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Bonding in Myofibri

1) The document describes the structure and function of muscle fibers, including the bonding between actin and myosin filaments that causes contraction. 2) It explains that calcium binds to troponin, exposing myosin binding sites on actin for cross-bridge cycling to occur. 3) The document also discusses the differences between slow-twitch and fast-twitch muscle fibers as well as providing information on related tissues like bone, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments.

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Debbie Rg
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34 views3 pages

Bonding in Myofibri

1) The document describes the structure and function of muscle fibers, including the bonding between actin and myosin filaments that causes contraction. 2) It explains that calcium binds to troponin, exposing myosin binding sites on actin for cross-bridge cycling to occur. 3) The document also discusses the differences between slow-twitch and fast-twitch muscle fibers as well as providing information on related tissues like bone, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments.

Uploaded by

Debbie Rg
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BONDING IN MYOFIBRIL MECHANISM OF CONTRACTION

 MYOSIN FILAMENTS - dark bands  Ca2+ binds to TROPONIN changing its


shape so that it pulls the
 ACTIN FILAMENTS - light bands but TROPOMYOSIN.
extend between the dark bands too
 MYOSIN binding sites are exposed.
 The segments on either sides of the H
ZONE are particularly darker because they  MYOSIN filaments bind to ACTIN forming
contain both MYOSIN and ACTIN filaments a ACTO-MYOSIN bridge.

 H ZONE is comparatively lighter because it  ADP and Pi are released.


contains MYOSIN FIBERS only.
STUCTURE OF MYOSIN FIBER  The MYOSIN head bends forward
moving the ACTIN filament 10nm along
 Made up of 2 polypeptide chains twisted the MYOSIN filament and shortening the
together. SARCOLEMMA.

 Each chain ends in a large globular head  Free ATP bonds to the MYOSIN head
which has ADP and Pi. The head able to causing a change in shape.
act as the ATPase enzyme.
 Bridge is broken.
 MYOSIN filament is made up of many of
these bound together and their heads will  ATPase in the MYOSIN
be sticking out. head is activated, it needs Ca2+.
 ATP is hydrolyzed giving energy for
STRUCTURE OF ACTIN FILAMENT MYOSIN head to come back to its
original position with ADP and Pi bound
 Made up of chains of ACTIN monomers to it.
joined like beads in necklace.
 If muscle is continuously contracted Ca2+
 There are MYOSIN binding sites at regular will remain in the SARCOPLASM or else
intervals. will be pumped into the SARCOPLASMIC
RETICULAM.
 Long chain of TROPOMYOSIN wraps
around ACTIN.  The muscle is once again relaxed.

 When relaxed covers the MYOSIN binding


sites.

 TROPOMYOSIN has TROPONIN at regular


intervals.
DIFFERENT TYPES OF MUSCLE FIBRES BONE

Common features in the cells of muscle fibers:  Made of bone tissues (OSTIOCITES)
 Contain plenty of MITOCHONDRIA embedded in a matrix of COLLAGEN
FIBERS and Ca2+
(supply the muscle with the ATP needed)  Strong and hard, posses high ability to
 Contain MYOGLOBIN (similar to face compression force.
HEAMOGLOBIN but is made up one  Light tissue in order to enable easy
globular protein. Higher affinity for movement.
OXYGEN, readily accepts O2 from blood,
O2 store) CARTILAGE

SLOW TWITCH FIBERS  Made of CHONDROCYTS embedded in a


matrix of organic matter & varying
 Adapted for steady action over a long amounts of COLLAGEN.
period. (contracts slowly)
 Elastic but also withstand compression.
 Rich blood supply, plenty of
MITOCHONDRIA and MYOGLOBIN.  Shock absorber (found in vertebrae and
joints)
 Can maintain without anaerobic
respiration. TENDONS

 Do not fatigue easily.  Made of white fibrous tissues consisting


COLLAGEN fibers.
 Deep red color. Called red muscle
fibers/oxidative muscle fibers. ( rich  Inelastic, joins muscle and bone. (one end
blood supply and high levels of to muscle, other directly or indirectly to
MYOGLOBIN) fibrous cover of bone)

FAST TWITCH FIBERS


LIGAMENTS
 Rapid contraction over a short period.
 Made of yellow elastic tissues.
 Supplied with few blood vessels, low
levels of MYOGLOBIN and few  Found within the joints as well as around
MITOCHONDRIA. the joint in a capsule.

 Have to respire an aerobically. (without  Hold the bones in the correct alignment.
O2- only GLYCOLYSIS, Fatigue easily)
 Some have to be lose, some hard.
 Called white muscle fibers/glycolytic (Depends on the joint) Achieved by
muscle fibers. poor blood supply and few varying amounts of white fibrous tissue in
MYOGLOBIN) the mixture as well.

 Rich in glycogen to be converted to


glucose during aerobic or an aerobic
respiration.

 High levels of CREATINE PHOSPHATE (to


produce ATP from ADP)
 More MYOFIBRILS packed (small space
taken up by MITOCHONDRIA)

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