95MEKG-5

Sr. No. 5
EXAMINATION OF MARINE ENGINEER OFFICER
Function: Marine Engineering at Operational Level
MARINE ENGINEERING KNOWLEDGE
(GENERAL)
CLASS IV
(Time allowed - 3 hours)
INDIA (2000) Morning Paper
Total Marks 100

N.B. - (1) All questions are compulsory.

(2) All questions carry equal marks.
(3) Neatness in handwriting and clarity in expression carries weightage
April 2000

1. Submit a report to the Chief Engineer, stating how the main air Compressor which was not unloading
earlier during operation, has been rectified by you subsequently and put to use.
2. Sketch a 2-way cock, commonly used to drain tanks and state
(a) its uses on board ship
(b) the materials which are used in the cock.
3. Give an outline sketch of Heavy F.O. setting tank heating system and briefly explain the system.
Sketch only the low pressure steam inlet upto condensate collection tank.
4. Write short notes on the following :
(a) Need to ensure that D.O. service tanks are not heated beyond a certain temperature.
(b) Importance of the level of the F.W. compensating tank for jacket cooling of main engines as an
indicator of impending trouble.
(c) Need to check remote stop of all F.O. installations regularly.
(d) Neccessity for a proper check of all engine room parameters before taking over of watch.
5. In any air system a safety device should be placed between any two points where air can be trapped
between any two valves.
(a) Which can be closed manually.
(b) Between a non –return valve and a screw down valve.
(c) Between a non-return valve and a U-bend of a pipe.
(d) Between any valve and a nozzle; State which of the options are true and why?
6. Some of the following are preferred refrigerants of the future
(a) Carbon dioxide
(b) Refrigerant 11
(c) Refrigerant 502
(d) Ammonia
(e) Bromine
(f) Argon; State in brief the correct options giving reasons why the others are ruled out?
7. In the air conditioning of a ship a “Comfort Zone” constitutes
(a) Low humidity, low room temperature
(b) Low humidity, moderate temperature
(c) High humidity, moderate temperature
(d) Very low temperature, moderate humidity
State the correct answer, briefly giving reasons why it is necessarily the “Comfort Zone”.
8. The passenger spaces of a passenger ship is protected against major fires by a
(a) High expansion foam system; (b) High density CO2 system
(b) By a mixture of fire detection, fire retardant, ‘A-1 class bulkhead, fire doors, fire insulation and
elabrate halon system.
(c) High pressure steam system; Suggest if any of the above options is true, and if not, what would
you propose as the correct combination.
9. Sand impregnated with chemicals is kept in metal containers with a shovel, in the engine room, for
the following purposes
(a) to cover small oil spills; (b) to use along with cement for doing repair jobs.
(b) for making the floor anti-skid by giving more friction.
(c) for use as grinding paste in case of emergency.
State if any of the above points are true or false. Suggest the correct answer giving adequate
justification.

10. The auxiliary boiler of a ship periodically needs feed water and the rate of feed is gradually increasing
everyday, without an increase in demand. Suggest some causes for such a happening.

AUGUST 2000

1. Write a letter to the company management representative, explaining how you rectified a faulty main
air compressor lubrication problem.

2. Sketch and describe a Low Pressure Fuel Oil filter of any make, known to you.

3. Give an outline sketch of an Auxiliary engine Lube Oil system, showing the safety devices in the
system.

4. Write short notes on the following:

(A) Bilge suction strainers; (B) Air line filter; (C) The engine room telegraph
(B) Water tight doors

5. The pressure produced within the oil wedge of a rotating journal is ____________.
(A) the same as the pressure in the lubricating system
(B) less than the pressure in the lubricating system
(C) greater than the pressure in the lubricating system
(D) highest at the oil groove location. Briefly Justify your Answer

6. Which of the main shaft segments listed below, that are connected with the main engine, are coupled
to the tail shaft flange?
(A) Thrust shaft; (B) Stern-tube shaft; (C) Intermediate shaft
(B) Crank shaft. Briefly Justify your Answer

7. Piping cross-sections over 30 cm in diameter are sized by the __________.

(A) inside diameter; (B) wall thickness; (C) outside diameter
(B) threaded diameter. Briefly Justify your Answer

8. The ambient heat in an engine room which is identified by only a change in temperature is known as
____________.
(A) sensible heat: (B) latent heat; (C) total heat; (D) residual heat. Briefly Justify your Answer

9. The usual number of single-acting pistons used in a variable stroke axial-piston pump used for
steering gears is _____________.
(A) 3 or 5 (B) 5 or 7 (C) 7 or 9 (D) 9 or 11; Briefly Justify your Answer

10. Heavy soot accumulations in an auxiliary boiler could be caused by _____________.

(A) water in the fuel oil (B) excessive cycling (C) high fuel oil pressure
(B) improper burner maintenance; Briefly Justify your Answer

Answer for Question No. 5- C; Answer for Question No. 6- C; Answer for Question No. 7- C;
Answer for Question No. 8- A; Answer for Question No. 9- C; Answer for Question No. 10- D
 JANUARY 2000

1. Write a set of instructions for the support staff in the engine room of your vessel, on aspects of safety
when working on a sewage treatment plant.

2. Make an Outline sketch of a typical main air compressor high pressure relief valve and state:
(a) What materials are each component made off?
(b) Why it needs correct setting with respect to the main air receiver safety valve.

3. Give an outline sketch of a centrifugal pump explaining the principle of operation and the utility of
each part.

4. Write short notes on the following:

(a) Need to monitor the temperature of fuel oil in service tanks.
(b) Need to constantly monitor soundings of double bottom tanks.
(c) The importance of keeping bilges free of oil and waste.
(d) The importance of ensuring proper ventilation of engine room.

5. The salt content in the fresh water produced by a F. W. Generator could be too high owing to the
following causes:
(a) Salinometer not calibrated
(b) Capacity too high
(c) Evaporation temperature too low
(d) Leaking condenser tube
Elaborate each cause with proper reasoning

6. The sludge oil tank provided in the engine room, stores one or all of the following:
(a) oil drained from stern tubes
(b) oil drained from aux engine crankcases
(c) waste oil from L.O.Purifier pumps
(d) Waste oil from bilge oil separators.
Justify each point with reference to the above statement.

7. A bilge pump fails to take suction if either

(a) the suction line is holed
(b) the bilge suction non-return valve is stuck open
(c) the bilge pump is operating on low efficiency
Explain each of the causes with appropriate justifications.

8. A hydraulically operated cargo gear fails owing to malfunctioning of the hydraulic system. Explain
how each one of the following would be a prime cause for the malfunction:
(a) Very highly viscous oil
(b) Choked oil filters
(c) Air in the hydraulic system
(d) Low supply voltage on mains.

9. The refrigerating compressor on board a ship keeps constantly cutting off on starting. Suggest atleast
six specific reasons for which this fault could occur at any time during a voyage. Can each of these
faults be rectified and how?

10. The exhaust gas economizer, which is coupled to the auxiliary boiler of a ship, invariably catches fire
during the voyage. Suggest two reasons why this should occur and how would you prevent it.
 July 2000
1. Write a letter to the company management representative, explaining how you rectified a faulty Lube
Oil purifier desludging problem.
2. Sketch and describe a high pressure Fuel Oil filter of any make, known to you.
3. Give an outline Sketch of an Auxiliary engine starting air system, showing the safety devices in the
system.
4. Write short notes on the following:
(A) Fusible plugs on Air receiver
(B) Steam traps on condensate lines.
(C) Anti-vibration mountings of auxiliary engines.
(D) Flexible couplings of pumps.
5. An axial piston pump differs from a radial piston pump, as the pistons of an axial piston pump are
positioned _________.
(B) radially from the shaft
(C) parallel to each other and to the shaft
(D) parallel to each other but at a right angle to the shaft
(E) At an angle to each other and to the shaft. Briefly Justify your Answer

10. In reference to air conditioning, when air attains the maximum amount of moisture it can hold at a
specific temperature, it is said to be _____________.
(A) superheated
(B) saturated
(C) condensed
(D) convected. Briefly Justify your Answer

11. Positive displacement, helical gear pumps are well suited for pumping oil because _____________.
(A) stuffing boxes eliminate the leakage problems usually associated with other gear pumps
(B) it is not necessary to closely maintain design clearances this pump
(C) they are essentially self-priming and produce a high suction lift
(D) These pumps are designed with extreme tooth angles. Briefly Justify your Answer

