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Practical 2 (Phy)

This document outlines an experiment to verify Archimedes' principle by measuring the loss in weight of solids immersed in tap water and salty water. The experiment involves measuring the weight of a solid in air, its apparent weight when immersed, and the weight of water displaced. This is done for both tap water and salty water to show that denser liquids produce greater buoyant forces. The results are expected to validate that the weight lost by the immersed solid is equal to the weight of the displaced fluid, in accordance with Archimedes' principle.

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Ayaan Imam
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912 views4 pages

Practical 2 (Phy)

This document outlines an experiment to verify Archimedes' principle by measuring the loss in weight of solids immersed in tap water and salty water. The experiment involves measuring the weight of a solid in air, its apparent weight when immersed, and the weight of water displaced. This is done for both tap water and salty water to show that denser liquids produce greater buoyant forces. The results are expected to validate that the weight lost by the immersed solid is equal to the weight of the displaced fluid, in accordance with Archimedes' principle.

Uploaded by

Ayaan Imam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Aim

To establish the relation between the loss in weight of a solid when fully
immersed in

• tap water
• strongly salty water, with the weight of water displaced by it by taking at
least two different solid.

Materials Required
A spring balance, a metal bob, a cotton thread, an overflow can, a glass
beaker, tap water, salty water, an iron stand.

Theory

1. Fluids: Gases and liquids flow and are thus called fluids.
2. Buoyancy: The upward force exerted by fluids on any body is called the
buoyant force and this phenomenon is known as buoyancy.
3. Thrust: The force acting on a body perpendicular to its surface is called
thrust. S.I. unit is Newton.
4. When a body is immersed in water or liquid, the body displaces some
liquid.
5. The volume of liquid displaced = total volume of the solid.
6. The mass of liquid displaced can be measured as:
Mass of liquid displaced = Volume x Density
M=VxD
7. Weight of liquid displaced = Volume x Density x g (acceleration due to
gravity)
W=VxDxg
8. The body loses some weight when immersed in fluid, it can be found as
follows:
Weight of the body in air = W1
Weight of the body when immersed in liquid = W2
9. Hence loss in weight = W2 -W1
How much will be this upward force/buoyant force depends on the
density of liquid in which it is immersed. The upthrust is more by denser
liquids.
10. Archimedes’ Principle: When a body is immersed fully or partially in a
fluid, it experiences an upward force that is equal to the weight of the
fluid displaced by it.

Procedure
A. Find the zero error and least count of spring balance:

1. Take an iron stand and suspend a spring balance to it.


2. Study the spring balance, its scale and its least count.
3. Record your observations. If any error, record it as ‘x’ gf.

B. Find the weight of solid metal bob in air:

1. Take a metal bob, tie thread to it and suspend on the hook of the spring
balance.
2. Record the weight of the metal bob in air. Let this weight be Wr

C. Find the weight of the metal bob immersed in tap water and record
the apparent loss in weight

1. Take an overflow can, fill it with water such that its water level touches
the spout of the overflow can.
2. Keep an overflow can under the spring balance such that the metal bob
gets fully immersed in the water of
the overflow can.
3. Keep a beaker whose weight P1 is recorded, at the mouth of the spout of
overflow can.
4. As soon as the metal bob is suspended in water the weight on spring
balance scale is recorded. This loss in weight is due to buoyancy (W2).
5. Collect the water that has overflown in a beaker till the last drop that
comes out of the spout.
6. Weigh the beaker with water (P2).
7. Calculate the weight of the displaced water (P2-P1).
8. Calculate the loss in weight of the metal bob when immersed in water.

D. Find the weight of metal bob immersed in salty water and record the
apparent loss in weight.

1. Prepare salty water by taking a 500 mL beaker and adding 300 mL of


water in it and dissolving common salt till the saturated solution is
obtained.
2. Take the same metal bob and repeat the steps from 1 to 8 as given in
procedure ‘C’
3. Tabulate your observations.

Conclusion

1. Hence it is proved that the weight of the water displaced by the metal
bob is approximately equal to the apparent loss of weight of the metal
bob in water. Archimedes’ principle is verified.
2. The weight of water displaced by a given solid when immersed fully in
strongly salty water is more than the weight of the water displaced when
fully immersed in tap water.

Precautions

1. Carefully study the spring balance used for the experiment.


2. Fill the overflow can above the mark of the spout, allow extra water to
overflow through the spout without disturbing it. Use this overflow can for
the experiment.
3. Do not allow the suspended solid mass i.e. metal bob/stone to touch the
base and sides of the overflow beaker.

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