•

800+ questions with answers

• Important formulae given

Class
As per the latest syllabus (2019-20) released by CBSE

Dr. Rajesh Kumar Thakur

M.Sc.(Maths, O.R),
M.A.(Education/Sociology), ETE, B.Ed., Ph.D

OM NAMAH SHIVAYA
Published by:

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 Preface
With the changing pattern in CBSE and the introduction of 20 MCQs in mathematics from 2019-20
session, it was necessary to bring out a book that caters to the need of students preparing for the board
examination.

This book has been designed in such a way that students not only get varieties of MCQs but also a
concept introduction of each chapter beforehand. Around 800 questions have been collected here for
giving enough practice needed by students before appearing the final board examination.

It has always been the initiative of Green Earth Publications to bring books that is the need of the
hour. We have introduced this book on MCQs for the class X board examination having ample varieties
with a short note as a ready reckoner for students to understand the concept as well as prepare for the
examination. MCQs in board examination will have at least 4 types of questions and even though you
have the option with you, you cannot hit the bullseye until you solve it. Some questions like true-false,
fill in the blanks and match the column are concept based questions and if you go through the ‘Points to
Remember’ given at the very beginning of each chapter, there are chances that you may write the answers
instantly.

Some of the salient features of the book are:

• As per the latest syllabus (2019-20) released by CBSE.

• Around 800+ questions with their answers.
• Important points at the beginning of each chapter.
• Important formulae are given chapterwise.
• Sample questions such as MCQs, true-false, fill in the blanks, matching type questions given.

We hope this book will be highly appreciated among teachers as well as students. Throughway care has
been taken while preparing the book but as said ‘to err is human’, there might be some mistakes overlooked.
It is our humble request to all the students to bring out these mistakes and send us suggestions at
info@greenearthpublication.com, to make a better book in the next edition. We wish you ‘best of luck’
in advance for the board examination. We are hopeful that this book will prove your true friend and help
you in boosting your confidence.

-Publisher

Tell us your feedback, queries and suggestions to improve the series at

info@greenearthpublication.com
CONTENTS
1. Real Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

2. Polynomials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

3. Linear Equations in Two Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

4. Quadratic Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

5. Arithmetic Progressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

6. Triangles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

7. Coordinate Geometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

8. Introduction to Trigonometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

9. Applications of Trigonometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

10. Circles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58

11. Constructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

12. Areas Related to Circles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

13. Surface Areas and Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

14. Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

15. Probability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

Answer Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93-96

R
Chapter 1

eal Numbers
Points to Remember

(a) Euclid Division Lemma: For every positive integers ‘a’ and ‘b’, there exist unique whole numbers ‘q’ and ‘r’
satisfying the relation
a = bq + r where 0 ≤ r < b.
a×b×c
(b) If R is the remainder of the expression and ar br cr are the remainders when a, b, c are respectively
n
ar × br × cr a×b×c
divided by n then it can be said that will give the same remainder as given by .
n n
(c) Euclid Division Algorithm: If a = bq + r then every common divisor of a and b is a common divisor of b and r
also. HCF of any two positive integers say c and d where c > d can be obtained as follows:
(i) Apply Euclid’s Division Lemma to c and d so we have two whole numbers q and r such that
c = dq + r where 0 ≤ r < d.
(ii) If r = 0, d is the HCF of c and d.
(iii) If r ≠ 0 apply division Lemma to b and r and repeat the steps till we get r = 0.

(d) Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic: Every composite number can be expressed as a product of primes and
this factorization is unique, apart from the order in which the prime factors occur.
Example:
2 540
3 270
2 24 3 90
2 12 3 30
2 6 2 10
3 5

24 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 = 23 × 3 540 = 2 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 2 × 5 = 22 × 33 × 5
p
(e) Irrational Number: A number is called rational if it can be written in the form of , where p and q are
q
co-prime integers and q ≠ 0.
Any real number which is not rational is called irrational, i.e., irrational numbers can not be written in the
p
form of where p and q are co-prime integers and q ≠ 0.
q
(f) Let p be a prime number, If p divides a2 then p divides a where a is a positive integer.

(g) If p is prime then p is irrational.

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 5

(h) Decimal Expansion of Rational Number: Let x = (q ≠ 0) be a natural number such that the prime factors
of ‘q’ is all of the form 2m × 5n where m and n are non-negative integers then x has a decimal expansion
which is terminating otherwise non-terminating.
8 8 8 × 23 8×8
= = = = 0.064 (Terminating decimal)
125 5 × 5 × 5 5 × 2 ( 5 × 2) 3
3 3

(i) Finding LCM and HCF using Prime factorization Method:

Working rule to find HCF
a) Find the prime factorization of given numbers.
b) Take out the common prime factors and multiply them.
Example: Find HCF of 24, 36
24 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3
36 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 3
HCF (24, 36) = 2 × 2 × 3 = 12

Working rule to find LCM

a) Write the prime factors of each number.
b) Write all different factors and common factors, use the factors of greatest power.
c) Compute the product of all these factors which is the required LCM.
Example: Find LCM of 24, 36
24 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 = 23 × 3
36 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 = 22 × 32
LCM (24, 36) = 23 × 32 = 8 × 9 = 72

Exercise
1. For the given positive integers, a and b, there exist unique integer q and r satisfying a = bq + r where
0 ≤ r < b is known as
(a) Fermat Lemma (b) Gauss lemma (c) Euclid division lemma (d) Poincare Lemma

2. The sum or difference of a rational and an irrational number will be

(a) Rational (b) Irrational (c) Natural (d) Whole
p
3. Let x =
q be a rational number such that the prime factorization of q is not of the form of 2 5 , where
m n

m and n being non-negative integers, then x has a _____________ decimal expansion.

(a) non-terminating repeating (b) terminating
(c) non-terminating non-repeating (d) none of these

4. “Every composite number can be expressed as a product of primes, and this expression is unique, apart
from the order in which the prime factors occur”. This statement is better known as
(a) Fundamental Theorem of Algebra (b) Fundamental theorem of Arithmetic
(c) Fundamental theorem of geometry (d) None of these

6 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

5. For some integer m, every even integer is of the form
(a) m (b) m + 1 (c) 2m (d) 2m + 1

6. For some integer q, every odd integer is of the form

(a) q (b) q + 1 (c) 2q (d) 2q + 1

7. The unit digit obtained on simplifying 207 × 39 × 72 × 94 is

(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 0

8. Total number of even prime numbers is

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3

9. How many rational numbers can be obtained between 2 and 3?

(a) 2 (b) 5 (c) infinite (d) 1000

10. If mn = 32, where m and n are positive integers, then the value of nmn is
(a) 234 (b) 210 (c) 510 (d) 524
p
11. A number which can be expressed in the form of
q , where q ≠ 0 is a rational number is
(a) p and q are co-prime numbers (b) p and q are real numbers
(c) p and q are irrational numbers (d) p and q are integers

12. n2 – 1 is divisible by 8, if n is
(a) an integer (b) a natural number (c) an odd number (d) an even number

13. If a non-zero rational number is multiplied by an irrational number then we always get
(a) an irrational number (b) a rational number
(c) zero (d) one

14. The largest number which divides 70 and 125 leaving remainders 5 and 8 respectively is
(a) 13 (b) 65 (c) 875 (d) 1750

15. The product of a non-zero rational and an irrational number is

(a) always irrational (b) always rational (c) rational or irrational (d) one

16. If we write 0.5 as a rational number, we get

9 5
a) (b) 1 (c) (d) 0
10 9

17. An irrational number between 2 and 3 is

(a) 2.5 (b) 2.001 (c) 2.1333333456… (d) 2.1

18. The least number that is divisible by all numbers from 1 to 10 (both inclusive) is
(a) 10 (b) 100 (c) 504 (d) 2520

19. If the HCF of 65 and 117 is expressible in the form of 65m – 117 then the value of m is
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

20. The greatest number that divides 87 and 97 leaving 7 as remainder is

(a) 10 (b) 1 (c) 87 × 97 (d) 6300

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 7

21. The rational number that corresponds to 0.6 + 0.7 + 0.47 is
83 7 43 173
(a) (b) (c) (d)
90 9 90 90

22. The HCF of two consecutive rational numbers p and p + 1 is

(a) p (b) p + 1 (c) 1 (d) 0

23. If pn = ( a × 5)n, for pn to end with the digit zero ‘a’ = _____________ for any natural number n is
(a) any natural number (b) any even number (c) any odd number (d) none

24. 2 − 5 is
(a) a rational number (b) a natural number (c) an irrational number (d) a whole number

25. The number given below which always ends with the digit 6 for all natural numbers n is
(a) 4n (b) 6n (c) 2n (d) 8n

26. There is a circular path around a field. Nilabh takes 22 minutes to complete one round while Nishtha takes
20 minutes to complete the same. If they both start at the same time and move in the same direction,
after how many minutes will they meet again at the starting point?
(a) 220 minutes (b) 230 minutes (c) 440 minutes (d) 280 minutes

27. If two positive integers p and q can be expressed as p = ab2 and q = a3b; a, b being prime numbers then
LCM ( p, q) is
(a) ab (b) a2b2 (c) a3b2 (d) a2b3

28. Any one of number m, m + 2 and m + 4 is a multiple of

(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5

29. If p is a prime number and p divides k2, then p divides

(a) 2k2 (b) k (c) 3k (d) none of these

30. If p = HCF (100, 190) and q = LCM (100, 190) then p2q2 is
(a) 3.61 × 106 (b) 3.61 × 103 (c) 3.61 × 105 (d) 3.61 × 108

31. If a and b are positive integers, then HCF (a, b) × LCM (a, b)

(a) a × b (b) a + b (c) a – b (d)

32. π is
(a) a natural number (b) not a real number (c) a rational number (d) an irrational number

33. The missing number in the factor tree is

3
18 2

(a) 4 (b) 5 (c) 6 (d) 8

8 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

 91
34. , when written in decimal form terminates; as the factor of denominator are in the form of 2m × 5n.
625
This number will terminate after how many digits?
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
8
35. Decimal representation of rational number is
27
(a) 0.296 (b) 0.296 (c) 0.296 (d) none of these

36. The HCF and LCM of two numbers are 4 and 9696, then the product of two numbers is
(a) 9696 (b) 24242 (c) 38784 (d) 4848
p
37. A number
q when expressed in decimal form terminates after 7 digits then factor of q are of the form of
xm × yn ; the value of x + y should be
(a) 7 (b) 14 (c) 9 (d) 26

38. The HCF of two numbers is 8, which one of the following can never be their LCM.
(a) 24 (b) 48 (c) 56 (d) 60

39. The LCM of two co-prime numbers is 638. One number is 29, find the other number.
(a) 16 (b) 22 (c) 36 (d) 17

40. If A, B and C are three numbers such that LCM of A and B is B and the LCM of B and C is C then LCM of
A, B and C is
A + B + C
(a) A (b) B (c) C (d)
3

41. The ratio of two numbers is 3 : 4 and their HCF is 4, what is the LCM.
(a) 12 (b) 16 (c) 24 (d) 48

42. The LCM of two prime numbers x and y (x > y) is 161. The value of 3y – x is
(a) –2 (b) –1 (c) 1 (d) 2

43. If HCF (16, x) = 8, LCM (16, x) = 48 then x =

(a) 12 (b) 24 (c) 36 (d) 48

44. Find the value of x.

46046

2 23023

x 3289

11 299

13 23
(a) 5 (b) 16 (c) 7 (d) 29

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 9

45. 7 × 11 × 13 + 7 is a
(a) Composite number (b) Perfect number (c) Prime number (d) Irrational number

46. What is the smallest number by which 5 − 2 is to be multiplied to make it a rational number?
(a) 5 (b) (c) 5 + 2 (d) 4

47. For any positive integer n, n3 – n is divisible by

(a) 5 (b) 6 (c) 9 (d) 11

48. 45 × 20 is a
(a) rational number (b) irrational number (c) perfect number (d) cube number

49. If a = 4q + r then what value r can’t take?

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 3 (d) 4

50. The LCM of two numbers is 24 times their HCF. The sum of their HCF and LCM is 375. If one number is 45
then what is the other number?
(a) 112 (b) 125 (c) 120 (d) 245

51. Write True or False against the given statements.

(a) HCF (a, b, c) × LCM (a, b, c) = a × b × c.
(b) A prime number is divisible by 2 and 3.
(c) If p/q is a rational number such that the prime factorization of q is of the form of 2n 5m then it is
terminating decimal expansion.
(d) A number which cannot be expressed in the form of p/q where q ≠ 0 is an irrational number.
(e) 9n will end with zero after 4 decimal places.
(f) If p is a prime and p divides a2 then p divides a.

52. What would be the value of n for n2 – 1 divisible by 8?

53. State whether 7 × 11 × 13 + 7 is a composite number or a prime number?

54. After how many places the decimal expansion of will terminate?

55. Find the least number which is divisible by all numbers from 1 to 10.
56. What is the HCF of 33 × 5 and 32 × 52?

10 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

P
Chapter 2

olynomials
Points to Remember

(a) An algebraic expression of the form

p(x) = a0 + a1 x + a2 x2 + ......... + an xn where a ≠ 0 is called a polynomial of degree n. Where a0 , a1 , ... , an are
real numbers and each power of x is a non-negative integer.
2
Example: 3x3 + 7x2 + 8x + 9 is a polynomial but x + x + 2 is not a polynomial.

The highest power of x in p(x) is called the degree of polynomial. Example:

(i) A polynomial of degree 0 is called a constant polynomial.
(ii) A polynomial of degree 1 is called a linear polynomial.
Example: x + 2, 3y + 4
(iii) A polynomial of degree 2 is called a quadratic polynomial.
Example: 2x2 + 3x + 4
(iv) A polynomial of degree 3 is called a cubic polynomial.
Example: 3x3 + 4x2 + 7x + 8
(v) A polynomial of degree 4 is called a bi-quadric polynomial.
Example: 4x4 + 3x3 + 6x2 + 7x + 9
(b) Zeros of polynomial: A real number ‘a’ is said to be zero of polynomial p(x) of p (a) = 0
geometrically, the zeros of polynomial p(x) are precisely the x-coordinates of the points where the graph of
y = p(x) intersects the x-axis.
(c) A polynomial can have almost the same number of zeros as the degree of the polymonials.
(d) If the zero of a quadratic polynomial p(x) is negative of the other, then coefficient of x = 0.
(e) If zeros of a quadratic polynomial p(x) are reciprocal of each other then coefficient of x2 = constant term.

Relationship between zeros and coefficient of polynomials

Type of Relationship between zeros and

General form Number of zeros
polynomial coefficients
b Constant term
Linear ax + b (a ≠ 0) 1 x= − = –
a Coefficient of x

Sum of zeros (a + b)
Coefficient of x –b
= – =
Coefficient x 2 a
Quadratic ax2 + bx + c (a ≠ 0) 2
Product of zeros (a × b)
Constant term c
= =
Coefficient of x 2 a

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 11

 Sum of zeros (a + b + g)
Coefficient of x 2 –b
= – =
Coefficient of x 3 a
Product of sum of zeros taken two at a time
ab + bg + ag
Cubic ax3 + bx2 + cx + d 3
(a ≠ 0) =

Product of zeros (abg)

Constant term –d
= – =
Coefficient of x 3 a

Equation
• A quadratic polynomial having its roots a and b is
x2 – (sum of roots)x + Product of Roots
x2 – (a + b)x + ab
• A cubic polynomial whose roots are a, b, g is
x3 – (a + b + g) x2 + (ab + bg + ag)x + abg

Division Algorithm for Polynomials

If p(x) and g(x) are any two polynomials with g(x) ≠ 0 then we can find polynomials q(x) and r(x) such that
p(x) = g(x) × q(x) + r(x); where r(x) = 0 or deg r(x) < deg g(x)
This is basically, Dividend = Divisor × Quotient + Remainder
If remainder r(x) = 0, g(x) is a factor of p(x)

Graph of polynomials
• Graph of linear polynomial is a straight line.
• Graph of quadratic polynomial is a parabola.

Exercise
1. Fill in the blanks.
(a) A polynomial of degree 0 is called a _______________ polynomial.
(b) A polynomial of degree 1 is called a _______________ polynomial.
(c) A polynomial of degree 2 is called a _______________ polynomial.
(d) A polynomial of degree 3 is called a _______________ polynomial.
(e) A polynomial of degree 4 is called a _______________ polynomial.
(f) The number of zeros of a quadratic polynomial is _______________ .
(g) The number of zeros of a cubic polynomial is _______________ .
(h) The graph of a quadratic polynomial is a _______________ .
(i) A quadratic equation can have _______________ two roots.
(j) If α is a zero of p(x) then _______________ is a factor of p(x).

12 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

2. How many zeros do the following quadratic polynomials have?
Y Y

X’ X
O
X’ X
O

Y’ Y’

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) none

3. If a, b, c are the zeros of the polynomial 2x3 – x2 + 3x – 1, find the value of (abc) + (ab + bc + ca)
1
(a) 2 (b) 1.5 (c) (d) 0
2

4. The value of p for which 2x3 + 9x2 – x – p is exactly divisible by 2x + 3 is

(a) – 15 (b) 15 (c) 9 (d) – 9

5. If one of the zeros of the quadratic polynomial (k –1) x2 + kx + 1 is – 3, then the value of k is
4 −4 2 −2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3 3 3 3

6. If P(x) and D(x) are two polynomials such that D(x) ≠ 0, there exist unique polynomials Q(x) and R(x) such
that P(x) = D(x) . Q(x) + R(x) where
(a) R(x) = 0 and deg R(x) > deg Q(x) (b) R(x) = 0 or deg R(x) > deg Q(x)
(c) R(x) = 0 or deg R(x) < deg Q(x) (d) R(x) = 0 and deg R(x) > deg Q(x)

7. Write a polynomial with the sum, sum of product of its zeros taken two at a time and the product of its
zeros as –2, +5 and –3 respectively.
(a) 2x3 + 3x2 – 5x + 3 (b) 4x3 + 7x2 – 5x + 3
(c) x3 + 2x2 + 5x + 3 (d) 2x3 – 3x2 + 7x + 3

8. If 2 ± 3 are the two zeros of a polynomial then which of the polynomial you can make with these roots?
(a) x2 – 4x + 1 (b) x2 + 4x + 1 (c) 4x2 – 4x + 3 (d) x2 – 4x + 3

9. If one zero of the polynomial ax3 + bx2 + cx + d is zero, then the product of other two zeros is
b c d
(a) a (b) (c) (d)
a a a

10. If the polynomials ax3 + 4x2 + 3x – 4 and x2 – 4x + a, leave the same remainder when divided by x –3, then
value of a is
–22
(a) 20 (b) (c) 1 (d) –2b
13

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 13

 α β
11. If α and β are the zeros of x2 – lx + m, then what is the value of +
β α
l 2 − 2m l 2 + 2m l 2 + 6m
(a) (b) (c) (d) 0
m m m

12. If one zero of 3x2 – 8x + 2k + 1 is seven times the other then find k.
2 1 1 5
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3 3 4 4

13. If α, β are the zeros of x2 – 8x + k such that α − β = 2 then find the value of k.
(a) 8 (b) 15 (c) 22 (d) 24

14. A quadratic polynomial, whose zeros are –3 and 4 is

(a) x2 – x − 12 (b) x2 + x + 12 (c) 3x2 – 7x + 12 (d) 2x2 + x + 12

15. If the zeros of the quadratic polynomial x2 + (a + 1)x + b are 2 and –3 then
(a) a = –7, b = –1 (b) a = 5, b = –1 (c) a = 2, b = –6 (d) a = 0, b = –6

16. The zeros of the quadratic polynomial x2 + 99x + 127 are

(a) both positive (b) both negative (c) one positive and one negative (d) both equal

17. If one of the zeros of a quadratic polynomial of the form x2 + ax + b is the negative of other then it
(a) has no linear term and the constant term is negative.
(b) has no linear term and the constant term is positive.
(c) can have a linear term but the constant term is negative.
(d) can have a linear term but the constant term is positive.

