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Pointers To Review in Pre Cal

This document provides an overview of key concepts in pre-calculus including conic sections, circles, ellipses, parabolas, and hyperbolas. It defines conic sections as the intersection of a plane and a circular cone. It distinguishes between degenerate and non-degenerate conic sections. Non-degenerate sections include parabolas, ellipses, and hyperbolas which can be characterized by the number of generators parallel to the cutting plane. Specific properties are outlined for each type of conic section, such as the definition of an ellipse as all points whose distance sum to two foci is constant, and the definition of a hyperbola as all points where the difference between two fixed distances is

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Kristine Valerie Upod
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323 views3 pages

Pointers To Review in Pre Cal

This document provides an overview of key concepts in pre-calculus including conic sections, circles, ellipses, parabolas, and hyperbolas. It defines conic sections as the intersection of a plane and a circular cone. It distinguishes between degenerate and non-degenerate conic sections. Non-degenerate sections include parabolas, ellipses, and hyperbolas which can be characterized by the number of generators parallel to the cutting plane. Specific properties are outlined for each type of conic section, such as the definition of an ellipse as all points whose distance sum to two foci is constant, and the definition of a hyperbola as all points where the difference between two fixed distances is

Uploaded by

Kristine Valerie Upod
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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POINTERS TO REVIEW IN PRE CAL

LESSON 1: CONIC SECTIONS

A conic section is the intersection of a plane and a right circular cone with two nappes.

A line lying entirely on the cone, and all generator of the cone, and all generators of a cone pass through
its vertex, which is the only point where the two nappes intersect.

2 types of conics: Degenerate conic and non-degenerate conic

Degenerate- either a point, a circle, a line or two intersecting lines.

Non- degenerate conic- either a parabola, an ellipse or a hyperbola. It can be characterized by the
number of degerators which is parallel to a cutting plane.

CIRCLE:

* A circle is the set of points in a plane that are equidistant from a given point. The distance from the
center is called the radius, and the point is called the center. Twice the radius is known as the diameter.

* The three types of conic sections are the hyperbola, parabola, and the ellipse.

LESSON 3: ELLIPSE

* An ellipse is the set of all points (x,y) in a plane such that the sum of their distances from two fixed
points is a constant. Each fixed points is called focus (plural: foci) of the ellipse.

*Longer axis- major axis

* Shorter axis- minor axis

* Each endpoints of the major axis is the vertex of the ellipse (plural: vertices), and each endpoint of the
minor axis is a co-vertex of the ellipse. The center of an ellipse is the midpoint of both the major and the
minor axes. The axes are perpendicular at the center. The foci always lie on the major axis, and the sum
of the distances from the foci to any point on the ellipse (the constant sum) is greater than the distance
between the foci.
LESSON 5: PARABOLA

*If the plane is parallel to the edge of the cone, an unbounded curve is formed. This curve is a parabola

* A parabola is the set of all points (x, y) in a plane that are the same distance from a fixed line, called
the directrix, and a fixed point called (the focus).

*The line segment that passes through the focus and is parallel to the directrix is called the latus rectum,
also called the focal diameter. The length of the latus rectum is equal to 4p

LESSON 8: HYPERBOLA

* A hyperbola is the set of all points in plane, the difference of whose distances from two fixed points in
the plane is a constant.

* A hyperbola is a curve where the distance of any point from:

- a fixed point (the focus), and a fixed straight line (the directrix) are always in the same ratio.

* The two fixed points are called the foci of the hyperbola.

* The mid-point of the line segment joining the foci is called the centre of the hyperbola.

* The line through the foci is called the transverse axis and the line through the centre and
perpendicular to the transverse axis is called the conjugate axis.

* The point at which the hyperbola intersects the transverse axis are called the vertices of the
hyperbola.

* The asymptotes are not part of the hyperbola, but show where the curve would go if continued
indefinitely in each of the four directions.

* The axis is determined by the first term not by which denominator is the largest. If the x term is the
positive it will be horizontal, if the y term is the positive term it will be vertical.

*Principal axis is called major axis in ellipse

* Principal axis is called x axis in parabola

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