 Ellipse: both x2 and y2 appear, and their coefficients A and B have the same sign  The degenerate case

e case of a parabola is a line. The resulting equation is

and are unequal Dx + Ey + F = 0.
Example 3. 0 x 2+ 0 y 2−4 x +2 y +8=0
Examples: x2 +4y2 -2x - 24y + 33 = 0 (horizontal major axis)
The result is y=2 x−4
9x2 + 4y2 + 36x - 24y +36 = 0 (vertical major axis)
If A = B, we will classify the conic as a circle, instead of an ellipse.

 Hyperbola: both x2 and y2 appear, and their coefficients A and B have different  The degenerate case of a hyperbola is two intersecting
E
lines.  The equation
signs ( x−h )2 ( y−k )2
formed is − =0 .
a2 b2
Examples: 5x2 - 3y2 - 20x - 18y - 22 = 0 (horizontal transverse axis)
-4x2 + y2 + 24x + 4y - 36 = 0 (vertical transverse axis) Example 4
16 x 2−9 y 2−96 x +18 y +135=0
Degenerate Conics 16 x 2−96 x−9 y 2 +18 y=−135
 The degenerate case of a circle or an ellipse is a point or an empty set.
16(x ¿¿ 2−6 x )−9 ( y 2−2 y)=−135 ¿
( x−h )2 ( y−k )2 16(x ¿¿ 2−6 x +9)−9( y 2−2 y +1)=−135+144−9 ¿
If the equation formed is + =0, then the result is a point.
a2 b2 16(x −3)2 −9( y −1¿¿¿ 2)=0
Example 1
( x−3 )2 ( y −1 )2
4 x2 +9 y 2−16 x +18 y +25=0 − =0
32 42
4 x2 −16 x+ 9 y 2 +18 y=−25
Empty set The results is an intersecting lines.
4 ( x ¿¿ 2−4 x)+9 ( y 2+ 2 y )=−25 ¿
4 ( x ¿¿ 2−4 x+ 4)+9 ( y 2+ 2 y +1)=−25+16 +9 ¿ ( y−1 )2 ( x−3 )2
4 ( x−2)2 +9( y +1 ¿¿¿ 2)=0 =
42 32
( x−2 )2 ( y +1 )2 By getting the square root, and solve for y, then we have
+ =0
32 22 4
y=± ( x−3 ) +1
Point (2, -1) is the result of the generate conic. 3

Example 2
3 x 2+5 y 2−6 x −20 y+ 25=0
3 x 2−6 x+ 5 y 2 −20 y=−25
3(x ¿¿ 2−2 x)+5 ( y 2−4 y)=−25 ¿
3(x ¿¿ 2−2 x +1)+5( y 2−4 y+ 4)=−25+3+20 ¿
3(x−1)2 +5 ( y−2 ¿¿¿ 2 )=−2
( x−1 )2 ( y−2 )2 −2
+ =
5 3 15
Degenerate case: Empty set 2
3

GRADE 10 MATHEMATICS TEACHERS

Activity 1. Grouping Conics. The graphs of the following equations are non-degenerate
conics. Group together equations of circle, ellipse, parabola or hyperbola.

2 2 x2 y 2 ( x+1 )2 ( y+ 1 )2
5x - 3y +10x - 12y = 22 − =1 − =1
4 1 32 42

2y2 - 5x - 12y = 17 ( x−2 )2 + ( y−1 )2=25 5y2 +2x - 30y = -49 Pre-Calculus
2 2 2 2 ( y−6 )2 ( x−3 )2
7x +3y - 14x +12y = -14 x + y =1 − =1
4 12

( y−3 )2 ( x−5 )2 2
5x2 +7y2 - 40x - 28y = -73 + =1 y= ( x −2 ) +1
4 16

Parabola Circle Ellipse Hyperbola

Week # 5 Inclusive Dates: ______________ Quarter: ___Quarter I Score: _______
Competencies: 1. recognize the equation and important characteristics of the
different types of conic sections. (STEM_PC11AG-Ie- 1).
2. solves situational problems involving conic sections
(STEM_PC11AG-Ie- 2

Mathematical Ideas
The general form of the equations of conic sections is
A x 2+ B y 2 + Dx+ Ey + F=0.
Take note of the following conditions in identifying conic sections:
Activity 2. Describe Me. The graphs of the following equations of degenerate and non-  Circle: both x2 and y2 appear, and their coefficients are the same
degenerate conics. What are the specific graphs? A x 2+ A y 2+ Dx+ Ey+ F=0 .
Example: 3 x 2+3 y 2 + 42 x−12 y +147=0
1. x 2+ y 2−4 x +2 y +5=0 _____________________
2. 9 x 2+ 4 y 2 +36 x−2 4 y+ 36=0 _____________________  Parabola: exactly one of x2 or y2 appears
2 2
3. 4 x +9 y −16 x +18 y +61=0 _____________________ Ax2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0 (E ≠ 0, opens upward or downward)
4. 0 x 2+ 0 y 2−4 x +2 y +5=0 _____________________ By2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0 (D ≠ 0, opens to the right or left)
2 2
5. x −9 y −6 x−54 y−72=0 _____________________ Examples: 3x2 - 12x + 2y +26 = 0 (opens downward)
6. −x 2+ 10 x + y−21=0 _____________________ - 2y2 + 3x +12y - 15 = 0 (opens to the right)
2 2
7. x + y −4 x −6 y +4=0 _____________________
1
8. x 2− y 2−2 x−8=0 _____________________ 4

GRADE 10 MATHEMATICS TEACHERS