18. If α and β are the zeros of polynomial 2x2 + 5x + 1 then what is the value of α + β + αβ?
(a) –2 (b) 2 (c) 7 (d) 8

19. Find the sum of zeros of the polynomial x2 + 7x + 10.

(a) –5 (b) –7 (c) 10 (d) 2

20. Find the product of zeros of the polynomial −2x2 + 5x + 10.

5
(a) 5 (b) –5 (c) (d) 10
2
21. If α and β are the zeros of polynomial 5x2 + 2x – 3 then find the value of α + β.
−2
(a) –2 (b) (c) –5 (d) 0
5
b+c
22. If one of the zero of the polynomial ax2 + bx + c is 1, then find the value of .
a
(a) 0 (b) –1 (c) 3 (d) –5

23. If α and β are the zeros of the polynomial 2x2 – 5x + 8 then find the value of a2 + b2.
−3 −7
(a) –7 (b) (c) (d) 10
4 4

24. If x + a is the factor of polynomial 2x2 + 2ax + 5x + 10 then find the value of a.
(a) 4 (b) –8 (c) –3 (d) 2

14 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

25. How many zeros are in the given graph?
Y

X’ X

Y’
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5

26. If x + 4 is a factor of the polynomial x2 + ax + 4b and a + b = 8 then find the value of a and b.
(a) a = 8, b = 2 (b) a = 6, b = 2 (c) a = 4, b = 4 (d) a = 11, b = –3

27. Find the number of zeros in the given graph.

Y
O
X’ X

Y’
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) 4 (d) 2
1 1
28. If α and β are the zeros of the polynomial f(x) = x2 + x + 1 then what is the value of + ?
α β
(a) 1 (b) –1 (c) 2 (d) –2

29. If one zero of the polynomial f(x) = (k2 + 4) x2 + 13x + 4k is reciprocal of the other then find the value of
k?
(a) 1 (b) –2 (c) 2 (d) –2

30. If the zeros of the polynomial f(x) = x3 – 3px2 + qx – r are in AP then

pq pq
(a) 2p3 = pq – r (b) 2p3 = pq + r (c) 2p3 = (d) p3 = − r
r 2

31. If α and β are the zeros of the polynomial f(x) = x2 – p(x + 1) x – c such that (α + 1) (β + 1) = 0 then what
is the value of c?
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) –1 (d) 2

32. A quadratic polynomial whose one zero is 6 and sum of the zeros is 0, is
(a) x2 – 6x + 2 (b) x2 – 36 (c) x2 – 6 (d) x2 – 3

33. If graph of a polynomial does not intersect the x-axis but intersects y-axis in one point, then number of
zeros of the polynomial is equal to
       (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 0 or 1 (d) none of these

34. Zeros of a polynomial can be determined graphically. Number of zeros of a polynomial is equal to number
of points where the graph of polynomial
       (a) intersects y-axis (b)  intersects x-axis      
(c) intersects y-axis or intersects x-axis (d) none of these

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 15

35. Find the number of zeros of the given graph.
Y

X’ X

Y’

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 0

36. The zeroes of the polynomial f(x) = 4x2 – 12x + 9 are

3 3 −3 −3
(a) , (b) , (c) 3, 4 (d) –3, – 4
2 2 2 2

37. In the given diagram we have the graph of polynomial f(x) = ax2 + bx + c then which of the following is
true?

 –b –D 
 ,  Y
 2a 4a 

X’ O X
f(x) = ax2 + bx + c

Y’

(a) a >0, b <0 and c > 0 (b) a < 0, b < 0 and c < 0
(c) a< 0, b> 0 and c > 0 (d) none of the following

38. If α, β and γ are the zeros of the polynomial f(x) = ax3 + bx2 + cx + d then α2 + β2 + γ2 = ?
b2 − ac b2 − 2ac b2 + ac b − 2ac
(a) (b) (c) (d)
a 2
a 2
b 2
a2
1 1 1
39. If α, β and γ are the zeros of the polynomial f(x) = x3 – px2 + qx – r then find the value of + +
αβ βγ γα
r p r q
(a) (b) (c) (d)
p r q p

40. The relationship between the zeros and coefficients of the quadratic polynomial ax2 + bx + c is
−b −c b c
(a) α + β = (b) α + β = (c) α + β = (d) α + β =
a a a a

41. Find a quadratic polynomial, the sum and product of whose zeros are –7 and –2.
(a) x2 – 7x + 2 (b) x2 + 7x + 2 (c) x2 + 7x – 2 (d) x2 – 7x – 2

42. The zeros of the quadratic polynomial x2 + 7x + 12 are

(a) –2, –5 (b) –3, – 4 (c) –5, –2 (d) –6, –1

16 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

43. Find p and q, if the zeros of the polynomial x3 – 3x2 + x + 1 are p – q, p and p + q.

(a) p = 1 (b)
± 2, q = = p 2, q 1 (c)
= = p 2,
= q 2 (d) p = 1, q = –2

44. If two zeros of the polynomial f(x) = x3 – 4x2 – 3x + 12 are 3 and − 3 then find the third zero.
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) –5 (d) –1

45. If p and q are the zeros of the quadratic polynomial 4x2 – 1 = 0, find the value of p2 + q2.
3 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d) 1
2 4 2

46. Form a quadratic polynomial of which one zero is 6 − 5 and the sum of the zeros is 12.
(a) x – 4x + 30
2
(b) x + 4x – 31
2
(c) x – 12x – 31
2
(d) x2 – 12x + 31

47. Find the remainder when 2t4 – 6t3 + 2t2 – t + 2 is divided by t + 2.

(a) 90 (b) 91 (c) 92 (d) 93

48. If the sum of the zeros of the polynomial p (x) = 2x3 – 3kx2 + 4x – 5 is 6 then the value of k is
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) – 4 (d) 6

49. What is the difference between the values of the polynomial x2 – 12x + 31 at x = 1 and x = 2?
(a) 6 (b) 9 (c) –5 (d) 0

50. If x100 + 2.x99 + k is divisible by x + 1 then the value of k is

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) –2

51. Write True or False against given statements.

(a) A quadratic polynomial is an algebraic expression of the form ax2 + bx + c, where a, b, c are real
numbers with a ≠ 0.
(b) For the quadratic polynomial ax2 + bx + c, where a, b, c are real numbers with a ≠ 0, sum of zeros is .
(c) Graph of linear polynomial is a parabola.
(d) The polynomial of degree 2 has at least two zeros.
(e) If α, β are the zeros of the polynomials then p(x) = k{x2 – (sum of zeros)x + product of zeros}, where k
is any non-zero real number.

52. What will be number of zeros of a linear polynomial p(x) if its graph does not intersect or touch x-axis at
any point?

53. If one zeros of p(x) = 4x2 – (8k2 – 40k)x – 9 is negative of others, find the value of k.

54. What will be the number of real zeros of the polynomial z2 + 1?

55. If α and are zeros of the polynomial 4x2 – 17x + (k – 4), find the value of k.

56. If one zero of the quadratic polynomial x2 – 5x – 6 is 6 then find the other zero.

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 17

 L
Chapter 3

inear Equations in Two Variables

Points to Remember

(a) The general form of a pair of linear equation is

a1 x + b1 y + c1 = 0
a2 x + b2 y + c2 = 0
where a1 , a2 , b1 , b2 , c1 , c2 are real numbers.

(b) The graph of a pair of linear equations in two variables is represented by two lines
(i) if the lines intersect at a point, the pair of equations is consistent.
(ii) if the lines are parallel then there is no solution and the pair of linear equations is inconsistent.
(iii) if the lines coincide, then there are infinitely many solutions. The pair of linear equations is consistent.
Y Y Y

O X O X O X

Unique solution No solution Infinitely many solutions

Algebraic Interpretation of pair of linear equations in two variables

If a1 x + b1 y + c1 = 0
a2 x + b2 y + c2 = 0 Then

S. No. Condition Graphical representation Algebraic interpretation

a1 b
1. ≠ 1 Intersecting lines Unique solution
a2 b2

a1 b1 c1
2. = = Coincident lines Infinitely many solutions
a2 b2 c2

a1 b1 c
3. = ≠ 1 Parallel lines No solution
a2 b2 c2

Cross-Multiplication Method
Let the pair of linear equations be:
a1 x + b 1 y + c 1 = 0
a2 x + b 2 y + c 2 = 0

18 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

 x y 1 b c –b c c1a2 – a1c2
Then = = , x= 1 2 2 1 y=
b1c2 – b2 c1 c1a2 – c2a1 a1b2 – a2 b1 a1b2 – a2 b1 a1b2 – a2 b1

Exercise
1. Fill in the blanks.
(a) A system of simultaneous linear equations is said to be consistent, if it has at least ___________ solution.
(b) A system of simultaneous linear equations is said to be inconsistent if it has _______________ solution.
(c) The system of equations a1 x + b1 y + c1 = 0 and a2 x + b2 y + c2 = 0 is consistent with unique solution
if _______________ .
(d) The system of equations a1 x + b1 y + c1 = 0 and a2 x + b2 y + c2 = 0 is consistent with infinitely many
solutions if _______________ .
(e) The system of equations a1 x + b1 y + c1 = 0 and a2 x + b2 y + c2 = 0 is inconsistent with no solution if
_______________ .
(f) The graphical representation of the system of linear equations will be _______________ if it is consistent
with unique solution.
(g) The graphical representation of the system of linear equations will be _______________ if it is consistent
with no solution.

2. The system of equations 3x – 5y = 20 and 6x – 10y = 40 has

(a) one solution (b) exactly two solutions
(c) infinitely many solutions (d) no solution

3. For what value of k, do the equations 3x – y + 8 = 0 and 6x – ky + 16 = 0 represent coincident lines?

1 −1
(a) (b) (c) 2 (d) –2
2 2

4. The value of k for which the system of equations kx – y = 2 and 6x – 2y = 3 has a unique solution is
(a) = 3 (b) ≠ 3 (c) ≠ 0 (d) = 0

5. If the system of equations 2x + 3y = 7 and (a + b)x + (2a – b)y = 21 has infinitely many solutions, then
(a) a = 1, b = 5 (b) a = 5, b = 1 (c) a = –1, b = 5 (d) a = 5, b = –1

6. The value of k for which the system of equations x + 2y = 5 and 3x + ky + 15 = 0 has no solution is
3
(a) 6 (b) – 6 (c) (d) none of these
2
x y
7. The area of triangle formed by the line + = 1 with the co-ordinate axis is
a b
1 1
(a) ab (b) 2ab (c) ab (d) ab
2 4

8. The area of triangle formed by the lines x = 3, y = 4 and x = y is

1
(a) sq. unit (b) 1 sq. unit (c) 4 sq. unit (d) none of these
2

9. The line 3x + 2y = 12 meets x-axis at

(a) (0, 1) (b) (4, 0) (c) (2, 3) (d) (0, 6)

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 19

10. The solution of the system of equations x – y + 1 = 0, 3x + 2y – 12 = 0 is
(a) (0, 1) (b) (4, 0) (c) (2, 3) (d) (0, 6)

11. The line x = 6

(a) passes through origin (b) is parallel to x-axis
(c) is parallel to y-axis (d) does not meet y-axis at all

12. Ten students of class 10 took part in a mathematics quiz. If the number of girls is 4 more than the number
of boys, find the number of boys who took part in the quiz.
(a) 3 (b) 7 (c) 2 (d) 8

13. The perimeter of a rectangle is 44 cm. Its length exceeds twice its breadth by 4 cm. Find the area of rectangle.
(a) 46 cm2 (b) 49 cm2 (c) 96 cm2 (d) 66 cm2

14. The pair of equations x + 2y + 5 = 0 and –3x – 6y + 1 = 0 have

(a) unique solution (b) exactly two solutions
(c) infinitely many solutions (d) no solution

15. A pair of equations y = 0 and y = –7 has

(a) unique solution (b) exactly two solutions
(c) infinitely many solutions (d) no solution

16. The pair of equations x = a and y = b graphically represents lines which are
(a) parallel (b) intersecting at (a, b) (c) coincident (d) intersecting at (b, a)

17. If x = a and y = b is the solution of the equations x – y = 2 and x + y = 4 then the values of a and b are
respectively
(a) (3, 5) (b) (5, 3) (c) (3, 1) (d) (–1, –3)

18. For what value of k the given linear equations kx – 3y + 6 = 0 and 4x – 6y + 15 = 0 will have parallel lines?
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 6 (d) –3

19. Find the value of a if point (3, a) lies on the line 2x – 3y = 5

1 1 1
(a) 0 (b) (c) (d)
2 3 4

20. If angles of triangle are x0 , y0, (y + 20)0 respectively and y – x = 500, then the triangle is
(a) equilateral triangle (b) isosceles triangle
(c) right angled triangle (d) right angled isosceles triangle

21. Find the coordinate of the point where the graph of line x + 2y = 5 meet at x-axis.
Y
4
3
2 x+2
y=
1 5
X’ X
–2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5
–1
Y’
(a) (4, 1) (b) (2, 3) (c) (5, 0) (d) (0, 5)

20 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

22. A motor cyclist is moving along the line x – y = 2 and another motor cyclist is moving along the
line x – y = 4, find out their moving direction.
(a) parallel (b) intersecting (c) can’t determine (d) moving North

23. What is the point of intersection of the line represented by 3x – 2y = 6 and the y-axis?
(a) (2, 0) (b) (–3, 0) (c) (0, –3) (d) (2, 1)

24. ABCDE is a pentagon with BE || CD and BC || DE. BC is perpendicular to CD. If the perimeter of ABCDE is
22 cm, find x and y.
A

3 cm 3 cm

B E
5 cm
x–y 3 cm

C D
x+y
(a) x = 4, y = 1 (b) x = 2, y = 3 (c) x = –3, y = 2 (d) x = 1, y = 4

25. If x = 2m and y = 3 is the solution of x + y = 7, find the value of m.

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

26. The pair of equations x = a and y = b graphically represents the line which are
(a) parallel (b) intersecting (c) parallel to x-axis (d) parallel to y-axis

27. The sum of the digits of a two-digit number is 9. If 27 is added to it, the digit gets reversed. What is the
number?
(a) 36 (b) 27 (c) 63 (d) 45

28. Sum of two numbers is 35 and their difference is 13, then the numbers are
(a) 24, 12 (b) 24, 11 (c) 12, 11 (d) none

29. If ( 6, k) is a solution of the equation 3x + y = 22, then the value of k is

(a) 4 (b) – 4 (c) 3 (d) –3

30. Point (4, 3) lies on the line

(a) 3x + 7y = 27 (b) 7x + 2y = 47 (c) 3x + 4y = 24 (d) 5x – 4y = 1

31. If bx + ay = a2 + b2 and ax – by = 0 then the value of x – y is.

(a) b – a (b) a – b (c) a2 – b2 (d) a2 + b2

32. The sum of two digits and the number formed by interchanging its digit is 110. If ten is subtracted from
the first number, the new number is 4 more than 5 times of the sum of the digits in the first number. Find
the first number.
(a) 46 (b) 65 (c) 64 (d) 92

33. If x = a, y = b is the solution of the pair of equations x – y = 2 and x + y = 4 then what will be value of a
and b?
(a) 2, 2 (b) 3, 1 (c) 1, 3 (d) 4, 0

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 21

34. Sonika can row downstream 20 km in 2 hours and upstream 4 km in 2 hours. What will be the speed of
rowing in still water?
(a) 6 kmph (b) 4 kmph (c) 8 kmph (d) 2 kmph

35. Sanvi has only ` 1 and ` 2 coins with her. If the total number of coins that she has is 50 and the amount
of money with her is ` 75, then the number of ` 1 and ` 2 coins are respectively
(a) 35, 15 (b) 35, 20 (c) 15, 35 (d) 25, 25

36. The father’s age is six times his son’s age. Four years hence, the age of father will be four times his son’s
age. The present ages, in years, of the son and the father are respectively
(a) 4, 24 (b) 5, 30 (c) 6, 36 (d) 3, 24

37. For what value of k will the system of equations x + 2y = 5 and 3x + ky = 15 has a unique solution?
(a) k ≠ 2 (b) k ≠ 4 (c) k ≠ 6 (d) k ≠ –3
4
38. A fraction becomes , if 1 is added to both numerator and denominator. If however 5 is subtracted from
5 1
both the numerator and denominator, the fraction becomes . What is the fraction?
2
4 6 7 9
(a) (b) (c) (d)
5 7 9 11

39. In triangle ABC, if ∠C = 3∠B = 2(∠A + ∠B), then find the value of B.
(a) 400 (b) 500 (c) 600 (d) 700

40. 4 chairs and 3 tables cost ` 2100 and 5 chairs and 2 tables cost ` 1750, find the cost of a chair.
(a) ` 150 (b) ` 200 (c) ` 350 (d) ` 300

41. Find the value of u and v if the system of linear equations is 6u + 3v = 7uv; 3u + 9v = 11uv
(a) 0, 0 (b) 1, 1.5
(c) 2, 2 (d) both (a) and (b) are true

42. Given is the system of inconsistent equations: 2x + 7y = 11 and 5x + k y = 25, find k.

35
(a) 4 (b) 35 (c) (d) –4
2

43. Find the values of x and y if ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral and angles in order are 6x + 100, 5x0, x + y, 3y – 100
(a) 300, 200 (b) 300, 400 (c) 200, 300 (d) 500, 300

44. For what value of k will the equations x + 2y + 7 = 0 and 2x + ky + 14 = 0 represent coincident lines?
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5

45. Two numbers are in the ratio of 5 : 6. If 8 is subtracted from each of the numbers, the ratio becomes 4 : 5.
Find the numbers.
(a) 27, 45 (b) 40, 48 (c) 30, 36 (d) 35, 40

46. If the system of equations 2x + 3y = 5, 4x + ky = 10 has infinitely many solutions then the value of k
will be.
(a) 1 (b) 4 (c) 6 (d) 9

22 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

47. Which of the following methods to solve the linear equations in two variables is not an algebraic
method?
(a) Graphical method (b) Substitution method
(c) Elimination method (d) Cross multiplication method

48. If am ≠ bl then the system of equations ax + by = c; lx + my = n

(a) has a unique solution (b) has no solution
(c) has infinitely many solutions (d) may or may not have solution

49. The larger of two supplementary angles exceeds the smaller by 180, find the larger angle .
(a) 880 (b) 990 (c) 1040 (d) 1170

50. A father is three times as old as his son. After 12 years, his age will be twice to that of his son. Find the
present age of son.
(a) 12 years (b) 24 years (c) 36 years (d) 48 years

51. Write True or False against each statement.

(a) The graph of a pair of linear equations in two variables is represented by two lines.
(b) Pair of linear equations in two variables can’t be solved by graphical method.
(c) If the graph of a pair of linear equations in two variables coincides then there will be infinitely many
solutions.
(d) Pair of linear equations in two variables can be solved using elimination method.

52. Match the following.

If a pair of linear equations is given by a1 x + b1 y + c1 = 0 and a2 x + b2 y + c2 = 0 then
Column I Column II
a1 b
(a) ≠ 1 (i)   infinitely many solutions
a2 b2

a1 b1 c
(b) = ≠ 1 (ii) no solution
a2 b2 c2

a1 b1 c1
(c) = = (iii) unique solution
a2 b2 c2

53. If x = 3m – 1 and y = 4 is a solution of the equation x + y = 6 then find the value of m.

54. A motor cyclist is moving along the line x – y = 2 and another motor cyclist is moving along the line
x – y = 4, find their moving direction.

55. If 2x + 5y = 4, write another linear equation so that lines represented by them are coincident.

56. Find the coordinate where the line x – y = 8 intersects y-axis.

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 23

Q
Chapter 4

uadratic Equations
Points to Remember

An equation of the form ax2 + bx + c = 0 (a ≠ 0) is called a quadratic equation in one variable x, where a, b, c are
constants.
Example: 2x2 + 3x + 4 = 0

Roots of Quadratic Equation

A quadratic equation will have two roots and can be obtained by
(a) Factor method
(b) Completing the square method
–b ± b2 – 4ac
(c) Formulae x =
2a
Here, b2 – 4ac is called the Discriminant and denoted by D.

Nature of Roots
(a) If D > 0 roots are real and unequal
(b) If D = 0 roots are real and equal
(c) If D < 0 there exist no real roots

Method of Completing Square

If ax2 + bx + c = 0 (Multiplying by 4a)
4a2x2 + 4abx + 4ac = 0
⇒ (2ax)2 + 2 (2ax).b + 4ac = 0
⇒ (2ax)2 + 2. (2ax).b + b2 – b2 + 4ac = 0 (Adding and Subtracting b2)
⇒ (2ax + b)2 = b2 – 4ac
⇒ 2ax + b = ± b2 – 4ac
⇒ 2ax = –b ± b2 – 4ac
–b ± b2 – 4ac
⇒x=
2a

–b + b2 – 4ac – b – b2 – 4ac
Roots are and
2a 2a

24 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

 Exercise
1. If p(x) = ax2 + bx + c is a quadratic polynomial and p(x) = 0 for a ≠ 0, is called
(a) Quadratic expression (b) Quadratic equation
(c) Quadratic function (d) All of the three

2. For the given quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0, its discriminant is given by

(a) b2 – 4a (b) b2 – 4ac (c) b2 + 4a (d) b2 + 4ac

3. The quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0, a ≠ 0 has two distinct real roots if

(a) D > 0 (b) D < 0 (c) D = 0 (d) None of these

4. The quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0, a ≠ 0 has no real roots if

(a) D > 0 (b) D < 0 (c) D = 0 (d) None of these

5. The quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0, a ≠ 0 has two equal roots if

(a) D > 0 (b) D < 0 (c) D = 0 (d) None of these

6. The value of discriminant of the quadratic equation 3x 2 +2 2x–2 3=0 is

(a) –32 (b) 23 (c) 32 (d) –23

7. Find two numbers whose sum is 24 and product is 143.

(a) 13, 11 (b) 12, 12 (c) 8, 16 (d) None of these

8. For what value of k the equation 9x2 – kx + 81 = 0 has equal roots?

(a) ± 34 (b) ± 54 (c) + 64 (d) ± 45

9. If one root of the quadratic equation 2x2 + kx – 6 = 0 is 2, find the value of k.

5
(a) –2 (b) –3 (c) –1 (d)
2
10. The roots of the quadratic equation 25x + 20x + 7 = 0 are
2

(a) Real and imaginary (b) Real and Distinct (c) Imaginary (d) can’t say

11. If x = 2 and x = 3 are roots of the equation 3x2 – 2kx + 2m = 0, find the value of m.
(a) 9 (b) –9 (c) –12 (d) 23

12. The sum of the squares of two consecutive even natural numbers is 52. Find the numbers.
(a) 2, 4 (b) 4, 6 (c) 6, 9 (d) 11, 12

13. The length of a rectangle is greater than twice its breadth by 2 cm. The length of its diagonal is 13 cm.
Find the length and the breadth of the rectangle.
(a) 12 cm, 5 cm (b) 5 cm, 3 cm (c) 6 cm, 15 cm (d) 9 cm, 7 cm

14. If α and β are the roots of the equation x2 + ax + b = 0, where b ≠ 0, then the roots of the equation 
bx2 + ax + 1 = 0 are
1 1 1 1 α β
(a) , (b) α2 β2 (c) 2
, 2 (d) ,
α β α β β α
15. If roots of x² – 5x + a = 0 are equal, then a = ?
24 25 25
(a) (b) (c) (d) None of these
5 6 4

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 25

 −1
16. If x = is a solution of the equation x2 + 4kx – 1 = 0 then the value of k is
3
2 −2 1 −1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3 3 3 3

17. If the equation x2 + 6x – 91 = 0 can be written as (x + p) (x + q) = 0 then find p and q.

(a) 13, –7 (b) 18, 12 (c) 14, 8 (d) 6, –6

18. If the equation (a2 + b2)x2 – 2 (ac + bd)x + (d2 + c2) = 0 has equal roots then
(a) 2b = a + c (b) b2= ac (c) ba + ac = 2ac (d) bc = ad

19. For what value of k the equation x2 – 4x + k = 0 has distinct roots?

(a) k = 4 (b) k > 4 (c) k < 4 (d) k ≥ 4

20. The nature of roots of the quadratic equation x2 + x + 1 = 0 is

(a) equal roots (b) unequal and real roots
(c) no real root exist (d) can’t say

21. What is the discriminant of x2 + 2x + 4 = 0?

(a) 12 (b) 16 (c) –12 (d) 0

22. If the roots of the equation (b – c)x2 + (c – a)x + (a – b) = 0 are equal, then which of the following options
is correct?
(a) 2b = a + c (b) b2 = ac (c) ac = b (d) ab = c2

23. The sum of the squares of two consecutive natural numbers is 313. Find the numbers.
(a) 12, 13 (b) 13, 14 (c) 12, 16 (d) 8, 18

24. A whole number, which when increased by 20 is equal to 69 times the reciprocal of the whole number.
Find the number.
(a) 23 (b) 3 (c) 6 (d) 13

