Civil Engineering May 2022 Review Innovations Algebra 3

Clock-related Problems: Proportion Problems: PROBLEMS FOR PRACTICE

If the minute hand of 7. Albert, Bryan and Carl are partners who share Situation 1. What time after 3:00 o'clock will the
the clock will describe profit in the ratio of their capital. Albert’s minute-hand and the hour-hand of the clock be
an arc x minute spaces x capital is P5M and Bryan's is P25M. In 2018, the 1. together for the first time? 3:16:21.8
long, then during the profit was P3.5M, in which Carl's share was 2. perpendicular for the first time? 3:32:43.6
x/12
same time span, the RI P1.5M. Find Carl's capital. Answer: P22.5M 3. in straight line for the first time? 3:49:05.4
hour hand will also 8. On a fence are sparrows and pigeons. When 5 Situation 2. How soon after 5:00 o'clock will the
describe an arc x/12 sparrows leave, there remain two pigeons for hands of the clock form…
minute spaces long. In every sparrow. Then twenty-five pigeons 4. a 60-degree angle for the first time? 5:16.4
short, to identify the leave, and there now three sparrows for every 5. a 60-degree angle for the second time? 5:38.2
corresponding movement of the hour hand, always pigeon. Find the original number of sparrows. 6. a 150-degree angles? 5:54.5
divide the movement of the minute hand by 12. Answer: 20
7. What time after 8:00 o-clock, will the minute-
Problems: hand and the hour-hand of the clock, be at
Variation Problems: angle of 37.4° for the second time? Ans: 8:50.44
1. What time between 2 and 3 o’clock will the x varies directly as y
angle between the hands of the clock be ® x µ y or x = ky 8. If it were two hours later, it would be half as
bisected by the line connecting the center of the long until midnight as it would be if it were an
clock and the 3 o’clock mark? Answer: 2:18:27.6 x varies inversely as y hour later. What time is it now? Ans: 21:00
2. At what time between three and four o’clock is 1 æ1ö
®xµ or x = kç ÷ 9. Between 3:00 and 4:00, Kathreen looked at her
the minute shand the same distance from VIII y èyø watch and noticed that the minute hand was
as the hour hand is from XII? 3:23.08
between 5 and 6. Later, Kathreen looked again
x varies jointly as y and z
3. It is now past 4PM. Four minutes from now, the and noticed that the hour hand and the minute
® x µ yz or x = kyz
minute hand of the clock will be directly hand had exchanged places. What time was it
opposite the position of the hour hand 8 in the second case? Answer: 5:17.20
minutes ago. What is the time now? 4:49:27 9. The electrical resistance of a cable varies
10. A businessman left his office for an
directly as its length and inversely as the square
appointment and noticed the hands of the wall
of its diameter. If a cable 600m long and 10mm
Mixture Problems: clock at past 8 o’clock. After more than two
in diameter has a resistance of 0.1 ohm, find the hours he returned and noticed that the hands of
4. How much water must be evaporated from a
length of a cable 20 mm in diameter with a the clock were interchanged. At what time did
15-liter 12% dye solution to obtain a solution
resistance of 0.15 ohm. Answer: 3600 m
that is 20% dye? Assume that the total amount he leave and at what time did he return?
of dye is not affected by the process of 10. The number of revolutions per minute of a ball Answer: leave = 8:58:44; return = 11:44:53
evaporation. Ans: 6 liters governor required to keep the balls h inches 11. What percentage of a mixture of sand, gravel,
below the point of suspension varies inversely and cement containing 30% cement should be
5. A given alloy contains 20% copper and 5% tin.
as the square root of h. If the balls are 6 inches replaced by pure cement in order to produce a
How many pounds of copper and of tin must
below for 40 revolutions per minute, at what mixture that is 40% cement.
be melted with 100 lb of the given alloy to Answer: 14.3%
speed will they be 1-1/2 inches below?
produce another alloy analyzing 30% copper Answer: 80 rpm 12. How much water must be evaporated from a
and 10% tin? All percentages are by weight. 15-liter 12% dye solution to obtain a solution
Answer: 17.5 lb copper & 7.5 lb tin
that is 20% dye? Assume that the total amount
6. In what ratio must tea costing P240 per kg be of dye is not affected by the process of
mixed with tea costing P340 per kg so that a evaporation. Answer: 6 liters
profit of 20% is made by selling the mixture at
P360 per kg? Answer: 2:3

Civil Engineering May 2022 Review Innovations Algebra 3
13. A radiator has 25 liters of 30 percent antifreeze 20. When looking at two buildings at the same
solution. How much of this should be drained time, the length of the buildings’ shadows, s,
and then replaced with pure antifreeze material varies directly as their height, h. If a 5-story
to make 45% antifreeze? Answer: 5.36 liters building has a 20 m long shadow, how many
stories high would a building that has a 32 m
14. A chemist has three different acid solutions.
The first acid solution contains 15% acid, the long shadow be? Answer: 8 stories

second contains 30% acid, and the third

contains 75% acid. He wants to use all three
solutions to obtain a mixture of 216 liters
containing 25% acid, using 2 times as much of
the 75% solution as the 30% solution. How
many liters of the 15% acid solution should be
used? Ans: 168 liters

15. Write the variation equation described as

follows:
The force of electrical attraction (Fel) between
two statically charged bodies is directly
proportional to the product of the charges on
each of the two objects (q1, q2) and inversely
proportional to the square of the distance (d)
separating these two charged bodies.
16. X and Y are inversely proportional with each
other. Given that X = 15,000 when Y = 162,500.
Find X when Y = 328,400. Answer: 7422.35

17. According to Hooke’s law, the force F required

to stretched a spring by x units is directly
proportional to x. If a force of 20 kN is needed
to stretch a spring by 3 mm, how far is the
spring stretched by a force of 60 kN? Ans: 9 mm
18. According to Boyle’s law, the pressure p of a
compressed gas is inversely proportional to the
volume V. Suppose that there is a pressure of
25 kPa when the volume of the gas is 400 cu.
cm. Find the pressure when the gas is
compressed to 200 cu. cm. Answer: 50 kPa

19. The pressure P of wind on a sail varies jointly

as the area A of the sail and the square of the
velocity V of the wind. The pressure on a
square foot is 1 lb when the velocity is 16 mph.
The velocity of the wind when the pressure on
a square yard is 36 lbs is: Answer: 32 mph