12. The conical steel or composition cone installed on a propeller, known as a fairwater cone, provides
which of the following benefits?
(A) Reduce turbulence
(B) Help with lubrication
(C) Protect against electrolytic corrosion
(D) All of the above. Briefly Justify your Answer

13. It is desirable for an auxiliary boiler safety valve to pop open and reseat quickly to __________.
(A) give warning that excessive boiler pressure has been reached
(B) prevent wire drawing of the disc and seat
(C) prevent valve pounding
(D) provide sufficient blow down. Briefly Justify your Answer

10. The purpose of the programmed purge cycle on an automatically fired auxiliary boiler is to
_______________.
(A) cool the furnace to prevent pre-ignition
(B) remove explosive vapors from the furnace
(C) evaporate accumulated unburned fuel oil
(D) provide sufficient air in the furnace to allow ignition of the fuel. Briefly Justify your
Answer

Answer for Question No. 5 : B; Answer for Question No.6 :B; Answer for Question No.7: C;
Answer for Question No. 8: A; Answer for Question No. 9- B; Answer for Question No. 10 :B
 MARCH 2000
1. Submit a report to the Chief Engineer stating how the fresh water generator output on board your ship
was increased to near optimal values. The report should specifically mention the adjustments,
corrections and improvements executed.

2. Sketch a simple gate valve and state (a) its uses on board ship (b) the materials, which are used in the
valve.

3. Given an outline sketch of a main air receiver and its mountings, explaining their functioning.

4. Write short notes on the following:

(a) Need for draining F.O. Services tanks regularly.
(b) Need to ensure engine control room temperature is correctly maintained.
(c) Need to ensure that service air is kept dry by all means.
(d) To ensure that all guard rails are in place properly secured in the engine room.

5. Explain the following briefly with reference to a domestic refrigeration system on board a ship.
(a) Ingress of air into the freon system.
(b) Loss of freon from a condensor.
(c) Water in the freon system.
(d) Icing of condensor external surface.

6. An engine room crane is used to :

(1) Lift the parts of an engine during overhaul and maintenance.
(2) Turn the crankshaft for crankweb deflection.
(3) Hold the intermediate shaft during drydocking repairs.
(4) Secure the turbocharger in case of severe vibrations.
Which of the statements are false. Give your answer with adequate justification.

7. The engine room telegraph is a

(a) Means of communication between bridge and engine room.
(b) Means of altering engine speed.
(c) Device to alter engines direction of rotation.
(d) Ornamental device for engine room aesthetics.
Explain which of the statements are false. Give your answer with adequate justification.

8. A drinking water circulating pump is

(a) In series with the F.W. hydrophore tank.
(b) In parallel with the F.W. hydrophore tank.
(c) Is used to transfer F.W. from deep tanks to hydrophore tanks.
(d) Is an unnecessary attachment to the hydrophore tank.
Explain which of the statements are true. Give your answer with adequate justification.

9. An exhaust gas economiser has the following functions.

(a) It acts as preheater to the aux-boiler feed.
(b) It acts as superheater to the aux-boiler steam.
(c) Its acts to economize steam by reducing the amount of feed required in the aux-boiler.
(d) It is in place to support the exhaust gas trunking.
Explain which of the statements are true. Give your answers with adequate justification.
10. Briefly state the tests that you would carry out to establish the following in a L.O. Cooler.
(a) A leaky tube
(b) A leaky tube plate
(c) A leaky / eroded separation plate and covers.
(d) A leaky rubber ring at end covers.
 APRIL 2001
1. Give a brief note to the support crew on the virtues of keeping the engine room clean and free from
oil spills and wastage to avoid inviting a deficiency under port state control inspection.

2. Sketch and describe an engine room oil transfer system clearly showing fittings. State types of valves
fitted in the system.

3. Write brief notes on the following:

A. Incinerators; B. air relief valves; C. mixing columns

4. In Vessel construction, beam brackets are triangular plates joining the deck beam to a
_________________.
A. bulkhead
B. frame
C. stanchion
D. deck longitudinal; Briefly Justify Your Answer

5. The cylinders and intercoolers of most low pressure air compressors are cooled by _____________.
A. Water ; B. oil; C. air; D. CO2 ; Briefly Justify Your Answer

6. A one ton air conditioning system has which of the listed operating characteristics?
A. It forces approximately 1000kgs of refrigerant through the evaporator per day.
B. It forces approximately 1000kgs of air per hour across the evaporator coils.
C. Its cooling power equals that of melting approximately 1000kgs of ice per day.
D. It contains approximately 1000kgs of refrigerant. Briefly Justify Your Answer

7. Which of the materials listed is used as the dynamic seal material on mechanical seals installed on
most centrifugal pumps used in water service?
A. Copper; B. Copper and carbon; C. Carbon; D. Bronze. Briefly Justify Your Answer

8. When using a handheld hacksaw, you should apply pressure only on the forward stroke
____________.
A. only when cutting thin wall tubing
B. only when cutting carbon steel
C. only when cutting conduit
D. at all times; Briefly Justify Your Answer

9. An important consideration in selecting lubricating oil for use in a refrigeration compressor is for the
oil to ____________.
A. have a high viscosity index
B. mix readily with refrigerant
C. have a high freezing point
D. have a low pour point; Briefly Justify Your Answer

10. If the intercooler relief valve lifts while an air compressor is operating under load, you should check
for ___________________.
A. a defective pressure switch or pilot valve
B. a leak in the intercooler piping
C. leakage through the low pressure unloader control diaphragm
D. leaking high pressure discharge valves; Briefly Justify Your Answer

Answer for Question No. 4: B; Answer for Question No. 5: C; Answer for Question No. 6: C
Answer for Question No. 7: C; Answer for Question No. 8: D; Answer for Question No. 9: D
Answer for Question No. 10: D
 AUGUST 2001
1. Write a brief note (about 250 words) on a boat and fire drill you have just completed, discussing the
reasons why the life boat engine did not start at all, inspite of all your efforts. Also state the efforts
you made.

2. Write short notes on the following :

(A) Reducing humidity in the accommodation on the air conditioning system
(B) Key factors for optimizing Fresh Water Generator output.

2. Latent heat can be defined as the heat which must be added to a substance in order to change it from a
_____________.
(A) solid to liquid
(B) liquid to vapor
(C) solid to vapor
(D) all of the above; Briefly Justify your Answer

3. The designation "schedule 80 extra strong " refers to ____________.

(A) weight of steel plate
(B) tensile strength of bolts
(C) piping wall thickness
(D) tube bursting strength; Briefly Justify your Answer

4. Tapping threads into a blind hole should be finished by using a ____________.

(A) short tap; (B) taper tap; (C) plug tap; (D) bottoming tap; Briefly Justify your Answer

5. Distilled water from an evaporator may be discharged into a potable water tank _____________.
(A) through a detachable hose connection
(B) after passing through an activated charcoal filter
(C) after chemical analysis shows it is fit for consumption
(D) through a solenoid operated three-way valve; Briefly Justify your Answer

6. The factors that determine the service life of packing in a pump will include which of the following
conditions?
(A) type of pump
(B) condition of the shaft
(C) length of time in use
(D) all of the above; Briefly Justify your Answer

7. Personnel working with refrigeration systems, and subject to the exposure of refgerants should wear
_______________.
(A) face shield
(B) a respirator
(C) rubber gloves
(D) an all purpose gas mask; Briefly Justify your Answer

8. The ability of a metal to be hammered, or rolled out is called its ___________.

(A) Ductibility; (B) elasticity; (C) malleability; (D) fusibility; Briefly Justify your Answer

9. Sketch and describe a domestic refrigeration system, clearly showing the fittings, temperatures at
various points as well as the system piping in the fridge rooms.

Answer for Question No.3:D; Answer for Question No.4:C;Answer for Question No.5:D
Answer for Question No.6:D; Answer for Question No. 7:D;
Answer for Question No.8:A; Answer for Question No. 9: C.
 JANUARY & FEBRUARY 2001

10. Write a note to the Assistant Watch keeping engineer officer telling him to be cautious of a possibly
false bilge alarm that may be a warning of some major leakage.

11. Sketch and describe any non-return type ship side overboard discharge valve. State the components of
the valve and the material it is made off.

