REPORTED SPEECH

I. STATEMENTS:

Direct speech: “S + V + …”

Reported speech: S + V (reporting) + S + V

NOTES:

1. reporting verbs: (động từ tường thuật)

say  say (that)

say to sb.  tell sb.

2. động từ tường thuật ở thì quá khứ (said, told, …)  phải lùi thì của động từ trong mệnh đề tường thuật

present  past

past  past perfect

future (will …)  future in the past (would …)

3. thay đổi đại từ và các tính từ sở hữu ngôi thứ nhất và thứ 2 (speaker and listener). Ngôi thứ 3 giữ nguyên

Subject: I you we they she he it

Object: me you us them her him it

Possessive: my your our their her his its

4. thay đổi thời gian, nơi chốn và trợ động từ:

Direct speech Reported speech

Time now then

today that day

tonight that night

tomorrow the next/following day, the day after

yesterday the day before, the previous day

last night the night before, the previous night

two days ago two days before

at this time at that time

next week the next/ following week

the day after tomorrow two days after

Place here there

this … that …
 these … those …
Modal verbs can could

may might

might might

should should

must must / had to

II. IMPERATIVES:

Direct speech: “(Don’t) + V + …”

Reported speech: S + V (reporting) + O (người nghe) + (not) + to V + …

NOTES:

1. Verb (reporting): tell (told): bảo/ ask(ed): yêu cầu/ advise(d): khuyên /order(ed): ra lệnh/ …

2. thay đổi đại từ và các tính từ sở hữu: (like statements)

III. QUESTIONS:
Direct speech: “Yes-No …?”
“Wh- …?”

(yes-no question)
Reported speech: S + V(reporting) + if/whether
+ S +v
Wh- word (wh- question)
NOTES:

1. Verb (reporting): ask(ed) + sb.: hỏi (ai)/ wonder(ed): tự hỏi/ want(ed) to know: muốn biết

2. thay đổi đại từ và các tính từ sở hữu: (like statements)

3. động từ tường thuật ở thì quá khứ (asked, , …)  phải lùi thì của động từ trong mệnh đề tường thuật
DRILL: Turn these sentences into reported speech

1. The teacher said to us, “Do your homework carefully!”

 The teacher told us to do our homework carefully .

2. He said to me, “Don’t make such a bad mistake again!”

 He told me not to make such a bad mistake again .

3. Tom said, “My uncle died for my country in the war in 1975.”

 Tom said that his uncle (had) died for his country in the war in 1975 .

4. The farmers say, “We hope it will stop raining tomorrow.”

 The farmers say that they hope it will stop raining the next day .

5. The teacher said to the pupils, “You must hand in your paper on time.”

 The teacher told the pupils that they had to hand in their paper on time .

 The teacher told the pupils to hand in their papers on time

6. I said to the little girl, “The sun always rises in the east.”

 I told the little girl that the sun always rises in the east .

7. “I bought this car last year, but now I want to sell it”, said Bill.

 Bill said that he had bought that car the year before but then he wanted to sell it .

8. My friend said, “Are you going to leave tomorrow?”

 My friend asked me if I was going to leave the next day .

9. “Do you want to travel by air or by train?” the travel agent said to her.

 The travel agent asked her if she wanted to travel by air or by train .

10. I asked Tom, “What time did you go to bed last night?”

 I asked Tom what time he had gone to bed the night before .
 REPORTED SPEECH WITH INFINITIVES (Unit 5)

* We use to-infinitive in reported speech (commands, requests, invitations, advise, …) as

follows.

1. S + V + to-infinitive Verbs: agree, offer, promise, refuse, threaten,

etc. Ex: - Direct: “I’m not going to walk all that way”, said Gary.

Indirect: Gary refused to walk all that way.

2. S + V + O + to-infinitive

Verbs: advise, ask, beg, command, encourage, forbid, invite, order,

recommend, remind, request, tell, urge, warn, etc.

Ex: - Direct: “Would you like to stay at our house”, Mark said to us.

Indirect: Mark invited us to stay at his house.

