NIOEC-SP-00-77(1)

DOCUMENT CODE NO. OF PAGES: 4

PLAN/PRJ/SUB UNIT PHASE DISCIPLINE DOCUMENT TYPE SERIAL NO. REV. NO. DATE
NIOEC 000 EG PR SP 0077 A1 SEPTEMBER, 2015

NATIONAL IRANIAN OIL REFINING & DISTRIBUTION COMPANY

NATIONAL IRANIAN OIL ENGINEERING
& CONSTRUCTION COMPANY

NIOEC SPECIFICATION
FOR

PROCESS DESIGN OF
EMERGENCY MEASURES

FIRST EDITION

JULY, 2005

THIS SPECIFICATION IS THE PROPERTY OF NATIONAL IRANIAN OIL ENGINEERING & CONSTRUCTION COMPANY. IT IS CONFIDENTIAL AND ALL
RIGHTS RESERVED TO THE OWNER. NEITHER WHOLE NOR ANY PART OF THIS DOCUMENT MAY BE DISCLOSED TO ANY THIRD PARTY,
REPRODUCTED, STORED IN ANY RETRIEVAL SYSTEM OR TRANSMITTED IN ANY FORM OR BY ANY MEANS WITHOUT THE PRIOR WRITTEN
CONSENT OF THE NATIONAL IRANIAN OIL ENGINEERING & CONSTRUCTION COMPANY.
 SEPTEMBER, 2015 NIOEC-SP-00-77(1)
IN THE NAME OF GOD

FOREWORD

By their very nature, technical Specifications are continuously subject to modifications and
revisions. To strengthen their merit and usefulness, continuous improvements, addendum, deletion
of disparate information and consequently provision of updated revisions are to be made in order to
ascertain that such Specifications meet the current requirements, inclusive of Iranian Petroleum
Standards (IPS) and the recognized and acceptable national and international Standards, as well as
the optimal codes and practices based on the accumulated in-house know-how and plant knowledge
and experiences.
However, in reality, due to several reasons, not to mention the complexity of the matter, the
ultimate goal of continuous direct embedment of the required changes on the relevant Specifications
may be far reaching. Therefore, in the interim periods between the officially issued revisions, the
required changes will appear in other documents related to the engineering and design work of the
on going projects.
In response to the initiative of the Design and Engineering Directorate, and considering that the task
of the execution of several important and mega projects for the realization of the new oil refineries,
pipelines and oil terminals as well as improvements of the existing facilities, has been assigned to
NIOEC, it was decided to update the NIOEC Specifications and to issue new official revisions.
The Design and Engineering Directorate was itself entrusted to carry out this important task, and as
such by forming several special technical committees, working in close co-operation and cohesion
and sharing their expertise and knowledge, the updated and revised NIOEC Specifications were
successfully prepared and complied.
These Specifications are intended to be used for Oil Refineries, Distribution Depots, Oil Terminals,
Pipelines and Pump Stations within NIOEC's projects, and have been proven to be of high value
for such purposes. It must however be appreciated that these Specifications represent the minimum
requirements and should in no way be interpreted as a restriction on the use of better procedures,
engineering and design practices or materials.
We encourage and highly appreciate the users and other clear sighted and experts to send their
comments on the Specifications to the Design and Engineering Director of NIOEC for evaluation
and approval.
 SEPTEMBER, 2015 NIOEC-SP-00-77(1)
REVISION INDEX
REV. REV. REV. REV.
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
PAGE PAGE PAGE PAGE
1 X 26 51 76
2 27 52 77
3 28 53 78
4 29 54 79
5 30 55 80
6 31 56 81
7 32 57 82
8 33 58 83
9 34 59 84
10 35 60 85
11 36 61 86
12 37 62 87
13 38 63 88
14 39 64 89
15 40 65 90
16 41 66 91
17 42 67 92
18 43 68 93
19 44 69 94
20 45 70 95
21 46 71 96
22 47 72 97
23 48 73 98
24 49 74 99
25 50 75 100
NOTES:
1) THIS SHEET IS A RECORD OF ALL REVISIONS TO THIS SPECIFICATION.
2) WHEN APPROVED EACH REVISION SHALL BE CONSIDERED AS A PART OF THE
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT.
3) NUMBER OF PAGES EXCLUDES THIS SHEET AND THE COVER SHEET.

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4
3
2
SEPTEMBER, M.H.DEHGAN M.KARGARNAJAFI A.ARMAN
1 M.R.BAHARLOUEI
2015 MANSHADI NAJAFI MOGHADAM
0 JULY, 2005 M.A.A.SAJEDI M.R.FARZAM M.A.A.SAJEDI
REV. DATE PREPARED CHECKED APPROVED AUTHORIZED
 SEPTEMBER, 2015 NIOEC-SP-00-77(1)

CONTENTS: PAGE NO.

INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................... 2
1. SCOPE...................................................................................................................................... 2
2. REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................ 2
3. ADDENDUM TO IPS-E-PR-470 ........................................................................................... 3

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 SEPTEMBER, 2015 NIOEC-SP-00-77(1)
INTRODUCTION
To satisfy the requirements of this NIOEC Specification, Iranian Petroleum Standard IPS-E-PR-470
(Aug 2009) with the modifications as specified herein after shall be strictly followed.
Articles 0 through 2 of this document replace entirely the related articles in the referenced IPS
Standard.

1. SCOPE
This NIOEC Specification is intended to cover minimum requirements and guidelines for process
engineers to specify proper type of emergency measures for probable emergency situations.
Deviations from this Specification will only be permitted on obtaining written approval from
NIOEC.
Resolution on cases not explicitly stipulated in this Specification, or on cases where conflicts may
arise among the requirements of the referenced/relevant IPS and the international standards, shall be
made through written consent and approval of NIOEC.

2. REFERENCES
The following standards, codes, and specifications, to the extent specified hereinafter, shall
constitute a part if this NIOEC Specification. Latest edition of the undated referenced documents
and the cited edition of the dated references shall apply. The applicability of changes made to the
dated references, after the cited date shall be mutually agreed upon between NIOEC and the vendor/
contractor.
API (AMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE)
API RP 521 "Guide for Pressure-Relieving and Depressuring Systems"

NFPA (NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION)

No. 30 "Flammable and Combustible Liquid Code"

IPS (IRANIAN PETROLEUM STANDARDS)

IPS-E-PR-470 "Engineering Standard for Process Design of Emergency
Measures"

NIOEC SP (NIOEC SPECIFICATIONS)

NIOEC-SP-00-10 "NIOEC Specification for Units"

2.1. Equivalent to IPS Standards

Substitute the following IPS Standards as referred to throughout IPS-E-PR-470 for the relevant
NIOEC's Specifications as follows:
IPS Standard Relevant NIOEC Specification
IPS-E-GN-100 NIOEC-SP-00-10

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 SEPTEMBER, 2015 NIOEC-SP-00-77(1)
3. ADDENDUM TO IPS-E-PR-470
This addendum revises the below listed articles of the referenced standard as follows:

3. DEFINITION AND TERMINOLOGY (Modification)

5. UNITS (Modification)
International system of units (SI) shall be used in accordance with NIOEC-SP-00-10, unless
otherwise specified.

6.1.2.7. (Addition)
A battery limit valve or other Emergency Block Valve in the line may be considered to meet the
fuel isolation requirement, provided that its closure would not create other hazards or conflict with
other actions that might be necessary during a plant emergency. For example, a fuel gas line might
be required to be open as a depressuring route.

6.1.2.8. (Addition)
Means must be provided for stopping the flow of flammable process fluids to fired heater coils.
This should consist of an accessible emergency block valves in each stream, located at least 12 m
from the fired heater. Block valves for feed pumps, compressors, or control valves, which meet the
above requirement, are acceptable for this purpose.

6.1.3.4. (Addition)
The emergency block valves should be equipped with position switches set to trip the compressor
when emergency block valves are less than 50% open shutdown system, but the emergency block
valves should not be actuated (automatically closed) by the compressor.

6.1.3.5. Equipment with High Fire Potential (Addition)

Equipment with High Fire Potential shall include:
1) Pumps with a rated capacity over 45 m/h handling flammable liquids.
2) Compressors over 150 kW handling flammable gasses.
3) Fired heaters handling flammable liquids in tubes.
4) Vessels, heat exchangers, and other equipment containing flammable liquids over 315oC or
above their autoignition temperature, whichever is less.
5) Certain reactors that operate at high pressures or are capable of producing exothermic or
runaway reactions.

6.1.4.1. (Addition)
An emergency block valve should be installed in the pump suction line, when the inventory in a
pump suction vessel is over 7.5 m3 of flammable liquid or is over 12 m3 of combustible liquid. In

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 SEPTEMBER, 2015 NIOEC-SP-00-77(1)
the case of towers, inventory is calculated at the top of the working level range, with the addition of
tray and reboiler holdup if they are draining into the tower sump.

6.1.4.2. (Addition)
Emergency block valve may be installed on the discharge line of high head pumps to prevent back
flow.

6.2.1.6. (Addition)
Emergency Block Valve actuating button is located at least 12 m horizontally away from the source
of potential leak and such that it can be operated from grade.
Consideration should also be given to locating the actuating button in the control room.

