TECNIA INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES

NAAC ACCREDITED GRADE “A” INSTITUTE

Academic Session: 2021-22
Assignment for Session:2021-2022
TELEVISION PROGRAMMING AND PRODUCTION
Program: BAJMC Shift: 1ST Semester: 4THDivision-A

Unit-1
Long Question(approx 500-600 words)
1. Describe the Brief Historical Background of Television in India?
The prestigious history of Indian television has envisioned the progress, expansion and growth of audio visual media in the nation. During the
1980s Indian small screen programming began and at that time there was only one national channel Doordarshan, which was government
owned. The Ramayana and Mahabharata were the first major television series produced. Television in India has been in existence for about
four decades. For the first 17 years, it spread haltingly and transmission was usually in black and white.

There were initially two ignition points in the history of Indian Television. The first in the eighties when colour TV was introduced by state-
owned broadcaster Doordarshan (DD) timed with the 1982 Asian Games which India hosted. It then proceeded to install transmitters
nationwide rapidly for terrestrial broadcasting. In this period no private enterprise was allowed to set up TV stations or to spread TV signals.
The second turning point in the history of Indian television came in the early nineties with the broadcast of satellite TV by foreign programmers
like CNN followed by Star TV and a little later by domestic channels such as Zee TV and Sun TV into Indian homes. Before this, Indian viewers
had to make do with DD's regulated fare which was non-commercial in nature and directed towards only education and socio-economic
development. Entertainment programmes were few and far between. And when the solitary few soaps like Hum Log (1984), and mythological
dramas like Ramayana (1987-88) and Mahabharata (1988-89) were televised, millions of viewers stayed glued to their sets. When, urban
Indians learnt that it was possible to watch the international affairs on television, they gradually bought dishes for their homes. Eventually,
satellite television was introduced in India after surveying the constant popularity of Indian television.

2. Describe the Stages of Programme Production?

STAGES OF TELEVISION Programme PRODUCTION :
Before any television program come to live, it must pass throu gh three successive stages.They are; pre-production stage,
production stage and post-production stage.

PRE PRODUCTION STAGE

As the name implies, this is the first step before the actual production. This stage includes everything you do before
entering the studio or reaching the shooting location. This is wherean idea is born and conceptualise, the topic is decided, the program format or
plan of action is determine, rehearsal is done,

setting goals, writing program proposals and crew meetings, story-boarding and scripting, research, location scouting, arranging
equipment, video / audiotapes, properties, costumes, sets designing or location hunting and booking of editing shifts, etc. are all acquired.

PRODUCTION STAGE
This is the stage when you are on the studio floor or on location and are ready to shoot or are actually shooting. This is the actual process of
shooting, recording and editing of a
television production. In this stage, proper television studios, cameras, microphones, computers and professional crew members that will record a
nd edit a program are required. It includes m a n a g i n g a l l t h e f a c i l i t i e s , h a n d l i n g o f t a l e n t a n d c r e w m e m b e r s ,
c o n t r o l l i n g t h e c r o w d , shooting without hurdles and solving any problem related on the spot at that time.

POST PRODUCTION
This is the stage where you get to the final shape of the programme. This refers to editing
them m a t e r i a l s h o t d u r i n g p r o d u c t i o n , a n d s h o u l d a l s o i n c l u d e d i s t r i b u t i n g t h e p r o g r a m a n d promoting it t
o your target audience, cutting the recorded visuals into appropriate length, a r r a n g i n g t h e v i s u a l s i n a p r o p e r s e q u e n c e , u s e
o f d e s i r e d e f f e c t s f o r t h e v i s u a l s o r t e x t caption s, commentary record ing, mus ic/s ong recording, and fina l
assemb ly of the en tire programme.

Short Question(approx 200-300 words)

1. What are the Importance of Television?

The invention of television gave us various benefits. It was helpful in providing the common man with a cheap mode of
entertainment. As they are very affordable, everyone can now own television and get access to entertainment. In addition,
it keeps us updated on the latest happenings of the world. It is now possible to get news from the other corner of the
world. Similarly, television also offers educational programs that enhance our knowledge about science and wildlife and
more. Moreover, television also motivates individuals to develop skills. They also have various programs showing
speeches of motivational speakers. This pushes people to do better. You can also say that television widens the exposure
we get. It increases our knowledge about several sports, national events, and more.