Some more examples:

1. “Get out of the room”, she said.

 She told me to get out of the room.

2. “Could you carry some bags, Mike?”

She asked Mike to carry some bags.

3. “Would you like to have dinner with us?”

 They invited me to have dinner with them.

4. “Please do send me to a warm climate”, he asked/begged.

 He asked/ begged us to send him to a warm climate.

5. “Don’t swim out too far, boys”, I said.

 I warned the boys not to swim out too far.

6. “You had better hurry, Bill!”, she said.

 She advised Bill to hurry.

DRILL: Turn these sentences into reported speech

1. "Don't walk on the grass,” said our teacher.

 Our teacher told us not to walk on the grass .

2. Dad said to me, “Close your eyes and open the present.”

 Dad told me to close my eyes and open the present .

3. The teacher said to us, “Prepare everything you need for the trip tomorrow.”

 The teacher told us to prepare everything we need for the trip the next day .

4. The leader said to them, “Don't go too far away from the group."

 The leader told them not to go too far away from the group .

5. “Can you turn down the music, please?” said her father.

 Her father asked her if she could turn down the music .

6. “Go to your room and stay there,” said his father to him.

 His father told him to go to his room and stay there .

7. John said to Jim, "Don't talk when the teacher is talking.”

  John told Jim not to talk when the teacher was talking .

8. The supervisor said to us, "Don't use cellphone in the school.”

 The supervisor told us not to use cellphone in the school .

9. “Please talk to Tony about the test yesterday,” said the teacher to me.

 The teacher told me to talk to Tony about the test the day before .

10. The manager said to us, "Could you start working right now?

 The manager asked us if we could start working right then .

11. “Please don’t drink any more”, said his wife. (beg)
 His wife begged him not to drink any more .

12. “Can I do the washing up?”, I offered. (offer)

 I offered to do the washing up .

“I won’t forget the shopping”, she promised. (promise)

13.
 She promised not to forget the shopping .

“Would you like to come to my party?”, he invited her. (invite)

14.
 He invited her to come to his party .

“I phone the police” she threatened. (threaten)

15.
 She threatened to phone the police .
16. “Remember to book the table”, said Ann. (remind)
 Ann reminded me to book the table .

“Get into the right lane”, said the driving instructor. (tell / warn)
17.
 The driving instructor told me to get into the right lane .

“Why don’t you take some medicine”, he advised me. (advise)

18.
 He advised me to take some medicine .

“Don’t forget that we have to drive home”, said his wife. (remind)
19.
 His wife reminded him not to forget that they had to drive home

20. “Do go to the dentist, Tom, before your toothache gets any worse”, I said. (urge)
 I urged Tom to go to the dentis before his toothache got any worse .

“Go on, apply for the job”, said Jack. (urge / encourage)
21.
 Jack encouraged me to apply for the job .

“Forget all about this young man”, said her parents; “don’t see him again or answer his letter’s”
22.
(order, tell)

 Her parents told her to forget all about that young man and ordered her not to see him

again or answer his letter’s

REPORTED SPEECH WITH GERUND (Unit 6)

* We use gerund in reported speech as follows.

1. S + V + gerund.

- Verbs: admit, deny, recommend, regret, suggest, etc.

- Ex: - Direct: She said to me, “I broke the vase of flowers”.

Indirect: She admitted breaking the vase of flowers.

2. S + V + preposition + gerund.

- Verbs: apologize (to s.b) for, dream of, insist on, object to, etc.

- Ex: - Direct: She said to me, “I’m sorry that I broke the vase of flowers”.

Indirect: She apologized (to me) for breaking the vase of flowers.

3. S + V + O + preposition + gerund.
- Verbs: accuse…of, blame…for, congratulate…on, prevent…from, thank...for, warn …

against, etc.

- Ex: - Direct: Mary told Peter, “It was your fault. You didn’t tell me the truth”.

Indirect: Mary blamed Peter for not telling her the truth.

DRILL: Turn these sentences into reported speech

1. “You took the money”, he said. (accuse)

 He accused me of taking the money .