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IPS-E-PR-470(1)
 ‫ﭘﻴﺶ ﮔﻔﺘﺎر‬
FOREWORD
The Iranian Petroleum Standards (IPS) reflect ‫ ( ﻣﻨﻌﻜﺲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه دﻳﺪﮔﺎﻫﻬﺎي‬IPS ) ‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﻧﻔﺖ اﻳﺮان‬
the views of the Iranian Ministry of Petroleum ‫وزارت ﻧﻔﺖ اﻳﺮان اﺳﺖ و ﺑﺮاي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در ﺗﺄﺳﻴﺴﺎت ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻧﻔﺖ‬
and are intended for use in the oil and gas
،‫ واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ و ﭘﺘﺮوﺷﻴﻤﻲ‬،‫ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎي ﻧﻔﺖ‬،‫و ﮔﺎز‬
production facilities, oil refineries, chemical and
petrochemical plants, gas handling and ‫ﺗﺄﺳﻴﺴﺎت اﻧﺘﻘﺎل و ﻓﺮاورش ﮔﺎز و ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺗﺄﺳﻴﺴﺎت ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ‬
processing installations and other such facilities. .‫ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
IPS is based on internationally acceptable ‫ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻮل‬،‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﻧﻔﺖ‬
standards and includes selections from the items ‫ﺑﻴﻦاﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه و ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﮔﺰﻳﺪه ﻫﺎﺋﻲ از اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي‬
stipulated in the referenced standards. They are
‫ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻴﺎت ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻧﻔﺖ ﻛﺸﻮر‬.‫ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
also supplemented by additional requirements
and/or modifications based on the experience ‫ ﻣﻮاردي‬،‫و ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﻻ از ﺑﺎزار داﺧﻠﻲ و ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﻧﻴﺎز‬
acquired by the Iranian Petroleum Industry and .‫ﺑﻄﻮر ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻠﻲ و ﻳﺎ اﺻﻼﺣﻲ در اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻟﺤﺎظ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
the local market availability. The options which
are not specified in the text of the standards are ‫ﻣﻮاردي از ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎي ﻓﻨﻲ ﻛﻪ در ﻣﺘﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎ آورده ﻧﺸﺪه‬
itemized in data sheet/s, so that, the user can ‫اﺳﺖ در داده ﺑﺮگﻫﺎ ﺑﺼﻮرت ﺷﻤﺎره ﮔﺬاري ﺷﺪه ﺑﺮاي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬
select his appropriate preferences therein.
.‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮان آورده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
The IPS standards are therefore expected to be ‫ ﺑﺸﻜﻠﻲ ﻛﺎﻣﻼً اﻧﻌﻄﺎف ﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﺗﺪوﻳﻦ ﺷﺪه‬،‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﻧﻔﺖ‬
sufficiently flexible so that the users can adapt .‫اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮان ﺑﺘﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﻧﻴﺎزﻫﺎي ﺧﻮد را ﺑﺎ آﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻨﻄﺒﻖ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‬
these standards to their requirements. However,
they may not cover every requirement of each
‫ﺑﺎ اﻳﻦ ﺣﺎل ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺗﻤﺎم ﻧﻴﺎزﻣﻨﺪيﻫﺎي ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎ را ﭘﻮﺷﺶ‬
project. For such cases, an addendum to IPS ‫ در اﻳﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻮارد ﺑﺎﻳﺪ اﻟﺤﺎﻗﻴﻪاي ﻛﻪ ﻧﻴﺎزﻫﺎي ﺧﺎص‬.‫ﻧﺪﻫﻨﺪ‬
Standard shall be prepared by the user which ‫ اﻳﻦ اﻟﺤﺎﻗﻴﻪ‬.‫آﻧﻬﺎ را ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ و ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‬
elaborates the particular requirements of the
user. This addendum together with the relevant ‫ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت ﻓﻨﻲ آن ﭘﺮوژه و ﻳﺎ ﻛﺎر‬،‫ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ‬
IPS shall form the job specification for the .‫ﺧﺎص را ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺧﻮاﻫﻨﺪ داد‬
specific project or work.
The IPS is reviewed and up-dated approximately ‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﻧﻔﺖ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎً ﻫﺮ ﭘﻨﺞ ﺳﺎل ﻳﻜﺒﺎر ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻗﺮار‬
every five years. Each standards are subject to
amendment or withdrawal, if required, thus the ‫ در اﻳﻦ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲﻫﺎ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ‬.‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ و روزآﻣﺪ ﻣﻲﮔﺮدﻧﺪ‬
latest edition of IPS shall be applicable ‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردي ﺣﺬف و ﻳﺎ اﻟﺤﺎﻗﻴﻪاي ﺑﻪ آن اﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺷﻮد و ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ‬
.‫ﻫﻤﻮاره آﺧﺮﻳﻦ وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ آﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻼك ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
The users of IPS are therefore requested to send ‫ درﺧﻮاﺳﺖ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ و‬،‫از ﻛﺎرﺑﺮان اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
their views and comments, including any ‫ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدات اﺻﻼﺣﻲ و ﻳﺎ ﻫﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪ اﻟﺤﺎﻗﻴﻪاي ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻮارد‬
addendum prepared for particular cases to the
following address. These comments and ‫ ﻧﻈﺮات و‬.‫ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ زﻳﺮ ارﺳﺎل ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‬،‫ﺧﺎص ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻧﻤﻮدهاﻧﺪ‬
recommendations will be reviewed by the ‫ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدات درﻳﺎﻓﺘﻲ در ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪﻫﺎي ﻓﻨﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ و در‬
relevant technical committee and in case of
approval will be incorporated in the next revision ‫ﺻﻮرت ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺐ در ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎي ﺑﻌﺪي اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻨﻌﻜﺲ‬
of the standard. .‫ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‬
Standards and Research department ‫ ﻛﻮﭼﻪ‬،‫ ﺧﺮدﻣﻨﺪ ﺷﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬،‫ ﺧﻴﺎﺑﺎن ﻛﺮﻳﻤﺨﺎن زﻧﺪ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮان‬،‫اﻳﺮان‬
No.19, Street14, North kheradmand
19 ‫ ﺷﻤﺎره‬،‫ﭼﻬﺎردﻫﻢ‬
Karimkhan Avenue, Tehran, Iran . ‫اداره ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت و اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎ‬
Postal Code- 1585886851 1585886851 : ‫ﻛﺪﭘﺴﺘﻲ‬
Tel: 88810459-60 & 66153055 66153055 ‫ و‬88810459 - 60 : ‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
Fax: 88810462 88810462 : ‫دور ﻧﮕﺎر‬
Email: Standards@nioc.org Standards@nioc.org :‫ﭘﺴﺖ اﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﻜﻲ‬
General Definitions: : ‫ﺗﻌﺎرﻳﻒ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬
Throughout this Standard the following
definitions shall apply. .‫در اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺗﻌﺎرﻳﻒ زﻳﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻲ رود‬
Company : : ‫ﺷﺮﻛﺖ‬
Refers to one of the related and/or affiliated
companies of the Iranian Ministry of Petroleum ‫ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﻲ و واﺑﺴﺘﻪ وزارت ﻧﻔﺖ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻠﻲ‬
such as National Iranian Oil Company, National ‫ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻠﻲ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ‬،‫ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻠﻲ ﮔﺎز اﻳﺮان‬،‫ﻧﻔﺖ اﻳﺮان‬
Iranian Gas Company, and National
Petrochemical Company etc. .‫ﭘﺘﺮوﺷﻴﻤﻲ و ﻏﻴﺮه اﻃﻼق ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‬
Purchaser : :‫ﺧﺮﻳﺪار‬
Means the “Company" Where this standard is
‫ﻳﻌﻨﻲ "ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻲ" ﻛﻪ اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﺨﺸﻲ از ﻣﺪارك ﺳﻔﺎرش‬
part of direct purchaser order by the “Company”,
and the “Contractor” where this Standard is a part ‫ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ آن "ﺷﺮﻛﺖ" ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ و ﻳﺎ "ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻧﻜﺎري" ﻛﻪ اﻳﻦ‬
of contract documents. . ‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﺨﺸﻲ از ﻣﺪارك ﻗﺮارداد آن اﺳﺖ‬
Vendor And Supplier: :‫ﻓﺮوﺷﻨﺪه و ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬
Refers to firm or person who will supply and/or
fabricate the equipment or material. ‫ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ و ﻳﺎ ﺷﺨﺼﻲ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد ﻛﻪ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات و ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎي‬
. ‫ﻣﻮرد ﻟﺰوم ﺻﻨﻌﺖ را ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻴﻨﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬
Contractor: :‫ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻧﻜﺎر‬
Refers to the persons, firm or company whose
‫ ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ و ﻳﺎ ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻲ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد ﻛﻪ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدش‬، ‫ﺑﻪ ﺷﺨﺺ‬
tender has been accepted by the company.
.‫ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺼﻪ و ﻳﺎ ﻣﺰاﻳﺪه ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
Executor : : ‫ﻣﺠﺮي‬
Executor is the party which carries out all or part
of construction and/or commissioning for the ‫ﻣﺠﺮي ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮوﻫﻲ اﺗﻼق ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ ﺗﻤﺎم ﻳﺎ ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻲ از‬
project. .‫ﻛﺎرﻫﺎي اﺟﺮاﻳﻲ و ﻳﺎ راه اﻧﺪازي ﭘﺮوژه را اﻧﺠﺎم دﻫﺪ‬
Inspector : :‫ﺑﺎزرس‬
The Inspector referred to in this Standard is a
person/persons or a body appointed in writing by ‫در اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﺎزرس ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮد ﻳﺎ ﮔﺮوﻫﻲ اﺗﻼق ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ‬
the company for the inspection of fabrication and ‫ﻛﺘﺒﺎً ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺎزرﺳﻲ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ و ﻧﺼﺐ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات‬
installation work .‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
Shall: :‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬
Is used where a provision is mandatory.
.‫ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎري ﻛﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم آن اﺟﺒﺎري اﺳﺖ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‬
Should :‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ‬
Is used where a provision is advisory only.
.‫ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎري ﻛﻪ ﺿﺮورت اﻧﺠﺎم آن ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‬
Will: :‫ﺗﺮﺟﻴﺢ‬
Is normally used in connection with the action
by the “Company” rather than by a contractor, ‫ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻً در ﺟﺎﻳﻲ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻲﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم آن ﻛﺎر ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس‬
supplier or vendor. .‫ﻧﻈﺎرت ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
May: : ‫ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ‬
Is used where a provision is completely
discretionary. . ‫ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎري ﻛﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم آن اﺧﺘﻴﺎري ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ‬
 IPS-E-PR-470(1)

ENGINEERING STANDARD

FOR

PROCESS DESIGN OF EMERGENCY MEASURES

FIRST REVISION
AUGUST 2009

‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي‬

‫اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت ﺣﺎﻟﺖ اﺿﻄﺮاري‬

‫وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ اول‬
1388 ‫ﻣﺮداد‬

This Standard is the property of Iranian Ministry of Petroleum. ‫ ﺗﻤﺎم ﺣﻘﻮق آن ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ‬.‫اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ وزارت ﻧﻔﺖ اﻳﺮان اﺳﺖ‬
All rights are reserved to the owner. Neither whole nor any
part of this document may be disclosed to any third party, ‫ ﺗﻤﺎم ﻳﺎ‬،‫ﻣﺎﻟﻚ آن ﺑﻮده و ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺪون رﺿﺎﻳﺖ ﻛﺘﺒﻲ وزارت ﻧﻔﺖ اﻳﺮان‬
reproduced, stored in any retrieval system or transmitted in ‫ ذﺧﻴﺮه‬،‫ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻳﺎ وﺳﻴﻠﻪ از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺗﻜﺜﻴﺮ‬، ‫ﺑﺨﺸﻲ از اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
any form or by any means without the prior written consent of
.‫ ﻳﺎ روش دﻳﮕﺮي در اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻓﺮاد ﺛﺎﻟﺚ ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد‬،‫ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل‬،‫ﺳﺎزي‬
the Iranian Ministry of Petroleum.
 Aug. 2009 / 1388 ‫ﻣﺮداد‬ IPS-E-PR-470(1)

Page :‫ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬

CONTENTS:
No.

0. INTRODUCTION ............................................. 2
2 .............................................................. ‫ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬-0
1. SCOPE ................................................................ 3
3 ...................................................... ‫ داﻣﻨﻪ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد‬-1
2. REFERENCES .................................................. 3
3 .............................................................. ‫ ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ‬-2
3. DEFINITIONS AND TERMINOLOGY ......... 4
4 ................................................. ‫ﺗﻌﺎرﻳﻒ و واژﮔﺎن‬-3
4. SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS.............. 4
4 .......................................... ‫ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ و اﺧﺘﺼﺎرات‬-4
5. UNITS ................................................................. 5
5 ............................................................ ‫ واﺣﺪﻫﺎ‬-5
6. DESIGN CRITERIA ......................................... 5
5 ..................................................... ‫ ﻣﻌﻴﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬-6
6.1 Isolation ........................................................ 5
5 .................................................... ‫ ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي‬1-6
6.2 Depressuring................................................. 9
9 ................................................. ‫ ﻓﺸﺎر زداﻳﻲ‬2-6
6.3 ESD and Critical Instrumentation ............. 11
11 ......... ‫ ﺗﻮﻗﻒ اﺿﻄﺮاري و ادوات اﺑﺰار دﻗﻴﻖ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻲ‬3-6

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 Aug. 2009 / 1388 ‫ﻣﺮداد‬ IPS-E-PR-470(1)

