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Numerical Problems On HXs (LMTD Method)

This document discusses heat exchangers and the log mean temperature difference (LMTD) method for calculating heat transfer rates. It provides the equations for calculating the LMTD in parallel and counterflow heat exchangers. Two example problems are then presented: (1) determining if a parallel flow configuration is feasible, and (2) calculating the exit temperature, heat transfer rate, and required surface area for parallel and counterflow heat exchangers. Step-by-step solutions are shown for both problems. Diagrams of parallel and counterflow heat exchanger configurations are also included.

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Ankur Sachdeva
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821 views13 pages

Numerical Problems On HXs (LMTD Method)

This document discusses heat exchangers and the log mean temperature difference (LMTD) method for calculating heat transfer rates. It provides the equations for calculating the LMTD in parallel and counterflow heat exchangers. Two example problems are then presented: (1) determining if a parallel flow configuration is feasible, and (2) calculating the exit temperature, heat transfer rate, and required surface area for parallel and counterflow heat exchangers. Step-by-step solutions are shown for both problems. Diagrams of parallel and counterflow heat exchanger configurations are also included.

Uploaded by

Ankur Sachdeva
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unit 4: Numerical Problems on

Heat Exchangers

Prepared by:
Ankur Sachdeva
Assistant Professor, ME
Temperature Profile for HXs
LMTD Method
• This method is used when inlet and outlet
temperatures of both the hot and cold fluids
(Thi, Tho, Tci, Tco) are known
• Energy Balance,
– Heat lost by hot fluid = heat gained by cold fluid
– 𝑚ℎ 𝐶𝑝ℎ 𝑇ℎ𝑖 − 𝑇ℎ𝑜 = 𝑚𝑐 𝐶𝑝𝑐 𝑇𝑐𝑜 − 𝑇𝑐𝑖
• Heat Transfer Rate, 𝑄 = 𝑈𝐴𝑠 𝐿𝑀𝑇𝐷
= 𝑈𝜋𝐷𝐿 𝐿𝑀𝑇𝐷
LMTD for Parallel and Counter flow HXs

∆𝜃1 −∆𝜃2
• 𝐿𝑀𝑇𝐷 = ∆𝜃1
ln( )
∆𝜃2

• For parallel flow HXs,


– ∆𝜃1 = Thi - Tci, ∆𝜃2 = Tho - Tco
• For counter flow HXs,
– ∆𝜃1 = Thi - Tco, ∆𝜃2 = Tho- Tci
Problem-1
• A heat exchanger is to be designed to transfer heat
from hot water to a certain cold liquid.
• The given conditions are :
– hot water flow rate: 5 kg/min,
– cold liquid flow rate :10 kg/min,
– hot water inlet temperature = 85°C,
– cold liquid inlet temperatures = 27°C,
– cold liquid outlet temperature is 55°C and
– specific heat of cold liquid = 2.93 kJ/kg K
• The engineer is assigned to do the work to design a
parallel flow configuration, but he is getting difficulty in
doing the calculations. Can you explain why ?
Solution
• A double pipe heat exchanger
– Hot Fluid: Alcohol, 𝑚ℎ = 5 kg/min = 0.0833 kg/s
– Cold Fluid: Water, 𝑚𝑐 = 10 kg/min = 0.1666 kg/s
– Thi = 85°C,
– Tci = 27°C, Tco = 55°C, Cpc= 2.93 kJ/kg.K
• To find: Whether parallel flow arrangement is
feasible?
Solution
Using Energy Balance,
Problem-2
• A heat exchanger is required to cool 55,000 kg/h
of alcohol from 66°C to 40°C using 40,000 kg/h
of water entering at 5°C. Calculate
– (i) exit temperature of water,
– (ii) heat transfer rate,
– (iii) surface area required for (a) parallel flow type, (b)
counter flow type of heat exchanger.
• Take overall heat transfer coefficient
– U = 580 W/m2.K
– Cp (alcohol) = 3760 J/kg.K
– Cp (water) = 4180 J/kg.K
Solution
• Given: A double pipe heat exchanger
– Hot Fluid: Alcohol, 𝑚ℎ = 55000 kg/h = 15.278 kg/s
– Cold Fluid: Water, 𝑚𝑐 = 40000 kg/h = 11.11 kg/s
– Thi = 66°C, Tho = 40°C, Cph= 3760 J/kg.K
– Tci = 5°C, Cpc= 4180 J/kg.K
– U = 580 W/m2.K
• To find: Tco, 𝑄, As(parallel, counter)
Schematic of HXs

Parallel Flow HX

Counter Flow HX
Solution
• Exit temperature of cold water

• Heat Transfer rate


Surface Area Case 1:Parallel flow HX
Surface Area Case 2:Counter flow HX

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