12. Sketch any type of fuel oil flow meter used in the engine room and describe the principles on which it
operates, with special emphasis on the measuring variables.

13. Write short notes on the following

(A) Unregulated emission of engine exhaust
(B) Sources of generation of mechanical noise in the engine room
(C) Low pressure cut outs on domestic refrigeration systems

14. One characteristic of a lubricating oil adversely affecting the results of centrifuging is ____________.
(A) high TBN value; (B) low oil flash point; (B) low oil demulsibility
(B) low oil neutralization number; Briefly Justify Your Answer

15. Which of the devices listed prevents water from entering a ship's hull via the propulsion shaft?
(A) Stern tube packing or mechanical shaft seal
(B) Deflector ring and drain
(C) Spring bearings
(D) Oiler rings; Briefly Justify Your Answer

16. With reference to a vessel's structural integrity, the most significant characteristic of a cryogenic
liquid is its ______________.
(A) capability of causing brittle fractures
(B) highly corrosive action on mild steel
(C) vapor cloud which reacts violently with saltwater
(D) toxicity at atmospheric pressure; Briefly Justify Your Answer

17. The heat required to change a substance from a solid to a liquid while at its freezing temperature, is
known as the latent heat of _____________.
(A) Fusion; (B) vaporization; (C) condensation; (D) sublimation; Briefly Justify Your Answer

18. Which of the following problems occurring in a hydraulic system can be caused by the use of an oil
having a viscosity lower than specified?
(A) Seal deterioration
(B) Fast response and hunting
(C) Increased power consumption
(D) Oil film breakdown; Briefly Justify Your Answer

19. The only means of removing the latent heat of condensation from a refrigerant in the normal
refrigeration cycle is by ________.
(A) passing it through the expansion valve
(B) condensing refrigerant in the system condenser
(C) passing the gaseous refrigerant through the heat interchanger on the suction side of the
compressor
(D) maintaining a high pressure on the system's receiver; Briefly Justify Your Answer

Answer for Question No.5:C; Answer for Question No.6:A;Answer for Question No.7:A
Answer for Question No.8:A; Answer for Question No.9:C;Answer for QuestionNo.10:B
 JULY 2001

11. Write a note (about 500 words) to your relieving watch keeping engineer of your watch, on the
problems you are facing in controlling jacket cooling water temperature of the main engine.

12. Sketch and describe a domestic refrigerant system, ‘Condenser’ with all its fittings. State the safety
devices, if any fitted, on the condenser.

13. Write short notes on the following:

A. Screw type sludge pumps; B. Engine room smoke and fire detectors.
14. Which of the following statements represents the main difference between a stuffing box gland and a
mechanical seal for sealing the shaft of a centrifugal pump?
A. Packed stuffing box glands are subject to wear, but mechanical seals are not.
B. Packed stuffing box glands must be cooled by the liquid being pumped, but mechanical seals do
not require cooling.
C. If packing fails, the pump can be kept running temporarily by tightening the gland, but if a
mechanical seal fails it must be totally renewed to stop the leakage.
D. The sealing surface of a mechanical seal is parallel to the shaft, but the sealing surface of a
packed gland is perpendicular to the shaft. Briefly Justify Your Answer

15. In a shell-and-tube type hydraulic fluid cooler, the amount of heat transferred from the hydraulic fluid
to the cooling water depends upon ________________.
A. the temperature of the hydraulic fluid
B. the flow rate of both the cooling water and the hydraulic fluid
C. the temperature of the cooling water; D. all of the above. Briefly Justify Your Answer
16. The presence of scale and dirt on the saltwater side of a lube oil cooler is usually indicated by
___________.
A. clogged lube oil strainers; B. seawater leaking into the lube oil system
B. decreasing lube oil pressure; D. gradually increasing lube oil temperature.
Briefly Justify Your Answer
7. The charging of a refrigerating system should be carried out by adding _____________.
A. refrigerant vapor to the receiver only; B. liquid refrigerant to the low side only
B. liquid refrigerant to the high side only
C. liquid refrigerant to the high or low side. Briefly Justify Your Answer

8. A leaking suction valve in the second stage of a two stage, high pressure, air compressor can cause
excessively high ________________.
A. second stage discharge pressure; B. first stage discharge pressure
B. pressure in the aftercooler; C. compressor final discharge temperature.
Briefly Justify Your Answer

9. Fabric type packing, such as flax or hemp, is best suited for _____________.
A. low temperature use; B. high temperature use; C. use where alignment is critical
B. packing valves with badly grooved stems. Briefly Justify Your Answer

10. Which of the listed problems is occurring if a coil type high pressure evaporator constantly requires
an increase in the coil steam pressure in order to maintain capacity?
A. The brine density is improper; B. Heat transfer surfaces are being layered with scale.
B. Impure distillate is being produced.
C. Shell vapor pressure is constantly decreasing. Briefly Justify Your Answer

Ans for Qs No. 4: C; Ans for Qs No. 5: D; Ans for Qs No. 6: D; Ans for Qs No. 7: C;
Ans for Qs No. 8: B; Ans for Qs No. 9: A; Ans for Qs No. 10: B.
 JUNE 2001

3. Write a brief note (about 250 words) on a boat and fire drill you have just completed, discussing the
reasons why the life boat engine did not start at all, inspite of all your efforts. Also state the efforts
you made.

4. Write short notes on the following :

(A) Reducing humidity in the accommodation on the air conditioning system
(B) Key factors for optimizing Fresh Water Generator output.

5. Latent heat can be defined as the heat which must be added to a substance in order to change it from a
_____________.
(A) solid to liquid
(B) liquid to vapor
(C) solid to vapor
(D) all of the above. Briefly Justify your Answer

6. The designation "schedule 80 extra strong " refers to ____________.

(A) weight of steel plate
(B) tensile strength of bolts
(C) piping wall thickness
(D) tube bursting strength. Briefly Justify your Answer

7. Tapping threads into a blind hole should be finished by using a ____________.

(A) short tap; (B) taper tap; (C) plug tap; (D) bottoming tap.
Briefly Justify your Answer

8. Distilled water from an evaporator may be discharged into a potable water tank _____________.
(A) through a detachable hose connection
(B) after passing through an activated charcoal filter
(C) after chemical analysis shows it is fit for consumption
(D) through a solenoid operated three-way valve.
Briefly Justify your Answer

9. The factors that determine the service life of packing in a pump will include which of the following
conditions?
(A) type of pump
(B) condition of the shaft
(C) length of time in use
(D) all of the above. Briefly Justify your Answer

10. Personnel working with refrigeration systems, and subject to the exposure of refgerants should wear
_______________.
(A) face shield; (B) a respirator; (C) rubber gloves; (D) an all purpose gas mask.
Briefly Justify your Answer

11. The ability of a metal to be hammered, or rolled out is called its ___________.
(A) Ductibility; (B) elasticity; (C) malleability; (D) fusibility.
Briefly Justify your Answer

12. Sketch and describe a domestic refrigeration system, clearly showing the fittings, temperatures at
various points as well as the system piping in the fridge rooms.

Ans for Qs No. 3: D; Ans for Qs No. 4: C; Ans for Qs No. 5: D; Ans for Qs No. 6: D;
Ans for Qs No. 7: D; Ans for Qs No. 8: A; Ans for Qs No. 9: C.
 MARCH 2001

1. Write a brief report on the causes of what you have analysed of a case of Lube Oil Purifier overflow
during your watch.

2. Give an outline sketch of potable drinking water hydphore system complete with water conditioners,
filters, pumps, temperature controller etc., but confine the sketch to the engine room only.

3. Write short notes on the following:

A. Means of removing moisture from domestic fridge system.
B. Fuel oil service tank level gauges
C. Precautions while topping up a fuel oil double bottom tank during bunkering.

