Grade 7 Mathematics 13