Matice3

Matu no's aAangec

Columnë.
Colecl a atu

a a12 C 13 a
A= a2j
ai3 - aij
at a2

am2 am3 a mj m

A =ais]mv
pe Matucc3
R a nc eoumn matu 2
A 9uan mau
Diagonal matu
Sináulaa atu
N o - Singulaa matu
Zeo oa Nul_ nmatu
o Ialeyi matai
Scala mau
Tzanspose_a a matu
(Tangulaz Matuce
) p p e tuaugutaa Gne
) Looer tuauaular_
Cowjugote a a Mau a
 EAgen Vaue8& Vectoa8

Let be
A be
Choaactexisc eguation
M-RSwed 8quaae_matuz C scalaa an
I 2he matu z_ h e Bame
ole
oaclea The matciz A - A I
he chaxactesucmau
The
The ole tai u nant LA-ALL callea
Lhe chaAacteidicpolynpmo AA
The eiuaton obtaumeelby euong
o Zeao Rhis dlet exunank LA-AI|=s.
called he_characeaatceueuon
he matux_anc h e V a l u e 3 -

BoLng the eguoton_L3 knausn-

eAgen Valc3

E igen
EAgen Vectoh Suppoae ÀLAåa s e ts -
A-ÀI| 2o.Then, 1A -AII
Suppobe qutheå Lse qinc a non-zeioo
coumn mafu X Buch thal
A-aI]X= 0
Tus_Ayslem 8 equataons has
non- t i v
The vectoa X is calleo fhe eiqen-
vectoa O LotenN Vectoa
Qhe aee
connesb0nc g-
 chakacterisHe eqpnauon

A d2 a3|
b2
C Ca
8olu haaacteiauc qaim d
C3
b2-
C
C2 C32
-(a +b Ca) + {a b , +bzCat caa
z b - da C b3 C2)_D=AL= 0

he Rigen_ Vaueá = Sum o he

SuTm
auagonolelament38
PAocuct a 2he egen Values =_LAL

O_The eigen volue.8 e an oAthogonal

dL dz2ds a he egen vaulues a

a X 31 atu Athern eiges Volue23
adiA CAe AL AL A
2
3
3 a mab A_JS Angulan 2hen at
h e eigen values i
a n d Ce veR&CL

ale he egen Volues

8 A hen ae he

gen valueS_

2
he gen values
2
Athen a d a l e 2h e
egen_ values A
Deteainant C Mat
Q 2 C13
13
A O21 C 22 Cl23
Cl22 a33
a 22 33 -
a23 Cl32)
O12 (a2 Q33 a23 a3L)
a12
+a13 (Ca1 a32 a22 Aal)
 exFind theeigen Vatue28 he
hnices
8 2
A 3 2

Solu Chaiactet stLe egRation

8- 83Au220
3- 2 =O
1- A

8-a-3-2)(1-2)-4E2
-(-8) 4T-)--213
+(-2(44)--3-3
A =0

S0win4 Loe i U _ge-

1 2 3
Anothei methocl
e8H-3)+UJA
8-3)+-3{D 4U18
-(-8)4)-(-2)(3)-l-2)-4)
A O
L2 3
 A 2 1,25
2
-2 4

A 2
3 5
O2 DA

t h e egeb valuib

3
A+5A+8I
So u
Egen Voluss & E- -
A=-132 E
NOW_the e e b Vaues
)
3
5 A+ 8T

E ( 5( 8
V

- 5-) 8
L-5 t8 2 9
FOA
3
( + 5 T 3 )1 8
27t15 +8 508
2 (t) (8-
-

2+ 5(-2) +8
- 8 1 ô+8
 A 46 6
2
T

VcyuLB.
3
A AtA A

ex. F ndthe egeh VaunS 8f

the ad jstup
A 2 O
O
A2 O
O 2
O
 exEind egen values anc ejgen
vectoAS Ox
A =|2 -
92
2

Souchakacteaustic equaiiem s
LA-II =o
AO (
2-
2- -I
2

-6+118-6 20
= 2,3
matae4atio LA-AT]x20
(iFoaLA
2-1 Po
X2
o 2-1
1
Lo 3
R2 R2-Ri Ra Ra-R

O 22 2
LO O
oJL3sJ Lo
 22- 22 20
Put X3
X2 t 20
o.
X
A
LI
F o 2=2 -A

- o

B R2 e
ol]
O

LO
Ra R-R2
O

O
Lo
 X22

Xz-+T

Foa 2= 3

R2 Rz +R R2 RaR

O 2 O
2 OL223
Ka2Ra R2
-

2 0
O C

2R220 9 X2-O

A3