25. If one root of the quadratic equation 2x2 + px – 6 = 0 is 2, find the other root.
−3 1 3 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 2 4 4
26. A line AB is 8 cm in length. AB is produced to P such that BP2 = AB.AP, find BP.
(a) 4 cm (b) 4 5 cm (c) 4 + 4 5 cm (d) 8 cm

27. A number whose square diminished by 84 is equal to thrice of 8 more than the given number. Find the
number.
(a) 12 (b) 13 (c) 14 (d) 26

28. If the sum of n successive odd natural numbers starting from 3 is 48, find the value of n.
(a) 6 (b) 7 (c) 8 (d) 9

29. One year ago, a man was 8 times as old as his son. Now his age is equal to square of his son’s age. Find
the present age of son.
(a) 7 years (b) 8 years (c) 9 years (d) 10 years

26 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

30. The hypotenuse of a right–angled triangle is 6 more than twice the shortest side. If the third side is 2
metres less than the hypotenuse, find the hypotenuse.
(a) 24 m (b) 25 m (c) 26 m (d) 32 m

31. If sinα and cosα are the roots of the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 then value of b2 =?
(a) a2 – 2ac (b) a = 2b (c) a2 + 2ac (d) 4ac
x 1+ x 34
32. Find the value of x for the given quadratic equation + = .
1+ x x 15
−3 3 −5
(a) 1, (b) , (c) 9, 2 (d) 4, 7
2 2 2

33. If p and q are the roots of the equation x2 + px + q = 0 then find the value of p.
(a) 1, –2 (b) 2, 3 (c) 4, 5 (d) 1, 0

34. Find two consecutive odd positive integers, sum of whose square is 290.
(a) 13, 15 (b) 11, 13 (c) 7, 9 (d) 5, 7

35. Find the discriminant of the quadratic equation 2x2 – 4x + 3 = 0

(a) –4 (b) –8 (c) 4 (d) 6

36. Find two consecutive numbers whose square have the sum 85.
(a) 6, 7 (b) 6, 9 (c) 6, 8 (d) 7, 9

37. There are three consecutive positive integers such that the sum of the square of the first and the product
of other two is 154. What are the integers?
(a) 6, 7, 8 (b) 7, 8, 9 (c) 8, 9, 10 (d) 9, 10, 11

38. If =
x 1 + 1 + 1 + − − ∞ then x is equal to
1± 5 1 − 5
(a) 2 (b) (c) (d) –5
2 2

39. Sum of the areas of two squares is 468 sq. m. If the difference of their perimeters is 24 m, find the side of
larger square.
(a) 12 m (b) 18 m (c) 24 m (d) 16 m

40. The height of a right-angled triangle is 7 cm less than its base. If the hypotenuse is 13 cm, find the other
two sides.
(a) 5 cm, 12 cm (b) 10 cm, 7 cm (c) 13 cm, 4 cm (d) 9 cm, 8 cm

41. If =
x 6 + 6 + 6 + − − ∞ then x is equal to
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 6

42. If 2 is a root of the equation x2 + bx + 12 = 0 and the equation x2 + bx + q = 0 has equal roots, then q = ?
(a) 8 (b) –8 (c) 16 (d) –16

43. If the equation x2 – bx + 1 = 0 doesn’t possess real roots then

(a) –3 < b < 3 (b) –2 < b < 2 (c) b > 2 (d) b < –2

44. The number of quadratic equations having real roots and which do not change by squaring their roots is
(a) 4 (b) 3 (c) 2 (d) 1

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 27

45. If the sum and product of the roots of the equation kx2 + 6x + 4k = 0 are equal then k = ?
−3 3 2 −2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 2 3 3

46. The value of k for which the quadratic equation 16x2 + 4kx + 9 = 0 has real and equal roots are
−1 1 2 −2
(a) 6, (b) 36, (c) 6, –6 (d) ,
6 36 3 3

47. The perimeter of a right triangle is 60 cm. Its hypotenuse is 25 cm. Find the area of the triangle.
(a) 60 sq. cm (b) 100 sq. cm (c) 120 sq. cm (d) 150 sq. cm

48. If the sum of first n even natural numbers is 420, find n.

(a) 15 (b) 18 (c) 20 (d) 25

49. If one root of the equation 4x2 – 2x + (k–4) = 0 be the reciprocal of the others then k = ?
(a) 4 (b) –6 (c) 8 (d) –12

50. If x = 1 is a common root of ax2 + ax + 2 = 0 and x2 + x + b = 0 then ab = ?

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

51. Write True or False against each statement.

(a) An equation with one variable with highest power 2 is called a quadratic equation.
(b) Zeros of a quadratic polynomial is different from roots of a quadratic equation.
(c) A quadratic equation is a polynomial of second degree.
(d) Discriminant of a quadratic equation is denoted by d.

52. Match the following for the quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0.

Column I Column II
(a) D (i) No real roots exist
(b) D > 0 (ii) roots are real and equal
(c) D < 0 (iii) b2 – 4ac
(d) D = 0 (iv) roots are real and distinct

53. Is x = –2 a solution of 3x2 + 13x + 14 = 0?

54. Represent the following in a quadratic equation “the product of two consecutive even integers is 1848”.

55. Is 0.2 a root of x2 – 0.4 = 0?

56. If the quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 has equal roots then find c in terms of a and b.

57. If the discriminant of the quadratic equation 6x2 – bx + 2 = 0 is 1 then find b.

28 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

A
Chapter 5

rithmetic Progressions
Points to Remember
A sequence in which the difference of each term from its succeeding term is constant throughout the series is called
Arithmetic Progression.
If a1 , a2 , a3 , ...... , an are a sequence such that a2 – a1 = a3 – a2 = ...... = d then it is an AP, where d = common
difference.

nth term of an AP
If a = first term
d = common difference
Then nth term = a + ( n – 1)d

n
Sum of n terms in AP = Sn = {2a + (n – 1)d}
2
n
= {a + (a + (n – 1)d}
2
n
= {a + l} or = , where l = a + (n–1)d
2

If Sn is given then nth term (an ) = Sn – Sn–1

If a, b, c are in A.P then 2b = a + c
a+c
⇒ b = where b is the Arithmetic Mean (A.M.)
2
• If a sequence has n terms, its rth term from end = (n – r + l) term from the beginning
• Three terms of AP = a – d, a, a + d
• Four terms of AP = a – 3d, a – d, a + d, a + 3d
• Five terms of AP = a – 2d, a – d, a, a + d, a + 2d

Exercise
1. A sequence where the difference between two consecutive numbers always remain same is called
(a) Arithmetic progression (b) Geometric progression
(c) Harmonic progression (d) None of these

2. If a is the first term, d be the difference of an AP then the nth term of AP is given by
(a) a + nd (b) a + ( n – 1)d (c) a + 3d (d) n2d

3. If the first term is –5, common difference is 7, find the 15th number of the given sequence.
(a) 89 (b) 93 (c) 101 (d) 213

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 29

4. Find the 10th term from the end of the AP: 4, 9, 14, ............ , 254.
(a) 129 (b) 89 (c) 209 (d) 176

5. Find the middle number of the AP 7, 13, 19, ............ , 241.

(a) 121 (b) 127 (c) 234 (d) both (a) and (b)
1 1
6. If the mth term of an AP is and nth term be then what will be the mnth term of that AP.
n m
(a) 1 (b) 4 (c) 7 (d) 10

7. The 6th and 17th term of an AP are 19 and 41 respectively, find the 40th term.
(a) 46 (b) 78 (c) 87 (d) 93

8. If 2x, x + 10, 3x + 2 are in AP then find the value of x.

(a) 6 (b) 11 (c) 14 (d) 8

9. If the first three terms of an AP are 3y – 1, 3y + 5 and 5y + 1 then find y.

(a) –3 (b) 5 (c) 9 (d) 2

10. If k, 2k – 1 and 2k + 1 are three consecutive terms of an AP then find the value of k.
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 5 (d) 7

11. In an AP, if d = – 4, n = 7 and nth term = 4 then what is the value of a?

(a) 6 (b) 7 (c) 20 (d) 28

12. The 21st term of an AP whose first two terms are –3 and 4 is
(a) 17 (b) 137 (c) 143 (d) –143

13. The famous mathematician associated with finding the sum of the first 100 natural number is
(a) Pythagoras (b) Newton (c) Gauss (d) Euclid

14. The sum of first 16 terms of the AP 10, 6, 2, .............. is

(a) –320 (b) 120 (c) –352 (d) – 400

15. If the sum of n terms of an AP is 2n2 + 5n, then its nth term is
(a) 4n – 3 (b) 3n – 4 (c) 4n + 3 (d) 3n + 4

16. If the sum of first n even natural numbers is equal to k times the sum of first n odd natural numbers,
then k = ?
1 1 1 n + 1
(a) (b) n − (c) n + (d)
n n 2n n

17. The first term of an AP is unity and common difference is 4. Which of the following will be a term of this
AP?
(a) 4551 (b) 10091 (c) 7881 (d) 13531

18. If ptP = qtq then what is the value of (p + q)th term?

(a) 0 (b) – (p + q) (c) p + q (d) pq
1 1 1
19. If , , are in AP then x =?
x+2 x+3 x+5
(a) 5 (b) 3 (c) 1 (d) 2

30 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

20. If 18, a, b, – 3 are in AP then a + b = ?
(a) 19 (b) 7 (c) 11 (d) 15

21. The sum of first n odd natural numbers is

(a) n + 2 (b) 2n + 3 (c) n2 (d) n2 – 1

22. The sum of n terms of an AP is 3n2 + 5n , then 164 is its

(a) 20th term (b) 23rd term (c) 27th term (d) 31st term

23. The sum of first 100 natural numbers is

(a) 1050 (b) 3050 (c) 5050 (d) 1287

24. A number 15 is divided into three parts which are in AP and the sum of their squares is 83. The smallest
part is
(a) 2 (b) 5 (c) 3 (d) 7

25. Write the common difference of AP whose pth term is 6p + 2.

(a) 6 (b) 2 (c) – 6 (d) –2

26. Two AP’s have the same common difference. The difference between their 100th term is 100, what is the
common difference between 1000th term?
(a) 5000 (b) 100 (c) 1000 (d) 10

27. The 17th term of an AP exceeds the 10th term by 7, then the common difference is
(a) – 1 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) – 2

28. If the AP is a, a + d, a + 2d, ......, m then the nth term from the end is

(a) m + ( n – 1)d (b) m – (n – 1)d (c) a + (n – 1 )d (d) a – ( n – 1)d

29. Evaluate –(–5) + (–8) + ..... + ( –230)

(a) 8930 (b) –8930 (c) 4960 (d) –4960

30. Which term of the AP 121, 117, 113, ..... will be the first negative term?
(a) 26 (b) 29 (c) 32 (d) 34

31. Find the sum of the integers between 100 and 200 that are divisible by 9.
(a) 13467 (b) 15150 (c) 1683 (d) 13672

32. For what value of x, 8x + 4, 6x – 2 and 2x + 7 are in AP?

15
(a) 11 (b) 15 (c) (d) 17
2

33. How many terms of the sequence 18, 16, 14 should be taken so that their sum is zero?
(a) 14 (b) 17 (c) 19 (d) 23

34. Find the sum of the first 11 terms of the AP: 2, 6, 10, 14 ....................… .
(a) 242 (b) 124 (c) 412 (d) 342

35. Find the sum of n terms of an AP whose nth term is given by 5 – 6n.
(a) 2n – 3n2 (b) 5n – 3n2 (c) 3n – 7n2 (d) 3n – 4n2

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 31

36. If 4, a, b, c, 28 are in AP then find the value of c.
(a) 17 (b) 21 (c) 22 (d) 25

37. If the first and last term of an AP are 5 and 45, the sum of all the terms are 500 then find the number of
terms of the sequence.
(a) 14 (b) 17 (c) 18 (d) 20

38. Which term of the AP 52, 48, 44, … will be zero?

(a) 12 (b) 14 (c) 16 (d) 18

39. If x, 13, y, 3 are in AP then find the value of x.

(a) 13 (b) 17 (c) 18 (d) 20

40. Jasleen saved ` 5 in the first week of the year and then increased her weekly savings by ` 1.75 each week.
In how many weeks her weekly saving be ` 20.75?
(a) 10 (b) 15 (c) 18 (d) 20

41. How many 2–digit numbers are divisible by 7?

(a) 11 (b) 13 (c) 15 (d) 17

42. For what value of x, 8x + 9, 6x – 2 and 2x – 7 are the three consecutive terms in AP?
(a) 1 (b) 3 (c) 5 (d) 4

43. Find the sum of 1 – 6 + 2 – 7 + 3 – 8 + ........ 100 terms.

(a) –100 (b) –150 (c) –200 (d) –250

44. If 18th and 11th term of an AP are in the ratio of 3 : 2 then its 21st and 5th term are in the ratio of
(a) 3 : 1 (b) 2 : 3 (c) 4 : 5 (d) 6 : 7

45. Find the sum of last ten terms of AP 8, 10, 12, ..... 126.
(a) 1150 (b) 1180 (c) 1170 (d) 1175

46. An AP consists of 37 terms. The sum of three middle most terms is 225 and the sum of last three terms
is 429. Find the first term.
(a) 3 (b) 7 (c) 9 (d) 11

47. Find the sum of all odd integers between 2 and 100 divisible by 3.
(a) 864 (b) 867 (c) 870 (d) 879

48. Which term of the sequence 4, 9, 14, ..... is 124?

(a) 21 (b) 23 (c) 25 (d) 29

49. Find the sum of first n natural numbers.

n(n + 1)
(a) n (b) (c) 2n2 (d) n(n+1) (2n+ 1)
2

50. If 7 times the 7th term of an AP is equal to 11 times the 11th term, then find the 18th term.
(a) 6 (b) 13 (c) 27 (d) 0

32 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

 T
Chapter 6

riangles
Points to Remember

Basic Proportional Theorem (Thales Theorem)

If a line is drawn parallel to one side of a triangle to interesect the other sides in distinct points, then other two
sides are divided in the same ratio.
A

In ∆ABC, if DE BC
D E
AD AE
=
BD EC
B C

Converse of Basic Proportional Theorem

If a line divides any two sides of a triangle in the same ratio, then it is parallel to the third side.
A

AD AE
if BD = EC
D E
⇒ DE ||BC

B C
Condition of Similarity
Two triangles are similar if either of the similarity condition is satisfied.
1. AAA (Angle-Angle-Angle Similarity): Two triangles are similar if all angles of one triangle are respectively
equal to their corresponding angles of other triangle.
A D

B C E F
If ∠A = ∠D
∠B = ∠E ⇒ ∆ABC ~ ∆DEF
∠C = ∠F

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 33

2. AA Similarity: If two angles of one triangle are equal to two angles of another triangle respectively then two
triangles are similar.
3. SSS Similarity: If the corresponding sides of two-triangles are proportional then two triangles are similar.
A D

B C E F

If ⇒ ∆ABC ~ ∆DEF

4. SAS Similarity: In two triangles, if one pair of corresponding sides are porportional and the included angles
are equal then two triangles are similar.
A D

B C E F
AB AC
If = and ∠A = ∠D ⇒ ∆ABC ~ ∆DEF
DE DF

Areas of two Similar Triangles

(a) The ratio of the areas of two similar triangles is equal to the ratio of the squares of any two corresponding
sides.
A D

B C E F
If ∆ABC ~ ∆DEF then
ar ( ABC ) AB2 AC 2 BC 2
= = =
ar (DEF ) DE 2 DF 2 EF 2

(b) Ratio of two areas of two similar triangles are in the ratio of the squares of the corresponding altitudes.
A P

B C Q R
D S
ar ( ABC ) AD2
= Where AD and PS are perpendiculars.
ar (PQR) PS 2

34 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

(c) Ratio of areas of two similar triangles are in the ratio of the squares of the corresponding medians.
A P

B C Q R
M N
In ∆ABC and ∆PQR, AM and PN are the medians.
ar ( ABC ) AM 2
=
ar (PQR) PN 2

(d) Areas of two similar triangles are in the ratio of the squares of the corresponding angle bisector segments.
A P

B C Q R
D S
If AD and PS are the angle bisectors of ∠A and ∠P respectively
ar ( ABC ) AD2
then =
ar (PQR) PS 2

(e) If the areas of two similar triangles are equal, then triangles are congruent.
A P

B C Q R
If ∆ABC ~ ∆PQR and ar (ABC) = ar (PQR) ⇒ ∆ABC ≅ ∆PQR

Pythagoras Theorem
In a right angled triangle, the square of hypotenuse is equal to the sum of squares of other two sides.
A

In ∆ABC, if ∠B = 90°
then AC2 = AB2 + BC2
B C

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 35

Converse of Pythagoras Theorem
In a triangle, if the square of one side is equal to the sum of squares of other two sides then the angle opposite to
the first side is a right angle.
A
If in DABC
AC2 = AB2 + BC2
then ∠ABC = 90°
B C

Pythagorean Triplets
(3, 4, 5), (6, 8, 10), (7, 24, 25), (8, 15, 17), (9, 40, 41), (12, 35, 37), (20, 21, 29), ......... are Pythagorean triplets.

Exercise
1. Which theorem is also known as Thales Theorem?
(a) Basic Proportional Theorem (b) Alternate Segment Theorem
(c) Pythagoras Theorem (d) Euclid Division Lemma

2. “If a line is drawn parallel to one side of the triangle intersecting the other two sides, then it divides the
other two sides proportionally.” This statement is known as
(a) Triangle law (b) Basic Proportional Theorem
(c) Pythagoras Theorem (d) Circle Theorem

3. In the given figure, if ∠A = 900, AD is perpendicular to BC, then

B C
D

(a) BC2 = BD.CD (b) BC2 = AB.AC (c) AD2 = BD.CD (d) AD2 = BD.CD
A
4. In the given triangle ABC, if DE || BC and AD : BD = 3 : 5. If AC = 5.6 cm, find AE.
(a) 4 cm (b) 2.8 cm D E
(c) 2.1 cm (d) 3.5 cm
B C
5. The length of the diagonals of a rhombus are 16 cm and 12 cm. Find the length of the side of the rhombus.
(a) 8 cm (b) 9 cm (c) 10 cm (d) 12 cm

6. If ∆ABC ~ ∆DEF, AB = 10 cm, DE = 8 cm, then find ar(∆ABC) : ar(∆DEF).

(a) 64 : 100 (b) 100 : 64 (c) 45 : 81 (d) 10 : 8

7. If the sides of a triangle are 24 cm, 10 cm and 26 cm, what type of triangle is this?
(a) Right angle (b) Acute angle (c) Obtuse angle (d) Can’t say

36 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

8. In the given figure, if AB = 3 cm, AC = 4 cm, BC = 5 cm and AX is the bisector of angle A, find the value
of BX?
A

350 350
3 cm 4 cm

B C
X
5 cm

15 6
(a) 14 cm (b) 15 cm c) cm (d) cm
7 5 C
9. In the given figure, if PQ || BC, PR || CD, AR = 3 cm, AD = 12 cm and AQ = 4 cm
then find the value of AB.
(a) 12 cm (b) 15 cm P
(c) 16 cm (d) 20 cm B D

10. In triangle BDC, side BD is extended in such a way that AD = CD, find the value Q R
of AB?
A A

12 cm

B C
5 cm
(a) 24 cm (b) 25 cm B 12 cm C
(c) 26 cm (d) 28 cm cm
12
11. In the given figure, find the perimeter of BCDE.
A
5
(a) 34 cm (b) 45 cm cm
(c) 48 cm (d) 50 cm E D

12. The areas of 2 similar triangles are 81 sq. cm and 144 sq. cm. If the largest side of the smaller triangle is
27 cm, find the largest side of the larger triangle.
(a) 12 cm (b) 19 cm (c) 36 cm (d) 42 cm

13. ABC is an equilateral triangle of side 2a, then the length of the altitude is
3a
(a) a 3 (b) (c) 3 3a (d) 4a
2
14. A right triangle has hypotenuse p cm and one side q cm. If p – q = 1, find the length of the third side.
(a) 2p + 1 (b) 2p − 1 (c) p+2 (d) 2p

15. If a boy of height 105 cm is walking away from the base of a lamp post at a speed of 1.8 m/sec and the
lamp is 4 m above the ground. Find the length of his shadow after 8 seconds.
(a) 9.2 cm (b) 4.13 cm (c) 5.125 cm (d) 7.43 m

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 37

16. If A is the area of a right–angled triangle and b is one of the sides containing the right angle, then the
length of the altitude on the hypotenuse is
Ab 2 Ab 4 Ab Ab
(a) (b) (c) (d)
b + 4A
2 2
b + 4A
2 2
b + 4A
2 2
2b + 4 A2
2

17. A ladder is placed against a wall such that its foot is at a distance of 2.5 m from the wall and its top
reaches a window 6 m above the ground. What is the length of the ladder?
(a) 6.5 m (b) 4.5 m (c) 5.5 m (d) 7.5 m

18. A girl walks 200 m towards East and then she walks 150 m towards North. What is the distance of the girl
from the starting point?
(a) 350 m (b) 250 m (c) 300 m (d) 225 m

19. If ∆ABC ~ ∆DEF and area of triangle DEF = 100 Sq. cm then find the area of ∆ABC if, AB : DE = 1 : 2.
(a) 15 cm (b) 25 cm (c) 35 cm (d) 45 cm

20. Sides of triangles are given below. Which of these is a right-angled triangle?
(a) 7 cm, 5 cm, 24 cm (b) 34 cm, 30 cm, 16 cm (c) 4 cm, 3 cm, 7 cm (d) 8 cm, 12 cm, 14 cm

21. ABC and BDE are two equilateral triangles such that BD : BC = 2 : 3. What is the area of triangle ABC and
BDE?
(a) 2 : 3 (b) 4 : 9 (c) 9 : 4 (d) 3 : 4

22. In the given figure if DE || BC, then x equals to A

m
(a) 6 cm (b) 10 cm

2c
(c) 8 cm (d) 12.5 cm D E
4 cm

m
23. Two poles of height 6 m and 11 m stand vertically upright on a plane 2c
B
X
C
ground. If the distance between their foot is 12 m, what is the distance
between their tops?
(a) 12 m (b) 13 m (c) 15 m (d) 17 m

24. If D, E, F are the mid points of side BC, CA and AB respectively of triangle ABC, then the ratio of areas of
triangles DEF and ABC is
(a) 2 : 3 (b) 1 : 4 (c) 1 : 5 (d) 2 : 9