2. Explain the Characteristics of Television?

1. An audio-visual medium: TV has both sound and sight. A TV broadcast is conceived and produced and received in audio-visual terms.
As eyes absorbs and retain much more than the ear so, TV broadcasts have greater influence on viewers than radio’s audience.
2. Features of other media: It has borrowed movement from stage, camera from the film and the microphone from the radio and
integrate all these into a whole that makes TV uniquely new medium.
3. Wide reach and high credibility: It’s a supreme medium of mass communication which has turned world into a global village. It has
turned our society into an information society. It has widen the mental horizon of man by humanizes knowledge and make them feel
as a citizen of world. Its credibility lies in the fact that seeing is believing. Because of its reach and believability, it becomes a
powerful medium for projecting the world of politics, sports, arts, personalities, events and ideas.
4. A glamorous medium: It shows glittering personalities, fashion shows, rich and famous people etc. and all this sitting back at home
which adds to its glamour. Because of this TV has also been called the magic box, which fascinates the millions. However on the bad
side, the glamour and magic of TV has a potential of attracting people to the point of addiction.
5. A medium of the close-up: Because of small screen, it is ideal for close up of human faces, expression, reaction and interaction
between people, for presenting an interview and discussion etc.
6. A living room medium: TV is a medium of and for the family. TV watching brings the family together.
7. A democratizing medium: It is a democratizing medium as it is available to all the people. It democratizes information, informal
education and literature etc. by catering to all sections of society. Most of the TV programs are for the common man.
8. A medium of Immediacy: TV is a supreme reporter and it captures the evens as they are happening. TV operates in fixed time units
which makes performers, writers of the scripts and producer to be disciplined.
9. Advertisers Influence: TV is a great salesman of modern times. The businessman sells his product and services through TV and it
allows them to reach out to a vast no. of potential and actual costumers.

3. What are the Various Formats of TV programmes?

A. TV and Information:
1-News
2- News Reporting
3- Current Affairs Programme
4- Public service Compaign

B. TV and Entertainment:
1- Feature Films and Feature Film Based programmes
2- Plays
3- TV SeriaIs
4- Variety Entertainment Shows
5- Quiz Shows
6- Music/Dance
7- Sports
8- Special Events

C. TV and Education:
1- Potential of TV for Education
2- Various Formats
3- Types of ETV Programmes
4- ETV versus General Programmes
5- Special Audience Programmes
 D. Explain the primary stage of television production?
PRE PRODUCTION STAGE
As the name implies, this is the first step before the actual production. This stage includes everything you do
before entering the studio or reaching the shooting location. This is wherean idea is born and conceptualise, the topic is decided, the
program format or plan of action is determine, rehearsal is done,
setting goals, writing program proposals and crew meetings, story-boarding and scripting, research, location scouting,
arranging equipment, video / audiotapes, properties, costumes, sets designing or location hunting and booking of editing shifts, etc. are
all acquired.

Unit-2
Long Question(approx 500-600 words)

1. What is Scripting a Programme? Explain the Story Boarding and Script Breakdown?
Television writing is the art of writing a TV show. Television is an exciting medium for writers because they get to
control everything from the stories that are told to how the sets are built. TV writers develop stories, write scripts,
make edits and revisions, and help determine what an episode looks like. The mechanics of writing a feature film
script and writing a television script are the same: Both look the same on the page, both are typed up
with screenwriting software like Final Draft, and both use location headings, character headings, scene descriptions,
and dialogue.

A storyboard is a graphic portrayal of a narrative, concept, or script, divided into sequential scenes (panels). They are
generally used to map out how a script or story will look once it is animated or acted out, but people utilize them for a
variety of situations. “Storyboarding” is simply the act of creating a storyboard.

A script breakdown is used to figure out shooting requirements for every scene in a film shoot including budget, schedule,
and prep work. The breakdown will happen at the scene level and will repeat until you have a full script breakdown that
you can use to assess your creative and technical requirements.

2. Explain the Maintaining Continuity?

Continuity is vital to good storytelling because it helps keep viewers immersed in the film or TV show. Filmmakers
want audiences to be able to pay attention to the action and dialogue during their story as if it’s happening in the real
world, and when every detail of a set is consistent throughout a scene, the audience can pay full attention.

However, if little details are inconsistent, or if there are plot holes in the story, viewers will become distracted and
won’t be able to focus on the storytelling; they’ll spend more time thinking about the fluctuating water levels in a
character’s glass and less time listening to the dialogue or caring about the story. That’s why maintaining continuity
is crucial—it keeps audiences engaged.

4 Tips for Maintaining Continuity During Production

• Take photos.
• Maintain detailed continuity reports
• Keep your shooting days close together.
• Hire a script supervisor

Short Question(approx 200-300 words)

1. Discuss the term Budgeting in production?

In television, the budget is usually prepared by the Producer, the Line Producer/PM or someone with the relevant
expertise. Feature films are sometimes budgeted by the Production Accountant. Bespoke TV/Film specific
software is available for budgeting but a spreadsheet is also an effective budgeting tool.
 2. Draw the Floor Plan for television program?
Ans. Harry Potter floor plan

3. Explain the term Research in television prodcution?

When commencing any production many aspects need to be considered and one of these key factors is that of research. Research
it covers many aspects of a productions ‘to do list’ from information required for areas of filming, from logistics of a film which can
include the basics, is there a market/audience wanting this type of production. Research can be conducted in two ways. One being
primary and the other being secondary, and these can be either qualitative or quantitative. It is a process that can take many
different forms and each of these forms can indicate to a producer if a production is going to be a success.

4. What is Ideation?
Ideation is the creative process of generating, developing, and communicating new ideas, where an idea is understood as a basic element of
thought that can be either visual, concrete, or abstract. Ideation comprises all stages of a thought cycle, from innovation, to development, to
actualization. Ideation can be conducted by individuals, organizations, or crowds.