0. INTRODUCTION ‫ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬-0
"Process Design of Safeguarding Systems for ،‫"ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ از ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪﻫﺎي ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻧﻔﺖ‬
OGP Processes" are broad and contain various ‫ﮔﺎز و ﭘﺘﺮوﺷﻴﻤﻲ" داراي ﮔﺴﺘﺮه وﺳﻴﻌﻲ از ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎت ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮن و‬
subjects of paramount importance. Therefore, a
‫ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ اي از اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي‬،‫ از اﻳﻨﺮو‬.‫ﺑﺎ اﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
group of process engineering standards are
prepared to cover the subject of safeguarding ‫ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪ ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ در ﺑﺮﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪه ﻣﻮﺿﻮع‬
systems for OGP Processes. .‫ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ از ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻓﻮق اﻟﺬﻛﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
This group includes the following standards: :‫اﻳﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي زﻳﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
STANDARD CODE STANDARD TITLE ‫ﻋﻨﻮان اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬ ‫ﻛﺪ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
IPS-E-PR-450 "Process Design of ‫ "ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻓﺮاﻳﻨﺪي ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ‬IPS-E-PR-450
Pressure Relieving Systems "‫ﻓﺸﺎر ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎي اﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎن اﻳﻤﻨﻲ‬
Inclusive Safety Relief
Valves"
‫ "ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻓﺮاﻳﻨﺪي ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺸﻌﻞ و‬IPS-E-PR-460
IPS-E-PR-460 "Process Design of Flare
& Blow-Down Systems" "‫ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ‬
IPS-E-PR-470 "Process Design of ‫ "ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻓﺮاﻳﻨﺪي اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت ﺣﺎﻟﺖ‬IPS-E-PR-470
Emergency Measures" "‫اﺿﻄﺮاري‬
This Standard Specification covers: ‫ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
"PROCESS DESIGN OF EMERGENCY ‫"ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻓﺮاﻳﻨﺪي اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت ﺣﺎﻟﺖ اﺿﻄﺮاري" را در ﺑﺮ‬
MEASURES"
.‫ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮد‬
Conceptual design of emergency measures for ‫ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻣﻲ اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت ﺣﺎﻟﺖ اﺿﻄﺮاري ﺑﺮاي واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﻓﺮاﻳﻨﺪي‬
processing Units in refineries and other
‫ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎه ﻫﺎ و دﻳﮕﺮ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎﺗﻲ در ﺧﺼﻮص‬
chemical plants covers requirements of
installation of protective devices such as ،‫ﻧﺼﺐ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﻫﺎي ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺘﻲ از ﻗﺒﻴﻞ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎي ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻓﺸﺎر‬
depressuring valves and equipment isolation ‫ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺗﻮﻗﻒ واﺣﺪﻫﺎي‬،‫ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎي ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات‬
valves, tripping factors of Units/equipment and
relevant failure actions, etc. Design of ‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات و اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت ﻻزم در زﻣﺎن از ﻛﺎر اﻓﺘﺎدن و ﻏﻴﺮه‬/‫ﻓﺮاﻳﻨﺪي‬
emergency measures is usually supplemented ‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎً ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت ﺣﺎﻟﺖ اﺿﻄﺮاري ﻣﻜﻤﻞ‬.‫ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
by Licensors’ instructions and related
regulations and requirements for licensed Units
‫ ﻣﻘﺮرات و اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﻣﻨﺴﻮب ﺑﻪ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﺎن ﻟﻴﺴﺎﻧﺲ‬،‫دﺳﺘﻮرات‬
to ensure complete plant protection from ‫واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﻓﺮاﻳﻨﺪي ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺗﺎ از ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ واﺣﺪ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ در‬
emergency situations. .‫ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﻫﺎي اﺿﻄﺮاري اﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎن ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﮔﺮدد‬

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 Aug. 2009 / 1388 ‫ﻣﺮداد‬ IPS-E-PR-470(1)

1. SCOPE ‫ داﻣﻨﻪ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد‬-1

This Standard is intended to cover minimum ‫اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺳﻌﻲ ﻛﺮده ﻛﻪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت و راﻫﻜﺎرﻫﺎ را ﺑﺮاي‬
requirements and guidelines for process ‫ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﻦ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪ اراﺋﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﺎ اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ را ﺑﺮاي ﺣﺎﻻت‬
engineers to specify proper type of emergency
.‫اﺿﻄﺮاري ﻣﺤﺘﻤﻞ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻛﻨﺪ‬
measures for probable emergency situations.
.
Note 1: :1 ‫ﻳﺎدآوري‬
This standard specification is reviewed and ‫ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﻓﻨﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ‬1381 ‫اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد در ﺧﺮداد ﻣﺎه ﺳﺎل‬
updated by the relevant technical committee on ‫ ﻃﻲ‬1 ‫ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ و ﻣﻮارد ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان اﺻﻼﺣﻴﻪ ﺷﻤﺎره‬
June 2002, as amendment No. 1 by circular No.
.‫ اﺑﻼغ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ‬159 ‫ﺑﺨﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺷﻤﺎره‬
159.

Note 2: :2 ‫ﻳﺎدآوري‬
This bilingual standard is a revised version of ‫اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد دو زﺑﺎﻧﻪ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﺑﺎزﻧﮕﺮي ﺷﺪه اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ در‬
the standard specification by the relevant ‫ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﻓﻨﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ‬1388 ‫ﻣﺮداد ﻣﺎه ﺳﺎل‬
technical committee on August 2009, which is
‫( اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻨﺴﻮخ‬0) ‫ از اﻳﻦ ﭘﺲ وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ‬.‫( اراﻳﻪ ﻣﻲﮔﺮدد‬1)
issued as revision (1). Revision (0) of the said
standard specification is withdrawn. .‫ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬

Note 3: :3 ‫ﻳﺎدآوري‬
In case of conflict between Farsi and English ‫ ﻣﺘﻦ اﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ ﻣﻼك‬،‫در ﺻﻮرت اﺧﺘﻼف ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺘﻦ ﻓﺎرﺳﻲ و اﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ‬
languages, English language shall govern. .‫ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
2. REFERENCES ‫ ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ‬-2
Through out this Standard the following dated ‫در اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﻪ آﻳﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ و اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ دار و‬
and undated standards/codes are referred to. ‫ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪي ﻛﻪ در اﻳﻦ‬،‫ اﻳﻦ ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ‬.‫ﺑﺪون ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ زﻳﺮ اﺷﺎره ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
These referenced documents shall, to the extent
‫ ﺑﺨﺸﻲ از اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬،‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪاﻧﺪ‬
specified herein, form a part of this standard.
For dated references, the edition cited applies. ‫ وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه ﻣﻼك‬،‫ در ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ دار‬.‫ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
The applicability of changes in dated references ،‫ﺑﻮده و ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮاﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ از ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ در آﻧﻬﺎ داده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
that occur after the cited date shall be mutually
agreed upon by the Company and the Vendor. ‫ در‬.‫ﭘﺲ از ﺗﻮاﻓﻖ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎ و ﻓﺮوﺷﻨﺪه ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﺟﺮا ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
For undated references, the latest edition of the ‫ آﺧﺮﻳﻦ وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ اﻧﻀﻤﺎم ﻛﻠﻴﻪ اﺻﻼﺣﺎت‬،‫ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ ﺑﺪون ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ‬
referenced documents (including any
.‫و ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖﻫﺎي آن ﻣﻼك ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
supplements and amendments) applies.

NFPA (NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION (‫ )اﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﻣﻠﻲ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ در ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ آﺗﺶ‬NFPA

ASSOCIATION)

NFPA 30 "Flammable and Combustible ‫"آﺋﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎت ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﺷﺘﻌﺎل و ﻗﺎﺑﻞ‬ NFPA 30
Liquid code" 1996 Ed 1996 ‫اﺣﺘﺮاق" وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ‬

API(AMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE) (‫ )ﻣﺆﺳﺴﻪ ﻧﻔﺖ آﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ‬API

API RP 521 "Guide for Pressure-Relieving ‫ "راﻫﻨﻤﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﺸﺎر و ﻓﺸﺎر‬API RP 521
and Depressuring Systems" 4 th
1997 ‫ ﻣﺎرس ﺳﺎل‬،‫زداﻳﻲ" وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ ﭼﻬﺎرم‬
Ed. March 1997

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ASTM(AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR (‫ )اﻧﺠﻤﻦ آزﻣﻮن و ﻣﻮاد آﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ‬ASTM

TESTING AND MATERIALS)

ASTM D 323 "Standard Method of Test for ‫ "روش اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد آزﻣﻮن ﺑﺮاي ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺨﺎر‬ASTM D 323
Vapor Pressure of Petroleum "(‫ﻓﺮاورده ﻫﺎي ﻧﻔﺘﻲ)روش رﻳﺪ‬
Products (Reid Method)".

ISA(THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF (‫ )اﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﺑﻴﻦاﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ اﺗﻮﻣﺎﺳﻴﻮن‬ISA

AUTOMATION)

ISA 91.00.01 "Identification of Emergency ‫ "ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﻗﻒ اﺿﻄﺮاري و‬ISA 91.00.01
Shutdown Systems and ‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮل آﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﺣﻔﻆ اﻳﻤﻨﻲ در‬
Controls That are Critical to
".‫ ﺣﺴﺎس ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬،‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي‬
Maintaining Safety in
Process Industries".

IPS(IRANIAN PETROLEUM STANDARDS) (‫ )اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﻧﻔﺖ اﻳﺮان‬IPS

IPS-E-GN-100"Engineering Standard for "‫ "اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺑﺮاي واﺣﺪﻫﺎ‬IPS-E-GN-100

Units"

3. DEFINITIONS AND TERMINOLOGY ‫ﺗﻌﺎرﻳﻒ و واژﮔﺎن‬-3

3.1 Unit or Units ‫ واﺣﺪ ﻳﺎ واﺣﺪﻫﺎ‬1-3

Refer to one or all processes, offsite and/or ‫ﻳﺎ‬/‫ ﻣﺤﻮﻃﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺧﺎرج از ﻓﺮاﻳﻨﺪﻫﺎ و‬،‫ﺑﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻳﺎ ﻛﻞ ﻓﺮاﻳﻨﺪﻫﺎ‬
utility, and facilities as applicable to form a ‫ﺳﺮوﻳﺲﻫﺎي ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ و ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻜﺎرﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﻳﻚ‬
complete operable refinery/ plant.
.‫ اﺷﺎره ﻣﻲ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬،‫ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎه ﻳﺎ ﻛﺎرﺧﺎﻧﻪ را ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ دﻫﻨﺪ‬
4. SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS ‫ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ و اﺧﺘﺼﺎرات‬-4

APH Air Preheater ‫ ﭘﻴﺶ ﮔﺮﻣﻜﻦ ﻫﻮا‬APH

CCR Central Control Room ‫ اﺗﺎق ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻣﺮﻛﺰي‬CCR
(‫ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ )ﻣﻴﻠﻲ ﻣﺘﺮ‬،‫ ﻗﻄﺮ اﺳﻤﻲ‬DN
DN Diameter Nominal, in (mm)
‫ ﺑﺎدزن دﻣﻨﺪه‬FDF
FDF Forced Draft Fan
‫ ﺑﺎز در ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻗﻄﻊ‬FO
FO Failure Open
‫ ﺳﻮﺋﻴﭻ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ‬FSLL
FSLL Flow Switch Low Low
‫ ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﻻ‬HH
HH High High
‫ ﺳﻮﺋﻴﭻ دﺳﺘﻲ‬HS
HS Hand Switch
‫ ﺑﺎدزن ﻣﻜﻨﺪه‬IDF
IDF Induced Draft Fan
‫ ﻗﻔﻞ در ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ‬LC
LC Locked Closed
‫ ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ‬LL
LL Low Low
‫ﻗﻔﻞ در ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﺎز‬ LO
LO Locked Open

PB Push Button ‫دﻛﻤﻪ ﻓﺸﺎري‬ PB

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PDSLL Pressure Differential Switch Low Low ‫ ﺳﻮﺋﻴﭻ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻓﺸﺎر ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ‬PDSLL

P&IDs Piping and Instrument Diagrams ‫ ﻧﻤﻮدار ﻫﺎي ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻛﺸﻲ و اﺑﺰار دﻗﻴﻖ‬P&IDs
PV Pressure Valve ‫ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر‬PV
‫ ﺗﻮﻗﻒ‬S/D
S/D Shut Down
‫ ﺳﻮﺋﻴﭻ دﻣﺎي ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﻻ‬TSHH
TSHH Temperature Switch High High
‫ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺑﺪون ﻧﺸﺖ‬TSO
TSO Tight Shut Off

5. UNITS ‫ واﺣﺪﻫﺎ‬-5
This standard is based on International System ‫ ﻣﻨﻄﺒﻖ‬،(SI) ‫ ﺑﺮﻣﺒﻨﺎي ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ واﺣﺪﻫﺎ‬،‫اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
of Units (SI), as per IPS-E-GN-100 except ‫ ﻣﮕﺮ آﻧﻜﻪ در ﻣﺘﻦ‬،‫ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬IPS-E-GN-100 ‫ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
where otherwise specified.
.‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﻪ واﺣﺪ دﻳﮕﺮي اﺷﺎره ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
6. DESIGN CRITERIA ‫ ﻣﻌﻴﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬-6

6.1 Isolation ‫ ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي‬1-6

The following paragraphs describe the ‫ﭘﺎراﮔﺮاﻓﻬﺎي زﻳﺮ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﻧﺼﺐ و ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدي ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎي‬
installation standards and design practice for ‫ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات در ﺣﺎﻟﺘﻬﺎي اﺿﻄﺮاري را‬
valves used for equipment isolation in
‫ ﻛﻮره ﻫﺎ و‬،‫ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﻣﻲ دﻫﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ اﻳﻦ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻇﺮوف‬
emergency cases, including vessels, furnaces
and compressors. Installation points of the ‫ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻫﺎي ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎي ﺟﺪا ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬.‫ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮرﻫﺎ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
isolation valves shall be clearly indicated on ‫ و ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﺨﺶ ﻛﺮدن ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ آﻧﻬﺎ از‬P&ID ‫ﺑﻄﻮر واﺿﺢ روي ﻧﻘﺸﻪ‬
P&ID, highlighting the distance from the
equipment to be protected. .‫ ﻧﺸﺎن داده ﺷﻮد‬،‫دﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺖ ﺷﻮد‬