25. XY is drawn parallel to BC of a triangle ABC cutting AB at X and AC at Y. If AB = 4BX and YC = 2 cm then
AY = ?
(a) 2 cm (b) 6 cm
(c) 8 cm (d) 10 cm A

AB BD
26. In the given figure if = , find the value of angle ∠ACD. 250
AC CD
(a) 400 (b) 500
800
(c) 600 (d) 800 B C
D

27. If AD is the bisector of angle A. BD = 4 cm, DC = 3 cm and AB = 6 cm then determine AC.

(a) 4 cm (b) 4.5 cm (c) 6 cm (d) 8 cm

38 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

28. There is a staircase connecting point A and B. Measurement of the steps are marked B
(in cms), find the straight line distance between A and B. 1.8
(a) 100 cm (b) 10 cm 2
1.6
(c) 10 3 cm (d) 14 cm 2
1.6
2
1
29. ABCD is a trapezium such that AB || CD. Diagonals AC and BD intersect at O. A 2
If AO = 3X – 19, OC = x – 5, OB = x – 3, OD = 3 cm then find the value of x.
(a) 8 cm (b) 9 cm (c) 10 cm (d) both (a) and (b)

30. ABCD is a trapezium whose diagonals AC and BD intersect at O. If AO : OC = OB : OD = 1 : 2 and

AB = 5 cm, then find the value of DC.
(a) 5 cm (b) 10 cm (c) 15 cm (d) 12 cm

31. The perimeter of two similar triangles are 30 cm and 20 cm respectively. If one side of the first triangle is
12 cm, determine the corresponding side of second triangle.
(a) 6 cm (b) 8 cm (c) 12 m (d) 15 cm
AD 2 BC
32. In triangle ABC, DE || BC with D on AB and E on AC. If = , find .
DB 3 DE

(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 2.5 (d) 3.5

33. A vertical stick 12 m long casts a shadow 8 m long on the ground. At the same time a tower casts the
shadow 40 m long on the ground. Determine the height of tower.
(a) 60 m (b) 40 m (c) 80 m (d) 10 m

34. ABCD is a trapezium in which AB || DC and AB = 2 DC. Determine the ratio of areas of DAOB and DCOD.
(a) 1 : 4 (b) 1 : 2 (c) 4 : 1 (d) 3 : 4

35. The hypotenuse of a right triangle is 6 m more than the twice of the shortest side. If the third side is 2 m
less than the hypotenuse. What is the area of triangle?
(a) 100 sq. m (b) 120 sq. m (c) 240 sq. m (d) 140 sq. m

36. The length of the hypotenuse of an isosceles right–angled triangle whose one side is 4 2 cm is
(a) 12 cm (b) 8 cm (c) 11 cm (d) 13 cm

37. A man goes 24 m due west and 7 m due north. How far is he from the starting point?
(a) 31 m (b) 25 m (c) 26 m (d) 19 m
11 C
38. In an isosceles triangle ABC if AC = BC and AB2 = 2AC2 then find the value of P
angle C. 11
(a) 300 (b) 600 (c) 900 (d) 1200 D
Q
3
39. In the given figure, RS || DB || PQ. If CP = PD = 11 cm and DR = RA = 3 cm then x
R
the value of x and y are respectively y
3
(a) 12, 10 (b) 14, 6 (c) 10, 7 (d) 16, 8 A B
S
40. A chord of a circle of radius 10 m subtends a right angle at the centre. What is the length of the chord
in cm?
(a) 5 2 (b) 10 2 (c) 10 3 (d) 7 3

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 39

41. In the given figure, find the value of x, if DE || BC.
A
x+3 x
D E
3x + 19 3x + 4

B C
(a) 4 (b) 5 (c) 3 (d) 2

42. ∆ABC ~ ∆DEF, AB = 3 cm, BC = 2 cm, CA = 2.5 cm, EF = 4 cm, find the perimeter of DDEF.
(a) 10 cm (b) 15 cm (c) 22 cm (d) 17 cm

43. In the given figure M = N = 460. Express x in terms of a, b and c, where L

a, b, c are length of LM, MN and NK respectively.
ab ac a P
(a) (b)
a+c b+c x
bc
(c) (d) None of these
a+c M b N c K

44. The perimeter of a right triangle is 60 cm, its hypotenuse is 25 cm, find the area of the triangle?
(a) 120 cm2 (b) 150 cm2 (c) 200 cm2 (d) 160 cm2

45. A ladder 25 m long reaches a window of a building 20 m above the ground. Determine the distance of
the foot of the ladder from the building.
(a) 15 m (b) 18 m (c) 20 m (d) 17 m

46. “In a right angled triangle ABC, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of other
two sides” – This statement is known as
(a) Euclid Lemma (b) Pythagoras Theorem (c) Thales Theorem (d) Ramanujan Identity

47. The corresponding sides of two similar triangles are 6 cm and 9 cm respectively. Find the ratio of their
areas?
(a) 6 : 9 (b) 24 : 36
(c) 36 : 81 (d) 16 : 25 Q P

48. In the given figure, PQ = 24 cm, QR = 26 cm, PAR = 900, PA = 6 cm,

AR = 8 cm, find QPR. A
(a) 80° (b) 90°
(c) 100° (d) 70° R

49. In the given figure ABCD is a parallelogram, AE divides the line segment BD in the ratio of 1 : 2. If
BE = 1.5 cm find BC. D C

E
O

A B
(a) 2 cm (b) 3 cm (c) 4 cm (d) 6 cm

40 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

50. In the given figure, DODC~DOBA, BOC = 1150, CDO = 700, find COD.
D C
700

O 1150

A B
(a) 560 (b) 640 (c) 650 (d) 1000

51. Match the following.

Column A Column B
(a) If a line is drawn parallel to one side of (i) Converse of Pythagoras Theorem
a triangle to intersect the other sides in
distinct point, the other two sides are
divided in the same ratio.
(b) In a right triangle the square of the (ii) Pythagoras Theorem
hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the
squares of the other two sides.
(c) In a triangle, if the square of one side is (iii) Basic Proportionality Theorem
equal to the sum of the squares of other
two sides then the angle opposite to the
first side is a right angle.

52. Match the following.
Column A Column B
(a) ∠A = ∠D, ∠B = ∠E, ∠C = ∠F and ∆ABC~ ∆DEF (i) SSS similarity

(b) , ∠B = ∠E and ∆ABC~ ∆DEF (ii) AAA Similarity

(c) and ∆ABC~ ∆DEF (iii) SAS Similarity

53. Write True or False against each statement.

(a) The ratio of areas of two similar triangles is equal to the squares of the ratio of their corresponding
sides.
(b) If a perpendicular is drawn from the vertex of the right angle of a right triangle to the hypotenuse,
then the triangles on both sides of the perpendicular are similar to the whole triangle and also to each
other.
(c) Two figures having the same shape but not necessarily the same size are not similar figures.
(d) If a line divides any two sides of a triangle in same ratio, then the line is parallel to the third side.
(e) Equilateral triangles are congruent as well as similar.

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 41

C
Chapter 7

oordinate Geometry
Points to Remember

Distance Formulae: Distance between A(x1 ,y1) and B(x2 ,Y2) is given by
AB = ( x2 – x1 ) + ( y2 – y1 )
2 2

Distance of a point p(x,y) from the origin O(0, 0) is x2 + y2

To Prove different quadrilaterals A

1. ABCD is a parallelogram 2. ABCD is rhombus if
A B
if AB = CD AB = BC = CD = AD B
D
AD = BC and diagonal AC = BD
diagonal AC ≠ diagonal BD D C C
A B
3. ABCD is a rectangle if A B
4. ABCD is a square if
AB = CD AB = BC = CD = AD
AD = BC and C diagonal AC = diagonal BD
D
diagonal AC = diagonal BD D C

Triangle
1. ABC is an isosceles triangle if AB = BC or AC = BC or AB = AC (Any two sides are equal)
2. ABC is an equilateral triangle if AB = BC = AC
3. ABC is a scalene triangle if AB ≠ BC ≠ AC
4. ABC is a right angle triangle, if sum of squares of the base and altitude is equal to the square of the hypotenuse.
i.e AB2 = BC2 + AC2 then ∠C = 90°

Section Formulae
m n

A(x1, y1) P(x, y) B(x2, y2)

If point P(x, y) divides A(x1 , y1) and B(x2 , y2) in the ratio of m : n then
mx2 + nx1 my2 + ny1
x= , y=
m+n m+n
Mid-point Formula
If P(x, y) is the mid-point of lines joining A(x1 , y1 ) and B(x2 , y2 ) then
 x +x y +y 
P(x, y) = P  1 2 , 1 2 
 2 2 

42 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

Area of Triangle A(x1, y1)
1
Area of (∆ABC) = [ x1 ( y2 – y3 ) + x2 ( y3 – y1 ) + x3 ( y1 – y2 )]
2

if area of DABC = 0 points A,B,C are collinear.

B(x2, y2) C(x3, y3)

A(x1, y1)
If D is the mid-point of BC then AD is the median.
Point of intersection of median i.e. G is called centroid.

E
F
Here G is the centroid.
G
 x + x2 + x3 y1 + y2 + y3 
G  1 , 
 3 3  B(x2, y2) D C(x3, y3)

Exercise
1. Find the distance between (–6, 7) and (–1, –5).
(a) 11 units (b) 12 units (c) 13 units (d) 15 units

2. What is abscissa of any point on y-axis?

(a) x (b) y (c) 0 (d) 1

3. Point (–4, 0) and (6, 0) lies on ...............axis.

(a) x-axis (b) y-axis (c) 1st quadrant (d) 2nd quadrant

4. If point P has coordinates (cosα, sinα) then find its distance from origin O.
(a) cosα + sinα (b) 0 (c) 1 (d) cosα

5. Find a point on x-axis which is equidistant from A(2, –5) and B(–2, 9).
(a) (0, 2) (b) (–2, 4) (c) (4, 0) (d) (–7, 0)

6. Point A(–1, y) and B(5, 7) lie on a circle with centre O(2, –3y) then find the value of y.
(a) –1 (b) 7 (c) both (a) and (b) (d) none of these

7. Write the coordinates of P on positive x-axis at a distance of 4 units from (2, 0).
(a) (6, 0) (b) (–4, 0) (c) (4, 0) (d) (8, 0)

8. What is the value of mid-point of A(–5, 7) and B (–7, –5)?

(a) (0, 0) (b) (–6, 1) (c) (–4, 3) (d) (3, –1)

9. In what ratio does the x-axis divides the line segment joining the point (2, –3) and (5, 6)?
(a) 1 : 2 (b) 1 : 4 (c) 2 : 3 (d) 4 : 3

10. In what ratio does the line 3x + y – 9 = 0 divides the line segment joining the points (1, 3) and (2, 7)?
(a) 2 : 3 (b) 3 : 4 (c) 4 : 5 (d) 5 : 7

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 43

11. The mid-point of (3p, 4) and (–2, 2q) is (2, 6), find the value of p + q.
(a) 7 (b) 6 (c) 8 (d) 16

12. If (p, q) is the mid-point of the line joining A(5, 3) and B(–2, 4) then what is the value of p + q?
(a) 4 (b) 6 (c) 5 (d) 2

13. Find the value of x, if the distance between the points (4, 1) and (3, x) is 10 , where x is a natural number.
(a) 4 (b) –2 (c) 7 (d) –5

14. If PS is the median of triangle PQR, then ar(PQR) : ar(PQS) is

(a) 1 : 2 (b) 2 : 1 (c) 1 : 4 (d) 4 : 1

15. Find the image of point P(7, –5) in respect of the point Q(– 3, 1) if Q is the mid-point.
(a) (12, 6) (b) ( –6, 9) (c) (–13, 7) (d) (0, 7)

16. If the points A(1, 2), O(0, 0) and C(a, b) are collinear then
(a) a = b (b) a = 2b (c) 2a = b (d) a = –b

17. If the distance between the points (4, p) and (1, 0) is 5 then the value of p is
(a) 4 (b) ±4 (c) 0 (d) –6

 13 
18. A circle drawn with origin as the centre passes through  , 0  , the point which lie on the circle is
 2 
 −3   7  −1   5
(a)  , 1 (b)  2,  (c)  5,  (d)  −6, 
 4   3  2  2

19. The area of triangle with vertices (a, b + c), (b, c + a) and (c, a + b) is
(a) a + b + c (b) 0 (c) (a +b + c)2 (d) abc

20. The perimeter of a triangle with vertices (0, 4) (0, 0) and (3, 0) is
(a) 5 (b) 15 (c) 12 (d) 31

21. The distance of the point P(2, 3) from the x-axis is

(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 1 (d) 5

22. If the centre of circle (–2, 5) lies on the extremities of diameter A(2, 3) and B(x, y). Find x and y.
(a) x = –6, y = 7 (b) x = –6, y = 2 (c) x = –2, y = –3 (d) x = –4, y = –7

23. For what value of k, point (0, 4) is equidistant from the points A(10, k) and (k, 8)?
(a) 12 (b) 12.5 (c) 15 (d) 19

24. If diagonals AC and BD of parallelogram ABCD, intersect at origin O then find the value of a and b if
coordinates of A and C are respectively (3, 2) and (a, b).
(a) (3, 2) (b) (–3, –2) (c) (–3, 2) (d) (3, –2)

25. Find the coordinate of third vertex of triangle if two of its vertices are (–1, 4) and (5, –2) and its centroid
is (0, –3).
(a) (–4, 11) (b) (–4, –11) (c) (4, –11) (d) (4, 7)
26. Find the area of triangle formed by joining the mid-points of sides of the triangle whose vertices are
(1, –1), (–4, 6) and (– 1, –3).
(a) 12 sq. units (b) 8 sq. units (c) 3 sq. units (d) 6.5 sq. units

44 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

27. Find the area of triangle formed by the points A(5, 2), B(4, 7) and C(7, –4).
(a) 2 sq. units (b) 4 sq. units (c) 7 sq. units (d) 11 sq. units

28. For what value of k the point P(–4, 6) lies on the line segment A(k, 10) and B(3, –8)?
(a) –4 (b) –6 (c) –2 (d) 7

29. If x is a positive integer such that the distance between P (x, 2) and A(3, –6) is 10 units then x is
(a) 3 (b) –3 (c) 4 (d) 9

30. If three points (0, 0) , (3, 3 ) and (3, k) form an equilateral triangle then k is equal to
(a) 2 (b) –3 (c) –4 (d) none of these

31. If A(5, 3), B(11, –5) and C(12, y) form a right angled triangle then find the value of y.
(a) –2, 4 (b) 4, –2 (c) 2, –4 (d) 2, 4

32. The distance of point (4, 7) from the x-axis is

(a) 4 (b) 7 (c) 11 (d) 65

33. If point P(x, y) is equidistant from A(5, 1) and B (–1, –5) then which of the following is true.
(a) 2x = 3y (b) 3x = 4y (c) 5x = 6y (d) –x = y

34. If the centroid of the triangle formed by the points (3, –5), (–7, 4), (10, –k) is at the point (k, –1) then k =
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
x y
35. Find the coordinates of the point where the line + = 5 intersects y-axis
2 3
(a) (0, 0) (b) (10, 0) (c) (0, 15) (d) (2, 3)

36. The coordinates of the circumcenter of the triangle formed by the points O(0, 0), A(a, 0) and B(0, b) are
a b a b
(a)  ,  (b)  ,  (c) (a, b) (d) (–a, b)
2 2 3 3
37. Find the value of x if the point A(4, 3) and B(x, 5) lie on a circle whose centre is O(2, 3).
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 2.5

38. Find the point on y-axis which is equidistant from the point (5, –2) and (–3, 2).
(a) (2, 0) (b) (0, 3) (c) (0, –2) (d) (2, –1)

39. Find the coordinates of a centroid of a triangle whose vertices are (3, –5), (–7, 4) and (10, –2).
(a) (2, 0) (b) (0, 3) (c) (0, –2) (d) (2, –1)

40. The coordinates of point P dividing the line segment joining the points A(1, 3) and B(4, 6) in the ratio of
2:1 are
(a) (2, 4) (b) (3, 5) (c) (0, –4) (d) (–2, –3)

41. If the point P(2, 1) lies on the line segment joining A(4, 2) and B( 6, 4) then
(a) AP = 2AB (b) AB = 2AP (c) AP = 3AB (d) AP = 4AB

42. If A (x, 2), B (–3, –4) and C(7, –5) are collinear then the value of x is
(a) –67 (b) –54 (c) –63 (d) 15

43. Find the fourth vertex D of a parallelogram ABCD whose three vertices A, B and C have the coordinates
(– 2, 3), (6, 7) and (8, 3) respectively.
(a) (0, 2) (b) (0, –1) (c) (3, 2) (d) (4, –1)

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 45

44. Name the type of triangle formed by joining A(–5, 6), B(–4, –2) and C(7, 5).
(a) Equilateral (b) Right angle (c) Scalene (d) Isosceles

45. If P(x, y) is equidistant from A(3, 6) and B(–3, 4) then which of the following condition is true.
(a) 3x + y = 5 (b) 2x + 3y = 12 (c) 3x – 4y = 7 (d) 2x = 3y

46. If P(x, y) is any point on the line joining the points A(a, 0) and B (0, b) then which of the following is true.
(a) ax = by (b) bx + ay = ab (c) ax – by = 2 (d) 3x = aby

47. If the vertices of a triangle are (1, –3), (4, p) and (–9, 7) and its area is 15 sq. units then find the value of p.
(a) 5 (b) 3 (c) –3 (d) 7

48. If the centroid of the triangle formed by the points (a, b), (b, c) and (c, a) is at origin then a2 + b2 + c2 = ?
(a) abc (b) 2abc (c) –2(ab + bc + ca) (d) a + b + c

49. If (–2, 1) is the centroid of the triangle having its vertices at (x, 2), (10, –2), ( –8, y) then x and y satisfy the
equation
(a) 3x + 8y = 0 (b) 3x + 8y = 12 (c) 4x – 7y = 11 (d) 2x + 3y = 12

50. Write True or False against each statement.

(a) Diagonals of a trapezium bisect each other.
1
(b) Area of rhombus is of the product of diagonals.
2
(c) Centroid is the point of intersection of all the three altitudes.

(d) Median of a triangle divides the triangle into two parts having equal area.

46 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

I
Chapter 8

ntroduction to Trigonometry
Points to Remember
Trigonometry is derived from the Greek words ‘tri’, ‘gon’ and metron meaning three sides and measure. Therefore,
trigonometry establishes the relation between the sides and the angle of a triangle.

Trigonometry Ratios of an acute angle of a right triangle

A

Hypotenuse
Perpendicular

90°
B C
Base
AB Perpendicular BC Base BC Perpendicular
sin C = = cos C = = tan C = =
AC hypotenuse AC Hypotenuse AB Base

BC Base AC Hypotenuse AC Hypotenuse

cot C = = sec C = = cosec C = =
AB Perpendicular BC Base AB Perpendicular

Names of Angles
θ = Theta a = Alpha
b = Beta g = Gamma
A
f = Phi y = Psi
1
sin θ = ⇒ sin θ . cosec θ = 1
cosec θ
1 θ
cos θ = ⇒ cos θ . sec θ = 1 B C
sec θ
1
tan θ = ⇒ tan θ . cot θ = 1
cot θ
s in θ cos θ
= tan θ and = cot θ
cos θ sin θ

Identities
sin2θ + cos2θ = 1 ⇒ cos2θ = 1 – sin2θ ⇒ sin2θ = 1 – cos2θ

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 47

sec2θ – tan2θ = 1 ⇒ sec2θ = 1 + tan2θ ⇒ tan2θ = sec2 θ – 1
cosec2θ – cot2θ = 1 ⇒ cosec2θ = 1 + cot2θ ⇒ cot2θ = cosec2 θ – 1

Trigonometric Ratios of Complementary Angles

sin (90 – θ) = cosθ ⇒ cos (90 – θ) = sinθ
tan (90 – θ) = cotθ ⇒ cot (90 – θ) = tanθ
sec (90 – θ) = cosecθ ⇒ cosec (90 – θ) = secθ

Trigonometric Ratios of Some-Specific Angles

Angle (θ) 0° 30° 45° 60° 90°

1 1 3
sinθ 0 1
2 2 2

3 1 1
cosθ 1 0
2 2 2

1
tanθ 0 1 3 not defined
3

Exercise
1. Which of the following is not an identity?
(a) sin2A + cos2A = 1 (b) sec2A – tan2A = 1 (c) cosec2A + cot2A = 1 (d) cosec2A – cot2A = 1

2. If sin A = 1, then what is the value of cos A?

(a) 2 (b) 0 (c) 1 (d) not defined

3. If 8 tan A = 15 then the value of sin A – cos A is given by

8 7 17 17
(a) (b) (c) (d)
15 17 8 7

4. If A is an acute angle and tan A + cot A = 2, then find the value of tan2A + cot2A.
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 0 (d) –1

5. If 2 cos 3α = 1 then find the value of α where 0 < α < 900.

(a) 200 (b) 300 (c) 450 (d) 600
1
6. If sin B = then find the value of 3 cos B – 4 cos3B.
2
1
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) 2 (d)
2

7. If cosec A = 10 then find the value of cot A.

3
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d)
5

48 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

8. In a right-angled triangle OPQ if OP = 7 cm, OQ – PQ = 1 cm, find the value of sin Q.
7 24 12
(a) (b) (c) 1 (d)
25 25 13

19
9. If cosec β = then find the value of sec α, if α + β = 900.
7 7 13 19
(a) (b) (c) (d) 1
19 19 7

10. If A = 300, find the value of 2 sin A cos A.

1 3
(a) 1 (b) (c) (d) 0
2 2

11. Find the value of sin 750, if sin(A + B) = sinA cosB + cosA sinB.
3 + 1 3 −1 5 + 1 3 + 2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

12. Find the value of 6 sec2A – 6 tan2 A.

1
(a) 4 (b) (c) 6 (d) 2
3
13. If 5 sin x = 4 then find the value of tan x.
3 5 4
(a) (b) (c) (d) 1
4 3 3
14. The value of (sin A + cos A)2 + (sin A – cos A)2 is
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 0

15. If sec 4A = cosec (A – 200), then the value of A is

(a) 17 (b) 22 (c) 24 (d) 25

16. If 3 tan A = 1 then find the value of sin 2A.

1 3
(a) (b) 1 (c) (d) 0
2 2

17. Find the value of cos 00 cos 10 cos 20.......... cos 1800.
(a) –1 (b) 1 (c) 0 (d) not defined

18. Find the value of tan 10 tan 20 tan 30 .......... tan 890.
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) not defined