2. The terms rough, coarse, bastard, second cut, smooth, and dead smooth refer to the ________.
A. shape of the file; B. coarseness of the file teeth; C. size of the file
B. cuts of the file. Briefly Justify Your Answer

3. A pump is defined as "a device that _____________."

A. produces pressure; B. imparts energy to a fluid to move it from level "A" to level "B"
B. creates a vacuum to move a liquid in all installations
C. is to develop a pressure differential. Briefly Justify Your Answer

4. Restrictions occuring in the small orifices of pneumatic control system components can be caused by
_____________.
A. moisture in the compressed air supply; B. excessive dryness in the compressed air supply
B. pressure surging in the compressed air receiver
C. insufficient lubrication of the system components. Briefly Justify Your Answer

5. The principal purpose of subcooling liquid refrigerant prior to its entering the expansion valve is to
_____________.
A. increase the refrigerating effect by decreasing the amount of flash gas
B. allow the refrigerant to enter the throttling device in a saturated condition
C. increase the refrigerating effect by increasing the amount of flash gas
D. minimize the temperature drop of the liquid as it passes through the solenoid valve to the
outlet side. Briefly Justify Your Answer

6. If a bilge pump is able to develop vacuum, but is unable to sufficiently pump out the bilges, you
would check for ________.
A. the circuit breaker; B. for leaks in the suction piping; C. relief valve is not properly seated
B. the suction strainer. Briefly Justify Your Answer

7. While starting a hydraulic anchor windlass, you observe that hydraulic pressure does not develop in
spite of the proper operation of the electric drive motor. Which of the following actions should you
take FIRST to restore pressure?
A. Make certain that the hydraulic reservoir is filled to the proper level.
B. Inspect the disc brake on the electric motor for proper operation.
C. Check the electric motor for an open overload relay contact.
D. Check for full voltage supply to the electric motor. Briefly Justify Your Answer

8. A primary element used with flow measurement devices highly suitable for liquids containing solids
in suspension, is a ____________.
A. concentric orifice; B. convergent nozzle; C. venturi tube; D. pilot tube. Briefly Justify answer.

Ans for Qs No. 4: B; Ans for Qs No. 5: B; Ans for Qs No. 6: A; Ans for Qs No. 7: A;
Ans for Qs No. 8: A; Ans for Qs No. 9: A; Ans for Qs No. 10: C;
 SEPTEMBER 2001

1. Give instructions, point wise, to your operational staff on the precautions they should take and the
safety measures to be adopted when working on the economizer platform, while out at sea.

2. Sketch and describe a bilge suction strainer of any make or type known to you.

3. Sketch and describe a shipboard potable water supply system, limiting the sketch to the engine room
only.

4. Write short notes on (about 200 words each)

(A) Need for draining main air receivers
(B) Importance of draining fuel oil service tank.

5. A major controlling factor in the location of the condensate return piping from a heating system is the
requirement for a gravity return. What are the fittings in the return cndosate piping which ensure
mostly condensate coming back in to the condensate tank / receives.

6. A first stage unloader installed in a low pressure air compressor is unable to completely retract. This
will result in _________________.
(A) overheating of the discharge valve
(B) loss of moisture in the air charge in the receiver
(C) frequent lifting of the intercooler relief valve
(D) an abnormally low intercooler pressure. Briefly justify your Answer

7. The heat removed from the refrigerant in the condenser of a refrigeration plant is the _____________.
(A) latent heat of expansion; (B) sensible heat of condensation; (C) heat of compression;
(B) all of the above. Briefly justify your Answer

8. Excessive leakage and premature failure of valve packing is a result of ____________.

(A) opening a valve too quickly; (B) jamming a valve in the closed position
(B) low pressure fluid flow through the pipeline; (D) a scored valve stem
Briefly justify your Answer

9. A common problem may be encountered by using an oil having a viscosity higher than that specified
for an operating hydraulic systems increased power consumption. What other problems can be
encountered by using an oil of higher viscosity?

10. Water leaking from a pump packing gland is kept away from the bearing housing by the use of
______________.
(A) shaft sleeves
(B) lantern rings
(C) water defectors
(D) water seals. Briefly justify your Answer

Ans For Qs No. 6: D; Ans For Qs No. 7: C; Ans For Qs No. 8: D; Ans For Qs No. 10: C.
 AUGUST 2002

1. With reference to rotary vane steering gears:

(a) Describe, with the aid of a sketch, how such a unit incorporates an integral rudder carrier;
(b) Explain how vertical rudder movement is accommodated.

2. Discuss the following types of material failure :-

(a) Fatigue; (b) Creep

3. State with reasons the principal causes of fire in accommodation and service spaces while at sea and
in port.

4. (a) (i) Sketch a cascade control system.

(ii) Explain the operation of this cascade system.
(b) State the reasons for using a cascade control system in preference to other methods.
(c) Explain why the controller settings on the main loop of a cascade control system differ from those
on the sub loop.

5. (a) Describe the reverse osmosis system for the production of drinking water on board the ships.
(b) state-
(i) pre-treatment used with RO equipment.
(ii) The post -treatment necessary.
(c) List its advantages compared with a low-pressure evaporator.

6. Explain why inter-cooler is fitted to air compressors. How often are they tested and how is this done?
Is it possible to run such a compressor without its inter-cooler, and what would be the effect of this?

7. With reference to auxiliary diesel engine machinery:

(a) (i) State why this may be mounted on resident mountings.
(ii) State why such mounting have great flexibility;
(b) state why limit stops are provided; State how the external piping is connected.

8. In engine rooms that are operated under UMS conditions describe with the aid of sketches how the
following are monitored:
(a) The perforation of a high pressure fuel pipe.
(b) The imminence or possibility of a scavenge fire.
(c) Condition that may be conductive to a crankcase explosion.

9. The amount of fuel oil atomized by a return flow oil burner is directly controlled by the
____________.
(A) header supply valve
(B) burner root valve
(C) oil micrometer valve
(D) fuel oil back pressure . Briefly Justify Your Answer

10. Fuses are rated in _____________.

(A) voltage
(B) amperage
(C) interrupting capacity
(D) all the above. Briefly Justify Your Answer

Answer for Question No. 9: D; Answer for Question No. 10: D;

 EMERGENCY SET 1 2002

1. Write a letter to the company management representative, explaining how you rectified a faulty main
air compressor lubrication problem.

2. Sketch and describe a Low Pressure Fuel Oil filter of any make, known to you.

3. Give an outline sketch of an Auxiliary engine Lube Oil system, showing the safety devices in the
system.

4. Write short notes on the following:

(C) Bilge suction strainers
(D) Air line filter
(E) The engine room telegraph
(F) Water tight doors

14. The pressure produced within the oil wedge of a rotating journal is ____________.
(A) the same as the pressure in the lubricating system
(B) less than the pressure in the lubricating system
(C) greater than the pressure in the lubricating system
(D) highest at the oil groove location. Briefly Justify your Answer.

15. Which of the main shaft segments listed below, that are connected with the main engine, are coupled
to the tail shaft flange?
(A) Thrust shaft; (B) Stern-tube shaft; (C) Intermediate shaft; (B) Crank shaft.
Briefly Justify your Answer

16. Piping cross-sections over 30 cm in diameter are sized by the __________.

(A) inside diameter. (B) wall thickness; (C) outside diameter; (D) threaded diameter.
Briefly Justify your Answer

17. The ambient heat in an engine room which is identified by only a change in temperature is known as
____________.
(A) sensible heat; (B) latent heat; (C) total heat; (D) residual heat. Briefly Justify your Answer

18. The usual number of single-acting pistons used in a variable stroke axial-piston pump used for
steering gears is _____________.
(A) 3 or 5
(B) 5 or 7
(C) 7 or 9
(D) 9 or 11. Briefly Justify your Answer

11. Heavy soot accumulations in an auxiliary boiler could be caused by _____________.

(A) water in the fuel oil
(B) excessive cycling
(C) high fuel oil pressure
(D) improper burner maintenance. Briefly Justify your Answer.

Ans for Qs No. 5- C; Ans for Qs No. 6- C; Ans for Qs No. 7- C; Ans for Qs No. 8- A; Ans for Qs No. 9-
C; Ans for Qs No. 10- D.
 EMERGENCY SET 2 2002

1. (a) What are the various safety trips provided in a domestic refrigeration system?
(b) Sketch any one such device and explain its functioning?

2. (a) State differences between a purifier & a clarifier?

(b) What factors govern the efficiency of purification?

(c) What steps will be taken, if purifier fails to desludge?

3. Define the following, giving mathematical expression & corresponding graph to explain the actions
of controller:
(a) Proportional action
(b) Integral action
(c) Derivative action

4. Write short notes on:

(a) Annealing
(b) Case Hardening
(c) Non Destructive Test

5. (a) What is NPSH ? What is the effect of temperature changes on the NPSH?
(b) Why priming is required for centrifugal pumps?
(c) Draw an air priming pump, describing its principle?

6. (a) What do you understand by ‘Boiler Mountings’?