6.1.1 Vessels ‫ ﻇﺮوف‬1-1-6

6.1.1.1 If the liquid volume in the vessel ‫ ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻜﻌﺐ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬10 ‫ اﮔﺮ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ در ﻇﺮف ﺑﻴﺶ از‬1-1-1-6
exceeds 10 m³ (calculated at normal liquid level ‫)ﺑﺎ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻧﺮﻣﺎل ﻣﺎﻳﻊ درون ﻇﺮف و ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰودن‬
with the addition of a tray and reboiler
inventory in case of towers, and neglecting line
‫ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎت روي ﺳﻴﻨﻲ و ﺑﺎز ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪه ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮج و ﺑﺪون اﺣﺘﺴﺎب‬
inventory) and one or more of the following ‫ﻣﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎت ﻣﺎﻳﻊ درون ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ( و ﻳﻚ ﻳﺎ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ از‬
conditions exist, emergency isolation valves ‫ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎي ﺟﺪا ﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬،‫ﺣﺎﻟﺘﻬﺎي زﻳﺮ ﻧﻴﺰ وﺟﻮد داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
shall be provided on vessel outlet line below
normal operating liquid level. ‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ روي ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ از ﻇﺮف و زﻳﺮ ﺳﻄﺢ‬،‫اﺿﻄﺮاري‬
.‫ﻧﺮﻣﺎل ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﮔﺮدد‬
1) Flammable liquid shall confirm to NFPA NFPA 30 ‫( ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﺷﺘﻌﺎل ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬1
No. 30 as follows: :‫ﺑﺼﻮرت زﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
Any liquid that has a closed-cup flash point ‫ درﺟﻪ‬38 ‫ﻫﺮ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ اﺷﺘﻌﺎل ﻇﺮف ﺑﺴﺘﻪ آن زﻳﺮ‬
below 38° C and a Reid vapor pressure not ‫ درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد ﺑﻴﺶ‬37/8 ‫ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد و ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺨﺎر رﻳﺪ آن در‬
exceeding 275.8 KPa(abs) at 37.8° C, as
‫ ﻛﻴﻠﻮ ﭘﺎﺳﻜﺎل)ﻣﻄﻠﻖ( ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ )ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬275/8 ‫از‬
determined by ASTM D 323, Standard
Method of Test for Vapor Pressure of ‫ روش آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺨﺎر ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت‬D323 ‫ ﺑﺨﺶ‬ASTM
Petroleum Products (Reid Method), are .‫ ﻗﺮار ﻣﻲ ﮔﻴﺮد‬I ‫ در ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي‬،(‫روش رﻳﺪ‬- ‫ﻧﻔﺘﻲ‬
classified as class I.

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Class I liquids are further classified as ‫ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ روش زﻳﺮ دﺳﺘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي‬I ‫ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎت ﻃﺒﻘﻪ‬،‫ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺐ آن‬
follows: :‫ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
- Class IA liquids – those liquids that have ‫ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺗﻲ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ اﺷﺘﻌﺎل آﻧﻬﺎ‬-IA ‫ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎت ﻃﺒﻘﻪ‬-
flash points below 23° C and boiling points ‫ درﺟﻪ‬38 ‫ درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد و ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺟﻮش آﻧﻬﺎ زﻳﺮ‬23 ‫زﻳﺮ‬
below 38° C.
.‫ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬

- Class IB liquids – those liquids that have ‫ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺗﻲ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ اﺷﺘﻌﺎل آﻧﻬﺎ‬-IB ‫ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎت ﻃﺒﻘﻪ‬-
flash points below 23° C and boiling points
at or above 38° C. ‫ درﺟﻪ‬38 ‫ درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد و ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺟﻮش آﻧﻬﺎ‬23 ‫زﻳﺮ‬
.‫ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
- Class IC liquids – those liquids that have ‫ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺗﻲ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ اﺷﺘﻌﺎل‬-IC ‫ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎت ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي‬-
flash points at or above 23° C but below 38° ‫ درﺟﻪ‬38 ‫ درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ وﻟﻲ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از‬23 ‫آﻧﻬﺎ‬
C.
.‫ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
2) Liquids that are heated above their flash
.‫ ﮔﺮم ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬،‫( ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ از ﻧﻘﻄﻪ اﺷﺘﻌﺎل آﻧﻬﺎ‬2
point.
.‫ درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬260 ‫( دﻣﺎ‬3
3) Temperature is 260°C or higher.
.‫ ﻛﻴﻠﻮ ﭘﺎﺳﻜﺎل )ﻧﺴﺒﻲ( ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬1960 ‫( ﻓﺸﺎر‬4
4) Pressure is 1960 kPa(ga) or greater.

6.1.1.2 The valve shall be located no farther ‫ ﻣﺘﺮ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ اﻓﻘﻲ از ﻛﻨﺎر ﻇﺮف‬9 ‫ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ دورﺗﺮ از‬2-1-1-6
than 9 meters measured horizontally from the ‫ ﻃﻮل ﻛﻞ ﺧﻂ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺣﺪ ﻓﺎﺻﻞ ﻧﺎزل ﺗﺎ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ‬.‫ﻗﺮار داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
side of the vessel. The total pipe length from the
nozzle to the valve shall not exceed 15 meters.
.‫ ﻣﺘﺮ ﺗﺠﺎوز ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬15 ‫از‬

6.1.1.3 Valves shall be operable from grade or ‫ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺑﻬﺮه ﺑﺮداري از ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎ از ﺳﻄﺢ ﻫﻢ ﺗﺮاز و ﻳﺎ از‬3-1-1-6
platform as follows: :‫ﺳﻜﻮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت زﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
1) Access to a manually operated valve shall ‫( دﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻴﺮ دﺳﺘﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ اي ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺘﻮان آن‬1
be considered acceptable if the valve can be ‫ ﻣﺘﺮ ارﺗﻔﺎع از ﺳﻄﺢ زﻣﻴﻦ ﺑﻜﺎر‬6 ‫را از روي ﺳﻜﻮي ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از‬
operated from a platform no more than 6
meters above grade and access to the
.‫اﻧﺪاﺧﺖ و دﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻜﻮ ﻧﻴﺰ از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﭘﻠﻜﺎن ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
platform is by stairway. Access to the .‫دﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻜﻮ از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻧﺮدﺑﺎن ﻣﺠﺎز ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‬
platform by ladder is not permitted.

2) Valves having sizes DN 200 (8 inches) ‫ اﻳﻨﭻ( ﻳﺎ‬8) 200 ‫( ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻧﺪازه ﻗﻄﺮ اﺳﻤﻲ‬2
and smaller may be manually operated and ‫ﻛﻮﭼﻜﺘﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت دﺳﺘﻲ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ و‬
may be fitted with extension spindles, angle
drives and so forth, to fulfill the criteria of
‫ ﮔﺮداﻧﻨﺪه زاوﻳﻪ اي و ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ‬،‫ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﻠﻪ ﮔﺮدان ﺑﻠﻨﺪ‬
operability from grade. ‫اﻳﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﻛﺎﻣﻼ در ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﺑﻬﺮه ﺑﺮداري از روي‬
.‫ﺳﻄﺢ ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‬
3) Valves having sizes DN 250 (10 inches) ‫ اﻳﻨﭻ( ﻳﺎ‬10)250 ‫( ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻧﺪازه ﻗﻄﺮ اﺳﻤﻲ‬3
and larger shall be electrically or ‫ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺼﻮرت ﺑﺮﻗﻲ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎدي ﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ و‬
pneumatically operated and controls shall be
located in a place at grade safe from the
‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮل آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﻧﻘﻄﻪ اي اﻳﻤﻦ از ﺧﻄﺮ آﺗﺶ و روي ﺳﻄﺢ‬
danger of fire. .‫زﻣﻴﻦ ﻗﺮار داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬

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6.1.1.4 If liquid on a side-draw flows into the ‫ اﮔﺮ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻧﻬﺎي ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻪ ﻇﺮف دوﻣﻲ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻳﻚ‬4-1-1-6
bottom of a second vessel, such as a stripper ‫ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﻳﺎﺑﺪ و ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻣﺤﻔﻈﻪ ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﺑﻪ‬،‫ﻋﺎري ﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬
and the total liquid in the draw-off pan plus that ‫ ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻜﻌﺐ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﻳﻚ ﻳﺎ ﭼﻨﺪ‬10 ‫اﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺗﻪ ﻇﺮف دوم ﺑﻴﺶ از‬
in the bottom of the second vessel exceeds 10 ‫ ﻓﻮق اﻟﺬﻛﺮ ﻧﻴﺰ‬1-1-1-6 ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺖ از ﭼﻬﺎر ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﻨﺪرج در ﺑﻨﺪ‬
m³ and one or more of the four conditions noted
in item 6.1.1.1 above exist, then an emergency ‫ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺟﺪا ﻛﻨﻨﺪه اﺿﻄﺮاري ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺧﻂ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ‬،‫ﻣﻮﺟﻮد ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
isolation valve shall be installed on the bottom .‫ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ از ﺗﻪ ﻇﺮف دوم ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﻮد‬
outlet line of the second vessel.

6.1.1.5 Where a vessel outlet, within the scope ‫ ﻛﻪ در ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ‬،‫ درﺟﺎﺋﻴﻜﻪ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ از ﻳﻚ ﻇﺮف‬5-1-1-6
of item 6.1.1.1 above is divided in a manifold ‫ در ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﭼﻨﺪ راﻫﻪ در‬،‫ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻗﺮار دارد‬1-1-1-6 ‫ﻣﻨﺪرج در ﺑﻨﺪ‬
system of branches (each with a valve), an ‫( ﻧﻴﺎز ﺑﻪ‬،‫ﭼﻨﺪ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد )ﻛﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺷﻴﺮ دارد‬
emergency isolation block valve is not required ‫ﺷﻴﺮ ﺟﺪا ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻧﺪارد در ﺻﻮرﺗﻴﻜﻪ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎي ﺑﺎز در ﺣﺎﻟﺖ‬
if no more than two valves, meeting the
requirements of item 6.1.1.3 above, are ‫ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﻣﻨﺪرج در ﺑﻨﺪ‬2 ‫ﻧﺮﻣﺎل ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ‬
normally open, an emergency isolation block ‫ را دارا ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ و در ﻏﻴﺮ اﻳﻨﺼﻮرت ﭼﻨﺎﻧﭽﻪ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎي‬3-1-1-6
valve is required upstream of the manifold, if ‫ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻓﻠﻜﻪ‬3 ‫ﺑﺎز روي ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻫﺎ در ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻧﺮﻣﺎل ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ‬
three or more valves are normally open.
‫ ﺑﺎﻻ دﺳﺖ‬،‫ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻳﻚ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﺮاي ﺣﺎﻟﺖ اﺿﻄﺮاري‬،‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
.‫ﭼﻨﺪ راﻫﻪ ﻧﻴﺎز ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد‬
6.1.2 Furnaces ‫ ﻛﻮره ﻫﺎ‬2-1-6
‫ ﺧﻄﻮط ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻛﻮره ﻫﺎي ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي و‬1-2-1-6
6.1.2.1 Fuel lines to process furnaces and steam
boilers shall be provided with remotely operated ‫دﻳﮕﻬﺎي ﺑﺨﺎر ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎي اﺿﻄﺮاري ﻋﻤﻞ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻛﻨﺘﺮل‬
emergency valves. These solenoid operated ‫( ﺑﺎ‬TSO) ‫ اﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎي ﻗﻄﻊ ﺑﺪون ﻧﺸﺖ ﺣﺒﺎب‬.‫از راه دور ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
bubble tight shut off (TSO) valves shall be ‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ روي ﺧﻂ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ اﺻﻠﻲ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻫﺮ‬،‫ﻋﻤﻠﮕﺮ ﺳﻮﻟﻮﻧﻮﺋﻴﺪي‬
installed in each main furnace fuel line adjacent ‫ﻛﻮره و در ﻣﺠﺎورت ﺷﻴﺮ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺟﺮﻳﺎن اﺻﻠﻲ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻛﻮره ﻧﺼﺐ‬
to the control valve. Operation shall be remote ‫ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت اﻳﻦ ﻧﻮع ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺼﻮرت ﻛﻨﺘﺮل از دور دﺳﺘﻲ ﻳﺎ‬.‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
manual or automatic on closing and manual ‫ﺧﻮدﻛﺎر ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﺪن ﺷﻴﺮ و ﻓﻘﻂ ﺑﺼﻮرت دﺳﺘﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺎز‬
only opening. Loss of fuel or atomizing steam ‫ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻳﺎ اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺨﺎر ﭘﻮدر‬.‫ﻛﺮدن ﺷﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
pressure shall also automatically close these .‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻄﻮر ﺧﻮدﻛﺎر اﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎ را ﺑﺒﻨﺪد‬
valves.
‫ ﻳﻚ ﺷﻴﺮ دﺳﺘﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﻫﺮ‬،‫ ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ ﻣﻄﻠﺐ ﻓﻮق اﻟﺬﻛﺮ‬2-2-1-6
6.1.2.2 In addition to the above, a manually
operated block valve shall be provided in each ‫ اﻳﻦ ﻣﻮرد ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺧﻂ‬.‫ﺧﻂ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
fuel line. This includes the pilot gas supply line ،‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺷﻤﻌﻚ در ﺻﻮرﺗﻴﻜﻪ ﺑﺼﻮرت ﻳﻚ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺟﺪا ﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
if it is a separate line. These valves shall be ‫ ﻣﺘﺮي از‬15 ‫ اﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ اﻓﻘﻲ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ‬.‫ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد‬
located at least 15 meters horizontally from the .‫ ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‬،‫ﻛﻮره ﻳﺎ دﻳﮓ ﺑﺨﺎر ﺗﺤﺖ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ‬

