Arsi University

Arsi University ICT

directorate of director
.

1
 Table of Content

Contents
Table of Content...........................................................................................................................................i
List of Picture.............................................................................................................................................iii
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS..........................................................................................................................iv
Abstract.......................................................................................................................................................v
1. Introduction.........................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Objectives of field practice................................................................................................................1
1.1.2 General Objectives..........................................................................................................................1
1.2 Specific objectives.............................................................................................................................2
1.3 Description of the Observation..........................................................................................................2
2. Computer Networking.........................................................................................................................2
2.1 Wireless network...............................................................................................................................3
2.2 Wired network...................................................................................................................................3
2.3.1 Switches......................................................................................................................................3
4.3.2 Rack............................................................................................................................................3
2.3.3 CRIMPER...................................................................................................................................4
2.3.4 RJ45............................................................................................................................................4
2.3.5 Cable Tester................................................................................................................................7
2.3.6 Cable Trunk................................................................................................................................7
Conclusion and Summery..........................................................................................................................11
A network is a collection of computers and devices connected together, often wirelessly, via
communications devices and transmission media, Computer networks that are not connected by cables of
any kind, the bases of wireless systems are radio waves. A network of computers connected using
hardware: physical cables and wires is called wired network. Data such as instructions and information is
transmitted between the connected devices over the wires........................................................................11
Recommendation.......................................................................................................................................12
 As I have seen in summer field practice there are a lot of problems and challenges were happening
for performing effective works like, the office didn’t have good documentation system, so any person did
not get good information when needed. So if they prepared a good documentation system there work may
be simplified..............................................................................................................................................12
Reference...................................................................................................................................................13

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ii
 List of Picture

Figure 8 local and wide network................................................................................................................11

Figure 9 An eight port switch....................................................................................................................12
Figure 10 Rack..........................................................................................................................................12
Figure 11 Crimper.....................................................................................................................................12
Figure 12 RJ45 connectors........................................................................................................................13
Figure 13 cable Tester...............................................................................................................................15
Figure 14 Cable Trunk...............................................................................................................................15

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
I would like to express my thanks and appreciation to a number of people who have helped in the
preparation of this report. In Arsi University ICT directorate of director have used drafts of

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different Departments provided me with useful feedback and comments that lead to the
improvement of the presentation of the material in the reports to them I am thankful.
Constructive comments and excellent suggestions that led to noticeable improvement in the style
and presentation of the reports material, I am debated to the anonymous reviewers arranged by
Ato Ragasa Alamu Arsi Unversity ICT directorate of director for their suggestions and
corrections. Special thanks to Ato Dejene Belete the series editor for their help in making this
reports a reality. Of course, responsibility for errors and inconsistencies rests with me. Finally,
and most of all, I want to thank my families for their patience and support during the writing of
this reports.

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 Abstract
Arsi University found in Oromia Region in Arsi zone Asella town, the University is aspires to
be a pre-eminent African graduate and research University dedicated to excellence in Learning-
teaching, demand driven research and innovation and problem-solving community engagements.
To this end, the University recognizes ICT as a powerful enabling tool for institutional change
and transformation to achieve its strategic missions and vision. the office provides the primary
management and support of computing and technology infrastructures, services and systems
within the University. The office also manages the data network infrastructures, central service
provisions such as website, email, video conferencing system, total security systems, internet,
bandwidth optimization and business automations. The office also provides troubleshooting,
maintaining, supporting services to streamline the University’s operational business
processes.the office is working on a number of projects to enhance and expand the University’s
ICT infrastructure, systems and services to enable the transformation of the University’s
administrative and academic business processes in line with its strategic plan.

Through my practice time I observe central service provisions such as website, email, video
conferencing system, total security systems, internet, bandwidth optimization and business
automations. Maintenance, CCTV camera for Security that means Hardware and software
maintenance, Networking, Sharing resource, File directories etc this is explained in to three
chapters in this report paper.

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 Background
Vision
Arsi University aspires to be among the leading east African universities and recognized
university in the world by 2033.

Mission
Arsi University is committed to produce competent & ethical graduate’s practical teaching, research,
community engagement and innovation to the sustainable development of the country.

