DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY,

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC EDE, OSUN STATE

PROJECT PROPOSAL ON
FABRICATION OF TROLLY JACK

PREPARED BY:

ODERINDE STEPHE A. ME20190103085

A PROJECT PROPOSAL SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL

ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE
REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN ENGINEERING,
FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC EDE, OSUN STATE, NIGERIA

MARCH, 2021
1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT

A hydraulic jack involves a fluid usually oil to push against a piston in a cylinder to
lift load. The working of hydraulic jack is based on Pascal’s principle. The principle
states that pressure in a closed container is the same at all points. If there are two
cylinders connected, applying force to the smaller cylinder will result in the same
amount of pressure in the larger cylinder. The jack uses compressible fluid, which
is forced into a cylinder by a plunger. Oil is mostly used for the liquid because it is
self-lubricating and has stability compared with others.

1.1.1 PASCAL’S LAW:

Blasé Pascal formulated the basic law of hydraulics in the mid-17th century. He
discovered that pressure exerted on a fluid act equally in all directions. His law
states that pressure in a confined fluid is trans-mitted undiminished in every
direction and acts with equal force on equal areas and at right angle to a
container's walls.

1.1.2 HYDRAULIC JACK

A hydraulic jack involves a fluid usually oil to push against a piston in a cylinder to
lift load. The compressible fluid is forced into a cylinder by a plunger. Oil is mostly
used for the liquid because it is self-lubricating and has stability compared with
others. As the plunger comes up, it pulls the liquid through a check valve suction
pump. Again, when the plunger is lowered, it sends liquid through another valve
into a cylinder. A ball used for suction within the cylinder shuts the cylinder and
pressure builds up within the cylinder. The suction valve present in the jack opens
at each draw of the plunger. The discharge valve, that is outside the jack, opens
when oil is pushed into the cylinder. The pressure of the liquid enables the device
to raise heavier loads.

The personal name Jack, which came into English usage around the thirteenth
century as a nickname form of John, came in the sixteenth century to be used as a
colloquial word for 'a man (of low status)' (much as in the modern usage 'jack of
all trades, master of none'). From here, the word was 'applied to things which in
some way take the place of a lad or man, or save human labour'. The first
attestation in the Oxford English Dictionary of jack in the sense 'a machine, usually
portable, for lifting heavy weights by force acting from below' is from 1679,
referring to 'an Engine used for the removing and commodious placing of great
Timber.'

1.1.3 HISTORY OF HYDRAULIC JACK

The Origin of Hydraulic Jacks Can Be Dated Several Years Ago When Richard
Dudgeon, The Owner and Inventor of Hydraulic Jacks, Started A Machine Shop. In
The Year 1851, He Was Granted a Patent for His Hydraulic Jack. In The Year 1855,
He Literally Amazed Onlookers In New York When He Drove from His Abode to His
Place of Work in A Steam Carriage. It Produced a Very Weird Noise That Disturbed
the Horses and So Its Usage Was Limited to A Single Street. Richard Made a Claim
That His Invention Had the Power to Carry Near About 10 People on A Single
Barrel of Anthracite Coal at A Speed Of 14 M.P.H. Dudgeon Deserves a Special
Credit for His Innumerable Inventions Including the Roller Boiler Tube Expanders,
Filter Press Jacks, Pulling Jacks, Heavy Plate Hydraulic Hole Punches and Various
Kinds of Lifting Jacks.

1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT

The problem that exists in the current products has been identified as such most the
consumers of the trolley bend their bodies to put or lift the load from bottom. With
Adjustable Trolley, the consumer can lift the load without bend their bodies. It is
because this trolley can be adjusting the height by screw jack. We put screw jack in
this trolley because we can help the consumer to ease their burden to carry the
furniture or heavy goods to anywhere. The size is one of the problems we research
so our trolley size is not too big and easy to bring anywhere. The material is a
common problem. We looking the material which can use for a long term

1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVES

The main objective of this project is to design trolley jack that can minimize the
manual effort during the jack operation.
Other specific objectives are:
i. To enhance the capacity of the existing model.
ii. To increase the maximum height of the lifting arm of the existing Jack.
iii. To make the Jack more firm to bear greater amount of load.

1.4 JUSTIFICATION OF THE PROJECT

There are many lifting and shifting devices available but those are used in
industry. Those requires more space and are expensive too. For domestic use
there is no such device available which can operate by individual person with ease
in much smaller human effort in reduced time. As women has to handle most of
the things in homes, so in manual lifting and shifting of furniture women can face
back problems by doing work in bent and squat position. So, the motivation
comes from these difficulties to develop a trolley jack that can be operate by
individual person (women), that should be compact, economical and lift, balance
as well as shift cupboards with ease.

1.5 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

The scope of this project is about the improvement of function for this trolley.
Which is the trolley we designed can be adjustable height. Next, we made a
lighter trolley but the trolley can afford the heavy goods on it. The improvement
of materials also part of this scope which the material is strong, durable and could
last for a long term with a good care. For example, stainless steel can be resisted
the fire and heat. PVC durable and steadier and safe to work under the high load
bearing condition. Then the adjustable trolley comforts the consumers to push
and pull it. The adjustable trolley 8 can be used by all ages regardless of young or
old. It is also can be used as the table for any good.

2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW

AUTHOR TITLE FINDINGS LIMITATIONS

Blaise Pascal Fluid hydrodynamic His inventions include the hydraulic press which It is not portable
(1623-1662) and hydrostatics, multiplied smaller force acting on a larger area into
centralized on the application of a large force totalled over a
principles of smaller area transmitted through the same
hydraulic fluid. pressure at both locations

Joseph Bramah Designing of a He first designed a rotary engine from the concept It is not effective
(1785) hydraulic rotary but later moved it to a hydraulic piston type of on modern day
engine design that could move a crane crane

Nitinchandra Design of a toggle He designed a toggle jack using numerical and It cannot be
R.Patel jack material optimization for various parts of toggle operated by
jack, finally concluded that the designed model is in woman
the safety region.