(b) List various mountings normally found on an aux. boiler generating low pressure steam.

(c) Briefly explain their location & purpose?

7. With outline sketches, describe following types of flow in a heat exchanger:

(a) Parallel flow
(b) Mixed flow
Give two examples of each type of their use on board?

8. What are the properties that are required for lubricating oils used for:
(b) Hydraulic Machinery
(c) Refrigeration machinery
(d) Turbine oil in turbo chargers

9. (a) Sketch a self-cleaning filter and describe its operation.

(b) Explain why the quality of filtration is directly related to oil flow rate.
(c) State advantages/ disadvantages of this filter in comparison to basket type of filter.

10. Differentiate between a gate valve and a globe valve with the help of a simple sketch. State their
applications on board.
 JULY 2002
1. With reference to passenger ships discuss the following basic principles adopted as fire safety
measures:
(a) Separation of accommodation spaces from the remainder of the ship by thermal and structural
boundaries.
(b) Protection of means of escape.

2. (a) Describe TWO methods of tracing a superficial crack in a marine machinery component.
(b) Explain how propagation of a crack in a machinery component can be arrested.

3. (a) Make a detailed sketch of a Direct Expansion Two Room Refrigeration system.
(b) Give a full description of such a Refrigeration System, explaining the purpose of the relevant
control and safety devices.

4. Define briefly the construction details peculiar to each of the following types of closure that enables
their primary function to be fully realised:
(a) Water tight doors,
(b) Fire proof doors,
(c) Gas tight doors,
(d) State why (a) can perform and function of (b) and (c) are restricted solely to their primary function.

5. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the single-coil type and the straight-tube type of inter-
cooler for air compressor? Why are the tubes and coils generally made of copper?

6. Sketch an inertia governor as fitted to some main propulsion engines. Explain how it operates. Define
its limitations.

7. (a) Describe the effects of fresh water feed on auxiliary boilers.

(b) Describe the measures taken to reduce these effects.
(c) State how generated steam conditions influence the control of boiler water and feed condition.

8. If a radial piston hydraulic pump fails to deliver rated fluid volume, the cause can be
_______________.
(E) contaminated fluid
(F) pitted thrust rings
(G) worn pintle bearings
(H) obstructed suctions passage. Briefly Justify your Answer

9. A fluctuating and unsteady vacuum in an evaporator may be caused by _____________.

(a) wet steam entering the air ejector nozzle
(b) pinhole leaks in the evaporator tube nests
(c) rapid scaling on the evaporator tube nests
(d) high water levels in the last effect. Briefly Justify your Answer

2. A generator has been exposed to water and is being checked for its safe operation. Therefore, it is
necessary to _______________.
(a) check for shorted coils with a explosimeter.
(b) take moisture readings with a hydrometer
(c) test insulation values with a megger
(d) ground the commutator, or slip rings and run it at half load. Briefly Justify your Answer

Ans for Qs No. 8: D; Ans for Qs No. 9: A; Ans for Qs No. 10: C.
 SEPTEMBER 2002

1. Sketch an automatic sprinkler system for combating fire in passenger spaces on a ship and state –
(a) The safety devices incorporated in the system.
(b) How the system is charged?
(c) The parameters governing the volume of the pressure tank.
(d) Means provided to prevent the passage of seawater into the pressure tank.

2. An auxiliary boiler water level control system has a differential pressure transmitter as the detecting
element for water level.
(a) Sketch and describe such an arrangement.
(b) If the transmitter was damaged describe how a replacement unit would be calibrated.

3. Describe the following metallurgical tests and explain why EACH is carried out:
(a) Impact tests; (b) Endurance tests; (c) Tensile tests; (d) Hardness tests.

4. (a) Describe a central cooling system for a motor ship.

(b) State the possible causes of corrosion in the closed system described in (a).
(c) Explain how protections can be provided against corrosion in the closed system for a motor ship.
(i) By design;
(i) By use of chemicals.
(d) Compare central cooling with conventional seawater circulation of coolers for main engine
cooling.
5. (a) For freon-22 vapor compression refrigeration machine, state how each of the following faults are
indicated and how they are remedied.
(i) Air in the system; (ii) Moisture in the system; (iii) Undercharge; (iv) Overcharge.
(b) Describe with a diagram detailing the devices incorporated into the refrigeration system to protect
the machinery and equipment against malfunction.

6. Sketch a semi balanced rudder of your choice showing :-

(a) A detail of the hinges or pintels about which rudder turns.
(b) Details of the rudder carrier ring, which supports the weight of the rudderstock and rudder.
(c) State advantages of semi balanced rudder over an unbalanced rudder.
(d) What acts as “rudder stops”? What is their purpose and at what angle from mid position would
you expect the rudder stops to be set.

7. Sketch a sealing arrangement for an oil lubricated stern tube; and –

(a) Identify the common forms of seal failure.
(b) State how oil loss due to seal failure can be restricted whilst on passage?
(c) What is the material used for sealing rings and propeller shaft liner?

8. (a) Sketch a screw displacement pump and explain its operation

(b) State the factors which affect its efficiency.

9. The sea water in bilge, ballast and circulating systems promotes corrosion and erosion. Each system is
also a potential source of flooding. Explain how these factors are taken into consideration with regard
to the following:
(a) Materials used for shipside sea water inlet valves;
(b) Materials used for pipe systems;

10. (a) Explain why the properties of mild steel make it suitable for many marine engineering purposes.
(b) State the effects of increasing the carbon content of plain carbon steel.
(c) Give TWO instances where the physical properties of steel are modified by alloying, giving
reasons for this modification.
 APRIL 2003

1. Expand the abbreviation COW and write a note (in about 250 words), to the superintending engineer
of your company on the benefits of having a COW system on your crude carrier

2. An inverted gate valve (stem pointing downward) may be subject to wear sooner than a similar valve
installed in the upright position because ______________.
(A) the gate's full weight is upon the stem
(B) the gland stud nuts are under more pressure
(C) sediment collects in the bonnet
(D) the packing will not properly adhere to the stem
Briefly Justify Your Answer

3. After installing a new centrifugal pump in a cooling water system, what special attention should be
given to the system?
A. System
B. Pump
C. Relief Valves
D. Power Supply
Briefly Justify Your Answer

4. With respect to refrigeration compressors suggest reasons for the following:

A. Short cycling
B. Provision of a back pressure valve
C. Frosting on the suction side

5. How do structural welds in the engine room fail? Briefly state the causes of any two types of failures
you are aware of.

6. Discuss atleast two methods of cathodic protection of ships hull.

(i) Sacrificial Anode System.
(ii) Impressed Current System.

7. Discuss the effects of EACH of the following conditions on the maintenance schedule of multi-
tubular heat exchangers using sea water as the cooling medium:
A. Low water velocity in the tubes;
B. Wasted sacrificial anodes;
C. Fluid medium of varying viscosity;
D. Structural vibration of cooler fasteners and support

8. With reference to rotary vane steering gears, explain the principle of operation, by illustrations and
sketches

9. Draw a line diagram of a complete feed water system for an auxiliary boiler, labelling all the principal
items and showing the direction of flow in all lines.

10. Sketch a simple auxiliary air (7 kg / cm2) system used for supplying service air.
Explain the importance and purpose of each fitting.
 AUGUST 2003

1. (a) Outline the laboratory tests that are carried out on specimens of steel for ship’s plate.
(b) Explain the significance of EACH of the tests described in (a).

2. With reference to electric arc welding:-

(a) Draw a labeled sectional sketch of a satisfactory butt weld.
(b) Briefly define the following defects that may occur and how they may have been caused-
(i) Under cut
(ii) Splatter
(iii) Inclusion
(iv) Blow hole
(v) Incomplete root penetration
(vi) Lack of fusion
(c) Why is alternating current generally more popular then direct current for metal arc welding?

3. (a) Sketch a hunting gear as fitted to a hydraulic steering gear, labelling the principal items.
(b) Explain the purpose of the hunting gear.
(c) State how worn pins in the hunting gear effect steering gear operation.

4. With reference to a mixed flow tube and shell heat exchanger:

(a) state, with reasons, the metals used in the manufacture of the following components:
(i) tubes;
(ii) tube plates;
(iii) shell, water boxes and covers.

