Holiday Homework - Geography Project for class 10 Year 2019- 20

All students are required to do a project for which Twenty marks are alloted in the final assessment.
This project calls for work during the vacation. Detailed instructions as to how to go about the job
have been given.They must begin with collecting relevant information, organise it during their
summer vacation. Final writing needs to be done in the school.The Draft report has to be submitted
within two weeks of school re-opening. Students are required to choose a topic from the list of
topics given in the ICSC syllebus. In this write up I have chosen the topic ‘Transportation’ and
given suggetions or outline to help to work on the project.
PREPARATION AND SUBMISSION OF PROJECT REPORT
Following essentials are required to be fulfilled for its preparation and submission-
1. The total length of the project report will not be more than 8-10 written pages of A-4 size paper).
2. The project report should be hand written and credit will be awarded to, use of maps, graphs and
articles from news papers and magzines; for original drawings, illustrations, photographs,
artworks, good layout and creative use of materials . (one should not cut pages from costly
magzines such as National Geographic etc,.
3. The students should prepare a draft before finalizing the report. Final writing should be done in
the school
4. The project report will be presented in a neatly titled cover page or paper folder (Plastic folder
should not be used.)
The project report will be developed and presented in this order
• Cover page showing project title, student information, school and year.
• List of contents with page numbers.
• Acknowledgements (acknowledging the institution, offices and libraries visited and persons who
have helped)
• Project Overview: Purpose, Aim, Methodology and experiences while doing the project.
• Chapters with relevant headings.
• Summary and conclusions based on findings.
• Planning and activities to be done during the project, if any giving a calendar of activities.
• References: should have the Title, author, publisher, year of publication and if a website the name
of the website with the specific website link which has been used.
• All the photographs and sketches should be labelled and acknowledged.

Evaluation of Project under the following guidelines:

Sl No Aspects
1 Procedure & Preparation-Content,Accuracy and Originality

2. Presentation- creativity- written work,Use of Maps ,Graphs,Sketches.

3 Observation & Inference- Processs of project completion: Initiative,involvment and
Punctuality

Qualities of Good Cover Page:

The cover page must have the following qualities:
1. Hand drawn and designed using pictures and slogans which indicate clearly the title of the
project.
2. Catchy titles
3. Pictures and information relevant to the topic covered in the project
4. The details of the school's name and address, class and year.
5. Student's full name.

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Topic of the Project work- Transportation in India
Transport represents one of the most important human activities worldwide. It is an indispensable
component of the economy and plays a major role in the sustained Socio-economic growth of a
country. Transport creates valuable links between regions and economic activities that is between
agriculture, Industry and services. It provides link between people and the rest of the world.
Transportation is concerned with mobility, of people,and goods, particularly how this mobility is
taking place in the context of a wide variety of conditions. The physical features of of land impose
major constraints on transportation systems, in terms of what mode can be used, the extent of the
service, its costs and capacity.
India's growing economy has witnessed a rise in demand for transport infrastructure and service.
India’s transport network is vast and diverse comprising an extensive road network of 3,329,105
kilometers, and rail route network of 65,808 kilometers geographically connecting the country
along its length as well as breadth. India has one of the largest road networks in the world India
also has an established aviation industry with international and domestic airline services . The past
20 years have brought dramatic changes to Indian transport sector. Roadways and railways have
been modernised,expressways have been built for fast and smooth movement of vechiles. In
Railways there are effort to build high speed train corridors. In many metropolitan cities now have
metro rail for use by daily commuters. Aviation industry is also undegoing changes. New airlines
are inaugurating new routes, both domestically and internationally and airports are being
modernised and expanded. Keeping this fast changing scnerio of transport and its importance as an
essential infrastructure for development a ‘Project work on transportation in India’ has been
suggested. As this topic is vast and complex, any one aspect of transport can be taken up which
interst you and is convienent for the project work. The project work can be on general transport
system in india outlining various transport modes and their features. This must include advantages
and limitations of type of transport system. Also where necessary should trace the history and
growth of transport system in a very general way. Apart from this the distribution pattern and
factors contributing/affecting the development of transport in different regions of India should be
analaysed. If interested another way to look at within the broad topic of transport, is to just focus
on any one type of transport or in one region/ city of india to gain better understanding different
aspects of transport system . Hence topic like Urban transport, or metro rail BRTS/ suburnan rail /
public bus transport/ Private taxi service/ Mofussai bus service/ or Inland water ways/ ports of india
ar any specfic airport/ railway station/ bus station can be chosen to understan the structure and
working of the transport network.
During their project work students should take interest to refer and collect information on
interesting facts and terms related to transport e.g, Great circle routes, GPS Navigation and tracking,
use of digital maps like google maps, use of prismatic campass,fright and fare etc. They are also
encouraged to prepare a list of glossary of words connected with transportation.
For your Project work-
Provides an overviewof transport in india and try to address following questions in your project
work. This would be useful in understanding and organising the material related to the topic.

1, What is meant by transport? Describe its importance/ Functions of transport

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2. History and growth - Traditional means of Transport - Modern means of Transport
3. Features of transport- State the different modes of transport .RAILWAY • ROADWAY•AIRWAY
• WATERWAY Pipelines,
4. Advantages and limitations of each mode of transport
5. The choice of the method of transport – Factors afecting the choice Development and
modernization.
6. Structure and distribution of transport network

References useful for the project work

1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_in_India
2. A Textbook of ICSE geography by Veena Bhargava. Publishers -Goyal brothers
3. https://www.nios.ac.in/media/documents/316courseE/ch25.pdf National open school textbook
4.http://ncert.nic.in/textbook/textbook.htm?legy2=10-12 NCERT textbook.
5, ISC Geography by D R Khullar . Kalyani publishers
6. https://www.india.gov.in/topics/transport
7. https://www.irfca.org/index.html site is a hobby group for discussing all aspects of railways in
India.
8. https://india-wris.nrsc.gov.in/wrpinfo/index.php?title=Inland_Waterways. India WRIS Wiki. Inda
water resource information sysem.
9. http://www.nhai.org/nhdp-english-map.htm. National Highway Authority of India