furnace or boiler being protected. In some ‫ ﻳﻚ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﺪه در ﻣﺤﺪوده واﺣﺪ ﺑﻪ‬،‫در ﺑﻌﻀﻲ از ﻣﻮارد‬
instance, a plant battery limit valve may be used .‫ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد‬،‫ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮآورد اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ذﻛﺮ ﺷﺪه در ﺑﺎﻻ‬
to meet the above requirement.

6.1.2.3 Atomizing steam lines to furnaces shall ‫ ﺧﻄﻮط ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﺨﺎر ﭘﻮدر ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﻪ ﻛﻮره ﻫﺎ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻄﻮر‬3-2-1-6
not be cut off automatically but shall be stopped ‫ اﻣﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺴﺘﻦ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻓﺸﺎر روي اﻳﻦ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ‬،‫ﺧﻮدﻛﺎر ﻗﻄﻊ ﮔﺮدد‬
by closing the pressure control valve on this
line.
.‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﺷﻮد‬

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6.1.2.4 Emergency valve on the snuffing steam ‫ ﺷﻴﺮ اﺿﻄﺮاري روي ﺧﻂ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﺨﺎر ﺧﻔﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺷﻌﻠﻪ‬4-2-1-6
line shall be located at least 15 meters ‫ ﻣﺘﺮي از ﻛﻮره ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﻮد و ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ‬15 ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ اﻓﻘﻲ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ‬
horizontally from the furnace and operable from
grade.
.‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت از ﺳﻄﺢ زﻣﻴﻦ را داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬

6.1.2.5 Burner isolation valves from the main ‫ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎي ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي ﻫﺮ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ از ﺧﻄﻮط ﻟﻮﻟﻪ اﺻﻠﻲ‬5-2-1-6
fuels and steam shall not be located under the ‫ﺳﻮﺧﺖ و ﺑﺨﺎر ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ زﻳﺮ ﻛﻮره ﻧﺼﺐ ﮔﺮدﻧﺪ و ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﻳﻚ‬
heater and shall be arranged to be within arms
length of the peep-holes enabling burner flames
‫دﺳﺖ از روزﻧﻪ دﻳﺪ ﺑﻮده و ﺑﻄﻮري ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﭼﻴﺪه ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺷﻌﻠﻪ‬
to be seen. .‫ﻣﺸﻌﻠﻬﺎ از داﺧﻞ روزﻧﻪ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ روﻳﺖ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬

6.1.2.6 The regulated pilot gas, where possible ‫ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد ﮔﺎز ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺮاي ﺷﻤﻌﻜﻬﺎ در‬6-2-1-6
should be from an independent sweet gas supply ‫ﺻﻮرت اﻣﻜﺎن از ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﮔﺎز ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻨﺸﻌﺐ از ﺧﻂ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ‬
or from a separate off-take on the fuel gas main ‫ ﺑﺎ‬،(‫اﺻﻠﻲ ﮔﺎز ﺳﻮﺧﺖ)در ﺑﺎﻻ دﺳﺖ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل اﺻﻠﻲ ﮔﺎز ﺳﻮﺧﺖ‬
(upstream of main fuel gas control valve) with
‫ﺷﻴﺮ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه اﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻﻲ و ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻣﺴﺪود ﻛﻨﻨﺪه آن ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ‬
its own spaded block valve. If continuous pilots
are specified, additionally a solenoid operated ‫ اﮔﺮ ﺷﻤﻌﻜﻬﺎ ﺑﺮاي روﺷﻦ ﺑﻮدن داﺋﻤﻲ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه‬.‫ﮔﺮدد‬
shut-off valve shall be installed in the pilot gas ‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬،‫ ﻳﻚ ﺷﻴﺮ اﺿﺎﻓﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﮕﺮ ﺳﻮﻟﻮﻧﻮﺋﻴﺪي ﻗﻄﻊ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن‬،‫ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
line operated by emergency shut-down switch ‫روي ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺧﻂ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﮔﺎز ﺷﻤﻌﻜﻬﺎ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺑﺎ‬
only. Low pressure alarm on pilot gas line shall
also be fitted.
‫ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺧﻂ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﮔﺎز‬.‫ﺳﻮﺋﻴﭻ ﺗﻮﻗﻒ اﺿﻄﺮاري ﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬
.‫ﺷﻤﻌﻜﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺸﺪار دﻫﻨﺪه ﻓﺸﺎر ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﮔﺎز ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
6.1.3 Compressors ‫ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮرﻫﺎ‬3-1-6

6.1.3.1 Emergency block valves shall be ‫ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻣﺴﺪود ﻛﻨﻨﺪه اﺿﻄﺮاري ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﻣﺴﻴﺮﻫﺎي‬1-3-1-6
provided in the suction and discharge lines of all ‫ورودي و ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻫﻤﻪ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮرﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻴﺮوي ﻣﺤﺮﻛﻪ آﻧﻬﺎ‬
compressors having a driver of over 150
kilowatts. When the discharge goes to two
‫ ﺑﺮاي ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮرﻫﺎﻳﻲ‬.‫ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﺷﻮد‬،‫ ﻛﻴﻠﻮ وات ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬150 ‫ﺑﻴﺶ از‬
different locations, block valves shall be ‫ اﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎ روي‬،‫ﻛﻪ داراي دو ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
installed on both discharge lines. .‫ﻫﺮ دو ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
6.1.3.2 Compressors under 750 kilowatts may ‫ در ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮرﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻴﺮوي ﻣﺤﺮﻛﻪ آﻧﻬﺎ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از‬2-3-1-6
have hand-operated emergency block valves in ‫ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ از ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﺴﺪود ﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬،‫ ﻛﻴﻠﻮ وات ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬750
sizes up to and including DN 200 (8 inches). For
larger valve sizes, remote power-operated
‫ اﻳﻨﭻ( از ﻧﻮع دﺳﺘﻲ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬8) 200 ‫ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺗﺎ اﻧﺪازه ﺑﺎ ﻗﻄﺮ اﺳﻤﻲ‬
valves shall be used. ‫ ﺑﺮاي ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎي ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ از ﻧﻮع ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎي ﺑﺮﻗﻲ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬.‫ﺷﻮد‬
.‫از دور اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد‬
If a hand-operated emergency valve is used, it ‫ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ آن ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در‬،‫اﮔﺮ از ﺷﻴﺮ اﺿﻄﺮاري دﺳﺘﻲ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد‬
shall be located at least 9 meters horizontally ‫ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎي اﺿﻄﺮاري‬.‫ ﻣﺘﺮي از ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮر ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬9 ‫ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ اﻓﻘﻲ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ‬
from the compressor. Remotely-operated
‫ ﻫﺮ‬،‫ ﻣﺘﺮي ﻧﺼﺐ ﻧﻤﻮد‬9 ‫ﻗﻄﻊ از دور ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﻧﺰدﻳﻜﺘﺮ از ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ‬
emergency shutoff valves may be located closer
than 9 meters, however the control station shall ‫ ﻣﺘﺮي‬15 ‫ﭼﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ اﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﻛﻨﺘﺮل دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ‬
be installed at least 15 meters from the .‫از ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮر ﻧﺼﺐ ﮔﺮدد‬
compressor.

6.1.3.3 Compressors of 750 kilowatts and larger ‫ ﻛﻴﻠﻮ‬750 ‫ در ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮرﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻴﺮوي ﻣﺤﺮﻛﻪ آﻧﻬﺎ‬3-3-1-6
shall have remotely-operated emergency block ‫وات ﻳﺎ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ داراي ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎي اﺿﻄﺮاري ﻣﺴﺪود ﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬
valves.
.‫ﻣﺴﻴﺮ از ﻧﻮع ﻛﻨﺘﺮل از دور ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
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A control station shall be located in the area of

15 ‫ﺗﺎﺑﻠﻮي ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﻣﺤﻮﻃﻪ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮرﻫﺎ و ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ در ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ‬
the compressor, at least 15 meters away in a ‫ ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻬﻮﻟﺖ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ دﺳﺘﺮس ﺑﻮده و در ﻋﻴﻦ‬،‫ﻣﺘﺮي از آن‬
readily accessible location which is not likely to ‫ ﻧﺼﺐ‬،‫ﺣﺎل اﺣﺘﻤﺎل در ﻣﻌﺮض آﺗﺶ ﺑﻮدن آن وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪاﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
be exposed to fire. A second control station
.‫ اﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در اﺗﺎق ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﻮد‬.‫ﺷﻮد‬
shall be installed in the control room.

6.2 Depressuring ‫ ﻓﺸﺎر زداﻳﻲ‬2-6

The following paragraphs describe the ‫ﭘﺎراﮔﺮاﻓﻬﺎي زﻳﺮ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﻧﺼﺐ و روال ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ را ﺑﺮاي‬
installation standards and design practice for ‫ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎي ﻓﺸﺎر زدا ﺑﻴﺎن ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ در واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﺑﺎ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ‬
depressuring valves which are used to protect
‫ﺑﺎﻻ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه و در ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ اﺿﻄﺮاري ﺑﺎ ﻓﺸﺎر زداﻳﻲ از واﺣﺪ‬
Units operating at high pressures from an
emergency situation by depressuring. .‫ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺖ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬
It is understood that the temperature of the ‫ دﻣﺎي ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ‬،‫ﺑﺎ آﮔﺎﻫﻲ از اﻳﻦ ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ﻛﻪ در ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻓﺸﺎر‬
system may fall excessively as a result of ‫ ﻟﺬا ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ‬،‫ﻓﺮاﻳﻨﺪي ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ زﻳﺎدي ﻣﻮاﺟﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد‬
depressuring, thus requiring checking of other
equipment for corresponding temperature and ‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات از ﻧﻈﺮ دﻣﺎ و ﻓﺸﺎر و اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﻫﻴﺪرات ﺿﺮوري‬
pressure changes and chance of hydrate .‫اﺳﺖ‬
formation.

