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GMAW Shielding Gases For Spray Transfer

This document discusses shielding gases used for gas metal arc welding (GMAW) for different metals. Table 4.7 lists recommended shielding gas compositions for spray transfer GMAW of various metals like aluminum, magnesium, carbon steel, low-alloy steel, stainless steel, nickel, copper and their alloys, and titanium. Table 4.8 lists recommended shielding gas compositions for short-circuiting transfer GMAW of metals like carbon steel, stainless steel, low-alloy steel, aluminum, copper, magnesium, nickel and their alloys. The tables provide information on the characteristics of different gas mixtures for the various metals.

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72 views1 page

GMAW Shielding Gases For Spray Transfer

This document discusses shielding gases used for gas metal arc welding (GMAW) for different metals. Table 4.7 lists recommended shielding gas compositions for spray transfer GMAW of various metals like aluminum, magnesium, carbon steel, low-alloy steel, stainless steel, nickel, copper and their alloys, and titanium. Table 4.8 lists recommended shielding gas compositions for short-circuiting transfer GMAW of metals like carbon steel, stainless steel, low-alloy steel, aluminum, copper, magnesium, nickel and their alloys. The tables provide information on the characteristics of different gas mixtures for the various metals.

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kapsarc
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WELDING HANDBOOK 9.

2 CHAPTER 4—GAS METAL ARC WELDING 175

Table 4.7
GMAW Shielding Gases for Spray Transfer
Metal Shielding Gas Characteristics
Aluminum 100% argon Best metal transfer and arc stability; least spatter; good cleaning
action.
35% argon–65% helium Higher heat input than 100% argon; improved fusion characteristics
on thicker material; minimizes porosity.
25% argon–75% helium Highest heat input; minimizes porosity; least cleaning action.
Magnesium 100% argon Excellent cleaning action; stable arc.
Argon +20%–70% helium Improved wetting; less chance of porosity.
Carbon steel 1%–5% oxygen, balance argon Improves arc stability; produces a more fluid and controllable weld
pool; good fusion and bead contour; minimizes undercutting;
permits higher speeds than pure argon.
5%–15% carbon dioxide, balance argon High-speed mechanized welding; low-cost manual welding.
Low-alloy steel 98% argon–2% oxygen Minimizes undercutting; provides good toughness.
Stainless steel 99% argon–1% oxygen Improves arc stability; produces a more fluid and controllable weld
pool, good fusion and bead contour; minimizes undercutting on
heavier stainless steels.
98% argon–2% oxygen Provides better arc stability, coalescence, and welding speed than
1% oxygen mixture for thinner stainless steel materials.
Nickel, copper, and their alloys 100% argon Provides good wetting; decreases fluidity of weld metal.
Argon-helium Higher heat inputs of 50% and 75% helium mixtures offset high heat
dissipation of heavier gauges.
Titanium 100% argon Good arc stability; minimum weld contamination; inert gas backing
is required to prevent air contamination on back of weld area.
Source: Adapted from American Welding Society (AWS) Committee on Arc Welding and Cutting, 1994, Recommended Practices for Gas Metal Arc Welding, ANSI/AWS C5.6-94R,
Miami: American Welding Society, Table 3.

Table 4.8
GMAW Shielding Gases for Short-Circuiting Transfer
Metal Shielding Gas Characteristics
Carbon steel 75% argon + 25% carbon dioxide High welding speeds with minimum melt-through; minimum
spatter; clean weld appearance; good pool control in vertical and
overhead positions.
100% carbon dioxide Deeper penetration; faster welding speeds; high spatter levels.
Stainless steel 90% helium + 7.5% argon + 2.5% No effect on corrosion resistance; small heat-affected zone;
carbon dioxide minimizes undercut.
Low-alloy steel 60% to 70% helium + 25% to 35% Minimum reactivity; excellent toughness; excellent arc stability,
argon + 4.5% carbon dioxide wetting characteristics, and bead contour; little spatter.
75% argon +25% carbon dioxide Fair toughness; excellent arc stability, wetting characteristics, and
bead contour; little spatter.
Aluminum, copper magnesium, Argon and argon + helium Argon satisfactory on sheet metal; argon-helium preferred for
nickel, and their alloys thicker base material.
Source: American Welding Society (AWS) Committee on Arc Welding and Cutting, 1994, Recommended Practices for Gas Metal Arc Welding, ANSI/AWS C5.6-94R, Miami:
American Welding Society, Table 4.

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