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IIoT Applications: Oil, Chemical and

Pharmaceutical Industry

PT Dr. Sudip Misra

Professor
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
Email: smisra@sit.iitkgp.ernet.in
Website: http://cse.iitkgp.ac.in/~smisra/
Research Lab: cse.iitkgp.ac.in/~smisra/swan/

Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things 1

IoT and the Industry

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 Industries add extensive value by integrating IoT strategies for
transforming the business
 Industries need to become more efficient and reliable
 Maximize profit by the predictions

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 IoT cloud slash cost

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IoT in Oil and Gas Industry

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Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things 3
Oil and Gas Industry

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“lies not in helping oil and gas companies directly manage their
existing assets, supply chains or customer relationships–rather,
IoT technology creates an entirely new asset: information about
these elements of their business,” Deloitte

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Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things 4
 Oil and Gas Industry Work-flow

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Deploy IoT
Generate on-
Apply predictive solutions in
premises
analytics different
simulated data
locations

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Data analysis by
extraction,
transform and
load process
Data moves to a
cloud-based
analytics
platform
Accurately
identify the
require
maintenance

Reference: https://blog.equinix.com/blog/2017/12/06/how-the-oil-and-gas-industry-is-powered-by-the-iot-machine-learning-and-cloud/

Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things 5

Machine learning and cloud services

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Examine current Analyze and Provides a top-
state evaluate data down review
architecture

Illustrates
Identifies Identifies cloud context,

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specific data platform limitations and
types solutions

Find
assumptions and Identifies machine Creates a
constraints of learning algorithm roadmap
data types

Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things 6

 Improve operational Excellence

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 Predictive maintenance
 Location Intelligence
 Pipeline and equipment monitoring
 Monitor

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 Sensor integration
 Real time machines
 Fleet operations

Reference: https://dzone.com/articles/usage-of-iot-in-oils-and-gas

Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things 7

IoT increases customer loyalty

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 Connects business and car
 Smart application
 Energy consumption profiles

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Reference: https://www.allerin.com/blog/whats-iot-doing-in-oil-gas
ee

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Benefits of using IoT in Oil and Gas Industries

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 Increase production efficiency
 Save cost and time
 Improve asset maintenance

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 Enhance
 Production
 Work safety
 Supply chain planning

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IoT in Chemical Industry

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Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things 10
 IoT helps in Chemical Industry

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Predictive
Reduce Maintenance Condition-
Energy based
Expenses IoT in Monitoring
Chemical

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Industry
Minimize Improve
Supply Chain Logistics
Risk Improve Quality
and equipment
management
References: https://www.digitalistmag.com/iot/2016/05/12/chemical-industry-4-opportunities-provided-by-internet-of-things-04196654
https://altizon.com/industries/chemical/

Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things 11

Predictive maintenance

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 Address real time issues
 Reduce equipment breakdown
 Efficient and effective maintenance

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 improve quality by efficient IoT analytics programs
 improve service

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Condition-based monitoring

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 Predict quality by continuous monitoring
 Water, nutrients, and pesticides analysis
 Analytics predict weather and its impact on farming

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 Adjust the amount of required material
 Pricing model with the profit margin

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Improve Logistics

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 Ensure product location through sensors or RFID tags
 Track assets to prevent loss
 Detection of contamination or attacks
 Alert notification


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Warehouse monitoring

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Reduce Energy Expenses

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 Energy usage and regulatory control
 Analyze real time data
 Improve

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 Usage pattern
 Inefficiency

Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things 15

Minimize Supply Chain Risk

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 Chemical manufacturers can response immediately to the
required process
 Real-time monitor in supply chain:
 Equipment




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Material
Process
Environment
Workers

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IoT in Pharmaceutical Industry

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Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things 17
Use of IoT sensors in Pharmaceutical Industry

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 Deployed in production areas
 Access huge data of different manufacturing departments
 Real time monitoring
 Able to control the areas remotely

 Reduce
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Proper utilization of equipment

 Production cost
 Wastage

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IoT Application in Pharmaceutical Industry

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 Examine drugs
 Detect:
 Adverse Drugs Reaction (ADR)
 Effects of pharmaceutical excipients


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Allergies
Other complications

Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things 19

IoT Application in pharmaceutical Industry (Contd..)