2. “I stole his bicycle”, he said to the police. (admit)

 He admitted stealing his bicycle .

3. He said to the police, “I didn’t steal the bike”. (deny)

 He denied stealing the bike .

4. He said, “I’m sorry I’m late”. (apologize)

 He apologized for being late .

5. “I must finish my work before going out with you” Linda said to Henry. (insist)

 Linda insisted on finishing her work before going out with Henry .

6. “I’m happy to hear that you have passed the final exam. Congratulations!”, Jim said to me.

(congratulate)

 Jim congratulated me on having passed the final exam .

7. “It was nice of you to invite me to dinner. Thank you.”, Miss White said to George. (thank)

 Miss White thanked George for inviting her to dinner .

8. Don’t play with the matches.”, I said to Jack. (warn …… against)

 I warned Jack against playing with the matches .

9. “We should take the jumper back to the shop.”, Jack said to us. (recommend + O + to-inf.)

(recommend + gerund)

 Jack recommended us to take the jumper back to the shop .

10. “Stay here! You mustn’t leave the shop” said the guard. (stop)

 The guard stopped us from leaving the shop .

11. “We should go for a picnic on Sunday.”, said Linda. (suggest)

 Linda suggested going for a picnic on Sunday .

12. The police said to the thief, “You broke the traffic rules.” (blame)

 The police blamed the thief for breaking the traffic rules

13. “It’s too expensive to have dinner at a restaurant.”, Tom objected. (object)

 Tom objected to having dinner at a restaurant .

14. “I wish I’d asked for his name and address.”, said Tom. (regret)

 Tom regretted not asking for his name and address .

15. The manager told the visitors, “Don’t stay at the hotel near the airport.” (warn ……against……)

(warn …to-inf.)

 The manager warned the visitors not to stay at the hotel near the airport .

BẢNG ĐỘNG TỪ REPORTED SPEECH

 I. Reported Verb + to infinitive:

want (muốn), offer (đề nghị tự nguyện), refuse (từ chối), help, hope (hi vọng), promise (hứa), agree

(đồng ý)

II. Reported Verb + O + to infinitive

ask, tell, order, warn (cảnh báo), advise, encourage (khuyến khích), invite, beg (cầu xin), remind

(nhắc nhở), expect (trông mong), threaten (đe dọa), command (ra lệnh), allow/ permit (cho phép),

urge (thúc dục), recommend (khuyên, bảo)

III. Reported Verb + (opposition) + Ving

deny, admit, look forward to (mong mỏi), suggest (+ Ving/ that + (should) + bare infinitive),

apologize for (xin lỗi), approve of (chấp nhận), object to (phản đối) (+ Ving/ that + S + V),

appreciate + (sb) + Ving (đánh giá cao), dream of (mơ về), insist on (khăng khăng), think of (nghĩ

về), recommend, confess to (thú tội)

IV. Reported Verb (opposition) + O + (opposition) + Ving

- Apologize to sb + for + Ving: xin lỗi - Accuse sb of + Ving: buộc tội, tố cáo

- Blame sb + for + Ving: đổ lỗi - Congratulate sb on + Ving: chúc mừng

- Compliment sb on +Ving: ca ngợi - Forgive sb for +Ving: tha thứ

- Criticize sb for + Ving: phê bình, chỉ trích - Prevent sb from + Ving: ngăn cản

- Stop sb from + Ving: dừng - Thank sb for + Ving: cảm ơn

- Warn sb against + Ving: cảnh báo … không

NOTES:

admit doing s.t / admit that:

* The boy admitted having broken my windows.

* The boy admitted that he had broken my window.

deny doing s.t/ deny that:

* She denied knowing anything about it.

* He denied that he had been involved.

regret:

- regret + V-ing: - I regretted (his) ever raising the matter. (hối hận về việc đã làm)

- regret + that: - I regret that I cannot help.

- regret + to inf.: We regret to inform you that your applications have been unsuccessful. (hối

hận về việc sẽ làm)

suggest:

- suggest + V-ing: - He suggested taking the children to the zoo.