R. Sabarish et al.[2] Experimental He did an investigation on Fabrication of Inbuilt

[2017] investigation of Hydraulic Jack for Four Wheelers, in International
Fabrication of Inbuilt Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics. This
Hydraulic Jack for paper concludes with the well-advanced operation
Four Wheelers of hydraulic jack overcoming the manual operation
of screw jack used in most of the auto service
centres.

R. Sharavanan et Fabrication of Inbuilt He did an experimental investigation of Fabrication There are mainly
al. [2] [2017] Hydraulic Jack for of Inbuilt Hydraulic Jack in International Journal of difficulty in
Four Wheelers Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET). operating the
The research survey revealed that few methods hydraulic jack.
were adopted to lift the vehicle for reconditioning
and repair

Mayank Agrawal, A “Design and His paper findings is regarding to the planning of It requires
et al [5] [2018] fabrication of fabrication of self-jacking mechanism in four electricity for
hydraulic jack wheeler cars. Driving a car in quite common now operation
days, whereas tyre failure during the journey is also
quite common and unexpected. In such condition
lifting of car from the ground surface using a
mechanical jack is a big task. This requires surplus
manual effort and time. This mechanism overcomes
these disadvantages. By pressing the button
provided in the dashboard the jacking mechanism
gets activated
3.0 MATERIALS AND METHODS

3.1 MATERIAL SELECTION

PARTS LIST

1. Spindle

2. Tension Spring

3. Hydraulic Unit Assembly

4. Caster Wheel

5. Lift Arm Assembly

6. Side Member Assembly Right

7. Front Wheel

8. Saddle

9. Cover Plate

10.Handle Base Assembly

3.2 PROPOSED METHOD

The proposed method presents the method in ascending order the way the
project will be carried out.
3.2.1 PROCESS FLOW CHART

Shear 580mm x 150mm Clamp all the components on to

rectangles from steel sheet the welding jig

Shear out the straight edges of Weld the components together

the side plate

Shear the curved edges using a Inspect for any defects and test
curved shear tool

Punch the required holes using

a punching press
No Any Yes
defects

Make the wheel case by

pressing, using a forming press.

Spray painted for Steel recycled

protection against rust

Rest of the parts

assembled

3.2.2 PROCESS DESCRIPTION

Step 1 – Shearing the base of the Side plate

The factory receives steel sheets of different thicknesses. The main base of the
side plate is sheared out from a 7.5mm steel sheet.
The overall length and width of a side plate is 580mm x 150mm. A worker first
marks out rectangles of 580mm x 150mm in the steel sheet. The sheet is then
sheared in to rectangles using a shearing press.

No lines are marked by hand, instead the sheet is placed on the shearing press
and pushed on to an adjustable edge on the machine floor to the desired length,
so that all cuts are done accurately and consistently on all batches.

The sheet metal rectangles are then sheared in to individual side plates using
different shearing tools. First a straight shear is done to cut along the straight
edges of the side plate. Next each corner of the side plates are sheared using
rounded shearing blades specifically designed for this purpose to makes the
process faster and more accurate.

shearing lines to shear the base of side plate.

Step 2 – Punching the holes

The required holes are then punched on the plates using a metal punching press.
The plate is clamped on to the surface of the punching press, and a set of punches
of required diameters, aligned according to the hole positions are pressed on to
the plate all at once to punch the holes.
 Diagram of a punch press

Step 3 – Pressing the wheel case

The wheel case attached to each side is made out of a 7.5mm steel sheet pressed
in to the shape using a forming press. This method is used because it is a very fast
process and therefore saves time which cuts down a lot of cost.

Pressed wheel case assembly

Step 4 - Welding the necessary components

The main method of welding used in the manufacturing process of the side plate
is Shielded Metal Arc welding. It is a method of welding using flux covered
electrodes which is melted in an electric arc which becomes a fused part of the
metal being welded.

When welding these components together, a welding jig is first designed and
made so that the parts can be first secured in place in the jig when welding. This
allows all the parts in every side plate to be welded consistently and accurately.

Below is a drawing of the jig used in the welding process of the side plate.

This rod is
removable

The welding jig

The parts that need to be welded are the, wheel case, thrust block and the
washer. First the thrust block is welded in the correct position by securing it in
the jig, and then the whole jig is turned around to weld the wheel case and the
washer similarly by securing them in the correct position in the jig.
Washer Thrust block
Wheel case

The Wheel case, Washer and Thrust block (The 3 components that needs to be welded)
 MIG Welding process

Step 5 - Inspection
Each completed side plate is thoroughly inspected and tested to check for any
punching and pressing defects, welding defects and dimension errors. If no
defects are found, then other components of the jack are assembled to the side
plate.

Step 6 - Spray paint

If no defects are found during inspection and testing, the part is then spray
painted for protection against rust. Usually painted in bright colours like red, blue
or yellow.
3.3 COST IMPLICATION/ BUDGET

ITEM QUANTITY SPECIFICATION PRICE PER TOTAL PRICE

QUANTITY
3.4 GANT CHART

PROJECT TOPIC FABRICATION OF FOOT OPERATED GREASE DISPENSER

MARCH APRIL

WREKS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Discussion with the

supervisor

Research on the
project

Market survey

Proposal writing

Buying of the
materials

Fabrication

Testing

Summiting of the
project
6.0 PROPOSED DRAWING

6.1 2D AUTOCAD DRAWING