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Sk0014 Physical & Inorganic Chemistry Tutorial 9 Thermochemistry

This document provides information on thermochmistry including specific heat capacities and standard enthalpies of formation for various substances. It then lists 9 practice problems involving calculations of heat, temperature change, and enthalpy for chemical reactions using these provided values and thermochemical equations.

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32 views2 pages

Sk0014 Physical & Inorganic Chemistry Tutorial 9 Thermochemistry

This document provides information on thermochmistry including specific heat capacities and standard enthalpies of formation for various substances. It then lists 9 practice problems involving calculations of heat, temperature change, and enthalpy for chemical reactions using these provided values and thermochemical equations.

Uploaded by

Neil8353 Gg
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SK0014 PHYSICAL & INORGANIC CHEMISTRY

TUTORIAL 9 THERMOCHEMISTRY

Please refer the table provided for specific heat capacity and selected standard enthalpy of
formation ΔHof of certain substances.

1. A 7.75-kg piece of copper metal is heated from 19.4oC to 320.7 oC. Calculate the heat
absorbed (in kJ) by the metal.

2. The first step in the industrial recovery of zinc from the zinc sulfide ore is roasting, that is,
the conversion ZnS to ZnO by heating.

2ZnS(s) + 3O2(g) → 2ZnO(s) + 2SO2(g) ∆H = -879 kJ

If the enthalpy change of the reaction is -1121 kJ,


a) What is the mass of ZnS ore required to roast?
b) What is the heat energy of the reaction?

3. A sheet of gold weighing 10.0 g and at a temperature of 18.0 K is placed flat on a sheet
of iron weighing 20.0 g at a temperature of 55.6 K. What is the final temperature of the
combine metals? Assume that no heat is lost to the surroundings.

4. An aluminium block is warmed to 69.0oC and plunged into an insulated beaker containing
55.2 g water initially at 25.0oC. The aluminium and the water are allowed to come to
thermal equilibrium resulting the final temperature of both substances to be 27.3oC. What
is the mass of aluminium block?

5. A 8.50-g sample of KCl was added to 50.0 mL of NaOH (density is 2.13 g/mL) in a coffee
cup calorimeter, the temperature decreased by 5.03oC. How much heat involved in the
reaction?

6. The combustion of liquid acetone, C3H6O will produce gaseous carbon dioxide and water.
Use the following thermochemical equations to calculate the standard enthalpy of
combustion for one mole acetone.

3C(s) + 3H2(g) + ½O2(g) → C3H6O(ℓ) ΔH° = -285.0 kJ


C(s) + O2(g) → CO2(g) ΔH° = -394.0 kJ
H2(g) + ½O2(g) → H2O(ℓ) ΔH° = -286.0 kJ

7. When in danger, bombardier beetles can fire a hot, toxic mixture of chemicals at their
attacker. This mixture contains quinone, C6H4O2, a compound that is formed by the
reaction of hydroquinone, CH4(OH)2, with hydrogen peroxide, H2O2. The equation for the
overall reaction is:

CH4(OH)2(aq) + H2O2(aq) → C6H4O2(aq) + 2H2O(ℓ)

Use the following data to calculate the enthalpy change, in kJ mol-1, for the above reaction.
CH4(OH)2(aq) → C6H4O2 (aq) + H2(g) ΔH = +177.4 kJ mol-1
H2(g) + O2(g) → H2O2(aq) ΔH = -191.2 kJ mol-1
H2(g) + ½O2(g) → H2O(g) ΔH = -241.8 kJ mol-1
H2O(g) → H2O(ℓ) ΔH = -43.8 kJ mol-1

8. Nitric acid is used to make many products, including fertilizers, dyes, and explosives. The
first step in its production is the oxidation of ammonia:

4NH3(g) + 5O2(g) → 4NO(g) + 6H2O(g)

Calculate the ΔH°rxn using their standard enthalpy formation.

9. A 1.0-g zinc metal is added to 50.0 mL of 0.10 M AgNO3 solution in a calorimeter. As a


result of the reaction
Zn(s) + 2Ag+(aq) → Zn2+(aq) + 2Ag(s)
the temperature rises from 292.25 K to 301.17 K. If the heat capacity of the solution is
98.6 J g-1 oC-1,
a) Calculate the heat of reaction
b) Calculate the enthalpy change for the reaction
Assuming that the density of the substances is the same as water.

Specific heat capacities, C of some substances.


Substance C (J g-1 K-1)
Aluminium, Al 0.900
Graphite, C 0.711
Iron, Fe 0.450
Copper, Cu 0.387
Gold, Au 0.129
Water, H2O 4.184
Carbon tetrachloride, CCl4 0.862
Wood 1.76
Cement 0.88
Glass 0.84
Steel 0.45
NaOH 4.017
HCl 4.017

Selected standard enthalpy of formation ΔHof at 298 K


Formula ΔH of (kJ mol-1)
O2(g) 0
H2(g) 0
N2(g) 0
H2O(g) -241.8
H2O(ℓ) -285.8
NH3(g) -45.9
NO(g) 90.3

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