- suggest + that + S + (should) + Bare infinitive:

I suggested that we (should) break for lunch now.

Một số động từ tường thuật dùng trong chuyển đổi khi gặp cấu trúc:

 Why don’t you/ Why not/ How about/ What about  suggested + V- ing.

that + S + (should) + Bare inf.

Ex: “Why not forward her the message?” I said to him.

 I suggested forwarding her the message.

that he (should) forward her message.

 Let’s/ Let’s not  suggested + V – ing / not V-

ing Ex: “Let’s talk about that problem again,” he

said.

 He suggested not talking about that problem again.

 Shall we/ It’s a good idea  suggested + V- ing

Ex: “It’s a good idea to send her some flowers,” he said.

 He suggested sending her some flowers.

 Would/ Could/ Will/ Can you + Bare infinitive  ask/ order/ tell someone + to

infinitive Ex: “Can you read the instructions again?” she said.

 She asked me to read the instructions again.

 Would/ Do you mind + V- ing  ask/ order/ tell + to

infinitive Ex: “Would you mind opening the door?” he said.

 He asked me to open the door.

 Would you like/ will you  invite someone + to

infinitive Ex: “Would you like to go to the cinema with me?”

he said.

 He invited me to go to the cinema with him.

Ex: “Will you have lunch with me?” he said.

 He invited me to have lunch with him.

 Had better/ If I were you/ Why don’t you  advise + someone + to

 infinitive Ex: “If I were you, I would phone her,” I said.

 I advised him to phone her.

CONDITIONAL IN REPORTED SPEECH (Unit 7)

Nếu trong lời nói trực tiếp có câu điều kiện, thì câu diều kiện loại 1 (điều kiện có thể xảy ra ở hiện

tại hoặc tương lai) ta lùi thì của động từ, câu điều kiện loại 2, câu điều kiện loại 3 giữ nguyên.

“If I have time, I will visit her,” he said.

 He said that if he had time he would visit her.

“If I were in New York, I would visit her,” he said.

 He said that if he were in New York, he would visit her.

“If I had met her, I would have told her the truth,” he said.

 He said that if he had met her, he would have told her the truth.

PRACTICE

I. Turn these sentences into reported speech

1. The doctor said to me, “You should lose weight.”

 The doctor advised me to lose weight

2. Mary said, “Let’s go to a movie.”

 Mary suggested going to a movie

3. “I didn’t break the windows”, Bill said.

 Bill denied breaking/having broken the windows

4. “I’ve been spending a lot more time with my children.”

 He said that he had been spending a lot more time with his children

5. “I can’t go to your birthday party next Saturday evening, Jack”, said Mary.

 Mary apologized to Jack for not going to his birthday party the next Saturday evening

6. “I won’t help you with your homework. Never!” Jane said to me.

 Jane refused to help me with my homework

7. Joe said, “Please come to my party.”

 Joe invited me to come to his party

8. “Are you the new manager, Daisy? Congratulations!” said Bill.

 Bill congratulated Daisy on being the new manager

9. “Are you enjoying yourself?”

 He wanted to know if I was enjoying myself

10. “Please don’t tell anybody what happened.”

 He asked me not to tell anybody what had happened

11. “If you don’t give me a pay rise. I’ll resign.”

 She threatened to resign if I didn’t give her a pay rise

12. “I’ll finish the work by the end of this week.”

 John promised to finish the work by the end of that week

13. “You can’t run out of the garden,” Ms. Kelly said to the children.

 Ms. Kelly prevented the children from running out of the garden

14. “Stay away from me.”

 Tom warned me to stay away from him

15. “What’s the weather like?”