Also it is conceivable that any sudden opening ‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺖ اﻣﻜﺎن وارد آﻣﺪن ﺷﻮك ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ‬
of the valves may import shock to the flare ‫ ﻛﻪ اﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ‬،‫ﺑﺮ اﺛﺮ ﺑﺎز ﺷﺪن ﻧﺎﮔﻬﺎﻧﻲ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
header, hence this should be checked depending
.‫ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺎﻻت ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺖ ﻣﺠﺰا ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد‬
on individual cases. The installation points of
these valves should be clearly indicated on the ‫ ﺑﻪ‬P&ID ‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد ﻣﺤﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ اﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎ روي ﻧﻘﺸﻪ ﻫﺎي‬
P&IDs. .‫وﺿﻮح ﻧﺸﺎن داده ﺷﺪه ﺷﻮد‬
6.2.1 Design practice ‫ روال ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬1-2-6

6.2.1.1 Vapor depressuring system shall be ‫ ﭼﻨﺎﻧﭽﻪ واﺣﺪ ﻓﺮاﻳﻨﺪي اﺣﺘﻤﺎل رو در رو ﺷﺪن ﺑﺎ ﻳﻜﻲ‬1-1-2-6
installed on equipment if one of the following ‫ روي‬،‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻓﺸﺎرزداﻳﻲ ﺑﺨﺎرات‬،‫از ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ زﻳﺮ را داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
conditions are encountered.
.‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻓﺮاﻳﻨﺪي ﻧﺼﺐ ﮔﺮدد‬
1) Operating pressure is above 1800 kPa (ga). .‫ ﻛﻴﻠﻮ ﭘﺎﺳﻜﺎل )ﻧﺴﺒﻲ( ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬1800 ‫( ﻓﺸﺎر ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﺑﻴﺶ از‬1
2) Process equipment contains more than 2 ‫( ﻣﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎت ﻣﺎﻳﻊ درون ﻫﺮ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰ ﻓﺮاﻳﻨﺪي در ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻧﺮﻣﺎل‬2
tunes of liquid (C4 or more volatile) under .(‫ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻮاد ﻓﺮارﺗﺮ‬C4 ‫ ﺗﻦ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ )ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬2 ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﺑﻴﺶ از‬
normal condition.

6.2.1.2 Depressuring valves shall be located ‫ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎي ﻓﺸﺎر زدا ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬،‫ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ از ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات‬2-1-2-6
near the equipment to be protected. They shall ‫ اﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻳﺎ از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ اﺗﺎق‬.‫ﻧﺰدﻳﻚ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‬
be operated from the control room or a remote
accessible location at grade. The valve, electric
‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻳﺎ از دور از ﻳﻚ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ دﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ ﺑﺮوي زﻣﻴﻦ ﻋﻤﻞ‬
motor and the portion of their supply lines ‫ ﺷﻴﺮ و ﻣﻮﺗﻮر اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ و ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻲ از ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺧﻮراك ﭼﻨﺎﻧﭽﻪ‬.‫ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‬
located within the fire area shall be fireproofed. ‫ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺖ ﻫﻤﮕﻲ ﺿﺪ آﺗﺶ‬،‫در ﻣﺤﻮﻃﻪ ﺧﻄﺮ آﺗﺶ ﻗﺮار دارﻧﺪ‬
.‫ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
6.2.1.3 The initial pressure is commonly taken ‫ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻤﻮل ﻓﺸﺎر ﻧﺮﻣﺎل ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻓﺸﺎر‬3-1-2-6
as the operating pressure, however the ‫ ﻣﻌﻬﺬا ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ روال ﻋﻤﻠﻴـــﺎﺗﻲ و‬،‫اوﻟﻴﻪ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد‬
equipment design pressure shall be used as the

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initial pressure considering operating practices ‫ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ‬،‫زﻣﺎن ﻻزم ﺑﺮاي واﻛﻨﺶ اﭘﺮاﺗﻮر‬
and operator response time. Unless otherwise ‫ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺰ در ﻣﻮاردي ﻛﻪ ﺑﺼﻮرت‬.‫ﻋﻨﻮان ﻓﺸﺎر اوﻟﻴﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدد‬
specified the pressure of the equipment shall be
‫ دﻗﻴﻘﻪ‬15 ‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات در ﻃﻲ‬،‫دﻳﮕﺮي ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
reduced to 50% of the vessel design pressure
within 15 minutes while vapor is being ‫ درﺻﺪ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ داده ﺷﻮد در ﺣﺎﻟﻴﻜﻪ ﻣﻘﺪار ﺑﺨﺎر‬50 ‫ﺗﺎ‬
generated at a rate corresponding to the :‫ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ زﻳﺮ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد‬
following:

1) Vapor generated from liquid by heat input ‫ ﺑﻪ‬،‫( ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﺨﺎر از ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﮔﺮﻣﺎي ﺟﺬب ﺷﺪه از آﺗﺶ‬1
from a fire, plus ‫اﺿﺎﻓﻪ‬
2) Density change of the vapor in the ‫ ﺑﻪ‬،‫( ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ داﻧﺴﻴﺘﻪ ﺑﺨﺎر در ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات در ﺣﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻓﺸﺎر‬2
equipment during pressure reduction, plus
‫اﺿﺎﻓﻪ‬
3) Liquid flashing during pressure reduction.
‫( ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ آﻧﻲ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎت ﺑﺮ اﺛﺮ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻓﺸﺎر‬3
6.2.1.4 The valves shall be spring-loaded, ‫ ﻫﻮا و دﻳﺎﻓﺮاﮔﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ‬،‫ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻧﻴﺮوي ﻓﻨﺮ‬4-1-2-6
pneumatic, diaphragm operated without valve ‫ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ و ﺑﺪون ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ و ﺑﺼﻮرت ﻗﻄﻊ ﺑﺪون‬
positioner and shall have tight shut-off and
failure open (FO) functions. The minimum size
‫ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ اﻧﺪازه‬.‫ﻧﺸﺖ و ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎز در ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻗﻄﻊ )ﺳﻴﮕﻨﺎل( ﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‬
of the depressuring valves shall be DN 25 (1 ‫ اﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎ‬.‫)ﻳﻚ اﻳﻨﭻ( ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬25 ‫ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎي ﻓﺸﺎر زدا ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻗﻄﺮ اﺳﻤﻲ‬
inches). They shall not be provided with a ‫ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﺴﺪود ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﺼﻮرت‬.‫ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻠﻜﻪ دﺳﺘﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
handwheel. Locked open (LO) block valves
shall be provided to isolate them. Locked closed ‫ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺖ ﺑﺮاي ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎي ﻓﺸﺎرزدا در‬،‫ﻗﻔﻞ در ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﺎز‬
(LC) bypass valves shall be provided at grade ‫ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻛﻨﺎرﮔﺬر ﺑﺼﻮرت ﻗﻔﻞ در ﺣﺎﻟﺖ‬.‫ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
with steam tracing if required. The arrangement
in the vicinity of the depressuring valve (‫ﺑﺴﺘﻪ در ﺳﻄﺢ زﻣﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﮔﺮم ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﺨﺎري )اﮔﺮ ﻧﻴﺎز ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
(typical) is shown in Fig. 1 below for reference. ‫ آراﻳﺶ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات در ﻣﺠﺎورت ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎي ﻓﺸﺎرزدا‬.‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﺷﻮد‬
.‫ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﻧﺸﺎن داده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬1 ‫)ﺑﺼﻮرت ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ( در ﺷﻜﻞ‬

Fig. 1-TYPICAL ARRANGEMENT IN THE VICINITY OF THE DEPRESSURING VALVE

‫ آراﻳﺶ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ در ﻣﺠﺎورت ﺷﻴﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر زدا‬-1 ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬

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 Aug. 2009 / 1388 ‫ﻣﺮداد‬ IPS-E-PR-470(1)

6.2.1.5 The method of calculating the total ‫ روش ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻣﻴﺰان ﻛﻞ ﺑﺎر ﺑﺨﺎر ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻛﻪ‬5-1-2-6
vapor load for a system to be depressured is ‫ از اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺷﻤﺎره‬19-3 ‫ﻣﻲﺑﺎﻳﺴﺖ ﻓﺸﺎرزداﻳﻲ ﺷﻮد در ﺑﺨﺶ‬
given in API RP 521 Section 3.19 .
.‫ داده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬API RP 521
6.3 ESD and Critical Instrumentation ‫ ﺗﻮﻗﻒ اﺿﻄﺮاري و ادوات اﺑﺰار دﻗﻴﻖ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻲ‬3-6
The instrument that are classified as emergency ‫ادوات اﺑﺰار دﻗﻴﻘﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﻗﻒ اﺿﻄﺮاري و‬
shutdown systems and safety critical controls ‫ ﺑﺮاي ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري اﻳﻤﻦ‬،‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻟﻬﺎي اﻳﻤﻨﻲ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﺷﺪه اﻧﺪ‬
that are key to maintaining safety in the process
‫ ﻛﻪ در اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬،‫ﻓﺮاﻳﻨﺪﻫﺎ در ﺣﺎﻟﺖ اﺿﻄﺮاري ﻧﻘﺶ ﻛﻠﻴﺪي دارﻧﺪ‬
emergencies as defined in ISA 91.00.01 apply
to the following system; ‫ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد آﻧﻬﺎ در ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي زﻳﺮ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ‬91.00.01 ‫ ﺷﻤﺎره‬ISA
‫ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ؛‬
6.3.1 Emergency shutdown system ‫ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﻮﻗﻒ اﺿﻄﺮاري‬1-3-6

‫ادوات اﺑﺰار دﻗﻴﻖ و ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﻧﮕﻬﺪاﺷﺘﻦ ﻓﺮاﻳﻨﺪ ﻳﺎ‬

Instrumentation and controls installed for the
purpose of taking the process, or specific ‫ اﻳﻦ‬.‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻓﺮاﻳﻨﺪي ﺧﺎص در ﺣﺎﻟﺖ اﻳﻤﻦ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
equipment in the process, to a safe state. This
does not include instrumentation and controls ‫ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ادوات اﺑﺰار دﻗﻴﻖ و ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻫﺎي ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺮاي ﺣﺎﻟﺖ‬
installed for non-emergency shutdowns or .‫ﺗﻮﻗﻔﻬﺎي ﻏﻴﺮ اﺿﻄﺮاري ﻳﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت ﻋﺎدي ﻓﺮاﻳﻨﺪي ﻧﻤﻲ ﺷﻮد‬
routine operations. Emergency shutdown
systems may include electrical, electronic, ،‫ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﻗﻒ اﺿﻄﺮاري ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺮﻗﻲ‬
pneumatic, mechanical, and hydraulic systems ‫ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻲ و ﻫﻴﺪروﻟﻴﻜﻲ) ﺑﺎﻧﻀﻤﺎم ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي‬،‫ ﻫﻮاﻳﻲ‬،‫اﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﻜﻲ‬
(including those systems that are
programmable). .‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ رﻳﺰي( ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬

6.3.1.1 In design of emergency S/D systems, the ‫ در ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﻗﻒ اﺿﻄﺮاري وﻳﮋﮔﻴﻬﺎي زﻳﺮ‬1-1-3-6
following features shall be considered: :‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد‬
1) Test of the system should not cause S/D ‫( ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد آزﻣﻮن ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻓﻌﺎل ﺷﺪن ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات‬1
devices to operate. .‫ﺗﻮﻗﻒ اﺿﻄﺮاري ﻧﮕﺮدد‬
2) Bypassing of an emergency device in a ‫( ﻛﻨﺎر ﮔﺬر ﻛﺮدن ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ از اﺟﺰاي ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﻮﻗﻒ اﺿﻄﺮاري‬2
system shall give a lasting light indication in
the control room. ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ روﺷﻦ ﺷﺪن ﻳﻚ ﭼﺮاغ ﻫﺸﺪار ﺛﺎﺑﺖ در اﺗﺎق‬
.‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺷﻮد‬
3) "First-out" and fail-safe features shall be ‫( و‬First-Out) ‫( ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﻫﺎي اوﻟﻴﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻮﻗﻒ اﺿﻄﺮاري‬3
provided. .‫اﻳﻤﻦ در ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻗﻄﻊ)ﺳﻴﮕﻨﺎل( ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
4) All emergency switches shall be secured ‫( ﻫﻤﻪ ﻛﻠﻴﺪﻫﺎي اﺿﻄﺮاري ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻓﻌﺎل ﺷﺪن اﺗﻔﺎﻗﻲ‬4
against accidental activation. .‫ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
‫( ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪ اﻣﻜﺎن ﺑﺎﻳﺪ از ﻫﺸﺪارﻫﺎي ﺑﺼﺮي ﻛﻪ ﻳﻜﻲ از آﻧﻬﺎ‬5
5) The visual alarm shall be used where
possible, one working as pre-alarm. ،‫ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد‬،‫ﺑﻌﻨﻮان ﭘﻴﺶ ﻫﺸﺪار اوﻟﻴﻪ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬

