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Literary Movements

The document outlines 16 different literary movements that have influenced the development of literature over time. Some of the key movements mentioned include Classicism, which seeks balance and restraint through a beginning, middle, and end. Romanticism allows writers more creative freedom and speaks to the human heart. Symbolism treats objects as symbols that evoke emotions in readers rather than as real things.

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185 views3 pages

Literary Movements

The document outlines 16 different literary movements that have influenced the development of literature over time. Some of the key movements mentioned include Classicism, which seeks balance and restraint through a beginning, middle, and end. Romanticism allows writers more creative freedom and speaks to the human heart. Symbolism treats objects as symbols that evoke emotions in readers rather than as real things.

Uploaded by

Gabrielle Alik
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LITERARY MOVEMENTS

Along with the period developmental evolution of literature came “schools of thought”
that classified, identified, and popularized writers, texts, and critics and influenced the on rushing
of literary development of the basic genres of fiction, drama, and poetry.

1. Classicism
Literature is a work of art by its subject or theme in terms of action, time, and
place. The formal design of literature seeks to produce balance, proportion, and
restraint through a beginning, a middle, and end, characterized by the Apolloman
sense of reason, of moderation, and of external.

2. Romanticism
Literature speaks to the human heart and conveys truths that held for all times.
Truth is presented under circumstances of the writer’s own choosing creation,
who is allowed to take a certain latitude with reality, to add details and situations
that would not appear in “reality” , characterized by Dionysian ecstatic and
violent self-assertion.

3. Symbolism
Literature treats an object neither as a real thing nor the holder of divine essence;
it simply calls forth emotions communicated by words whose sounds would be
able to call forth the same emotion in the reader. There is an invisible world
beyond that of concrete events. Phenomena reveal a “higher” external world of
which the “symbol” is a part.

4. Metaphysicalism
Literature asks philosophic questions and develop abstract ideas using elaborate
figures of speech denoting with highly intellectualized; usually the subject is
religious in fervor but in a highly stylized manner of writing.
5. Pastoralism
Literature concerns with shepherds, often set in Areadia (Mountain in Greece), of
uncomplicated, contented life, showing rural life as superior to city tainted life;
sometimes the shepherd is revealed as a holy man (typifying Christ, the good
shepherd.)

6. Aestheticism
Art (like literature0 is independent of any moral or didactic/instructive end “art
for art sake” (later called “decadence) Is meant to imply great refinement in style
but a marked tendency toward the abnormal or freakish in content.

7. Imagism
Poesy in free verse, common language, regarding all the world as possible subject
matter, presenting a concentrated visual image in vivid and sharp detail-there
should be no ideas but things.

8. Existentialism
Literature expresses the loneliness, insecurity, irrevocability of man’s experience
and the dangerous situations in which these qualities are most prominent, focusing
on the serious and conscious attempts of serious people to face these situations
and the evasive and desperate and ultimately useless attempts of weak people to
escape them; the future is undetermined, man is free but has no fixed potentials
nor fixed values to aid him; the free choice of actions asserts the action as valid;
man makes himself, must from his own character.

9. Expressionism
Life is what the author passionately feels, not as it appears on the surface to the
dispassionate eye, distorting consciously the external appearance of objects in
order to picture them as the author feels.

10. Naturalism
Man is devoid of free will and soul whose fate is determined by environment and
heredity, portraying a narrow bit of scientific accuracy of a “slice of life”.

11. Realism
Life is pictured as a detailed presentation of appearances of the every-day world,
closely linked to the Local Color school concentrating on picturesque details,
scenery, customs, language-characteristics of a certain region.

12. Surrealism
Life goes beyond the “real” to the “super real” including the world of dreams and
unconscious and emphasizing on spontaneity, feeling, and sincerity, closely
linked to Romanticism.

13. Neoclassicism
Literary revival of the classical unities of time, place and action in the English
Restoration period, which were previously ignored by the Elizabethans.

14. Didacticism
Literature emphasizes the instructional value rather than its entertainment value.

15. Rationalism
Reason is in itself the source of knowledge superior to and independent of sense
perceptions, relying on reason as the basis for establishment of religious thought;
problems can be solved by reason and experience rather than non-rational.

16. Humanism
Based on the revival of the classical thought and arts, the individual’s dignity,
worth, and capacity for self realization through reason are superior over
supernaturalism and spirituality.

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