5. With reference to a pneumatic relay incorporating a nozzle and a flapper:

(a) State the reason for the restrictor.
(b) Describe how the flapper is kept within the operating limits of the device.
(c) State what is meant by proportional band.
(d) State the advantages of fitting a valve positioner to a control valve.

6. If the pointer fails to return to zero when a megger is disconnected, the_____________.

(A) pointer is stuck
(B) hair springs are burned out
(C) megger is out of calibration
(D) megger is operating normally
Briefly Justify Your Answer

7. Define and explain the provisions provided to reduce the effect on the ship of the following:
(a) Painting (b) Pounding (c) Racking (d) Vibrations in engine and propeller.

8. (a) Sketch and describe a simple I. G. system provided on tankers.

(b) Describe a pressure / vacuum breaker, deckseal.

9. (a) Explain the uses, construction and location of thrust bearings.

(b) What are the clearances provided in a thrust block?
(c) What are the indications and causes of improper running of thrust block?

10. Briefly describe and give advantages and disadvantages for the following types of intermediate shaft
bearing:
(a) Plain white metal bearings. (b) Tilting pad bearings. (c) Roller bearings.

Answer for Question No. 6 Correct Answer : D

 DECEMBER 2003

1) With reference to lifeboats, describe:

a) a handbrake used for lowering and state how it is tested;
b) the centrifugal brake and the method of testing.

2. (a) Sketch a block diagram showing a bridge control system for propeller pitch, engine speed and
load.

3. Sketch an oil tanker cargo pumping system, which incorporates a centrifugal cargo pump, and

vacuum stripping.

4. (a) With reference to an emergency generator state:

(i) Its location;
(ii) Methods of automatic starting;
(iii) The time available for starting and connection of power to switchboard
(iv)Angles of heel and trim up to which it must be capable of operating;
(v) The length of time it must be cable of supplying emergency power.

5. (a) Describe the reverse osmosis system for the production of drinking water on board the ships.
(d) state-
(iii) pre-treatment used with RO equipment.
(iv) The post -treatment necessary.
6. (a) State the meaning of the following and explain the process involved: -
(i) Re-Crystallization.
(ii) Grain growth.
(iii) Carbon case hardening.
(iv) Nitriding.
(v) Flame hardening.

7. With reference to electric arc welding:-

(d) Draw a labeled sectional sketch of a satisfactory butt weld.
(e) Briefly define the following defects that may occur and how they may have been caused-
(vii) Under cut
(viii) Splatter
(ix) Inclusion
(x) Blow hole
(xi) Incomplete root penetration
(xii) Lack of fusion

8. (a) With reference to refrigerated hold spaces describe using simple sketches:
(i) A tween deck scupper;
(ii) An insulated brine pipe passing through a watertight bulkhead;

9. The "Uni-concept", i.e. the common auxillary systems for a two stroke main engine and four
stroke auxillary engine in respect cooling water are being installed on modem ships.
Describe with a simple diagram a "Central Cooling System" of a motor ship statingthe design features
and working principle while the vessel is at sea and In port.

10. Sketch an auxiliary boiler 'blow down' valve. Explain how it differs from its shipside counterpart.
 JULY 2003

1. Submit a report to the Chief Engineer stating how the fresh water generator output on board your ship
was increased to near optimal values. The report should specifically mention the adjustments,
corrections and improvements executed.

2. With reference to corrosion processes:

Explain the mechanism of:
(i) Stress corrosion;
(ii) Corrosion fatigue.

3. (a) Sketch a water –tight door and frame showing manner of attachment to bulkhead and the
additional reinforcement carried by the bulkhead to compensate for the aperture.
(b) Explain how water –tightness of the door and frame mating surface is ensured with an hydrostatic
pressure tending to force the faces apart.
(c) Describe the means of remote closing operation of the door and state how many closing stations
there are and their position.

4. With reference to electric arc welding:-

(f) Draw a labeled sectional sketch of a satisfactory butt weld.
(g) Briefly define the following defects that may occur and how they may have been caused-
(xiii) Under cut
(xiv) Splatter
(xv) Inclusion
(xvi) Blow hole
(xvii) Incomplete root penetration
(xviii) Lack of fusion

5. Write short notes on the following:

(a) Need for draining F.O. Services tanks regularly.
(b) Need to ensure engine control room temperature is correctly maintained.
(c) Need to ensure that service air is kept dry by all means.
(d) To ensure that all guard rails are in place properly secured in the engine room.

6. Explain the following briefly with reference to a domestic refrigeration system on board a ship.
(a) Ingress of air into the freon system.
(b) Loss of freon from a condensor.
(c) Water in the freon system.
(d) Icing of condensor external surface.

7. Sketch and describe a contra flow type heat exchanger for the auxiliary engine applications.

8. Make a diagrammatic sketch of an exhaust gas boiler. Describe its construction and explain how it is
maintained in an efficient condition.

9. State the purpose for which compressed air may be used in the machinery spaces of a motorship and
explain the associated hazards if suitable operational and maintenance procedures are not followed in
each case.

10. (a) Sketch and describe a fuel oil viscosity control system.
(b) If the viscosity measurement were found to be suspect. Suggest possible means of calibration of
the instrument.
 JUNE2003

1. With reference to alkaline batteries used on board ship, state:

(a) The significance of the specific gravity reading of the electrolyte;
(b) When the electrolyte would normally be renewed;
(c) The reasons why the voltage reading of this type of battery is not necessarily indicative of its
condition;
(d) The normal temperature range for correct operation of a battery and the safe upper temperature
limit;
(e) The effects of high and low temperatures.

2. With reference to hydraulically operated watertight doors:

(a) Sketch a typical hydraulic circuit of such an arrangement, identifying the key components
(a) Explain how it may be ascertained:
(i) That the door de-wedging force is not excessive;
(ii)That the motor torque is adequate for the duty.

3. State, with reasons, the causes of fatigue cracking of engineering components.

(a) State, with reasons, how material and design defects can influence fatigue life.
(b) With reference to engine bed plate transverse girders explain how the incidence of fatigue
cracking can be minimized.

4. State how the following affect ship structures and what component
parts of the ship structure help to resist the effect-
(a) Water pressure effect
(b) Local weights
(c) Vibration from engine and propellers.

5. The amount of fuel oil atomized by a return flow oil burner is directly controlled by the
____________.
(a) header supply valve
(b) burner root valve
(c) oil micrometer valve
(d) fuel oil back pressure
6. Name and briefly describe the various types of coupling or clutches used on auxiliary
machinery in the engine room ?

7. Briefly describe the most common forms of air compressor inter-coolers, and state
how they are arranged.

8. Sketch a semi balanced rudder of your choice showing :-

(e) A detail of the hinges or pintels about which rudder turns.
(f) Details of the rudder carrier ring, which supports the weight of the rudderstock and rudder.

9. State why the presence of oil in boiler water is considered serious.Suggest likely sources of oil

Contamination. Describe how the source is traced. Describe how the whole steam plant is restored to oil

free conditions.

10. (a) Describe, with the aid of a sketch, the operation of a thermostatic expansion valve fitted to a
provisions refrigeration system. (b) Explain how the valve in (a) is installed and set up.
Question 5 : Correct Answer :D
 MARCH 2003

1. With reference to a lifeboat gravity davit arrangement:

(a) Sketch the arrangement showing the lifeboat both in the housed position and at its maximum
point of outboard travel;
(b) Describe the lowering and the raising of the lifeboat stating the safety features and the velocities
involved.

2. With reference to centrifugal pumps :

(a) sketch typical discharge characteristics showing variation of throughput as discharge head and
speeds are altered;
(b) Explain why this characteristics profile is desirable;

3. With reference to automatic control terminology, define and clarify the following :-
(a) Desired value
(b) Measured value
(c) Set value
(d) Deviation

4. The "Uni. -Concept", i.e. the common auxiliary system for a two stroke main engine and four-stroke
auxiliary engine in respect of fuel oil and cooling water are being installed on modern ships.
(a) Discuss the purpose of making such common systems on board ships;
(b) Describe with a detailed diagram a "Central Cooling System" of a motor ship stating the design
features and working principle while the vessel is at sea and in port.

5. Define the following stating how they affect the ship structure and what component parts of the ship
structure help to resist the effect-
(d) Racking
(e) Water pressure effect
(f) Panting
(g) Pounding

6. Briefly describe the factors contributing to the deterioration of the following-

(a) Stern frames
(b) Air compressor
(c) Main gearing reduction pinion

7. Reverse osmosis is the modern alternative for shipboard production of drinking water.
(a) Describe, using simple diagrams where necessary, the principles of reverse osmosis.
(b) Describe, with the aid of a line diagram, a single pass reverse osmosis system for producing fresh
water from sea water.