19. If A and B are acute angles and sin(A + B) = cos(A – B) then find the value of A.
(a) 300 (b) 450 (c) 600 (d) 900

20. Find the value of f for which cosec f is not defined.

(a) 00 (b) 300 (c) 450 (d) 900

21. In an isosceles right-angled triangle ABC, find the value of cos A + cos B + cos C.
1
(a) 2 (b) 2 (c) (d) 0
2
22. Find the value of (sec2A – 1) (cosec2A – 1).
(a) 1 (b) –1 (c) 0 (d) 2

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 49

23. If cos A + cos2 A = 1, then find the value of sin2 A + sin4 A.
(a) 2 (b) –2 (c) 1 (d) –1
1
24. If cos A = then find the value of 2 sec2 A + tan2 A + 1.
3
(a) 12 (b) 19 (c) 27 (d) 0

25. If sin 3q = 1 then find the value of q.

(a) 240 (b) 300 (c) 600 (d) 450

26. Find the value of sec2 100 – tan2 100.

1
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) (d) 2
2
sin180
27. What is the value of ?
cos720
1
(a) 0 (b) (c) 1 (d) 2
2

1 1
28. Given that sin A = , cos B = then find the value of A + B.
2 2
(a) 300 (b) 600 (c) 750 (d) 900

29. If sec A + tan A = x then find the value of tan A.

x2 + 1 x2 + 1 x2 − 1 x2 + 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2x x 2x 4x
1
30. If sec A – tan A = then find the value of sec A + tan A.
3
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

5sinA - 4 cos A
31. If 5 tan A = 4 then value of is
5sinA + 4 cos A
5 5 1
(a) (b) 0 (c) (d)
3 6 6
1
32. What is the maximum value of where 0 ≤ A ≤ 90?
cosec A
(a) 2 (b) –1 (c) 0 (d) 1

33. If 8 tan x = 15 then find the value of sin x – cos x.

7 12 7
(a) (b) (c) (d) 1
12 13 17

x cosec2 300 .sec2 450

34. If = tan2 600 – tan2 300 then find the value of x.
8cos2 450 .sin2 600
(a) 2 (b) 1 (c) 3 (d) 0

35. If 5A and 4A are two acute angles of a right angled triangle then the value of 2 sin 3A – 3 tan 3A is equal to
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) –1

2 tan300
36. What is the value of ?
1 + tan2 300
(a) sin 300 (b) sin 600 (c) tan 300 (d) sin 450

50 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

37. Find the value of tan50. tan 300. 4 tan 850.
1 4 2
(a) (b) (c) (d) 1
3 3 6
38. In the given figure, find the value of cos q.
3 4
(a) (b) 5 4
4 5
3 90
0

(c) (d) can’t determine f q

5 3

39. If x = a cosα , y = b sin α then find the value of b2x2 + a2y2.

(a) ab (b) a2b (c) a2b2 (d) ab2

40. What is the value of sin2 290 + sin2 610 ?

(a) 1.453 (b) 1 (c) 1.732 (d) 0

41. Find the value of tan 480. tan 230. tan 420. tan 670.

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) –1

sin2 630 + sin2 270

42. Find the value of .
cos2 170 + cos2 730
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 1 (d) 0

sin150 cos750 + cos150 sin750

43. Find the value of sec 10 − cot 80 −
2 0 2 0

cos θ sin(900 − θ) + sin θ cos(900 − θ)

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3

44. If tan (3x – 150) = 1 then find the value of x.

(a) 100 (b) 200 (c) 300 (d) 400

1 + tan2 φ
45. Find the value of
1 + cot2 φ
(a) sin f (b) cosec f (c) tan f (d) None

46. What is the value of 4 sin 2x . cos 4x . sin 6x if x = 150?

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) –1

47. If sin A = 1 then find the value of tan A.

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 3 (d) not defined

48. If sin A – cos A = 0 then the value of sin4 A + cos4 A is

1 1
(a) 0 (b) (c) (d) 1
2 4

49. If f + q = 900 then find the value of cos φ.cosecθ − cos φ.sin θ
(a) sin f (b) sec f (c) cosec f (d) tan f

50. ABCD is a trapezium in which AB is parallel to DC. If AB = 15 cm, BC = 6 cm, CD = 7 cm and AD = 4 cm

then find the value of 2 cos A + 3 cos B.
(a) 0 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 51

51. Write True or False against each statement.
(a) The value of tan A is always less than 1.

(b) sec A = for some value of angle A.

(c) cos A is the abbreviation used for the cosecant of angle A.
(d) cot A is the product of cot and A.

(e) sin A = for some angle A.

(f) The value of sin A increases when A increases 0° ≤ A ≤ 90°.

52. Fill in the blanks.

(a) sin2A = 1 – ..........................
(b) sec2A = 1 + ..........................
(c) sec α . cos α = ..........................

(d) = ..........................

(e) cosec2A – cot2A = ..........................

52 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

A
Chapter 9

pplications of Trigonometry
Points to Remember

Angle of Elevation
A
Angle formed by the line of sight with the horizontal.
AB is a tower and observer at point C tries to look at the peak A of the tower then
∠BCA = q = Angle of elevation
θ
B C
Angle of depression
D (Horizontal line)
A θ

Verticle line Angle of depression

θ
B C (Object)
In the above figure, observer is sitting at A and looking at the object ‘C’ on the ground.
∠DAC = ∠ACB = θ (Alternate angle)
The angle of depression is the angle formed by the line of sight with the horizontal when it is below the horizontal.

Exercise
1. The line drawn from the eye of an observer to a point in the object where the person is viewing is called
(a) horizontal line (b) line of sight (c) vertical line (d) parallel line

2. The angle formed by the line of sight with the horizontal line when the object is above the horizontal level
is called the
(a) angle of elevation (b) angle of depression (c) alternate angle (d) vertical opposite angle

3. The angle formed by the line of sight with the horizontal when the object is below the horizontal level is
called
(a) angle of elevation (b) angle of depression (c) alternate angle (d) vertical opposite angle

4. A ladder is 100 3 m high. Find the angle of elevation of its top from a point 100 m away from its foot.
(a) 300 (b) 450 (c) 600 (d) 900

5. A ladder makes an angle of 600 with the ground when placed against a wall. If the foot of the ladder is
2 m away from the wall, then the length of the ladder is
4
(a) 4 m (b) 4 3 m (c) m (d) 6 m
3

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 53

6. The ratio of the length of a rod and its shadow is 1 :
3 . What is the angle of elevation of the sun?
(a) 30 0
(b) 45 (c) 600
0
(d) 900

7. If the angles of elevation of the top of a tower from two points at distance a and b from the base and in
the same straight line with it are complementary then the height of the tower is
a
(a) ab (b) a b (c) m (d) ab
3
8. If the angles of elevation of the top of a tower from two points at distance 4 m and 9 m from the base and
in the same straight line with it are complementary then the height of the tower is
(a) 4 m (b) 6 m (c) 9 m (d) 12 m

9. The angle of depression of a car parked on the road from the top of a 150 m high tower is 300. The
distance of the car from the tower is
(a) 50 m (b) 150 3 m (c) 150 2 m (d) 100 m

10. From a light house the angle of depression of two ships on opposite sides of the light house are observed
to be 300 and 450. If the height of the light house is h metres, what is the distance between the ships?
(a) ( )
3 + 1 m (b) ( )
3 − 1 m (c) 3 m (d) 24 m

11. A kite is flying at a height of 60 m above the ground. The string attached to the kite is temporarily tied to
a point on the ground. The inclination of the string with the ground is 600. Find the length of the string
assuming that there is no slack in the string.
(a) 40 m (b) 60 3 m (c) 60 m (d) 40 3 m

12. A tree 12 m high is broken by the wind in such a way that its top touches the ground and makes an angle
of 600 with the ground. At what height from the bottom the tree is broken?
(a) 5 m (b) 5.569 m (c) 6 m (d) 6.5 m

13. When we raise our hand to look at the object, the angle formed by the line of sight with horizontal is
known as
(a) angle of elevation (b) angle of depression (c) acute angle (d) obtuse angle

14. When the length of the shadow of a pillar is equal to its height, the elevation at source of sight is
(a) 300 (b) 450 (c) 600 (d) 900

15. A ladder is 10 m long. It touches a wall at a height of 5 m. The angle q made by it with the horizontal line is
(a) 300 (b) 450 (c) 600 (d) 900

16. The tops of two poles of height 10 m and 18 m are connected with wire. If wire makes an angle of 300 with
horizontal, then length of wire is
(a) 10 m (b) 12 m (c) 16 m (d) 18 m

17. A ladder leans against a wall at point B (window end) from a ground level and makes an angle horizontally
at 300. Height of ladder is 15 m. When same ladder leans above point B at point A (window start) and
makes an angle of 450 horizontally, distance between point A and point B is
(a) 12.4 m (b) 3.12 m (c) 4 m (d) 5 m

18. Height of a light house is 65 m. Angles of elevation and depression of top and foot of a radar mast are
600 and 300 respectively. Height of radar mast is
(a) 109 m (b) 209 m (c) 109.9 m (d) 260 m

54 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

19. A tower subtends an angle of 300 at a point on the same level as its foot. At a second point h metres
above the first, the depression of the foot of the tower is 600. What is the height of the tower?
h h h
(a) h metre (b) metre (c) metre (d) metre
2 3 4

20. The angle of elevation of a cloud from a point h metre above a lake is q. The angle of depression of its
reflection in the lake is 450. What is the height of the cloud?
(a) h tan(450 + θ) (b) h tan(300 + θ) (c) h tan(450 – θ) (d) h cot(450 + θ)

21. It is found that on walking x metres towards a chimney in a horizontal line through its base, the elevation
of its top changes from 300 to 600. What is the height of the chimney?
3x 3x
(a) 3 2 x (b) (c) (d) 3x
2 2

22. ABCD is a trapezium in which AB || CD, AB = 14 cm, BC = AD = 5 cm and DC = 8 cm. Find the value of
3 sin B – 4 cos B.
1 1
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) (d)
2 4

23. A farmer wants to plough his agricultural field which is triangular in shape such that AB = AC and
BC = 12 m, ABC = 300. Find the cost of ploughing it at the rate of ` 10 per m2. (take 3 = 1.7)
(a) ` 204 (b) ` 200 (c) ` 150 (d) ` 496

24. The height of a tower is half the height of the flagstaff. The angle of elevation of the top of the tower as
seen from a point on the ground is 300. What is the angle of elevation of the top of the flagstaff as seen
from the same point?
(a) 300 (b) 450 (c) 600 (d) 750

25. The angle of elevation of the top of a tower standing on a horizontal plane from a point A is α. After
walking a distance d towards the foot of the tower, the angle of elevation is found to be b. What is the
height of the tower?
d d d d
(a) (b) (c) (d)
cot α − cot β cot α + cot β cos α − cot β cosec α − tan β

26. A pole 6 m high casts a shadow 2 3 m long on the ground, then the sun’s elevation is
(a) 300 (b) 450 (c) 600 (d) 750

27. The height of a tower is 10 m. What is the length of its shadow when sun’s altitude is 450?
(a) 10 m (b) 20 m (c) 30 m (d) 45 m

28. The angle of elevation of the top of a tower from a point on the ground, which is 20 m away from the foot
of the tower is 600. Find the height of the tower.
(a) 10 3 m (b) 20 3 m (c) 30 3 m (d) 40 3 m

29. In the given figure, what are the angles of depression from the observing D E
positions D and E of the object A? 600
(a) 30 , 35
0 0
(b) 30 , 45
0 0

(c) 450, 300 (d) 300, 600

450
C A
B

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 55

30. In the given figure, find the value of BC.
A
D
100 m
80 m

600 450
B E C

(a) 100 m (b) 130 m (d) 150 m (d) 180 m

31. In the given figure ABCD is a rectangle, find the perimeter.

D C

10 m

300
A B

(a) 20 m (b) 20 ( 3 + 1 m ) (c) 20 3 m (d) 40 m

32. In the given figure, find the value of AB.

A

B
60 0

D 450 C
1000 m

(a) 1000 m (b) 1000 ( 3 + 1 m ) (c) 1000 ( 3 − 1 m ) (d) 1000 3 m

A
33. In the given figure, two persons are standing at the opposite direction
P and Q of the tower. If the height of the tower is 60 m then find the
distance between the two persons.
60 m
(a) 30 ( )
3 + 1 m (b) 60 ( 3 + 1 m ) 300 450
(c) 50 ( 3 + 1) m (d) 100 ( 3 + 1 m ) P B Q

34. From the top of the hill, the angles of depression of two consecutive kilometres stones due east are found
to be at 300 and 450. Find the height of the hill.
(a) 1 km (b) 1.27 km (c) 1.37 km (d) 2.34 km

35. The length of a string between kite and a point on the ground is 90 m. If the string makes an angle with
3
the ground level such that sin a = , find the height of the kite. There is no slack in the string.
5
(a) 90 m (b) 54 m (c) 150 m (d) 160 m

36. A straight highway leads to the foot of a tower. A man standing at the top of the tower observes a car at
an angle of depression of 300, which is approaching the foot of the tower at a uniform speed. Six second

56 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

 later, the angle of depression of the car is found to be 600. Find the time taken by the car to reach the foot
of the tower from this point.
(a) 3 seconds (b) 6 seconds (c) 9 seconds (d) 4 seconds

37. In the given figure, AB is a 6 m high pole and CD is a ladder inclined at an angle of 600 to the horizontal
and reaches up to a point D of the pole. If AD = 2.54 m, find the length of the ladder.
(use 3 = 1.73)
A
2.54 m
D
6m

600
B C
(a) 3 m (b) 4 m (c) 5 m (d) 6 m

38. An aircraft flying at an altitude of 200 m observes the angle of depression of opposite points on the two
banks of a river to be 450 and 600. Find the width of the river.
(a) 212 m (b) 314 m (c) 315.4 m (d) 400 m

39. The angle of elevation of the top Q of a vertical tower PQ from a point X on the ground is 600. At a
point Y, 40 m vertically above X, the angle of elevation is 450, find the height of the tower PQ.
(a) 94 m (b) 94.64 m (c) 100.24 m (d) 200.6 m

40. As observed from the top of a 75 m tall light house the angle of depression of two ships are 300 and 450.
If one ship is exactly behind the other on the same side of the light house, then distance between the two
ships is
(a) 75 m (b) 75 ( )
3 − 1 m (c) 75 3 m (d) 100 3 m

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 57

C
Chapter 10

ircles
Points to Remember
Collection of all points in a plane which are at equal distance from a fixed point in the plane is called a circle.
The fixed point is called the centre and distance from origin is called ‘radius’.
A line that passes through the centre and touches both ends of the boundary of the circle is called ‘Diameter’.
O = Centre
OA = OB = OC = Radius Q
R B
BC = diameter
PQ = Chord
P O
 is minor arc and CAB
PRQ  is major arc.

C A
Tangent and Secant
If a line touches a circle at a point then the line is called ‘Tangent’ and the point where the lines touches the circle
is called the point of contact.
T
P is an external poin t. The line drawn from P meets at T.
PT = tangent
T = point of contact P
PAB = Secant
A
A line that intersects a circle in two distinct points is called secant. B
Q
Result: i) PT = PQ
ii) PT2 = PA × PB

Tangents
1. From an external point, infinite many tangents can be drawn.
2. Tangent at any point of a circle is perpendicular to the radius through point of
contact.
3. From an external point, length of tangents drawn to circle are equal.

Given two circles, there are tangents to both of them at the same time.
(a) If the circle are separate there are four possible common tangents.
(b) If the two circles touch each other at just one part there are three possible
tangents that are common to both.
(c) If the two circles touch at just one point then there are two tangents that
are common to both.

58 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

 Exercise
1. The length of tangent from an external point are
(a) equal (b) not equal (c) greater than (d) none

2. If radii of two concentric circles are 4 cm and 5 cm, then the length of each chord of one circle which is
tangent to the other circle is
(a) 3 cm (b) 4 cm (c) 5 cm (d) 6 cm

3. In the given figure find the length of BC.

A

3 cm
9 cm
N M

4 cm 6 cm

B C
L
(a) 8 cm (b) 9 cm (c) 10 cm (d) 12 cm

4. From a point P which is at a distance of 13 cm from the centre O of a circle of radius 5 cm, the pair of
tangents PQ and PR to the circles are drawn, what is the area of quadrilateral PQOR.
(a) 60 sq. cm (b) 70 sq. cm (c) 80 sq. cm (d) 100 sq. cm

5. If two tangents inclined at an angle of 600 are drawn to a circle of radius 3 cm, then length of each tangent
is equal to
(a) 3 cm (b) 6 cm (c) 3 3 cm (d) 5 cm

6. The distance between two parallel tangents to circle of radius r is

r
(a) r (b) 2r (c) (d) 4r
2
7. PA and PB are two tangents drawn to a circle from a point P outside the circle. If PA = 5 cm and
APB = 600, then length of the chord AB is
(a) 10 cm (b) 5 cm (c) 12 cm (d) 4 cm

8. ABCD is a quadrilateral. A circle centered at O is inscribed in the quadrilateral. If AB = 7 cm, BC = 4 cm,

CD = 5 cm, then find DA.
(a) 7 cm (b) 7.5 cm (c) 8 cm (d) 10 cm

9. Find the distance between two parallel tangents whose radius is 6.5 cm.
(a) 11 cm (b) 12 cm (c) 13 cm (d) 15 cm

10. The length of the tangent to a circle from a point P, which is 25 cm away from the centre is 24 cm. What
is the radius of the circle?
(a) 5 cm (b) 7 cm (c) 9 cm (d) 13 cm

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 59

11. In the given figure, find the value of angle ACB.
A

C 1400 O

(a) 300 (b) 400 (c) 500 (d) 800

12. In figure, O is the centre of a circle, PQ is a chord and the tangent PR at P

R
P makes an angles of 500 with PQ, find POQ. 500

(a) 450 (b) 500

O
(c) 900 (d) 1000
Q
13. In the given figure, find the value of x. O’
O 1250
x
(a) 750 (b) 1150
A C
(c) 1450 (d) 1560
P
14. From an external point P, tangents PA and PB are drawn to a circle E
with centre O. If CD is the tangent to the circle at a Point E and O
PA = 14 cm, find the perimeter of PCD.
D
(a) 25 cm (b) 27 cm T
(c) 28 cm (d) 32 cm B P

15. In the given figure, if TP and TQ are the two tangents to a circle with centre O so that 1100
POQ = 1100, then find the value of PTQ. Q
O
(a) 600 (b) 700
(c) 800 (d) 1000

16. In the given figure, the pair of tangents AP and AQ are drawn from an external P
point A to a circle with centre O are perpendicular to each other and length of 4
each tangent is 4 cm, then the radius of the circle is O A
(a) 4 cm (b) 6 cm 4
(c) 8 cm (d) 10 cm
Q
17. In the given figure if AOB = 3 ANB then find the value of ANB. A
(a) 35
0
(b) 45 0

(c) 55
0
(d) 680
O N
18. The length of tangent drawn from a point 8 cm away from the centre
of a circle of radius 6 cm is
(a) 8 cm (b) 2 7 cm B
(c) 10 cm (d) 12 cm

60 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

19. How many tangents can be drawn to a circle, parallel to a given chord.
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) infinite

20. The tangents drawn at the end of the diameter of a circle are
(a) intersecting at a point inside the circle (b) perpendicular
(c) parallel (d) intersecting at the centre of the circle

21. If tangents PA and PB from a point P to a circle with centre O are inclined to each other at an angle of 700,
then find POA.
(a) 600 (b) 650 (c) 560 (d) 550

22. PQ is a tangent drawn from a point P to a circle with centre O and QOR is the diameter of the circle such
that POR = 1200, then OPQ is
P
(a) 300 (b) 500
(c) 600 (d) 450
70°
23. In the given figure, O is the centre of a circle, PQ is a chord and PT O T
is the tangent at P. If POQ = 700, then TPQ = ?
(a) 350 (b) 400
Q
(c) 550 (d) 650 D
24. In the given figure, ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral in which AC and BD are its diagonals.
If DBC = 550, and BAC = 450, then BCD = ? A
(a) 700 (b) 800 45°
(c) 60 0
(d) none of these 55°
B C
25. A line that intersects a circle in exactly one point is called a
(a) tangent (b) secant
(c) diameter (d) chord

26. Find the diameter of the given figure.

S
24 cm

25 cm
O Q

P

(a) 7 cm (b) 4 cm A
(c) 14 cm (d) 17 cm 6 cm

27. In the given figure, find the perimeter of the triangle.

(a) 30 cm (b) 35 cm 5 cm

(c) 42 cm (d) 45 cm B C
10 cm
28. A line that intersects the circle in exactly two points is called a
(a) tangent (b) secant (c) diameter (d) chord

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 61

29. The angle between two tangents drawn from an external point to a circle is 110°. The angle subtended at
the centre by the segments joining the points of contact to the centre of circle is:
(a) 500 (b) 700 (c) 800 (d) 790
A
30. A tangent PA is drawn from an external point P to a circle of radius
3 2 cm such that the distance of the point P from O is 6 cm as 3 2 cm
shown in the figure. The value of APO is
O P
6 cm
(a) 500 (b) 450
(c) 600 (d) 900

31. What is the distance between two parallel tangents of a circle of radius 4 cm?
(a) 6 cm (b) 7 cm (c) 8 cm (d) 10 cm

32. In the given figure, two concentric circles of radii a and b (a > b) are given. The chord
AB of larger circle touches the smaller circle at C. The length of AB is O
a b
(a) a2 + b2 (b) a2 + 2b2
A B
C
(c) 2 a − b (d) 2a2 + b2
2 2

T
33. In the given figure two circles with centre A and B touch each 3 cm
other externally at K. Find the length of PQ in cm. 13 cm k
P Q
(a) 24 cm (b) 25 cm 12 A B 5 cm
cm
(c) 27 cm (d) 32 cm

34. In the given figure, find the value of x + y. A

(a) 800 (b) 900
(c) 1000 (d) 1200 400 y
P x O
35. A circle may have ______ tangents.
(a) 2 (b) 3
B A
(c) infinite (d) no

36. PA is the tangent to a circle of radius 6 cm, PA = 8 cm, find the length
B P
of PB. O
(a) 10 cm (b) 14 cm
(c) 16 cm (d) 18 cm B
S
37. In the given figure, a circle is circumscribed around ABCD, A
if AR + BT = 8 cm then find AB.
(a) 6 cm (b) 8 cm T
R
(c) 10 cm (d) 13 cm

38. Find the length of PS, if PR = 7.5 cm. D C

(a) 7.5 cm (b) 10 cm Q
O S
(c) 15 cm (d) 12 cm R
Q

62 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

39. In the given figure, PQ is the tangent to the outer circle and PR Q
is the tangent to the inner circle. If PQ = 4 cm, OQ = 3 cm and
OR = 2 cm then find the length of PR.
O P
(a) 10 cm (b) 17 cm
(c) 21 cm (d) 12 cm R

40. In the given figure, if AOB = 1250, find COD.

A B

1250
O

D C
(a) 250 (b) 1250 (c) 550 (d) 450

41. In the given figure, O is the centre of the circle, PQ is a tangent to the circle at A. If PAB = 580, what is
the measure of ABQ.