Mission

The mission of the ICT Directorate is to play a major enabling role in strengthening the operational
missions of the University, namely learning-teaching, research and innovation, community engagements,
institutional development and administrations.

Major tasks /objectives

The core objectives of the ICT Directorate are to address key ICT infrastructural, services and
business automation needs of the University with reference to the strategic plan. These include:

 ICT Infrastructures and services enhancement and expansion to enable technology-

enhanced education and innovation
 Digitizing and Automating operational academic, research, service provision and
administrative business processes
 Creating seamless and secured educational environment
 Driving ICT human capacity development, maximizing business-enabling collaborations
and industry linkages
 Provision of ICT technical support and maintenance services to streamline the
operational business processes of the university

Organizational Governance Structure

Information and Communication Technology Directorate reports to the Office of the President as it is
responsible for the provision of ICT infrastructure, services, and systems for the four operational domains
of the University: Learning- teaching, research and innovation, community engagements and governance
services. The directorate’s governance structure embodies five operational units:

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  ICT Infrastructure and Services Unit
 Business Applications Development and Administration Unit
 Teaching-Learning Technologies Unit
 ICT Support and Maintenance Unit
 ICT Training and Consultancy Services Unit

“ICT” Organizational Governance Structure

ICT Organizational Governance Structure

Facilities and Resources

The office is poised to serve your needs with the following facilities and resources:

 Institutional emails
 Website services
 Video conferencing systems
 Bandwidth optimization solutions
 Virtual Desktop Cloud Computing Infrastructure Open Access Facilities
 Wireless LAN hotspots
 ICT Support and maintenance
 Total antivirus security solutions

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 Acronyms/Some Basic Terminology/:
ICT Information Communication Technology

CPU Centeral Processing Unit

ALU Artimetic and Logic Unit

ADSL Asymetrical Digital Subscriber Line

RAM Random Access Memory

CD Compact Disk

DVD Digital Video Displayer

ESD Electronic Discharge

NTFS New Technology File System

FAT Fail System

WAN Wide Area Network

LAN Local Aria Network

VLAN Virtual Local Area Network

UTP unshielded turnstile Protocol

C = Commonly
O = Oriented
M = Machine
P = Properly
U = Used for
T = Training
E = Education
R = Research
Computer is an electronic machine, that process the input data according to the
given instruction & gives output as a result. It also saves the result for future use.

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 Practical Report on Arsi Unversity ICT directorate

1. Introduction
Information Communication Technology/ICTs/ system are very necessary system in which
peoples perform their tasks maintaining the quality of the service depends on the efficiency and
organization of the system of the service. One of the challenges to maintain the quality of service
is maintaining satisfactory fast and reliable system of the customers and the state of these and
becoming vital for carrying out day-to-day activities in government, the industry, business,
Education, Health, and Agricultural and even for personal tasks. Computers and associated
communication technologies (ICTs) have become important tools in the production, processing
and sharing of information. ICT and Computers, Past and Present, introduces the basics of ICTs
and computers. It describes the basic concepts of data processing, a brief history of computers
and their types, and the major applications of computers. The ICTs system runs its information to
control all activities in the offices to facilitate all activates which is hold in that college the
success of any system depends on the proper management of the system. Hence, a basic skill in
information and communication technologies has to be an essential component of the education
system.

The practice attachment program is important to the students gain practical experience in relation
to the theoretical knowledge in different organization before graduation. Students must be
making practical attachments were at the end of year schedule for 60 days. During these time
both practiced students and organization are beneficiary.

1.1 Objectives of field practice

1.1.2 General Objectives

The student practical attachment objectives are to link theoretical knowledge with the real world
practice and to produce competitive, confidential, discipliners, willingness and ability to accept
comment. Punctuality students for future graduation and to promote their field for different
organization, to become a good verbal and written communication skill of the students, to give
practical course for students with their related professions, share challenges of the work
environment and enables students should understand the work process of different information.

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1.2 Specific objectives

The specific objectives of my field practice is try to answer the WH question which found
outside world which means what is done outside, how it is doing, who is doing, where it is done
and how the things are inter related with the courses and out sides.