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 Quality control by real-time monitoring
 Safe and secure drug delivery
 Deploy to connect different technologies:

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 Manufacturing
 Monitoring
 Controlling
 Distribution

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Improve logistics

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 Track the movement of pharmaceutical goods
 Improve warehousing
 Optimize routing

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 Maintenance of machines and equipment
 Inspects the maintenance of medicine and vaccines

Reference: https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/305272

Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things 21

References

EL
[1] Jara, Antonio J., Alberto F. Alcolea, M. A. Zamora, AF Gómez Skarmeta, and Mona Alsaedy.
"Drugs interaction checker based on IoT." Internet of Things (IOT), 2010. IEEE, 2010.
[2] Cognizant 20-20 Insights. Online. URL: https://www.cognizant.com/whitepapers/the-internet-
of-things-the-new-rx-for-pharmaceuticals-manufacturing-and-supply-chains-codex2437.pdf
[3] Softweb Solutions. Online. URL: https://www.softwebsolutions.com/resources/industrial-IoT-

PT
solution-for-oil-and-gas.html
[4] IoT and the future of the energy industry. eniday. Online. URL:
https://www.eniday.com/en/technology_en/internet-of-things-energy-industry/
[5]Data-Driven Outcomes: How the Internet of Things is Driving Digital Transformation in the
Chemicals Industry. Frost & Sullivan. Online. URL: https://www.infor.com/content/analyst/digital-
transformations-in-chemicals-industry.pdf/

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IIoT Applications: UAVs in Industries

PT Dr. Sudip Misra

Professor
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
Email: smisra@sit.iitkgp.ernet.in
Website: http://cse.iitkgp.ac.in/~smisra/
Research Lab: cse.iitkgp.ac.in/~smisra/swan/

Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things 1

UAVs are Connected to IoT

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 Deployable to various locations
 Capable of conveying adaptable payloads
 Measure the required data from different locations

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 Re-programmable

Source: Why Drones Are the Future of the Internet of Things, Skylogic Research Drone Analyst

Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things 2

UAVs Applications in Industry

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 UAVs gather integration of the measurements using IoT sensors
 UAVs have an end-to-end connection via wireless, from user to
controller
 Communicates directly to an industrial control system such as the
SCADA

PT
 UAVs are capable of taking aerial imagery, visual imagery, thermal
imagery and also radio-frequency imagery of factory stations and
substations.

Source: Drones for Industrial Applications, Plant Automation Technology

Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things 3

UAVs Technology Generations:

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First Generation Fundamental Remote Control UAVs of different forms

Second Generation Static design, fixing camera mount, still photography, video recording, and manual steering control

Third Generation added two-axis gimbals, essential safety models. HD video, assisted guiding

Transformable designs, 1080 HD video or higher value instrumentation, three-axis gimbals, improved
Fourth Generation

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safety modes, autopilot modes.

Transformable designs with 360° gimbals, high quality video or higher-value instrumentation,
Fifth Generation improved piloting modes.

improved safety and regulatory, platform and payload adaptability, automated safety modes,
Sixth Generation intelligent piloting models and full autonomy, airspace awareness.

enhanced intelligent piloting models and full autonomy, full airspace awareness, auto action (takeoff,
Seventh Generation land, and mission execution)
Source: Drones Racing up the Industrial Futures, The IoT Magazine

Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things 4

Application Fields

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Agriculture Delivery / Healthcare

Construction Sites Oil and Gas

Mining Warehousing and Inventory

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Energy Management

Telecommunication
Forestry

Entertainment

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Application in Agriculture

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 Increase effective yields:
Precisely estimate the field characteristics
 Save time:
Help farmers in scouting their crops
 Optimized inputs:

PT
Optimize use of seed, fertilizer, water
 Crop health monitoring:
 Fertilization dispersal to different areas as per needed
 Monitor crop stress factors (like over fertilization or drought)
Source: Use cases: The many IoT applications of drones, RCR Wireless News
Agriculture Field

Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things 6

Application in Agriculture (Contd..)