R
580
P A Q

(a) 240 (b) 320 (c) 1160 (d) 580

42. PQL and PRM are tangents to the circle with centre O at points Q and L
Q
R respectively. if SQL = 500 and SRM = 600 then QSR = ? 500
(a) 540 (b) 700
(c) 760 (d) 580 S O P

43. In the given figure, find the length of AQ.

A 600
R
M
6 cm 5 cm
3 cm
B C
D
Q P

(a) 5 cm (b) 6 cm (c) 7 cm (d) 10 cm

E D
44. In the given figure, O is the centre of the circle, find the value of 2x + y + z.
(a) 2400 (b) 3000 30 z
0

(c) 3900 (d) 5000 O

A y
C
x
B
Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 63
45. In the given figure, find the value of PQ.
B

O O’ Q
P
R
4 cm 3 cm

L 8 cm

A
(a) 8 cm (b) 4 cm (c) 24 cm (d) 27 cm

46. In the given figure, BOA is the diameter of the circle and the tangent at P meets BA extended at T, if
PBO = 300, find PTA.
P

B T
O A

(a) 400 (b) 300 (c) 600 (d) 500

47. In the given figure, BQ, AP and QP are the tangents. Find the value of angle ∠QOP.
B Q

O R

A P
C
(a) 400 (b) 900 (c) 600 (d) 500
X
48. In the given figure, AC is the diameter of the circle with centre O and A is a point of
contact, find x. O B
(a) 40
0
(b) 90 0

(c) 60
0
(d) 500 40°
P A Q
49. In the given figure, find the radius of the circle.
A

23 cm

R
29 cm

B
5 cm

r
Q
S O

C P D
(a) 8 cm (b) 10 cm (c) 11 cm (d) 23 cm

64 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

50. In the given figure, find PC, if AB = 13 cm, BC = 7 cm and AD = 15 m.
A

13 cm

R
15 cm
B
4 cm
O Q
7 cm S

C P D
(a) 4 cm (b) 5 cm (c) 6 cm (d) 11 cm

51. Write True or False against each statement.

(a) If a chord AB subtends an angle of 600 at the centre of a circle, then angle between the tangents at
A and B is also 600.
(b) The length of tangent from an external point on a circle is always greater than the radius of the circle.
(c) The length of tangent from an external point P on a circle with centre O is always less than OP.
(d) The angle between two tangents to a circle may be 00.
(e) If angle between two tangents drawn from a point P to a circle of radius a and centre O is 900, then
OP = a 2 .
(f) The length of two tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are equal.
(g) A tangent to a circle is perpendicular to the radius through the point of contact.
(h) If two circles touch each other, the point of contact lies on tangent.
(i) At any point on a circle there can be one and only one tangent.
(j) In two concentric circles, the chord of the larger circle, which touches the smaller circle is bisected at
the point of contact.
(k) There is no tangent to a circle passing through a point inside the circle.
(l) There are exactly four tangents to a circle at a point lying outside the circle.
(m) A line which intersects a circle in two distinct points is called a tangent to the circle.

52. Fill in the blanks.

(a) A line intersecting a circle in two distinct points is called a _______________ of the circle.
(b) The point where a tangent to a circle meets the circle is called a _______________ .
(c) From a point on the circle, _______________ tangents can be drawn.
(d) A circle lying inside a triangle which touches all the three sides of the triangle is called the __________ .

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 65

C
Chapter 11

onstructions
Exercise
1. To divide a line segment PQ in the ratio of m : n, draw a ray PX such that QPX is an acute angle, then
mark points on ray PX, the number of these points is
m
(a) m + n (b) m – n (c) mn (d)
n

2. To divide a line segment internally in the ratio of m : n, the condition on m and n is

(a) m and n are real numbers (b) m and n are rational numbers
(c) m and n are positive integers (d) m and n are irrationals

3. When a triangle is constructed, similar to given triangle with scale factor k, and the constructed triangle
is inside the given triangle then
(a) k = 1 (b) k > 1 (c) k < 1 (d) k = 0

4. From an external point P, to construct tangents to a circle centered at O, OP is joined and then another
circle is drawn, taking M as centre and OM as radius, the point M is the point of intersection of OP and
(a) perpendicular bisector of OP (b) M and O coincide
(c) M and P coincide (d) the circle

5. To draw a pair of tangents to a circle which are inclined to each other at an angle of 600, it is required to
draw tangents at end points of those two radii of the circle, the angle between them should be
(a) 1300 (b) 1200 (c) 1400 (d) 1500

6. To divide a line segment AB in the ratio of 5 : 7, first a ray AX is drawn so that BAX is an acute angle and
then at equal distances points are marked on the ray AX such that minimum number of these points is
(a) 8 (b) 10 (c) 12 (d) 14
3
7. To construct a triangle similar to a given triangle ABC with its sides of the corresponding sides of
7
triangle ABC, first draw a ray BX such that CBX is an acute angle and X lies on the opposite side of A
with respect to BC, then locate points B1 , B2 , ....... , B10 ­ on BX at equal distances and next step is to join
(a) B10 to C (b) B3 to C (c) B4 to C (d) B7 to C
5
8. To construct a triangle similar to a given triangle ABC with its sides of the corresponding sides of
3
triangle ABC, a ray BX is drawn such that CBX is an acute angle and X is on the opposite side of A with
respect to BC. What is the minimum number of points to be located at equal distances on ray BX?
(a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 6

9. To draw a pair of tangents to a circle which are inclined to each other at an angle of 450, what should be
the angle between two radii?
(a) 1300 (b) 1350 (c) 900 (d) 1100

66 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

10. How many tangents can be drawn from a point lying inside a circle?
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 4

11. To divide a line segment AB in the ratio of 4 : 5, the points A1, A2, A3 ..... are located at equal distances on
the ray AX and BY respectively. Which two points should be joined to divide a line segment?
(a) A4 , B5 (b) A4 , B3 (c) A2 , B4 (d) A4 , B4

12. To draw the perpendicular bisector of a line segment AB, we open the compass
1 1 1
(a) more than AB (b) less than AB (c) equal to AB (d) none of these
2 2 2

13. To construct a triangle, we must know at least its ________ parts.

(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5

14. For which of the following conditions the construction of a triangle is not possible?
(a) If two sides and angle between them is given.
(b) If its three sides are given.
(c) If two angles and side included between them is given.
(d) If three sides and one angle is given.

15. To construct an angle of 150 we

(a) bisect an angle of 600 (b) bisect an angle of 450
(c) bisect an angle of 800 (d) none of these
AB 2
16. ∆ABC ~ ∆AB’C’ such that = , if BC = 7 cm then what is the length of BC’.
AB' 7
(a) 12.5 cm (b) 24.5 cm (c) 15 cm (d) 18 cm
3
17. Side AB of triangle ABC is 8 cm. In which ratio does AB divide such that AB’ = AB?
4
(a) 3 : 1 (b) 3 : 4 (C) 2 : 3 (d) 3 : 2

18. In order to construct ∆ABC ~ ∆AB’C’, if BC = 6 cm, B =900, AB = 8 cm, if BC’ = 4 cm, what is the length
of BA’?
16
(a) 13 cm (b) 13.5 cm (c) cm (d) 11 cm
3

19. What is the length of tangents drawn from an external point to a circle whose radius is 6 cm and the
distance of the point from the centre is 10 cm?
(a) 6 cm (b) 8 cm (c) 10 cm (d) 12 cm

20. In the given figure ∆ABC ~ ∆A’BC’ if BC’ : C’C = 3 : 1 then find the ratio of A’B : AB.
A

A’

B C
C’
(a) 3 : 1 (b) 3 : 4 (c) 1 : 3 (d) 4 : 3

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 67

21. In the given figure, ∆ABC is constructed similar to ∆A’BC’ with a given scale factor k, then k can take the
value
A’

B C’
C

(a) 3 : 7 (b) 5 : 4 (c) 1 : 3 (d) 4 : 5

22. To divide a line segment AB in the ratio of 5 : 7, first a ray AX is drawn so that BAX is an acute angle and
then at equal distances points are marked on the ray AX such that the minimum number of these points is
(a) 9 (b) 10 (c) 11 (d) 12

23. To divide a line segment AB in the ratio of 4 : 7, a ray AX is drawn first such that ∠BAX is an acute angle
and then points A1 , A2 , … are located at equal distances on the ray AX and the point B is joined to
(a) A10 (b) A11 (c) A12 (d) A8

24. To divide a line segment PQ in the ratio of 2 : 7, first a ray PZ is drawn so that QPX is an acute angle and
then at equal distances points are marked on the ray PX such that minimum number of these points is
(a) 5 (b) 7 (c) 9 (d) 2

25. To construct a triangle similar to triangle ABC in which BC = 4.5 cm, B = 450, C = 600 using a scale
3
factor of , BC will be divided in the ratio of
7
(a) 3 : 4 (b) 4 : 3 (c) 3 : 10 (d) 3 : 7

68 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

A
Chapter 12

reas Related to Circles

Points to Remember

Perimeter and Area

C
OA = Radius

O AC = diameter
A
AB = Chord
A B
 = Arc
APB
P
(a) Perimeter (Circumference) = 2πr = πd.
πd2
(b) Area = pr2 =
4
πr2
(c) Area of semicircle =
2
πr2
(d) Area of quadrant = R
4
(e) Area enclosed by two concentric circles = p(R2 – r2) r

Segment of a circle
Q  = minor segment
APB
O
 = major segment
AQB
θ B

A  = area of sector OAPB – area of ∆OAB

P
Area of minor segment APB
πr2 θ 1
= – r2 sin θ
360 2
πr2 θ
Area of sector =
3600
2πrθ
length of arc =
3600
 = πr2 – Area of minor segment APB
Area of major segment AQB 

Angle by clock hands

Angle described by minute hand in 1 minute = 60
Angle described by hour hand in 1 minute = 300

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 69

 Exercise
1. The area of a circle is 49p cm2, what is its circumference?
(a) 7π cm (b) 14π cm (c) 21π cm (d) 28π cm

2. The circumference of two circles are in the ratio of 2 : 3, what is the ratio of their areas?
(a) 2 : 3 (b) 4 : 9 (c) 9 : 4 (d) none of these

3. In making 1000 revolutions, a wheel covers 88 km. What is the diameter of the wheel?
(a) 14 m (b) 28 m (c) 42 m (d) 22 m

4. If θ is the angle of a sector of a circle of radius r, then area of the sector is

πr2 θ 2πr2 θ πθ πr2 θ
(a) (b) (c) (d)
360 360 360 300

5. If the perimeter of a circle is equal to that of square, find the ratio of their areas.
22 14 7 11
(a) (b) (c) (d)
7 11 22 14

6. The area of a regular hexagon of side 8 cm is

(a) 65 3 sq. cm (b) 84 3 sq. cm (c) 96 3 sq. cm (d) none of these

7. A pendulum swings through an angle of 360 and describes an arc of length 8.8 cm. What is the length of
the pendulum?
(a) 16 cm (b) 14 cm (c) 21 cm (d) 12 cm

8. A chord 10 cm long is drawn in a circle of radius 50 cm . The value of central angle is

(a) 600 (b) 900 (c) 1000 (d) 1200

9. If the diameter of a semi-circular protractor is 14 cm, then find its perimeter.

(a) 13 cm (b) 24 cm (c) 36 cm (d) 40 cm

10. Area of a ring with radius R and r is

(a) π(R – r) (b) π(R2 – r2) (c) 2π(R – r) (d) π(R – r)2

11. The area of the circle that can be inscribed in a square of side 6 cm is
(a) 36π sq. cm (b) 18π sq. cm (c) 12π sq. cm (d) 9π sq. cm

12. The radius of a wheel is 0.25 m, find the number of revolutions it will make to travel a distance of 11 km.
(a) 4000 (b) 5000 (c) 7000 (d) 3500

13. A wire is bent in the form of a circle of radius 35 cm. If it is bent in the form of a square, find its area.
(a) 2025 cm2 (b) 3025 cm2 (c) 4025 cm2 (d) 225 cm2

14. The arc of a circle is of length 5π cm and the sector it bounds has an area of 20π cm2. The radius of the
circle is
(a) 1 cm (b) 5 cm (c) 8 cm (d) 10 cm

15. A sector is cut from a circle of radius 21 cm. The angle of sector is 1500. Find the area of the sector.
(a) 577.5 cm2 (b) 288.2 cm2 (c) 152 cm2 (d) 155 cm2

70 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

16. A horse is tied to a pole with 56 m long string. The area of the field where the horse can graze is
(a) 2560 m2 (b) 2464 m2 (c) 9856 m2 (d) 25600 m2

17. The hour hand of a clock is 6 cm long. Find the area swept by it between 11 : 20 am and 11 : 55 am.
(a) 35 cm2 (b) 45 cm2 (c) 66 cm2 (d) 65 cm2

18. If a square is inscribed in a circle, what is the ratio of the area of the circle and the square?
(a) π : 2 (b) π : 3 (c) π : 5 (d) π : 7

19. What is the ratio of the area of a circle and an equilateral triangle whose diameter and a side are respectively
equal?
(a) π : 3 b) 3 : π

(c) 5 : 2 d) π : 3
5 O
20. In the given figure, O is the centre of a circle. The area of sector OAPB is of the x
18
area of the circle. Find x. A B
(a) 700 (b) 900
P
(c) 1000 (d) 1200

21. In the given figure, OAPB is a sector of a circle of radius 10.5 cm. Find the perimeter
of the sector. O
(a) 24 cm (b) 39.33 cm 10.5

(c) 44 cm (d) 54 cm A B

22. A boy is cycling such that the wheels of the cycle are making 140 revolutions per P
minute. If the diameter of the wheel is 60 cm. Calculate the speed of cycle.
(a) 15.84 km/h (b) 17 km/h (c) 21.4 km/h (d) 31.5 km/h

23. In the given figure, find the perimeter of the shaded area.
R

P
7 cm 7 cm 7 cm
C D
A B
Q

S
(a) 60 cm (b) 64 cm (c) 66 cm (d) 74 cm

24. Find the area of the shaded region.

8m

4m
6m

(a) 32 cm2 (b) (32 + π) cm2 (c) (32 + 2π) cm2 (d) 40 cm2

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 71

25. Find the area of the shaded region.
A

8c

m
m

6c
B C

(a) 24 cm2 (b) 26 cm2 (c) 32 cm2 (d) 48 cm2

26. Find the area of the flower bed?

16 cm

44 cm

(a) (448 + 64π) cm2 (b) (654 + 24π) cm2 (c) (504 + 64π) cm2 (d) (254 + 64π) cm2

27. With vertices A, B and C of a triangle ABC as centres, arc is drawn with radius 6 cm each in figure given
below. If AB = 20 cm, BC = 48 cm and CA = 52 cm, find the area of the shaded region. [Take p = 3.14]
A

52
cm
20 cm

B C
48 cm

(a) 423.48 cm2 (b) 723.48 cm2 (c) 623.48 cm2 (d) 473.48 cm2

28. Find the area of the shaded region if PR = 24 cm, PQ = 7 cm and O is the centre of the circle.
R

P Q

(a) 164.54 cm2 (b) 161.54 cm2 (c) 162.54 cm2 (d) none of these

29. The difference between the circumference and the radius of a circle is 37 cm. Find the area of the circle.
(a) 111 cm2 (b) 184 cm2 (c) 154 cm2 (d) 259 cm2

30. The area of a circular field is 13.86 hectares, find the cost of fencing it at the rate of ` 4.40 per square.
(a) ` 5808 (b) ` 6000 (c) ` 6740 (d) ` 3490

31. The diameter of the wheel of a bus is 140 cm. How many revolutions per minute must the wheel make in
order to keep a speed of 66 kmph?
(a) 150 (b) 250 (c) 400 (d) 500

72 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

32. Find the ratio of the areas of the incircle and circumcircle of a square.
(a) 1 : 2 (b) 1 : 3 (c) 2 : 3 (d) 4 : 5

33. If the circumference and the area of a circle are numerically equal, then the diameter is equal to
(a) 2π (b) 2 (c) 4 (d) 6

34. A wire when bent in the form of a square encloses an area of 484 sq. cm. What will be the enclosed area
when the same wire is bent into the form of a circle?
(a) 462 sq. cm (b) 539 sq. cm (c) 616 sq. cm (d) 693 sq. cm

35. The wheel of a motorcycle, 70 cm in diameter makes 40 revolutions in every 10 seconds. What is the
speed of the motorcycle in km/h?
(a) 22.32 (b) 27.68 (c) 31.68 (d) 34.58

36. The areas of two concentric circles forming a ring are 154 sq. cm and 616 sq. cm. What is the width of the
ring?
(a) 7 cm (b) 14 cm (c) 21 cm (d) 28 cm

37. Four equal sized maximum circular plates are cut off from a square paper sheet of area 784 sq. cm. What
is the circumference of each plate?
(a) 22 cm (b) 44 cm (c) 66 cm (d) 88 cm

38. The perimeter of a triangle is 30 cm and the circumference of its incircle is 88 cm. The area of the triangle
is
(a) 70 sq. cm (b) 140 sq. cm (c) 210 sq. cm (d) 420 sq. cm

39. Three circles of radius 3.5 cm are placed in such a way that each circle touches the other two. The area of
the portion enclosed by the circle is
(a) 1.967 sq. cm (b) 1.975 sq. cm (c) 19.67 sq. cm (d) 45.78 sq. cm

40. Four circular cardboard pieces, each of radius 7 cm are placed in such a way that each piece touches two
other pieces. The area of the space enclosed by the four pieces is
(a) 21 sq. cm (b) 42 sq. cm (c) 49 sq. cm (d) 67 sq. cm

41. If the circumference of a circle increases from 4π to 8π , what changes occur in its area.
(a) 100% (b) 200% (c) 300% (d) 400%

42. A calf is tied with a rope of length 6 m at the corner of a square grassy lawn of side 20 m, if the length of
the rope is increased by 5.5 m, the increase in area of the grassy lawn that the calf can graze is
(a) 48.71 sq. m (b) 75.63 sq. m (c) 59.73 sq. m (d) 105.63 sq. m

43. The area of the square that can be inscribed in a circle of radius 8 cm is
(a) 256 sq. cm (b) 128 sq. cm (c) 64 sq. cm (d) 32 sq. cm

44. Find the area of a square inscribed in a circle of radius 5 cm.

(a) 24 sq. cm (b) 50 sq. cm (c) 49 sq. cm (d) 78 sq. cm

45. The largest triangle is inscribed in a semi-circle of radius 7 cm. Find the area inside the semi-circle which
is not occupied by triangle.
(a) 14 sq. cm (b) 28 sq. cm (c) 42 sq. cm (d) 56 sq. cm

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 73

46. What is the area of the larger segment of circle formed by a chord of length 5 cm subtending an angle of
90° at the centre?
25  π  25  π  25  3π 
(a)  + 1  sq. cm (b)  − 1  sq. cm (c)  + 1  sq. cm (d) None of these
4 2  4 2  4 2 

47. If the circumference of a circle is equal to the perimeter of a square, then which one of the following is
correct?
(a) area of circle = area of square (b) area of circle > area of square
(c) area of circle ≥ area of square (d) area of circle ≤ area of square

48. Find the area of the largest circle that can be drawn inside a rectangle with sides 18 cm and 14 cm.
(a) 49 sq. cm (b) 154 sq. cm (c) 145 sq. cm (d) 616 sq. cm

49. The inner circumference of a circular race track 7 m wide is 440 m. Find the radius of the outer circle.
(a) 67 m (b) 74 m (c) 77 m (d) 54 m

50. The radius of a circle whose circumference is equal to the sum of the circumference of the two circles of
diameter 36 cm and 20 cm is
(a) 56 cm (b) 42 cm (c) 28 cm (d) 16 cm

51. Match the following.

Column I Column II
(a) Area of circle (i) 2r
(b) Area of quadrant (ii) 2πr
(c) Area of ring (iii) πr2
(d) Circumference (iv) π (R2 – r2)
πr2 θ
(e) Length of arc (v)
360°
2πrθ
(f) Area of sector (vi)
360°
1
(g) Diameter (vii)
4 πr2

74 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

S
Chapter 13

urface Areas and Volumes

Points to Remember

S.No. Name of solid Figure LSA TSA Volume

1. Cuboid h 2h(l + b) 2(lb + bh + lh) lbh

l b

a
2. Cube 4a2 6a2 a3
a a

3. Cylinder h 2πrh 2πr(r+h) πr2h

r

πrl
4. Cone h l l = slant height = πr(l+r) 1 2
πr h
3
r r 2 + h2

Right circular
5. 2π(R+r)h 2π(R+r)h+2π(R2–r2) π(R2–r2)h
hollow cylinder h
r

6. Sphere — 4πr2 4 3
πr
3

r
7. Hemisphere 2πr2 3πr2 2 3
πr
3

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 75

 r π(R+r)+π(R2+r2)
8. Frustrum l π(R+r)l 1
h πh(R 2 + r 2 + Rr )
h + (R – r )
2 2
R l= 3

Exercise
1. The radii of the ends of a frustrum of a cone of height h cm are r and R cm. What will be the volume of
frustrum?
1 1 1 1
(a) πh (r2 + R2 + Rr) (b) πh(r2 + R2 – Rr) (c) πh(r2 + R2) (d) πh(r2 + R2 + 2Rr)
3 3 3 3

2. Determine the ratio of the volume of a cube to that of a sphere which will exactly fit inside the cube.
(a) 4 : π (b) 14 : π (c) 6 : π (d) 2 : π

3. Two solid right circular cones have the same height and radii of their bases are r and R. They are melted
out and recast into a cylinder of same height. The radius of the cylinder is
R r R2 − r 2 R2 + r 2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3 3 3 3