6.3.2 Safety critical control ‫ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻲ اﻳﻤﻨﻲ‬2-3-6

A control whose failure to operate properly will ‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻟﻲ ﻛﻪ اﮔﺮ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﻜﻨﺪ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎً ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺎﺟﻌﻪﻫﺎي‬
directly result in a catastrophic release of toxic, ‫ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﺷﺘﻌﺎل ﻳﺎ ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﻧﻔﺠﺎر‬،‫ واﻛﻨﺶ زا‬،‫ﻧﺸﺖ ﻣﻮاد ﺳﻤﻲ‬
reactive, flammable, or explosive chemical.
.‫ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‬

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Note: :‫ﻳﺎدآوري‬
Items 6.3.1 and 6.3.2 shall be on the bases of :‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎي ﻣﻌﻴﺎرﻫﺎي زﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬2-3-6 ‫ و‬1-3-6 ‫ﺑﻨﺪ ﻫﺎي‬
following factors:
a) Emergency shutdown systems and safety ‫اﻟﻒ( ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد در زﻣﺎن ﺗﺠﺰﻳﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺮات‬
critical controls should be identified during a
‫ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﻗﻒ اﺿﻄﺮاري و ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻟﻬﺎي ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻲ‬،‫ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي‬
process hazard analysis for those events
judged likely to occur at an unacceptable ‫اﻳﻤﻨﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺼﻮرت ﻏﻴﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻮﻟﻲ اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﺗﻜﺮار آن ﻣﻴﺮود‬
frequency. .‫ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﮔﺮدﻧﺪ‬
b) Emergency shutdown systems and safety ‫ب( ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﻗﻒ اﺿﻄﺮاري و ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻟﻬﺎي ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻲ اﻳﻤﻨﻲ‬
critical controls shall be identified and ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ روﺷﻲ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ و ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪﺳﺎزي ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ از دﻳﮕﺮ‬
documented in a manner that clearly
distinguishes them from other control ‫ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻟﻲ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل اﺻﻠﻲ واﺣﺪ ﺑﻪ وﺿﻮح‬
systems, such as the basic process control .‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﺰ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
system.

c) All emergency shutdown systems and ‫ج( ﻫﻤﻪ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﻗﻒ اﺿﻄﺮاري و ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻟﻬﺎي ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻲ‬
safety critical controls shall be periodically ‫اﻳﻤﻨﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﺤﺖ آزﻣﻮن دوره اي ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ و ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮ و‬
tested and maintained in accordance with
user system test procedures taking into ‫ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري آﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ دﺳﺘﻮراﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻫﺎي آزﻣﻮن اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬
account system manufacturer ،‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺳﺎزﻧﺪه ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ را ﻣﺪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺮار داده اﻧﺪ‬
recommendations.
.‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
6.3.3 Trip factor ‫ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻮﻗﻒ‬3-3-6
The following paragraphs summarize the ‫ﭘﺎراﮔﺮاﻓﻬﺎي زﻳﺮ ﺧﻼﺻﻪ اي از ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺗﻮﻗﻒ واﺣﺪﻫﺎ و ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات‬
tripping factors for Units and equipment and :‫ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﺗﻮﻗﻒ در ﻣﻮارد ذﻳﻞ ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
also trip action under the following categories:
1) Furnaces ‫ ﻛﻮره ﻫﺎ‬-1
2) Pumps including hydraulic power ‫ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ اﻧﻀﻤﺎم ﺗﻮرﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﺎز ﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﺤﺮﻛﻪ ﻫﻴﺪروﻟﻴﻜﻲ‬-2
recovery turbine ‫ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮرﻫﺎ‬-3
3) Compressors.
The trip sequence shall be summarized on ‫ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ و ﺗﺴﻠﺴﻞ ﻛﺎر ﺗﻮﻗﻒ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺼﻮرت ﺧﻼﺻﻪ روي ﻧﻘﺸﻪ‬
P&IDs. It is necessary however to prepare the ‫ ﺑﺎ اﻳﻦ وﺟﻮد ﻻزم اﺳﺖ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎن ﻧﻤﻮدار‬.‫ ﻧﺸﺎن داده ﺷﻮد‬P&ID
sequence logic diagram at the same time. Also
it is desirable to explain the outline of trip ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻲ ﺗﺴﻠﺴﻞ آﻣﺎده ﺷﻮد و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﺎت ﻛﻠﻲ از روﻧﺪ‬
sequence and shall be explained in the Unit ‫ﺗﺴﻠﺴﻞ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت ﺗﻮﻗﻒ ﺗﺸﺮﻳﺢ ﺷﺪه و در ﻛﺘﺎﺑﭽﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت واﺣﺪ‬
operating manual. .‫ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ داده ﺷﻮد‬
6.3.3.1 Furnaces ‫ ﻛﻮره ﻫﺎ‬1-3-3-6
The furnaces shall be provided with a shut ‫ﻛﻮره ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﻮﻗﻒ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﺑﻄﻮرﻳﻜﻪ ﻗﺎدر ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
down system which shall cut out the fuel oil and ‫ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﻧﻔﺖ ﻛﻮره و ﮔﺎز ﺳﻮﺧﺖ )ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻫﺮ ﻧﻮع ﮔﺎز زاﺋﺪ ارﺳﺎﻟﻲ‬
fuel gas (including any waste gas to be burnt in
‫ﺑﺮاي ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻦ در ﻛﻮره از ﻗﺒﻴﻞ ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﻣﻴﻌﺎن ﻧﺎﭘﺬﻳﺮ( ﻣﺸﻌﻠﻬﺎي‬
furnace such as noncondensible gases) supply to
the burners and will be actuated by the :‫ﻛﻮره را ﻗﻄﻊ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ و ﺑﺎ اﺛﺮ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ زﻳﺮ ﻓﻌﺎل ﮔﺮدد‬
following cases:

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 Aug. 2009 / 1388 ‫ﻣﺮداد‬ IPS-E-PR-470(1)

1) Low low flow of the total feed to the ‫( ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﻛﻢ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﻛﻞ ﺧﻮراك ورودي ﺑﻪ ﻛﻮره ﻳﺎ‬1
heater or low low flow of passes (two passes ، ‫ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﻛﻢ ﻣﻌﺒﺮﻫﺎ)دو ﻣﻌﺒﺮ ﺑﻪ ازاء ﻫﺮ ﺳﻠﻮل ﻛﻮره‬
per furnace cell, all combined with "AND" "AND" ‫ﭼﻬﺎر ﻣﻌﺒﺮ ﺑﺮاي ﻫﺮ ﺳﻠﻮل ﻛﻮره ﻛﻪ ﻫﻤﮕﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻨﻄﻖ‬
logic for furnaces having four passes per ‫ ﺑﻜﺎرﮔﻴﺮي اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﺎﻳﺮ‬،‫ﺑﻪ ﻫﻢ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺷﺪه اﻧﺪ‬
cell, implementation of similar requirements ‫ﺣﺎﻻت ﻣﻲﺑﺎﻳﺴﺖ ﺑﺼﻮرت ﺟﺪاﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺷﻮد( ﺑﺎ ﻳﻚ ﭘﻴﺶ‬
for other cases shall be studied separately), ‫ ﻣﻌﻴﺎر‬،‫ﻫﺸﺪار دﻫﻨﺪه ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﻛﻢ )ﺑﺮاي ﻛﻮره راﻛﺘﻮر ﻛﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﻲ‬
with pre-alarm at low flow (for catalytic
.(‫ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﺎن ﻟﻴﺴﺎﻧﺲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻼك ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد‬
reactor heater Licensor’s design practice to
be followed).

2) Low low flow of recycle gas (for catalytic ‫( ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﻛﻢ ﮔﺎز ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﻲ)ﺑﺮاي ﻛﻮره راﻛﺘﻮر‬2
reactor heater), with pre-alarm at low flow. .‫ﻛﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﻲ( ﺑﺎ ﭘﻴﺶ ﻫﺸﺪار ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﻛﻢ‬
3) Low low pressure of the pilot gas, with ‫ ﺑﺎ ﭘﻴﺶ ﻫﺸﺪار‬،‫( ﻓﺸﺎر ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﻛﻢ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﮔﺎز ﺷﻤﻌﻜﻬﺎ‬3
pre-alarm at low pressure.
.‫ﻓﺸﺎر ﻛﻢ‬
4) Emergency manual push button (PB) ‫( ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﺪه در اﺗﺎق‬PB) ‫( دﻛﻤﻪ دﺳﺘﻲ ﺗﻮﻗﻒ اﺿﻄﺮاري‬4
installed in the central control room. .‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻣﺮﻛﺰي‬

5) High high pressure of the combustion ‫ ﺑﺎ ﭘﻴﺶ ﻫﺸﺪار‬،‫( ﻓﺸﺎر ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﻻي ﻣﺤﻔﻈﻪ اﺣﺘﺮاق ﻛﻮره‬5
chamber of the heater, with pre-alarm at high ‫ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺎﻻ )ﺑﺮاي ﻛﻮره ﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﭘﻴﺶ ﮔﺮﻣﻜﻦ ﻫﻮا‬
pressure (for heaters for which an air
preheating system is foreseen).
.(‫در آن ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬

6) Low low flow of the combustion air or ‫( ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﻛﻢ ﻫﻮاي اﺣﺘﺮاق ﻳﺎ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﻛﻢ در‬6
low low pressure at FDF discharge (or ‫ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﺑﺎدزن دﻣﻨﺪه )ﻳﺎ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ دﺳﺖ ﭘﻴﺶ ﮔﺮم ﻛﻦ ﻫﻮا( ﻳﺎ‬
downstream of APH) or FDF failure with
pre-alarm.
.‫از ﻛﺎر اﻓﺘﺎدن ﺑﺎدزن دﻣﻨﺪه ﺑﺎ ﭘﻴﺶ ﻫﺸﺪار‬

7) Low low pressure of the fuel gas. .‫( ﻓﺸﺎر ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﻛﻢ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﮔﺎزي‬7
8) Low low pressure of the fuel oil. .‫( ﻓﺸﺎر ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﻛﻢ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬8

9) High high flue gas temperature (upstream ‫( دﻣﺎي ﺧﻴﻠﻲ زﻳﺎد ﮔﺎز دودﻛﺶ)ﺑﺎﻻ دﺳﺖ و ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ دﺳﺖ‬9
and downstream of APH, combined with ً‫ اﮔﺮ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎ‬،("OR" ‫ﭘﻴﺶ ﮔﺮم ﻛﻦ ﻫﻮا ﺑﺎ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻲ‬
"OR" logic), if specifically specified by the
Vendor.
.‫ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺳﺎزﻧﺪه ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬

10) Low low atomizing steam pressure or ‫( ﻓﺸﺎر ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﻛﻢ ﺑﺨﺎر ﭘﻮدر ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻳﺎ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻓﺸﺎر ﺧﻴﻠﻲ‬10
low low differential pressure of atomizing .‫ﻛﻢ ﺑﺨﺎر ﭘﻮدر ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
steam with regard to fuel oil pressure.

11) IDF Failure ‫( از ﻛﺎر اﻓﺘﺎدن ﺑﺎدزن ﻣﻜﻨﺪه‬11

In case of heater shut down, flue gas in the ‫ ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از اﺣﺘﺮاق در‬،‫در ﻣﻮاﻗﻊ از ﻛﺎر اﻓﺘﺎدن ﻛﻮره‬
heater shall be diverted to the foreseen ‫ﻛﻮره ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﺷﺪه ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﺤﺮف‬
alternative destination.
.‫ﮔﺮدﻧﺪ‬

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 Aug. 2009 / 1388 ‫ﻣﺮداد‬ IPS-E-PR-470(1)

Table 1 shows the summary of the shut down ‫( ﺧﻼﺻﻪ اي از ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ از ﻛﺎر اﻧﺪازي ﻛﻮره ﻫﺎ را ﻧﺸﺎن‬1)‫ﺟﺪول‬
system of furnaces, including the devices to ‫ﻣﻲدﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰاﺗﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺷﺮوع ﺗﻮاﻟﻲ ﻣﺴﺪود ﺳﺎزي و‬
initiate the block sequences and pertinent
.‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻋﻤﻞ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
services of the action devices.