 She asked me what the weather was like

II. Choose the best answer.

1. Jim (denied/ refused/ claimed) stealing money from his classmate.

2. She (suggested/ advised/ allowed) me to see the doctor right away.

3. The trip leader (urged/ reminded/ agreed) to wait for ten minutes before we set off.

4. Lenny (apologized/ accused/ proposed) for being late for yesterday's meeting.

5. He (requested/informed/ proposed) changing the date of the trip.

6. The policeman (suggested/ ordered/ insisted) the thief to put his gun down.

7. Emma (complained/ wondered/ insisted) that we should eat breakfast before leaving.

8. The boys (promised/ admitted/ advised) not to behave that bad again.

9. He (regretted/ refused/ encouraged) to invite those people to his birthday party.

10. He (insisted/ reminded/ suggested) not bringing a lot of money on the trip.

III. Choose the best answer to complete each of the sentences.

1. Lisa me to thank my mother for her.

A. suggested B. complained C. reminded D. congratulated

2. I think they were being about the noise they made last night.

A. complained B. urged C. apologized D. requested

3. The police officer them to freeze.

 A. recommended B. ordered C. allowed D. encouraged

4. The child is his mother to let him go to the party with his friends.

A. denying B. begging C. proposing D. explaining

5. The principal not setting off until the storm passed.

A. advised B. encouraged C. permitted D. requested

6. Prof. Alan advised more time in the library.

A. that me spending B. me spending C. me to spend D. me to spending

7. They apologized my cellphone yesterday.

A. me to break B. me for breaking C. me to having broken D. to me for breaking

8. Both his parents persuaded for dinner, so I couldn't refuse.

A. me to stay B. me staying C. to me to stay D. to me staying

9. Mary admitted well for the presentation last week.

A. not to prepare B. to not prepare C. not to preparing D. not preparing

10. She insisted should mention the problem in the meeting today.

A. on we B. that we C. on us to D. on that we

IV. Report the following sentences. Use the reporting verbs given and the correct form of

the verbs that follow.

1. The teacher said to us, “If I were you, I would review the lessons very carefully.”

 The teacher advised us to review the lessons very carefully .

2. Isabelle said to the supervisor, “I am so sorry. I forgot to tell Jimmy about the meeting.”
  Isabelle apologized to the supervisor for forgetting to tell Jimmy about the meeting

3. He said, “I think I'll let her know about our plan.”

 He decided to let her know about their plan .

4. “No, I really don't want to work with that boy.” Ann said.

 Ann insisted on not working with that boy .

5. "Don't forget to call your sister to come early," my father said.

 My father reminded me to call my sister to come early .

6. My little brother said, “I won't play ball in the house again.”

 My little brother promised not to play ball in the house again .

7. He said, “Why don't we just run a campaign to raise funds?”

 He suggested running a campaign to raise funds .

8. “I didn't enter that room,” she insisted.

 She denied entering that room .

9. “Congratulations. You passed your exam,” he told me.

 He congratulated me on passing my exam .

10. “Be quiet!” He firmly said to us.

 He ordered us to be quiet .

V. Choose the best answer:

1. He on seeing the manager of the hotel.

A. asked B. convinced C. insisted D. expected

2. John thanked me helping him the home work.

A. to/for B. for/with C. to/with D. of/Ø

3. We were of buying a house in the suburb.

A. wishing B. wanting C. considering D. thinking

4. Bob having stolen Mary’s pocket calculator.

A. admitted B. agreed C. dreamed D. accepted

5. His parent prevented him staying up late to play games.

A. of B. from C. with D. on

6. “Thank you very much for your help, John,” said Daisy.

A. Daisy thanked John for helping her B. Daisy told John to help her

C. Daisy wanted John to help her and said thanks D. Daisy would like John to help her

7. “It is you that stole my purse,” Mrs. Pike said to the young man.

A. Mrs. Pike told the young man that it was you that stole her purse.

B. Mrs. Pike denied the young man of stealing her purse.

C. Mrs. Pike accused the young man of stealing her purse.

D. Mrs. Pike asked the young man to steal her purse.

8. “You mustn’t get into the area,” the policeman said.

A. The policeman stopped them from getting into the area.

B. The policeman denied from getting into the area.

C. The policeman wanted them to get into the area.

D. The policeman suggested getting into the area.

9. “Whose composition haven’t we heard yet?”

The teacher asked us to tell her .