8. Expain why, bottom end adjustment does not affect 'bumping' clearance.
Explain why in multi-stage, single crank compressors it is not sufficient to simply adjust the "bumping"
clearance in one stage alone.

9. Sketch in detail a section through a hydraulic governor as fitted to medium speed unidirectional
engines. Explain how it operates under frequent and wide load changes.

10. With reference to electro-hydraulic steering gears:

(a) Explain in terms of control parlance the function of the "Hunting gear"
(b) Explain the consequences if the standby pumping unit is motored;
 OCTOBER 2003

1. Answer the following in relation to automatic control:

(a) What does reset time mean?
(b) What is steady state deviation? In the system of steady state deviation, what is the case called
when the input is made in a stepped manner?
(c) Explain `fail set' and `fail safe' giving examples.

2. Sketch in detail a propeller nut of pilgrim design.

3. (a) Draw a line diagram of the engine room section of a bilge system for a passenger or cargo
vessel including the connection of oily-water separator; label the principle items.
(b) State-
(i) What type of valves are fitted in the bilge system and why? State the material of
construction of the valves.
(ii) The means used in passenger vessel to reduce flooding risk by way of bilge system in the
event of collision.
(iii) The type of pump ideally used to discharge through the oily-water separator.

4. With reference to electric arc welding:-

(h) Draw a labeled sectional sketch of a satisfactory butt weld.
(i) Why is alternating current generally more popular then direct current for metal arc welding?

5. Sketch and describe the various types of arrangements used for joining pipes of following type
on board ships
i) Small bore size; ii) Medium bore sizes

6. Name a few types of filter used in the engine room. Sketch atleast two types and indicate, how
they perform with reference to the medium used

7. (a) List the advantages of multi-stage air compression with inter cooling compared with single stage
compression.
(b) Explain the faults which may be encountered during overhaul of the L.P. stage and indicate how
they may be rectified.

8. Sketch and describe any SDNR Globe valve that you are familiar with.

9. When replacing ball bearings on an electric motor shaft, you should _____________.
(a) tap the outer race with a mallet
(b) apply even pressure to the outer race
(c) apply even force to the inner race
(d) apply pressure evenly to both the inner and outer races
State why you selected a particular option and did not consider the rest giving reason for non
acceptance.

10. The zipper of an immersion suit should be lubricated with _____________.

(a) paraffin
(b) oil
(c) graphite
(d) vegetable oil
Briefly justify your answer .

Q8. Correct Answer : D; Q9. Correct Answer : C; Q10. Correct Answer : A.

 SEPTEMBER 2003

1. Explain the following terms and give examples of where each condition might occur : -
(a) Stress Corrosion cracking
(b) Creep cracking
(c) Corrosion fatigue.

2. (a) (i) Sketch a combustion gas system, suitable for inerting the cargo spaces of vessel.
(ii) Describe the operation of this system.
(b) State the percentage analysis by volume of the inert gas generated by the system in (a).

3. Severe pitting has been detected in way of the tube to tube plate connection on a waste heat boiler.
(a) State the reasons for such pitting
(b) State, with reasons, the action to be taken in order to enable safe operation of the boiler to
continue.
(c) Explain how the incidence of future pitting can be minimized.

4. (a) Describe how EACH of the following boiler water conditions are controlled:
(i) Alkalinity; (ii) Phosphate reserve; (iii) Oxygen content.
(b) Explain why it is necessary to maintain EACH if the conditions in (a) within close limits.

5. Certain forces are set up in hydraulic coupling when they are transmitting torque. How do these

forces come about and how are they balanced?

6. (a) Explain why a Spectacle Frame and Boss Plates are fitted to twin screw ships.
(b) Make a simple sketch of a Spectacle Frame showing how it is attached to the ship structure and to
the Boss Plates.
7. Give a general description of a three-stage air compressor. State the effect on the readings of the

stage discharge pressure gauges of the following:-

(a) L P. Discharge valves leaking. (b) M. P. suction valve leaking. (c) H. P. discharge valve leaking.

8. An insulation resistance test is performed on a particular piece of electric equipment. In addition to

the resistance reading, what information listed below should be entered in the electrical log?

(a) The maximum allowable operating temperature of the machine.

(a) The temperature of the machine at the time the resistance reading was taken.
(b) The normal temperature rise of the machine.
(c) The complete name plate data from the resistance test instrument used to obtain the reading.

9. When removing the cap from a sounding tube on a MODU, the sound of air escaping indicates

_______________.(a) the tank is full; (b) the tank may be partially flooded; (c) the tank level has

dropped . (d)the tank is completely flooded

Q8. Correct Answer : B; Q9. Correct Answer : B.

 APRIL 2004

3. With reference to tankers discuss the following basic principles adopted as fire safety measures:
(c) Separation of accommodation spaces from the remainder of the ship by thermal and structural
boundaries.
(d) Protection of means of escape.

4. (a) Describe TWO methods of tracing a superficial crack in a casting used as a engine component .
(b) Explain how propagation of a crack in a machinery component can be arrested.

5. (a) Make a detailed sketch of a Ships domestic refrigeration system .

(b) Give a full description of such a Refrigeration System, explaining the purpose of the relevant
control and safety devices.

6. Define briefly the construction details peculiar to each of the following types of closure that enables
their primary function to be fully realised:
(a) Water tight doors,
(b) Fire proof doors,
(c) Gas tight doors,

7. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the single-coil type and the straight-tube type of inter-
cooler for air compressor? Why are the tubes and coils generally made of copper?

8. Sketch an inertia governor as fitted to some main propulsion engines. Explain how it operates. Define
its limitations.

9. (a) Describe the effects of fresh water feed on auxiliary boilers.

(b) Describe the measures taken to reduce these effects.
(c) State how generated steam conditions influence the control of boiler water and feed condition.

10. If a radial piston hydraulic pump fails to deliver rated fluid volume, the cause can be
_______________.
(I) contaminated fluid
(J) pitted thrust rings
(K) worn pintle bearings
(L) obstructed suctions passage
Briefly Justify your Answer

11. A fluctuating and unsteady vacuum in an evaporator may be caused by _____________.

(a) wet steam entering the air ejector nozzle
(b) pinhole leaks in the evaporator tube nests
(c) rapid scaling on the evaporator tube nests
(d) high water levels in the last effect
Briefly Justify your Answer

12. A generator has been exposed to water and is being checked for its safe operation. Therefore, it is
necessary to _______________.
(e) check for shorted coils with a explosimeter.
(a) take moisture readings with a hydrometer
(f) test insulation values with a megger
(g) ground the commutator, or slip rings and run it at half load
Briefly Justify your Answer
 FEBRUARY 2004

1. Sketch in detail a Sewage System of the chemically treated, recirculatory and holding type.

2. Write brief notes on each of following:

(i) Work hardening ; (ii) Nitriding; (iii) Cold working.

3. Compare a pressure jet burner to a steam atomizer with particular reference to automatic
combustion control and combustion efficiency.

4. With reference to an emergency generator state:Its location;

(vi) Methods of automatic starting;

(vii) The time available for starting and connection of power to switchboard
(viii) Angles of heel and trim up to which it must be capable of operating;
(ix) The length of time it must be cable of supplying emergency power.

5. With reference to electric arc welding:-

(j) Draw a labeled sectional sketch of a satisfactory butt weld.
(k) Briefly define the following defects that may occur and how they may have been caused-
(xix) Under cut; (ii) Splatter; (iii) Inclusion; (iv) Blow hole; (v) Incomplete root penetration;
(vi) Lack of fusion
(l) Why is alternating current generally more popular then direct current for metal arc welding?

6. With reference to a centrifugal pump;

(a) sketch a typical discharge characteristics showing variation of throughput as discharge head is
altered.
(b) explain the method by which the discharge characteristic may be obtained;
(c) state the relevance of the discharge characteristic in relation to selection of the fire pump or cargo
pump for a ship.
7. Draw a simple line diagram of the bow of a ship to show the position of the following component

parts of the ships anchoring system: Hawse pipe, Cable stopper, Windlass and Cable lifter, Spurling

pipe and Chain locker.