TABLE 1 - SHUT DOWN SYSTEM OF FURNACES

‫ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﻮﻗﻒ ﻛﻮره ﻫﺎ‬-1 ‫ﺟﺪول‬
DEVICES TO INITIATE THE BLOCK SEQUENCES BLOCK AND PERTINENT
‫ادوات ﺷﺮوع ﺗﻮاﻟﻲ ﺗﻮﻗﻒ‬ ACTION DEVICES
‫ادوات ﻋﻤﻞ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ وﻣﺴﺪود ﺳﺎز‬
S/D TRIP No. ‫ﺷﻤﺎره ﺗﻮﻗﻒ‬
No. SWITCH CAUSES TRIP SERVICES
‫ﻛﻠﻴﺪ ﺗﻮﻗﻒ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻞ‬ No. ‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﻫﺎ‬
1 2 3 4 5
‫ﺷﻤﺎره‬
‫ﺗﻮﻗﻒ‬
1
1 Low low flow of total feed to the heater or low low flow of × × × Close fuel gas to Heater
passes (Two passes per Furnace cell, all combined with .‫ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﮔﺎزي ﺑﻪ ﻛﻮره ﻗﻄﻊ ﺷﻮد‬
FSLL "AND" logic), excluding catalytic reactor heater 2

‫ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﻛﻢ ﻛﻞ ﺧﻮراك ورودي ﺑﻪ ﻛﻮره ﻳﺎ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﻛﻢ‬ Close pilot gas to Heater
.‫ﮔﺎز ﺷﻤﻌﻚ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻮره ﻗﻄﻊ ﺷﻮد‬
"AND" ‫ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻤﮕﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻨﻄﻖ‬، ‫ﻣﻌﺒﺮﻫﺎ)دو ﻣﻌﺒﺮ در ﻫﺮ ﺳﻠﻮل ﻛﻮره‬ 3
‫ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎء ﻛﻮره راﻛﺘﻮر ﻛﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﻲ‬،(‫ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﺷﺪه‬
Close fuel oil to Heater
.‫ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻮره ﻗﻄﻊ ﺷﻮد‬
4

Close waste gas (off-gas) to

heater
Low low flow of recycle gas (for catalytic reactor heater) .‫ﮔﺎز زاﺋﺪ )ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻨﻲ( ﺑﻪ ﻛﻮره ﻗﻄﻊ ﺷﻮد‬
2 FSLL (‫ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﻛﻢ ﮔﺎز ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﻲ )ﺑﺮاي ﻛﻮره راﻛﺘﻮر ﻛﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﻲ‬
× × × 5
Open stack control valve (PV)
Low low pressure of the pilot gas and open air preheater bypass (if
applicable)
3 ‫ﻓﺸﺎر ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﻛﻢ ﮔﺎز ﺷﻤﻌﻚ‬ × × × × ‫ﺷﻴﺮ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل دودﻛﺶ)ﺷﻴﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر( ﺑﺎز ﺷﻮد‬
PSLL
‫و ﻛﻨﺎر ﮔﺬر ﻫﻮاي ﭘﻴﺶ ﮔﺮم ﻛﻦ ﺑﺎز‬
Emergency manual push button (in CCR) × × × ×
PB (‫ﺷﻮد)اﮔﺮ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
4 (‫دﻛﻤﻪ ﻓﺸﺎري دﺳﺘﻲ اﺿﻄﺮاري) در اﺗﺎق ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻣﺮﻛﺰي‬
High high pressure of the combustion
5 chamber (heater equipped with FDF) × × ×
PSHH (‫ﻓﺸﺎر ﺧﻴﻠﻲ زﻳﺎد ﻣﺤﻔﻈﻪ اﺣﺘﺮاق)ﻛﻮره ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎدزن دﻣﻨﺪه ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
Low low flow of combustion air or low low pressure at
FSLL/ FDF discharge (or down-stream of APH) or FDF failure
PSLL/ × × ×
6 FDF ‫ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﻛﻢ ﻫﻮاي اﺣﺘﺮاق ﻳﺎ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﻛﻢ ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﺑﺎدزن دﻣﻨﺪه‬
FAIL ‫)ﻳﺎ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ دﺳﺖ ﭘﻴﺶ ﮔﺮم ﻛﻦ ﻫﻮا( ﻳﺎ از ﻛﺎر اﻓﺘﺎدن ﺑﺎدزن دﻣﻨﺪه‬
SWITCH
Low low pressure of fuel gas × × ×
PSLL
7 ‫ﻓﺸﺎر ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﻛﻢ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﮔﺎزي‬
Low low pressure of fuel oil
8 PSLL ‫ﻓﺸﺎر ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﻛﻢ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬ × × ×

High high flue gas temperature (upstream/ down stream of

9 APH combined with “OR” logic), if specified by Vendor ×
TSHH
‫ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ دﺳﺖ ﭘﻴﺶ‬/ ‫دﻣﺎي ﺧﻴﻠﻲ زﻳﺎد ﮔﺎز ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از اﺣﺘﺮاق )ﺑﺎﻻ دﺳﺖ‬
‫" ( اﮔﺮ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺳﺎزﻧﺪه‬OR" ‫ﮔﺮم ﻛﻦ ﻫﻮا ﺑﺎ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﻣﻨﻄﻖ‬
‫ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
Low low atomizing steam pressure or low low differential
10 PSLL/ pressure of atomizing ×
PDSLL steam with regard to fuel oil pressure
‫ﻓﺸﺎر ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﻛﻢ ﺑﺨﺎر ﭘﻮدر ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻳﺎ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻓﺸﺎر ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﻛﻢ ﺑﺨﺎر ﭘﻮدر‬
11 ‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
IDF FAIL
SWITCH IDF Failure ‫ﺧﺮاﺑﻲ ﺑﺎدزن ﻣﻜﻨﺪه‬

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6.3.3.2 Pumps including hydraulic power ‫ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻧﻀﻤﺎم ﺗﻮرﺑﻴﻦ ﻫﻴﺪروﻟﻴﻜﻲ ﺑﺎزﻳﺎﻓﺖ‬2-3-3-6
recovery turbine
‫ﻗﺪرت‬

The following failure actions as shown in Table ‫ ﻧﺸﺎن‬2 ‫اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت از ﻛﺎر اﻓﺘﺎدن ذﻳﻞ ﺑﺼﻮرﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ در ﺟﺪول ﺷﻤﺎره‬
2 shall be applied to the main pump of each .‫داده ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ اﺻﻠﻲ ﻫﺮ واﺣﺪ اﻋﻤﺎل ﺷﻮد‬
Unit.

TABLE 2 - SHUT DOWN SYSTEM OF MAIN PUMP OF THE UNIT

‫ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﻮﻗﻒ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ اﺻﻠﻲ واﺣﺪ‬-2 ‫ﺟﺪول‬
ACTION
FAILURE PUMP S/D MINIMUM FLOW
‫ﻋﻤﻞ از ﻛﺎر اﻓﺘﺎدن‬ SYSTEM BYPASS OPEN
‫ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﻮﻗﻒ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎزﺷﺪن ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن‬
‫ﻛﻨﺎر ﮔﺬر‬
Manual shut down ‫ﺗﻮﻗﻒ دﺳﺘﻲ‬ Yes ‫ﺑﻠﻪ‬ No ‫ﺧﻴﺮ‬

Shut down factors (Note 1) Yes ‫ﺑﻠﻪ‬ No ‫ﺧﻴﺮ‬

(1 ‫ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺗﻮﻗﻒ )ﻳﺎدآوري‬
Process flow low (Note 2) No ‫ﺧﻴﺮ‬ Yes ‫ﺑﻠﻪ‬
(2 ‫ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي ﻛﻢ )ﻳﺎدآوري‬

Notes: :‫ﻳﺎدآوريﻫﺎ‬
1) Requirements for this failure will be ،‫ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺳﺎزﻧﺪه اراﺋﻪ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‬،‫( اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت اﻳﻦ از ﻛﺎر اﻓﺘﺎدن‬1
provided by Vendors, typical examples of ،‫ﻣﺜﺎﻟﻬﺎي ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ از آن ﻋﺒﺎرﺗﻨﺪ از ﻓﺸﺎر ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﻛﻢ روﻏﻦ روان ﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬
which are low low lube oil pressure, high high
speed of turbine (for turbine driven pumps), ،(‫ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺧﻴﻠﻲ زﻳﺎد ﺗﻮرﺑﻴﻦ )ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﺮك ﺗﻮرﺑﻴﻨﻲ‬
high high bearing temperature, etc. .‫دﻣﺎي ﺧﻴﻠﻲ زﻳﺎد ﻳﺎﺗﺎﻗﺎن و ﻏﻴﺮه‬
2) This failure applies only to severe turn-down ‫( اﻳﻦ از ﻛﺎر اﻓﺘﺎدن ﻓﻘﻂ ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﺑﻜﺎر‬2
service. .‫ﻣﻲ رود‬
6.3.3.3 Compressors ‫ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮرﻫﺎ‬3-3-3-6
The following failure action as shown in Table ‫ ﻧﺸﺎن‬3 ‫اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت از ﻛﺎر اﻓﺘﺎدن ذﻳﻞ ﺑﺼﻮرﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ در ﺟﺪول ﺷﻤﺎره‬
3 shall be applied to compressors. .‫داده ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮرﻫﺎ اﻋﻤﺎل ﺷﻮد‬

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TABLE 3 - SHUT DOWN SYSTEM OF COMPRESSORS

‫ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﻮﻗﻒ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮر ﻫﺎ‬-3 ‫ﺟﺪول‬
ACTION
FAILURE COMPRESSOR S/D MINIMUM FLOW
‫ﻋﻤﻞ از ﻛﺎر اﻓﺘﺎدن‬ SYSTEM BYPASS OPEN
‫ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﻮﻗﻒ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮر‬ ‫ﺑﺎزﺷﺪن ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن‬
‫ﻛﻨﺎر ﮔﺬر‬
Manual shut down ‫ﺗﻮﻗﻒ دﺳﺘﻲ‬ Yes No

Shut down factors (Note 1) Yes No

(1 ‫ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺗﻮﻗﻒ )ﻳﺎدآوري‬
Knock-Out drum level high high Yes No
‫ﺳﻄﺢ ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﻻي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ در ﻇﺮف ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ‬
Gas flow low ‫ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﻛﻢ ﮔﺎز‬ No Yes (Note 2) (2 ‫ﺑﻠﻪ)ﻳﺎدآوري‬

Notes: :‫ﻳﺎدآوريﻫﺎ‬
1) Requirements for this failure will be ،‫ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺳﺎزﻧﺪه اراﺋﻪ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‬،‫( اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت اﻳﻦ از ﻛﺎر اﻓﺘﺎدن‬1
provided by Vendor, typical examples of which ‫ﻣﺜﺎﻟﻬﺎي ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ از آن ﻋﺒﺎرﺗﻨﺪ از ﻓﺸﺎر ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﻛﻢ روﻏﻦ روان‬
are low low lube oil/seal oil pressure, high high
‫ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺧﻴﻠﻲ زﻳﺎد ﺗﻮرﺑﻴﻦ )ﺑﺮاي ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮر ﻫﺎي‬،‫ﻧﺸﺖ ﺑﻨﺪ‬/‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬
speed of turbine (for turbine driven
compressors), high high bearing temperature, .‫ دﻣﺎي ﺧﻴﻠﻲ زﻳﺎد ﻳﺎﺗﺎﻗﺎن و ﻏﻴﺮه‬،(‫ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮداﻧﻨﺪه ﺗﻮرﺑﻴﻨﻲ‬
etc.
2) This failure-action applies to the centrifugal ‫( اﻳﻦ از ﻛﺎر اﻓﺘﺎدن ﻓﻘﻂ ﺑﺮاي ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮر ﻫﺎي ﮔﺮﻳﺰ از ﻣﺮﻛﺰ‬2
compressors only. .‫ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬

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