1.3 Description of the Observation

In my field practice I observed a lot of things which have learned in theoretical class
practically. Arsi University ICT center have five work division:-

 ICT Infrastructure and Services Unit

 Business Applications Development and Administration Unit
 Teaching-Learning Technologies Unit
 ICT Support and Maintenance Unit
 ICT Training and Consultancy Services Unit

. Fax Now button on the window’s toolbar.

2. Computer Networking
A network is a collection of computers and devices connected together, often wirelessly, via
Communications devices and transmission media
Local area network Wide area network

Figure 1 local and wide network Figure 2 wide network

Can be wired or wireless

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2.1 Wireless network

Computer networks that are not connected by cables of any kind, the bases of wireless systems
are radio waves.
Radio waves: an electromagnetic wave of a frequency between about 104 and 1011 or 1012 Hz,
as used for long-distance communication Data is sent in the form of electronic signal. Providing
a connection through an access point to the wider internet

2.2 Wired network

Wired network a network of computers connected using hardware: physical cables and wires.
Data such as instructions and information is transmitted between the connected devices over the
wires.
2.3 Tools we used for network installation in field practice

2.3.1 Switches

Figure 3 an eight port switch

A switch is a box that makes sure that data sent from one client reaches its intended recipient; it
helps all your devices talk to one another. We hook Ethernet cables between it and our clients to
do so, although the network settings have to be manually set on all the clients for this to work, as
it's not smart enough to manage all the devices itself. Most switches in the home have between
four and 24 ports, and can be daisy chained together to offer even more.

4.3.2 Rack

Figure 4 rack

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A rack is a metal frame used to hold various hardware devices such as switches, hard disk drives,
modems and other electronic equipment.

2.3.3 CRIMPER

Figure 5 crimper

A crimping tool is a tool designed to crimp or connect a connector to the end of a cable. For
example, network cables and phone cables are created using a crimping tool to connect the RJ-45
and RJ-11 connectors to the end of the cable. In the above example picture, this crimper is
capable of crimping a RJ-11 (6-Pin) and RJ-45 (8-Pin) connectors and also includes a wire cutter
near the handles that can be used to cut phone or CAT6 cable.

2.3.4 RJ45

Figure 6 RJ45 connectors

RJ45 is a type of connector commonly used for Ethernet networking. It looks similar to a
telephone jack, but is slightly wider. Since Ethernet cables have an RJ45 connector on each end,
Ethernet cables are sometimes also called RJ45 cables.

The "RJ" in RJ45 stands for "registered jack," since it is a standardized networking interface. The
"45" simply refers to the number of the interface standard. Each RJ45 connector has eight pins,
which means an RJ45 cable contains eight separate wires. If you look closely at the end of an

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Ethernet cable, you can actually see the eight wires, which are each a different color. Four of
them are solid colors, while the other four are striped.

RJ45 cables can be wired in two different ways. One version is called straight through and the
other is crossover.

These wiring standards are listed below:

Cross over UTP cable code

Straight through UTP cable code For a crossover cable, swap 1 with 3, and 2
The color arrangement (code) of straight with 6, in the list above. This gives: 
through UTP cable to RJ-45 is:-
The two ends must have the
same cable arrangement

straight through
Cross over
1. White/Green 1. White/Orange
2. Green 2. Orange
3. White/Orange 3. White/Green
4. Blue 4. Blue
5. White/Blue 5. White/Blue
6. Orange 6. Green
7. White/Brown 7. White/Brown
8. Brown 8. Brown

The crossover wiring scheme is by far the most common, though many devices support the
straight through wiring scheme as well. Some networking applications require a crossover
Ethernet cable, which has a straight through connector on one end and a crossover connector on

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the other. This type of cable is typically used for direct computer-to-computer connections when
there is no router, hub, switch available.

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2.3.5 Cable Tester

Figure 7 cable Tester

A network cable tester can identify if the wires are paired correctly. It can also show if there is a
break in the insulation, a situation which allows crosstalk between two wires that should not be
connected. The tester can also tell whether the cable has the proper level of resistance.