A. whose composition we haven’t heard yet. B. whose composition we hadn’t heard yet.

C. whose composition hadn’t we heard yet. D. whose composition we hadn’t heard yet?

10. “You look beautiful in this dress.”

Last night she told me .

A. you look beautiful in that dress B. you looked beautiful in that dress

C. I’ll look beautiful in this dress D. I looked beautiful in that dress

11. “Hi, Bob. Did you take the job?” Bob’s friend asked him.

Bob’s friend asked him .

A. did he take the job B. whether you took the job

C. if he had taken the job C. had he taken the job

12. “How many people are there in your family?” The interviewer asked me ______

A. how many people there were in your family

B. how many people were there in your family

C. how many people were there in my family

D. how many people there were in my family

13. “Don’t stay up late. You should go to bed early,” Peter told me.

A. Peter told me not to stay up late and promised to go to bed early.

B. Peter promised not to stay up late and told me to go to bed early.

C. Peter told me do not to stay up late and advised me to go to bed early.

 D. Peter told me not to stay up late and advised me to go to bed early.

14. “I will bring you some food,” he said to me

A. He invited me to eat some food B. He offered to bring me some food

C. He told me to bring some food D. He advised me to bring some food

15. “Go on, Susan! Apply for the job,” the father said.

A. The father invited Susan to apply for the job.

B. The father denied applying for the job.

C. The father encouraged Susan to apply for the job.

D. The father wanted Susan not to apply for the job.

16. 'Why not participate in the English Speaking Contest?'

A. He asked me to take part in the English Speaking Contest.

B. He suggested taking part in the English Speaking Contest.

C. He offered us to take part in the English Speaking Contest.

D. He told me not to participate in the English Speaking Contest.

17. 'Let me pay for the coffee. I really want.'

A. Jenny is asked to pay for the coffee. B. Jenny suggested paying for the coffee.

C. Jenny insisted on paying for the coffee. D. Jenny told me to pay for the coffee.

18. 'You're always making terrible mistakes,' said the teacher.

A. The teacher complained about his students making terrible mistakes.

B. The teacher asked his students why they always made terrible mistakes.

C. The teacher realized that his students always made terrible mistakes.
 D. The teacher made his students not always make terrible mistakes.

19. Each of you may have one piece of candy,’ Mrs. Jones said to the children.

A. Mrs. Jones advised the children to have one piece of candy.

B. Mrs. Jones asked each of the children to have one piece of candy.

C. Mrs. Jones allowed each of the children to have one piece of candy.

D. Mrs. Jones reminded the children to have one piece of candy.

20. 'Would you mind if I brought a friend to the party?' said Peter.

A. Peter wanted me to bring my friend to his party.

B. Peter encouraged me to bring my friend to the party.

C. Peter asked for permission to bring his friend to the party.

D. Peter promised to bring a friend to the party.

21. 'Don't be so disappointed Jane. You can take the driving test again,' said Helen.

A. Helen told Jane not to be disappointed and take the driving test again.

B. Helen asked Jane not to be disappointed and offered her another driving test.

C. Helen warned Jane not to be disappointed' in order to take the driving test again.

D. Helen encouraged Jane to take the driving test again.

22. 'Let's break for lunch,' said Mathew.

A. Mathew wanted to break for lunch. B. Mathew insisted on breaking for lunch.

C. Mathew suggested breaking for lunch. D. Mathew offered us a break for lunch.

23. 'Would you like some coffee, Mike?'

A. Jane asked Mike to make her some coffee.

 B. Jane wanted to know whether Mike like coffee.

C. Jane offered to make some coffee for Mike.

D. Jane suggested drinking coffee.

24. 'Could you please wait here until your name is called?'

A. She asked me to wait there until my name was called.

B. She wanted to know if I could wait there until my name was called.

C. She advised me to wait there until my name was called.

D. She reminded me to wait here until my name was called.

25. 'If I were you, I would take the job,' said my roommate.

A. My roommate was thinking about taking the job.

B. My roommate advised me to take the job.

C. My roommate introduced the idea of taking the job to me.

D. My roommate insisted on taking the job for me.