4. The surface areas of a sphere and a cube are equal. What is the ratio of the volume of the sphere to that
 22 
of the cube?  use π = 
 7 
(a) 21 : 11 (b) 2 : 5 (c) 4 : 7 (d) 43 : 7

5. The interior of building is in the form of a right circular cylinder of radius 7 m and height 6 m is surmounted
by a right circular cone of some radius and vertical angle 600. Find the cost of painting the building from
inside at the rate of ` 30 per square metre.
(a) ` 1760 (b) ` 17160 (c) ` 16710 (d) ` 23450

6. The ratio of the radii of two cylinders is 2 : 3 and the ratio of their heights is 5 : 3. What is the ratio of their
volume?
(a) 4 : 9 (b) 9 : 4 (c) 20 : 27 (d) 27 : 20

7. The curved surface area of a cylindrical pillar is 264 m2 and its volume is 924 m3. What is the ratio of its
diameter to height?
(a) 7 : 3 (b) 4 : 7 (c) 3 : 7 (d) 2 : 9

8. The curved surface area of a right circular cone of radius 14 cm is 440 sq. cm. What is the slant height of
the cone?
(a) 10 cm (b) 11 cm (c) 12 cm (d) 13 cm

9. What is the volume of cone having a base of radius 10 cm and height 21 cm?
(a) 2200 cubic cm (b) 3000 cubic cm (c) 5600 cubic cm (d) None

10. The volume of a right circular cone is 100π cm3 and its height is 12 cm. Find the slant height.
(a) 11 cm (b) 12 cm (c) 13 cm (d) 14 cm

76 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

11. If the ratio of volumes of two cones is 2 : 3 and the ratio of the radii of their bases is 1 : 2, then the ratio of
their heights will be
(a) 3 : 8 (b) 8 : 3 (c) 4 : 7 (d) 7 : 4

12. Total surface area of a hemisphere is

(a) 2πr2 (b) 4πr2 (c) 3πr2 (d) 6πr2

13. What is the surface area of the sphere having radius 4 cm?
(a) 64π sq. cm (b) 124π sq. cm (c) 54π sq. cm (d) 68π sq. cm

14. What is the diameter of the largest circle lying on the surface of a sphere of surface area 616 sq. cm?
(a) 14 cm (b) 7 cm (c) 8 cm (d) 21 cm

15. Find the number of lead balls of diameter 2 cm each that can be made from a sphere of diameter 16 cm.
(a) 512 (b) 1024 (c) 2048 (d) 4096

16. A hemispherical bowl has 3.5 cm radius. It is to be painted inside as well as outside. Find the cost of
painting it at the rate of ` 5 per 10 sq. cm.
(a) ` 55 (b) ` 75 (c) ` 77 (d) ` 82

17. If the ratio of the diameter of two spheres is 3 : 5, then what is the ratio of their surface areas?
(a) 9 : 25 (b) 9 : 10 (c) 12 : 35 (d) 23 : 35

18. A metallic sphere of radius 12 cm is melted into three smaller spheres. If the radii of two smaller spheres
are 6 cm and 8 cm, find the radius of the third one.
(a) 8 cm (b) 10 cm (c) 12 cm (d) 14 cm

19. Water flows into a tank 200 m × 150 m through a rectangular pipe 1.5 m × 1.25 m at the rate of 20 kmph.
In what time will the water rise by 2 metres?
(a) 45 min (b) 56 min (c) 85 min (d) 96 min

20. Three solid cubes of sides 1 cm, 6 cm and 8 cm are melted to form a new cube. Find the surface area of
the cube so formed.
(a) 486 sq. cm (b) 682 sq. cm (c) 542 sq. cm (d) 459 sq. cm

21. Two cubes have the volume in the ratio of 1 : 27. Find the ratio of their surface area.
(a) 1 : 9 (b) 2 : 5 (c) 4 : 7 (d) 5 : 9

22. How many iron rods, each of length 7 m and diameter 2 cm can be made out of 0.88 cubic metre of iron?
(a) 200 (b) 400 (c) 600 (d) 800

23. The heights of two right circular cones are in the ratio of 1 : 2 and the perimeters of their bases are in the
ratio 3 : 4. Find the ratio of their volumes.
(a) 9 : 32 (b) 12 : 34 (c) 23 : 34 (d) 4 : 9

24. Find the number of lead balls each of 1 cm in diameter that can be made from a sphere of diameter
12 cm.
(a) 1100 (b) 729 (c) 1728 (d) 3400

25. If the areas of three adjacent faces of a rectangular block are in the ratio of 2 : 3 : 4 and its volume is
9000 cu. cm, then the length of the shortest side is
(a) 10 cm (b) 15 cm (c) 20 cm (d) 25 cm

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 77

26. Three cubes with sides in the ratio of 3 : 4 : 5 are melted to form a single cube whose diagonal is 12 3 cm.
The sides of the cubes in cm will be
(a) 3, 4, 5 (b) 6, 8, 10 (c) 9, 12, 15 (d) 7, 24, 25

27. If the radius of the base of right circular cylinder is halved, keeping the height same, what is the ratio of
the volume of the reduced cylinder to that of the original one?
(a) 1 : 2 (b) 1 : 4 (c) 2 : 3 (d) 3 : 5

28. A hollow garden roller 63 cm wide with a girth of 440 cm is made of iron 4 cm thick. What is the volume
of the iron used in it?
(a) 56412 cu. cm (b) 45672 cu. cm (c) 107712 cu. cm (d) None

29. The curved surface of a right circular cone of height 15 cm and base diameter 16 cm is
(a) 60 π sq. cm (b) 124 π sq. cm (c) 136 π sq. cm (d) 243 π sq. cm

30. The radii of two cones are in the ratio of 2 : 1, their volumes are equal. Find the ratio of their heights.
(a) 1 : 8 (b) 1 : 4 (c) 2 : 4 (d) 4 : 6

31. If the volumes of two cones are in the ratio of 1 : 4 and their diameters are in the ratio of 4 : 5 then the ratio
of their heights is
(a) 25 : 64 (b) 15 : 45 (c) 45 : 81 (d) 49 : 64

32. If the radius of a sphere is increased by 2 cm, then its surface area increases by 352 sq. cm. The radius of
the sphere before the increase was
(a) 3 cm (b) 4 cm (c) 6 cm (d) 8 cm

33. The volume of two spheres are in the ratio of 64 : 27. The ratio of their surface areas is
(a) 1 : 2 (b) 9 : 16 (c) 16 : 9 (d) 4 : 9

34. A sphere and a cube have equal surface area. What is the ratio of volume of the sphere to that of the
cube?
(a) π: 6 (b) 6: π (c) 3: π (d) None

35. The ratio of the volume of a cube to that of the sphere which will fit inside the cube is
(a) 2 : π (b) 4 : π (c) 6 : π (d) 8 : π

36. How many spherical bullets can be made out of a lead cylinder 15 cm high with base radius 3 cm, each
bullet being 5 mm in diameter?
(a) 6000 (b) 6480 (c) 7800 (d) 7280

37. The total surface area of a solid hemisphere of diameter 14 cm is

(a) 308 sq. cm (b) 462 sq. cm (c) 540 sq. cm (d) 624 sq. cm

38. In what ratio are the volume of a cylinder, a cone and a sphere, if each has the same diameter and the
same height?
(a) 3 : 1 : 2 (b) 1 : 2 : 3 (c) 2 : 3 : 4 (d) 3 : 4 : 5

39. A hemisphere and a cone have equal bases. If their heights are also equal, then the ratio of their curved
surfaces will be
(a) 2 : 3 (b) 1 : 2 (c) 2 :1 (d) 2 : 1

78 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

40. A sphere of maximum volume is cut out from a solid hemisphere of radius r. The ratio of the volume of
the hemisphere to that of the cut out sphere is
(a) 1 : 4 (b) 4 : 1 (c) 3 : 4 (d) 7 : 4

41. The shape of a glass is usually in the form of

(a) cone (b) cylinder (c) frustrum (d) sphere

42. A shuttlecock used for playing badminton has the shape of the combination of
(a) a cylinder and a sphere (b) a cone and a sphere
(c) frustrum and a hemisphere (d) cone and a cylinder

43. A solid piece of iron in the form of a cuboid of dimensions 49 cm × 33 cm × 24 cm is moulded to form
a solid sphere. The radius of the sphere is
(a) 14 cm (b) 21 cm (c) 28 cm (d) 24 cm

44. The diameters of the two circular ends of the bucket are 44 cm and 24 cm. The height of the bucket is
35 cm, what is the capacity of the bucket?
(a) 32.7 litres (b) 33.7 litres (c) 34.7 litres (d) 31.7 litres

45. A medicine capsule is in the shape of a cylinder of diameter 0.5 cm with two hemispheres stuck to each
of its ends. The length of the entire capsule is 2 cm. What is the capacity of the capsule?
(a) 0.36 cu. cm (b) 0.35 cu. cm (c) 0.34 cu. cm (d) 0.27 cu. cm

46. The geometrical shape of the gilli, (a gilli-danda game) is

(a) cylinder (b) cylinder with conical ends
(c) sphere (d) a frustrum

47. Twelve solid spheres of same size are made by melting a solid metallic cylinder of base diameter 2 cm and
height 16 cm. Find the radius of each sphere.
(a) 1 cm (b) 2 cm (c) 3 cm (d) 4 cm

48. Find the length of the largest rod that can be put in a room of the shape of a cube of side 10 cm.
(a) 10 cm (b) 10 3 cm (c) 20 cm (d) 10 2 cm

49. The rainwater from a roof 22 m × 20 m drains into a cylindrical vessel having diameter of base 2 m and
height 3.5 m. If the vessel is just full, find the rainfall in cm.
(a) 2 m (b) 2 cm (c) 2.5 cm (d) 2.5 dm

50. The area of three adjacent faces of a cube is x, y and z. If its volume is V then which of the following
relation holds good.
(a) V = xyz (b) V2 = xyz (c) V3 = xyz (d) none of these

51. Fill in the blanks.

(a) Relation between height h of the cone, radius r and slant height l is _______________ .
(b) Total surface area of the hemisphere of radius p units is _______________ .
(c) Every point of the sphere is at an equal distance from the centre and this distance is equal to
_______________ .
(d) Volume of a spherical shell whose external and internal radii are R and r respectively is _____________ .

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 79

 (e) Solids like a book, a tile, a match box, a room etc. are called _______________ .
(f) Dice, ice-cubes, sugar-cubes are the examples of _______________ .
(g) Cricket ball, football, etc. are the examples of _______________ .
(h) When a cone is cut by a plane parallel to the base of the cone then the portion between the plane
and the base is called _______________ of the cone.
(i) Solids like tents, ice-cream cones, funnels are the examples of _______________ .
(j) Jars, circular pipes, gas jars, road rollers etc. are called _______________ .

52. Write True or False against the given statements.

(a) If the radius of the sphere is doubled, the volume is also doubled.
(b) In a cylinder, if the radius is halved and height is doubled, the volume remains unchanged.
πr2
(c) If the largest possible right circular cone is cut from a cube of edge r cm, the volume of cone is .
12

(d) A hemisphere is scooped from a cylinder of radius r and height h, then the total surface area of the
solid left is πr(2h + 3r).

53. Match the following.

Column I Column II
(a) Laternal surface area of cuboid (i) πr2h
(b) Total surface area of hemisphere (ii) 2π(r +R) (h + R – r)
(c) Volume of cylinder (iii) 2h(l + b)
(d) Total surface area of hollow cylinder (iv) 3πr2

80 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

S
Chapter 14

tatistics
Points to Remember
• Mean of n numbers is the sum of all observations divided by n.
• Median of n numbers is the middle number when the numbers are written in order.
 n th term  n th term 
  +  + 1 
 2  2  
(a) If n is even Median =
2
th term
 n+1
(b) If n is odd Median =  
 2 
• Mode of n numbers is the number that occurs most frequently.

Mean of grouped data

Σfi xi
(a) Direct method =
Σfi
Σfi di
(b) Assumed Mean / short cut method = A + where di = xi – A
Σfi
Σfi ui X –A
(c) Step-Deviation method X =
A+ × h where ui = i
Σfi h

Mode of grouped data

f1 – f0
Mode = l + ×h
2 f1 – f0 – f2
Where f1 = frequency of modal class f0 = frequency of class preceeding modal class
h = size of class interval l = lower limit of modal class
f2 = frequency of class succeeding modal class

Median
N
–C
2
Median = l + ×i
f
Where l = lower limit of median class N = Sf
f = frequency of median class C = Cumulative frequency of class preceeding median class
i = length of median class

Emperical Formula
Mode = 3 × Median – 2 × Mean

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 81

 Exercise
1. Which measure of central tendency is given by the x-coordinate of the point of intersection of the more
than ogive and less than ogive?
(a) mean (b) median (c) mode (d) all of the above

2. The class mark of a class interval is

(a) upper limit + lower limit (b) upper limit – lower limit
1 1
(c) (upper limit + lower limit) (d) (upper limit – lower limit)
2 2

3. For a frequency distribution, mean, median and mode are connected by the relation.
(a) mode = 3 mean – 3 median (b) mode = 2 median – 3 mean
(c) mode = 3 median – 2 mean (d) mode = 3 median + 2 mean

4. Construction of cumulative frequency is useful in determining

(a) mean (b) median (c) mode (d) all of the above

5. The mean of n observations is x . If each value is multiplied by “a” then the mean of new values is
(a) x (b) nx (c) x + a (d) ax
6. The mean of 8 observations is 12.5 and the mean of another 7 observations is 5. What is the mean of all
the observations?
(a) 7 (b) 9 (c) 12 (d) 14

7. The mean of the distribution in which the values of x are 1, 2, 3…n; the frequency of each being unity is
n n(n + 1) n
(a) (b) (c) n(n+ 1) (d)
2 2 2
8. The mean of the median of 2, 8, 7, 3, 4, 6, 7 and the mode of 2, 9, 3, 4, 9, 6, 9 is
(a) 6.5 (b) 7.5 (c) 6 (d) 8

9. For the following distribution.

Marks Number of students
Below 10 3
Below 20 12
Below 30 27
Below 40 57
Below 50 75
Below 60 80
Find the median class.
(a) 10 - 20 (b) 20 - 30 (c) 30 - 40 (d) 40 - 50

10. Which of the following is not the measure of central tendency?

(a) mean (b) median (c) mode (d) range

11. Which measure of the central tendency cannot be determined graphically?

(a) mean (b) median (c) mode (d) all of these

82 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

12. The mean and mode of a data are 24 and 12 respectively, find the median.
(a) 15 (b) 20 (c) 25 (d) 30

13. The mean of 5 numbers is 18. If one number is excluded then their mean is 16. Find the excluded number.
(a) 14 (b) 24 (c) 26 (d) 35

14. The mean of 11 observations is 50. If the mean of first six observations is 49 and that of last six observations
is 52, find the 6th observation.
(a) 56 (b) 62 (c) 67 (d) 49

15. Find the mean of the following distribution.

x 12 16 20 24 28 32
f 5 7 8 5 3 2
(a) 18 (b) 20 (c) 22 (d) 24

16. Consider the data.

CIass 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50
Frequency 5 11 8 7
Find the modal class.
(a) 10-20 (b) 20-30 (c) 30-40 (d) 40-50

∑ fd
17. In the formula, =
x A + for finding the mean of the grouped data, d’s are the deviations from A of
∑f
(a) lower limit of the classes (b) upper limit of the classes
(c) mid-point of the classes (d) frequencies of class marks
N
− C
18. To find the median we use the formula: Median = l + 2 × i , here C denotes the
∑f
(a) cumulative frequency of the median class
(b) frequency of the median class
(c) cumulative frequency of the class preceding the median class
(d) frequency of the class preceding the median class

19. What is the mean of the first 6 multiples of 3?

(a) 12 (b) 10.5 (c) 11 (d) 11.5

20. The median can be graphically obtained from

(a) ogive (b) pie-chart (c) histogram (d) frequency polygon

21. The algebraic sum of deviations of all the observations from their mean is
(a) mean (b) zero (c) one (d) sum of all observations

22. The marks obtained by 9 students are 2, 7, 12, 6, 1, 10, 15, 9 and 3. A student who has obtained 8 marks
joins the group. Find the mean marks.
(a) 7 (b) 7.3 (c) 8 (d) 8.4

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 83

23. The abscissa of the point of intersection of the ‘less than type’ and of the ‘more than type’ cumulative
frequency curve of grouped data gives
(a) mode (b)  median       (c)  mean       (d) all of the above

24. What should be the frequency of 30-40 in this case?

Marks obtained Number of students

More than or equal to 0 63
More than or equal to 10 58
More than or equal to 20 55
More than or equal to 30 51
More than or equal to 40 48
More than or equal to 50 42
(a) 51 (b) 48 (c) 4 (d) 3

25. What is the mode if mean and median are 10.5 and 9.6 respectively?
(a) 7 (b) 7.8 (c) 8 (d) 8.4

26. The sum of deviations of a set of values x1 , x2 , ...... , xn measured from 50 is –10 and the sum of deviations
of the values from 46 is 70. Find the value of n.
(a) 0 (b) 10 (c) 20 (d) 24

27. The modal class of the grouped size frequency table given below is

CIass 5 - 5.2 5.2 - 5.4 5.4 - 5.6 5.6 - 5.8 5.8 - 6.0
Frequency 34 14 24 4 12
(a) 5 - 5.2 (b) 5.2 - 5.4 (c) 5.4 - 5.6 (d) 5.8 - 6.0

28. While computing mean of grouped data, we assume that the frequencies are
(a) centered at the upper limits of the classes (b) centered at the lower limits of the classes
(c) centered at the class marks of the classes (d) evenly distributed over all the classes

29. What is the mean of first 12 prime numbers?

(a) 14 (b) 14.4 (c) 16.4 (d) 20

30. What is the median of first 10 natural numbers?

(a) 4 (b) 5.5 (c) 3 (d) 5

31. What is the class mark of the class 19.5 – 29.5?

(a) 24 (b) 26 (c) 24.5 (d) 30

32. Anand says that the median of 3, 14, 19, 20, 11 is 19. What doesn’t the Anand understand about finding
the median?
(a) The data set should be in ascending order (b) Highest number in the data set is the median
(c) Average of lowest and highest is the median (d) None of these
33. The following observations are arranged in ascending order: 20, 23, 42, 53, x, x + 2, 70, 75, 82, 96. If the
median is 63, find the value of x.
(a) 60 (b) 62 (c) 64 (d) 65

84 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

34. The mean of 20 observations was 60. It was detected on rechecking that the value of 125 was wrongly
copied as 25 for computation of mean. Find the correct mean.
(a) 56 (b) 62 (c) 65 (d) 67

35. For a given data with 110 observations the ‘less than ogive’ and the ‘more than ogive’ intersect at (18, 20).
The median of the data is
(a) 18 (b) 20 (c) 24 (d) 26

36. The mean of five numbers is 40. If one number is excluded, their mean becomes 28. The excluded
number is
(a) 84 (b) 88 (c) 90 (d) 92

37. The median of the observations 11, 12, 14 ,18, x + 2, x + 4, 30, 32, 35, 41 arranged in ascending order is
24. Find the value of x.
(a) 21 (b) 24 (c) 18 (d) 20

38. Find the median of the following data: 19, 25, 59, 48, 35, 31, 30, 32, 51. If 25 is replaced by 52 and 19 by
29, what will be the new median?
(a) 32 (b) 35 (c) 45 (d) 49
n2
39. If the mean of n odd natural numbers is then find n.
81
(a) 48 (b) 67 (c) 81 (d) 78

40. If the mean of 7, 8, x, 11, 14 is x then what is the value of x?

(a) 9 (b) 10 (c) 12 (d) 14
xi − 25
41. If ui = , ∑ fi ui = 20, ∑ fi = 100 then find the value of .
10
(a) 25 (b) 27 (c) 29 (d) 31

42. If ∑ fi = 15, ∑ fx
i i = 3p + 36 and mean of the distribution is 3 then find p.
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5

43. If the value of mean and mode are respectively 30 and 15, then median is
(a) 24 (b) 25 (c) 26 (d) 28

44. The wickets taken by a bowler in 10 cricket matches are as follows: 2, 6, 4, 5, 0, 2, 1, 3, 2, 3. Find the mode
of the data.
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5

45. If  x i 's are the mid-points of the class intervals of grouped data,  fi 's are the corresponding frequency and 
x is the mean, then ∑ fx( )
i i − x  is equal to

(a) 0 (b) –1 (c) 2 (d) –2

46. The numbers 5, 7, 10, 12, 2x – 8, 2x + 10, 35, 41, 42, 50 are arranged in ascending order. If their median is
25, then x = ?
(a) 8 (b) 10 (c) 12 (d) 15

47. If the mode of 12, 16, 19, 16, x, 12, 16, 19, 12 is 16 then the value of x is
(a) 12 (b) 15 (c) 16 (d) 17

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 85

48. The mean of 10 numbers is 15 and that of another 20 numbers is 24 then the mean of all 30 observations
is
(a) 20 (b) 15 (c) 14 (d) 21

49. For the following distribution:

Class 0-5 5 - 10 10 - 15 15 - 20 20 - 25
Frequency 10 15 12 20 9
The sum of lower limits of median class and the modal class is
(a) 15 (b) 25 (c) 30 (d) 35
50. Weights of 40 eggs were recorded as given below:

Weight in gm 85 - 89 90 - 94 95 - 99 100 - 104 105 - 109

Number of eggs 10 9 15 4 2
Find the lower limit of the modal class.
(a) 85 (b) 90 (c) 95 (d) 105

51. Match the following.

Column I Column II

(a) i) Mode

where di = xi – A

(b) ii) Assumed Mean method

(c) 3 × Median – 2 × Mean iii) Median

52. State True or False against each statement.

a) If mean and median of a set of members are 8.9 and 9 respectively, then its mode is 9.2.
b) The mean is given by x-coordinate of the point of intersection of the ‘more than ogive’ and ‘less
than ogive’.

86 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

P
Chapter 15

robability
Points to Remember

Number of out comes favourable to E n(E)

P (E) = =
Total number of trials n( S)

Complementary events and Probability

If E is an event then E’ is ‘not E’
P(E) + P(E’) = 1
⇒ P(E’) = 1 – P(E)
⇒ O ≤ P(E) ≤ 1
• The probability of an event which is impossible to occur is 0, such an event is called impossible event.
• The probability of an event which is sure to occur is 1, such an event is called a sure event.