2.3.6 Cable Trunk

Figure 8 Cable Trunk

Trunks are used to interconnect switches to form networks, and to interconnect local area
networks (LANs) to form wide area networks (WANs) or virtual LANs (VLANs). A trunk often
consists of multiple wires, cables, or fiber optic strands to maximize the available bandwidth and
the number of channels that can be accommodated. A trunk can also be a broadband wireless
link.
Internet & E-mail:
(We will go practically along every section individually.)
1. Some Basic Terminology:

o http: hypertext markup language

o www: world wide web

o Kbps: Kilobyte per second

o Mbps: Megabyte per second

o Server: main computer in the network

o Client: sub-computer that are networked to server.

o E-mail: electronic mail

Internet is the world's largest network in the world that has made the communication easy around
entire globe. Now days, internet is so popular that it becomes basic need of human beings. It can
be used not only in PC but in some of the mobile phones, ITV, digital vehicles, etc. We all
peoples can share our ideas around this whole planet & also get the news & information more
accurate & fast. Some of the common features of Internet are: Sending & Receiving mails,
Listen radio, watch video & TV programs, Chat with anybody around world, Education ,
Entertainment & Games, News & many more…
For internet surfing we need a PC or mobile, modem, cable line & Internet browser software.
To access internet we need some browsers such as Internet Explorer (IE), Opera, Firefox, K-
melon, etc. However Internet Explorer & Firefox are the most used browsers in the world. To
open any website:

Click on start  Programs  Internet Explorer

Type address of webpage on the Address bar & press enter.
 E-Mail is the most widely used futures on the Internet. You can exchange any massage with
people around the world by using e-mail. Even with the multimedia excitement of the wed,
electronic mail is the most frequently used application of the internet. Many people who have
access to the internet at school, and work, use the internet for no other purpose then to send and
receive email.
2. E-mail Account & its functions:

E-mail Account can be made by signing up with some e-mail service provider, a form is filled &
accept the agreement. We will study this section practically.
E-mail address:-
E-mail address is the location of individual's mail box on the internet. Email address consists of
two parts which is separated by @ (at the rate) symbol.
User name & Domain name
For ex. special95_rajesh@yahoo.com
Features of e- mail
1. sending mail

2. Receiving mail

3. Forwarding mail

4. Storing mail

5. Deleting mail

6. Printing mail

# There are many free e-mail service providers such as: Yahoo.com, Gmail.com, live.com, etc.
The process of making e-mail account & differ according as the service provider.
There are mainly four location of inside the e-mail account.
1. Inbox: it contains receiving mail

2. Outbox: when we send mail then it will store at outbox folder at first

3. send items: after sending mail offer connecting your computer to the internet then it will store
sent items folder

4. Deleted items: when we delete any unwanted mail them it will store at deleted items
 Conclusion and Summery
Arsi University found in Oromia Region in Arsi zone Asella Town, the University is aspires to
be a pre-eminent African graduate and research University dedicated to excellence in Learning-
teaching, demand driven research and innovation and problem-solving community engagements.
To this end, the University recognizes ICT as a powerful enabling tool for institutional change
and transformation to achieve its strategic missions and vision.

A network is a collection of computers and devices connected together, often wirelessly, via
communications devices and transmission media, Computer networks that are not connected by
cables of any kind, the bases of wireless systems are radio waves. A network of computers
connected using hardware: physical cables and wires is called wired network. Data such as
instructions and information is transmitted between the connected devices over the wires.
 Recommendation
 As I have seen in summer field practice there are a lot of problems and challenges were
happening for performing effective works like, the office didn’t have good documentation
system, so any person did not get good information when needed. So if they prepared a
good documentation system there work may be simplified.

 This office did not have sufficient worker to manage the office work and to give good
practice for students. So if they prepare person which give excellent practice for students.
 The office is very narrow to manage the word and to keep material. So it is good if they
prepare suitable rooms for the work.
 Reference

Director, ICT Directorate

 Office: +251-222380229
 Mobile: +251-10740243
 Emai፡ Ragasaalamu@gmail.com 

Mr.DejeneBelete

Leader, ICT Infrastructure and Services

 Office: +251-222380229
 Mobile: +251-0910948414
 Email:-dejenebelete@gmail.com 
Mr.DejeneBelete
Leader, ICT Customer and User Support
 Office: +251-222380229
 Mobile:+251-0910-948414
 Email:dejenebelete@gmail.com