8. State why it is desirable to install a hydraulic governor on engines producing auxiliary or motive

power rather than a purely mechanical one.

9. A burner producing black smoke in an automatic auxiliary boiler, would be caused by a/an
______________.
(a) incorrect electrode setting
(b) defective solenoid valve
(c) grounded high tension lead
(d) incorrect primary air setting. Briefly justify your answer

10. In any diesel engine closed freshwater cooling system, the lowest pressure exists at the _

(a) jacket water outlet ; (b) cooling water pump outlet; (c) heat exchanger outlet
(b) expansion tank atmospheric vent, Briefly justify your answer
 JANUARY 2003

1. Sketch a double acting reciprocating positive displacement pump. Indicate on your diagram the
direction of flow of fluid for one stroke of them pump.

2. a) Draw line diagram of E/R suction of bilge system for passenger or cargo vessel labeling
the items.
b) State
(i) why non return valves are fitted
(ii) the means used in passenger vessels
(iii) to reduce flooding risks by the way of bilge system in the event of collision.

3. a) Sketch a line diagram of a central priming system

b) Describe the system
c) State the advantages of the system

4. Sketch an out board type oil seal suitable for oil filled stern tube, indicating the principle
components.

5. Make detailed sketch of direct expansion two room refrigeration system.

6. With aid of simple sketch explain the operation of basic air conditioning unit with
reference to your sketch. Explain the following .
(a) How the problem of increased in humidity of cool air is over come
(b) How discomfort caused by excessive drying effect of heated air is over come.

7. A Biological sewage system develops a fault which necessitates opening the unit for repair detail.
a) The risks associated with opening the unit
b) The precautions taken to reduce the risk

8. The burner assembly on an automatically fired auxiliary boiler fitted with variable capacity,
pressure atomizing burners, maintains steam pressure by ______________.
(e) cycling on and off
(f) changing fuel oil return pressure
(g) changing the speed of a rotary cup
(h) varying air pressure supplied to the nozzle
9. An insulation resistance test is performed on a particular piece of electric equipment. In addition
to the resistance reading, what information listed below should be entered in the electrical log?
(a) The maximum allowable operating temperature of the machine.
(b) The temperature of the machine at the time the resistance reading was taken.
(c) The normal temperature rise of the machine.
(d) The complete name plate data from the resistance test instrument used to obtain the
reading.

10. When replacing ball bearings on an electric motor shaft, you should _______________.
(a) tap the outer race with a mallet
(b) apply even pressure to the outer race
(c) apply even force to the inner race
(d) apply pressure evenly to both the inner and outer races

Q8. Correct Answer : B; Q9. CorrectAnswer : B; Q10. Correct Answer : C

 JULY 2003

1. With regard to a reciprocating refrigerator compressor:

(a) Sketch the mechanical shaft seal showing its component parts and how it is lubricated.
(b) Describe the sealing arrangement stating the materials used for the component parts;
(c) State the effect on the environment of the release of refrigerants into the atmosphere.
2. (a) Sketch a line diagram showing a typical ‘Inert Gas System’ used for inerting the cargo tanks
of oil tankers, labeling the component parts.
(b) Describe the system.
(c) State what oxygen content you would expect in the flue gases if good combustion is achieved.
3. With reference to electric arc welding:-
(m)Draw a labeled sectional sketch of a satisfactory butt weld.
(n) Why is alternating current generally more popular then direct current for metal arc welding?
4. (a) Sketch a nozzle/flapper device used for the generation of a pneumatic signal, labeling
the component parts.
(b) Describe the operation of the device in(a) above.
5. Sketch an auxiliary boiler 'blow down' valve. Explain how it differs from its shipside counterpart.
Describe the sequence of 'blow down' procedure.

6. Explain the necessity of maintaining a steady value of fuel oil viscously. Describe the action of
an automatic device for control of viscosity.
7. A controllable pitch propeller on a diesel driven vessel eliminates the need for __________.
(a) Friction clutches
(b) Disconnect clutches
(c) Reversing gears
(d) Reduction gears
Explain the working of CPP in brief.

8. Describe with the aid of suitable graph, the discharge characteristics of a centrifugal pump.
Explain why it does not require a relief valve.
9. Sketch a low sea suction sea water inlet chest, complete with filter and other fillings. State the
purpose of each filter.

10. The amount of oil atomized by the return flow variable capacity atomizer, used with some
automatically fired boilers, is controlled by the _______________.
(i) amount of air admitted to the atomizer
(j) oil pressure in the oil return line
(k) quantity of oil delivered by the service pump
(l) proportioning device in the atomizer fuel valve
 JUNE 2003

1. What parts of a boiler would normally be damaged first by shortage of water

(a) When fires are banked or dampers closed, and
(b) When the boiler is hard at work?
Describe the probable damage and the method of repair to be adopted in each case.
2. (a) Sketch a four-ram steering gear arrangement capable of 100% redundancy.
(b) Describe the operation of the arrangement sketched in (a).
3. Describe the changes which take place within a lead-acid battery during discharge and when charging
is taking place.
4. Sketch a low sea suction Sea Water inlet Chest, complete with filter and other fittings.
State the purpose of such a filter.
5. (a) Sketch the arrangement of rudder stock, bearings, glands and method of suspension of a pintleless
rudder, labeling the components parts.
(b) State how the bearing wear down is measured and what prevents the rudder from jumping.

6. The pneumatic controller for the jacket water cooling system is found to be defective. It is decided
that a similar controller performing intermittent duty can replace the faulty one. Describe the
adjustment that would have to be made to optimize the controller for its new duty.
7. With regard to the carriage of crude oil and its associated products:
Sketch an explosimeter suitable for testing pump rooms or tanks, and give a brief description of the

operation of this explosimeter.

8. Short cycling of a refrigeration compressor refers to _____________.

(E) frequently cutting out on over load.
(F) frequently starting and stopping
(G) running too fast
(H) running too slow

Briefly Justify your Answer

9. With reference to main air reservoirs:

(a) Give a line sketch of the manner in which mountings are attached to the shell,
(b) Explain why regular internal inspection is advisable,

10. Which of the following statements concerning antifriction bearings installed on pumps is true?
(A) The inner race should be free to turn on the shaft.
(B) The outer race should be free to turn its housing.
(C) Alignment is not a critical factor in their installation.
(D) They are usually pressed on to their shafts.
Briefly Justify Your Answer
 MARCH 2003

13. With reference to any cargo ships state the various types of seperation adopted as fire safety
measures: in the following
(e) Accommodation spaces from the remainder of the ship by thermal and structural boundaries.
(f) Protection of means of escape.

14. (a) Describe TWO reasons of creation of a superficial crack in a marine machinery component.
(b) Explain how propagation of a crack in a machinery component can be arrested.

15. (a) Make a detailed sketch of a Direct Expansion Two Room Refrigeration system.
(b) Give a full description of such a Refrigeration System, explaining the purpose of the relevant
control and safety devices.

16. Define briefly the construction details peculiar to each of the following types of closure that enables
their primary function to be fully realised:
(a) Water tight doors,
(b) Fire proof doors,
(c) Gas tight doors,

17. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the single-coil type and the straight-tube type of inter-
cooler for air compressor? Why are the tubes and coils generally made of copper?

18. Sketch an inertia governor as fitted to some main propulsion engines. Explain how it operates. Define
its limitations.

19. (a) Describe the effects of fresh water feed on auxiliary boilers.
(b) Describe the measures taken to reduce these effects.
(c) State how generated steam conditions influence the control of boiler water and feed condition.

20. If a radial piston hydraulic pump fails to deliver rated fluid volume, the cause can be _____________.
(M) contaminated fluid
(N) pitted thrust rings
(O) worn pintle bearings
(P) obstructed suctions passage
Briefly Justify your Answer

21. A fluctuating and unsteady vacuum in an evaporator may be caused by _____________.

(a) wet steam entering the air ejector nozzle
(b) pinhole leaks in the evaporator tube nests
(c) rapid scaling on the evaporator tube nests
(d) high water levels in the last effect
Briefly Justify your Answer

22. A generator has been exposed to water and is being checked for its safe operation. Therefore, it is
necessary to _______________.
(h) check for shorted coils with a explosimeter.
(i) take moisture readings with a hydrometer
(j) test insulation values with a megger
(k) ground the commutator, or slip rings and run it at half load
Briefly Justify your Answer