Deck of Cards
A pack of cards consists of 52 cards which are divided into 4 suits of 13 cards each.
They are black spades ( ), red hearts ( ) red diamonds ( ) and black clubs ( )
The cards in each suit are - Ace, king, queen, jack 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3 and 2.
Kings, Queens and Jacks are called face cards.

Exercise
1. On rolling a die, how many outcomes we may have?
(a) 3 (b) 6 (c) 7 (d) 9

2. Tossing 2 coins together the outcomes are

(a) (H, T) (b) (H, H), (T, T ) (c) (T, H) (d) All of these

3. Which of the following is not a suit of a deck of playing cards?

(a) Diamond (b) Club (c) Hearts (d) Wine

4. The probability of any event can’t be greater than

1 3
(a) (b) (c) 0 (d) 1
2 4

5. If P(E) = 0, it will be a
(a) random event (b) sure event (c) impossible event (d) scheduled event

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 87

6. If a coin is tossed once, what will be the probability of getting a HEAD.
1 3
(a) 0 (b) (c) 1 (d)
2 4

7. What is the probability of getting a joker in a well shuffled deck of 52 playing cards?
2 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d) 0
52 52 2

8. What is the probability of getting a queen in a well shuffled deck of playing cards?
1 1 1 4
(a) (b) (c) (d)
52 13 26 13

9. What is the probability of getting a prime number by rolling a fair die once?
5 3 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
6 4 4

10. What is the probability of getting a perfect number by rolling a fair die once?
1 2
(a) (b) (c) 1 (d) 0
6 6

11. What is the probability of getting a perfect square number by rolling a fair die once?
2 1 1
(a) 1 (b) or (c) 0 (d)
6 3 2

12. One card is drawn from a well shuffled deck of 52 cards. What is the probability of getting a face card.
1 4 1 3
(a) (b) (c) (d)
13 13 52 13

13. Which of the following is not a face card?

(a) Ace (b) King (c) Queen (d) Jack

14. One card is drawn from a well shuffled deck of 52 cards. What is the probability of getting a 7 number card?
4 1 4
(a) (b) (c) (d) 1
13 13 26
15. One card is drawn from a well shuffled deck of 52 cards. What is the probability of getting a red card?
1 1
(a) (b) 1 (c) (d) 0
4 2
16. One card is drawn from a well shuffled deck of 52 cards. What is the probability of getting a queen of
heart card?
1 5 1
(a) (b) (c) (d) 1
13 52 26
17. A bag contains 5 balls of green colour, 7 balls of red colour and 13 balls of yellow colour. A ball is randomly
picked up from the bag. Find the probability of getting a ball of red colour.
13 7 10 20
(a) (b) (c) (d)
20 25 25 25
3
18. If the probability of the occurrence of an event be , what will be the probability of non-occurrence of
7
the same event?
1 2 4 5
(a) (b) (c) (d)
7 7 7 7

88 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

19. One card is drawn from a well shuffled deck of 52 cards. What is the probability of getting a king?
1 2 10
(a) (b) (c) (d) None of the above
13 52 52
20. One card is drawn from a well shuffled deck of 52 cards. What is the probability of getting a non-face
card?
48 10 16 54
(a) (b) (c) (d)
52 13 52 52
21. Which of the following number can’t be the probability of any event?
2 3 8
(a) (b) (c) (d) 0
3 4 7
22. There are 100 cards on which the numbers from 1 to 100 are printed. Find the probability of getting ZERO
if any one card is drawn after fairly reshuffling them.
1 2 11
(a) (b) (c) (d) None of the above
100 100 100
23. In tossing two coins together what is the probability of getting 2 heads?
1 1 3
(a) (b) (c) (d) 1
2 4 4
24. In tossing two coins together, find the probability of getting at least 1 tail.
1 3 1
(a) 1 (b) (c) (d)
2 4 4
25. In a well shuffled deck of 52 cards what is the probability of getting a RED card if one card is drawn
randomly?
1 1 2 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 13 13 4
26. In a throw of a pair of dice, what is the probability of getting a doublet?
1 5 1 14
(a) (b) (c) (d)
4 6 6 36
27. One card is drawn from a well shuffled deck of 52 cards. What is the probability of getting a queen or a
black card?
1 7 24 4
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 13 26 52
28. One card is drawn from a well shuffled deck of 52 cards. What is the probability of getting neither queen
nor a king?
11 10 15
(a) (b) (c) (d) None of the above
13 13 26
29. A bag contains 6 red balls and 14 white balls. Find the probability of getting 1 white ball if randomly a ball
is chosen.
3 7 13 7
(a) (b) (c) (d)
10 10 20 20
30. In a wheel of fortune there are 1 to 10 numbers printed on it. I win if I get any perfect square number. Find
the probability of my victory.
7 3 1 9
(a) (b) (c) (d)
10 10 10 10

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 89

31. Find the probability of getting the smallest positive integer.
1
(a) 1 (b) (c) 0 (d) None of the these
2

32. Find the probability of getting the biggest natural number.

1
(a) 1 (b) (c) 0 (d) None of the these
2

33. In a class there are 20 girls and 15 boys. Find the probability of getting a boy if a student be randomly
selected.
3 4 15 5
(a) (b) (c) (d)
7 7 20 15

34. The probability of a sure event is

1 3 1
(a) (b) (c) (d) 1
2 4 1000

35. The probability of an impossible event is

1 3 1
(a) (b) (c) (d) 0
2 4 1000
1 3
36. If the probability of an event A be and that of event B be , then both the events A and B are called
4 4
(a) Sure events (b) Impossible events
(c) Complementary events (d) Supplementary events

37. A die is thrown once, what is the probability of getting a perfect cube number?
1 1 1
(a) (b) (c) 1 (d)
2 4 6

38. A die is thrown once, what is the probability of getting a composite number?
1 1 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 3 4 6

39. If a pair of dice be thrown, what is the probability of getting a sum greater than 10 of numbers appearing
on both dice.
5 1 4 10
(a) (b) (c) (d)
36 12 36 30

40. A coin has ……. faces.

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 0 (d) 3

41. How many suits are there in a deck of playing cards?

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

42. How many faces does a die have?

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 4 (d) 6

43. P(E) indicates

(a) Total outcome (b) Favourable outcome
(c) Probability of occurrence of favourable events (d) None of the above

90 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

44. Getting a number less than 7 is a
(a) Sure event (b) Random event (c) Impossible event (d) Complementary event

45. If 3 coins be tossed once together, find the probability of getting all HEADS.
1 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d) 1
2 4 8

46. Which of the following can’t be the probability of an event?

1 17
(a) (b) 38% (c) 0.1 (d)
3 15

47. If the probability of an event is p then the probability of its complementary event will be
(a) p – 1 (b) p (c) 1 – p (d) 2p

48. Find the probability that the month of June has 5 Mondays in a leap year?
1 2 4 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
7 7 7 2

49. If a number x is selected at random from the numbers –3, –2, –1, 0, 1, 2, 3. What is the probability that
x2 < 4?
3 1 2 4
(a) (b) (c) (d)
7 7 7 7

50. The probability of happening of an event A is P(A). Which of the following is true?
(a) 0 < P (A) < 1 (b) 0 < P(A) ≤ 1 (c) 0 ≤ P (A) < 1 (d) 0 ≤ P(A) ≤ 1

51. Two dice are thrown simultaneously. Find the probability of getting the sum as multiples of 7.
2 1 3 21
(a) (b) (c) (d)
7 6 6 36

52. If the probability of happening of an event A is p and the probability of not happening of that is q, then
find the relationship between p and q.
1
(a) p + q – 1 = 0 (b) pq = 1 (c) p + q = 0 (d) p =
q

53. A dice has 6 faces marked with 0, 1, 1, 1, 6 and 6. Two such dice are thrown together and the total score
is recorded. How many different scores recorded are possible?
(a) 5 (b) 4 (c) 3 (d) 2

54. A card is accidentally dropped from a pack of 52 playing cards. What is the probability that it is an ace?
1 1 2 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
4 13 7 6

55. From the letters of the word MOBILE, a letter is selected. What is the probability that the selected letter is
a vowel?
1 1 1 2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 3 4 5

56. A box contains 90 discs, numbered 1 to 90. If one disc is drawn at random from the box, the probability
that it bears a prime number less than 23 is
7 10 4 9
(a) (b) (c) (d)
90 90 45 69

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 91

57. Two numbers “a” and “b” are selected successively without replacement in that order from the integers
a
1 to 10. The probability that is an integer is
b
17 1 17 8
(a) (b) (c) (d)
45 5 90 45

58. In a family of 3 children, the probability of having at least one boy is

7 1 5 3
(a) (b) (c) (d)
8 8 8 4

59. A child has a block in the shape of a cube with one letter written on each face as shown.

D C

E F
B
A

The cube is thrown once. What is the probability of getting A?

1 2 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
6 5 3 4

60. A jar contains 54 marbles each of which is blue, green or white. The probability of selecting a blue marble
1 4
at random from the jar is and the probability of selecting a green marble at random is . What is
3 9
probability of white marbles that the jar contains?
4 5 2 5
(a) (b) (c) (d)
27 27 9 18

61. Complete the statements.

(a) Probability of an event E + Probability of event ‘not E’ = ...............
(b) The probability of an event that cannot happen is ............... . Such an event is called ............... .
(c) The probability of an event that is certain to happen is .............. . Such an event is called ............... .
(d) The sum of probablities of all the elementary events of an experiment is ............... .
(e) The probability of an event is greater than or equal to ............... and less than are equal to ............... .

92 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

 ANSWER KEY

1. Real Numbers
1. (c) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (b) 5. (c) 6. (d) 7. (c)
8. (b) 9. (c) 10. (c) 11. (d) 12. (c) 13. (a) 14. (a)
15. (a) 16. (c) 17. (c) 18. (d) 19. (b) 20. (a) 21. (d)
22. (c) 23. (b) 24. (c) 25. (b) 26. (a) 27. (c) 28. (b)
29. (b) 30. (a) 31. (a) 32. (d) 33. (c) 34. (d) 35. (a)
36. (c) 37. (a) 38. (d) 39. (b) 40. (c) 41. (d) 42. (a)
43. (b) 44. (c) 45. (a) 46. (c) 47. (b) 48. (a) 49. (d)
50. (c)
51. (a) False (b) False (c) True (d) True (e) False (f) True
52. An odd integer 53. Composite 54. 4 55. 2520 56. 45

2. Polynomials
1. (a) constant (b) linear (c) quadratic (d) cubic
(e) bi-quadratic (f) 2 (g) 3 (h) parabola
(i) at most (j) x – α
2. (d) 3. (a) 4. (b) 5. (a) 6. (c) 7. (c) 8. (a)
9. (c) 10. (b) 11. (a) 12. (a) 13. (b) 14. (a) 15. (d)
16. (b) 17. (a) 18. (a) 19. (b) 20. (b) 21. (b) 22. (b)
23. (c) 24. (d) 25. (c) 26. (b) 27. (b) 28. (b) 29. (c)
30. (a) 31. (a) 32. (b) 33. (a) 34. (b) 35. (a) 36. (a)
37. (a) 38. (b) 39. (b) 40. (a) 41. (c) 42. (b) 43. (d)
44. (b) 45. (c) 46. (d) 47. (c) 48. (b) 49. (b) 50. (a)
51. (a) True (b) False (c) False (d) False (e) True
52. 0 53. k = 0, 5 54. 0 55. k = 8 56. –1

3. Linear Equations in Two Variables

a1 b a1 b1 c1
1. (a) one (b) no (c) ≠ 1 (d) = =
a2 b2 a2 b2 c2
a1 b1 c
(e) = ≠ 1 (f) intersecting (g) parallel
a2 b2 c2
2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (b) 5. (b) 6. (a) 7. (c) 8. (d)
9. (b) 10. (c) 11. (c) 12. (a) 13. (c) 14. (d) 15. (d)
16. (b) 17. (c) 18. (a) 19. (c) 20. (c) 21. (c) 22. (a)
23. (c) 24. (a) 25. (b) 26. (b) 27. (a) 28. (b) 29. (a)
30. (c) 31. (a) 32. (c) 33. (b) 34. (a) 35. (d) 36. (c)
37. (c) 38. (c) 39. (a) 40. (a) 41. (d) 42. (c) 43. (c)
44. (c) 45. (b) 46. (c) 47. (a) 48. (a) 49. (b) 50. (a)
51. (a) True (b) False (c) True (d) True
52. (a) - (iii) (b) - (ii) (c) - (i)
53. –1 54. Parallel 55. 4x + 10y = 8 56. (0, –8)

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 93

4. Quadratic Equations
1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (b) 5. (c) 6. (c) 7. (a)
8. (b) 9. (c) 10. (c) 11. (a) 12. (b) 13. (a) 14. (a)
15. (c) 16. (b) 17. (a) 18. (d) 19. (c) 20. (c) 21. (c)
22. (a) 23. (a) 24. (b) 25. (a) 26. (c) 27. (a) 28. (a)
29. (a) 30. (c) 31. (c) 32. (b) 33. (a) 34. (b) 35. (b)
36. (a) 37. (c) 38. (b) 39. (b) 40. (a) 41. (b) 42. (c)
43. (b) 44. (c) 45. (a) 46. (c) 47. (d) 48. (c) 49. (c)
50. (b) 51. (a) True (b) False (c) True (d) False
52. (a) - (iii) (b) - (iv) (c) - (i) (d) - (ii)

53. Yes 54. x2 + 2x – 1848 = 0 55. No 56. c = 57. ( ±7 )

5. Arithmetic Progressions
1. (a) 2. (b) 3. (b) 4. (c) 5. (d) 6. (a) 7. (c)
8. (a) 9. (b) 10. (b) 11. (d) 12. (b) 13. (c) 14. (a)
15. (c) 16. (d) 17. (c) 18. (a) 19. (c) 20. (d) 21. (c)
22. (c) 23. (c) 24. (c) 25. (a) 26. (b) 27. (b) 28. (b)
29. (b) 30. (c) 31. (c) 32. (c) 33. (c) 34. (a) 35. (a)
36. (c) 37. (d) 38. (b) 39. (c) 40. (a) 41. (b) 42. (b)
43. (d) 44. (a) 45. (c) 46. (a) 47. (b) 48. (c) 49. (b)
50. (d)

6. Triangles
1. (a) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (c) 5. (c) 6. (b) 7. (a)
8. (c) 9. (c) 10. (b) 11. (d) 12. (c) 13. (b) 14. (b)
15. (c) 16. (b) 17. (a) 18. (b) 19. (b) 20. (b) 21. (b)
22. (b) 23. (b) 24. (b) 25. (b) 26. (b) 27. (b) 28. (b)
29. (d) 30. (b) 31. (b) 32. (c) 33. (a) 34. (c) 35. (b)
36. (b) 37. (b) 38. (c) 39. (d) 40. (b) 41. (d) 42. (b)
43. (b) 44. (b) 45. (a) 46. (b) 47. (c) 48. (b) 49. (b)
50. (c) 51. (a) - (iii) (b) - (ii) (c) - (i) 52. (a) - (ii) (b) - (iii) (c) - (i)
53. (a) True (b) True (c) False (d) True (e) True

7. Coordinate Geometry
1. (c) 2. (c) 3. (a) 4. (c) 5. (d) 6. (a) 7. (a)
8. (b) 9. (a) 10. (b) 11. (b) 12. (c) 13. (a) 14. (b)
15. (c) 16. (c) 17. (b) 18. (d) 19. (b) 20. (c) 21. (b)
22. (a) 23. (b) 24. (b) 25. (b) 26. (c) 27. (a) 28. (b)
29. (d) 30. (d) 31. (c) 32. (b) 33. (d) 34. (b) 35. (c)
36. (a) 37. (a) 38. (c) 39. (d) 40. (b) 41. (b) 42. (c)
43. (b) 44. (c) 45. (a) 46. (b) 47. (c) 48. (c) 49. (a)
50. (a) False (b) True (c) False (d) True

94 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)

8. Introduction to Trigonometry
1. (c) 2. (b) 3. (b) 4. (b) 5. (a) 6. (b) 7. (c)
8. (a) 9. (c) 10. (c) 11. (a) 12. (c) 13. (c) 14. (b)
15. (b) 16. (c) 17. (c) 18. (b) 19. (b) 20. (a) 21. (b)
22. (a) 23. (c) 24. (c) 25. (b) 26. (a) 27. (c) 28. (c)
29. (c) 30. (c) 31. (b) 32. (d) 33. (c) 34. (b) 35. (a)
36. (b) 37. (b) 38. (c) 39. (c) 40. (b) 41. (b) 42. (c)
43. (a) 44. (b) 45. (c) 46. (b) 47. (d) 48. (b) 49. (a)
50. (d)
51. (a) False (b) True (c) False (d) False (e) False (f) True
52. (a) cos2 A (b) tan2 A (c) 1 (d) tan b (e) 1

9. Applications of Trigonometry
1. (b) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (c) 5. (a) 6. (a) 7. (d)
8. (b) 9. (b) 10. (a) 11. (d) 12. (b) 13. (a) 14. (b)
15. (a) 16. (c) 17. (b) 18. (d) 19. (c) 20. (a) 21. (c)
22. (a) 23. (a) 24. (c) 25. (a) 26. (c) 27. (a) 28. (b)
29. (b) 30. (b) 31. (b) 32. (c) 33. (b) 34. (c) 35. (b)
36. (a) 37. (b) 38. (c) 39. (b) 40. (b)

10. Circles
1. (a) 2. (d) 3. (c) 4. (a) 5. (c) 6. (b) 7. (b)
8. (c) 9. (c) 10. (b) 11. (b) 12. (d) 13. (c) 14. (c)
15. (b) 16. (a) 17. (b) 18. (b) 19. (a) 20. (b) 21. (d)
22. (a) 23. (a) 24. (b) 25. (a) 26. (c) 27. (c) 28. (b)
29. (b) 30. (b) 31. (c) 32. (c) 33. (c) 34. (b) 35. (c)
36. (c) 37. (b) 38. (c) 39. (c) 40. (c) 41. (b) 42. (b)
43. (c) 44. (c) 45. (c) 46. (b) 47. (b) 48. (a) 49. (c)
50. (b)
51. (a) False (b) False (c) True (d) True (e) True (f) True (g) True
(h) False (i) True (j) True (k) True (l) False (m) False
52. (a) Secant (b) point of contact (c) only one (d) incircle

11. Constructions
1. (a) 2. (c) 3. (b) 4. (a) 5. (b) 6. (c) 7. (c)
8. (c) 9. (b) 10. (a) 11. (a) 12. (a) 13. (b) 14. (a)
15. (a) 16. (b) 17. (a) 18. (c) 19. (b) 20. (b) 21. (b)
22. (d) 23. (b) 24. (c) 25. (a)

12. Areas Related to Circles

1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (b) 4. (a) 5. (b) 6. (c) 7. (b)
8. (b) 9. (c) 10. (b) 11. (d) 12. (c) 13. (b) 14. (c)
15. (a) 16. (c) 17. (c) 18. (a) 19. (a) 20. (c) 21. (b)

Objective Mathematics (Class 10) 95

22. (a) 23. (c) 24. (c) 25. (a) 26. (a) 27. (a) 28. (b)
29. (c) 30. (a) 31. (b) 32. (a) 33. (c) 34. (c) 35. (c)
36. (a) 37. (b) 38. (c) 39. (a) 40. (b) 41. (d) 42. (b)
43. (b) 44. (b) 45. (b) 46. (c) 47. (b) 48. (b) 49. (c)
50. (c)
51. (a) - (iii) (b) - (vii) (c) - (iv) (d) - (ii) (e) - (vi) (f) - (v) (g) - (i)

13. Surface Areas and Volumes

1. (a) 2. (c) 3. (d) 4. (a) 5. (b) 6. (c) 7. (a)
8. (a) 9. (a) 10. (c) 11. (b) 12. (c) 13. (a) 14. (b)
15. (a) 16. (c) 17. (a) 18. (b) 19. (d) 20. (a) 21. (a)
22. (b) 23. (a) 24. (c) 25. (b) 26. (b) 27. (b) 28. (c)
29. (c) 30. (b) 31. (a) 32. (c) 33. (c) 34. (b) 35. (c)
36. (b) 37. (b) 38. (a) 39. (c) 40. (b) 41. (c) 42. (c)
43. (b) 44. (a) 45. (a) 46. (b) 47. (a) 48. (b) 49. (c)
50. (b)
4
51. (a) l2 = r2 + h2 (b) 3πr2 (c) radius of sphere (d) π ( R3 − r 3 )
3
52. (a) False (b) False (c) True (d) True (e) cuboid (f) cube (g) sphere
(h) frustrum (i) cones (j) cylinder
54. (a) - (iii) (b) - (iv) (c) - (i) (d) - (ii)

14. Statistics
1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (b) 5. (d) 6. (b) 7. (b)
8. (b) 9. (c) 10. (d) 11. (a) 12. (b) 13. (c) 14. (a)
15. (b) 16. (b) 17. (c) 18. (d) 19. (b) 20. (a) 21. (b)
22. (b) 23. (b) 24. (c) 25. (b) 26. (c) 27. (a) 28. (c)
29. (c) 30. (b) 31. (c) 32. (a) 33. (b) 34. (c) 35. (a)
36. (b) 37. (a) 38. (b) 39. (c) 40. (b) 41. (b) 42. (b)
43. (b) 44. (a) 45. (a) 46. (c) 47. (c) 48. (d) 49. (b)
50. (c)
51. (a) - (ii) (b) - (iii) (c) - (i)
52. (a) True (b) False

15. Probability
1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (d) 4. (d) 5. (c) 6. (b) 7. (b)
8. (b) 9. (b) 10. (a) 11. (b) 12. (d) 13. (a) 14. (b)
15. (c) 16. (a) 17. (b) 18. (c) 19. (a) 20. (b) 21. (c)
22. (d) 23. (b) 24. (c) 25. (a) 26. (c) 27. (b) 28. (a)
29. (b) 30. (b) 31. (d) 32. (d) 33. (a) 34. (d) 35. (d)
36. (c) 37. (d) 38. (b) 39. (b) 40. (b) 41. (d) 42. (d)
43. (c) 44. (b) 45. (c) 46. (d) 47. (c) 48. (b) 49. (a)
50. (d) 51. (b) 52. (a) 53. (a) 54. (b) 55. (a) 56. (c)
57. (c) 58. (a) 59. (c) 60. (c)
61. (a) 1 (b) 0, Impossible event (c) 1, Sure event (d) 1 (e) 0, 1

96 Objective Mathematics (Class 10)