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 Other information:
 Find the field borders for flight pattern
 Soil quality, plant counting, plots size
 Low-cost camera platform :

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 Integrated software covers maximum areas of growing yields
 Take effective images by planning their flight path
 High quality and high precision real time images

Source: Six Ways Drones Are Revolutionizing Agriculture, MIT Technology Review

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 Application in Construction Sites

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 Survey:
 Quick survey of required job areas
 Build maps
 Monitoring job sites:
Monitor progress, works, and safety standards

PT
Construction Sites Monitoring
 Inspecting structures:
 Take continuous complex readings instead of lots of workers and heavy
softwares
 Inspect infrastructures and constructing roadways and forest roads
Source: Use cases: The many IoT applications of drones, RCR Wireless News
Image source: “building the lift construction site”, PhotoMIX-Company/ Creative Common CC0/, Online: https://pixabay.com/en/building-the-lift-construction-
site-1804030/

Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things 8

Application in Construction Sites(Contd..)

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 Showing clients progress:
Show clients work progress when they are far away from job sites
 Require less time, save energy and money
 Monitor shoreline erosion

PT
Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things 9
Energy Management

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Inspections without climbing power poles
No need to get close to dangerous wires
Observe miles of transmission lines in a single flight
Transmission Damage from storms
Lines
Inspect large boiler at power plants

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Solar Panels Monitoring
Monitor solar panels of the farms
Inspect of wind turbines
Inspect bridges, dams

Source: Top 5 Industrial Applications For Drones, OpTo Blog

Image source: “solar roof panels farm house shed”, RosiePosie/ Creative Common CC0/,
Online: https://pixabay.com/en/solar-roof-panels-farm-house-shed-776563/

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Application in Mining

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 Regular surface survey for optimized
blast design
 Identify misfire and wall damage
 Manage stockpiles

PT
 Helps in grading control
 Site exploration
 Safety and surveillance Mining Sites Survey

Source: Top 5 Industrial Applications For Drones, OpTo Blog

Image source: “open pit mining carbon coal mining”, herbert2512/ Creative Common CC0/, Online: https://pixabay.com/en/open-pit-mining-carbon-coal-mining-
3559209/

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Application in Delivery and Helthcare

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Delivery of medicines, vaccines,
defibrillators, snake bite serum
Delivery to the hospitals and remote areas
Transport blood samples to laboratories for

PT
Healthcare Delivery
testing crucial diseases
Research is being done on drones with
manipulator arms that can help the senior
population

Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things 12

Application in Telecommunication

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 Tower inspection by UAVs:
 Monitor towers from any angle and height
 Maintenance and repairing by continuous monitoring
 Deployed on demand

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 Re-deployed with changing purposes
 Testing networks:
 Network coverage and stability
 Covers wide areas with less cost
Access
Point
Ground
Control
Station

Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things 13

Application in Telecommunication (Contd..)

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 Broadcasting live events
 Provides internet services in rural areas
 Increase work safety

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Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things 14
Application in Oil and Gas

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 Data collection:
Collect videos and thermal imagery of oil and gas fields, fed to the
industry for analyze
 Pipeline monitoring:

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 Detect leakage of oil and gas pipelines
 Oil spill detection and damage assessment

Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things 15

Application in Oil and Gas

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 Construction planning:
Information gathered by elevation mapping, watershed analysis
 Reduce manpower requirement and increase safety:
No need of industrial mountaineering with risk and high cost

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 Monitoring work progress
 Tracking asset usage

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Application in Warehousing and Inventory

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 Scans a huge number of items in a warehouse
 Check the missing items
 Monitor full inventory in a day

PT
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Application in Forestry

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 Forestry survey:
Show information about the forest species including the humans around
the forest
 Precision forestry and canopy mapping:

PT
Measurement of canopy height, density and volume estimation
 Wildland fires tracking
 Protecting endangered species
 Save time, manpower and resources

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Application in Forestry (Contd..)

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 Forest management:
 Manage forest plantations and evenly distribute seedlings
sprinkling fertilizer
 Control forest density

PT
 3D mapping of carbon storage in the forest:
 Measure the carbon storage in biomass by remote sensing
 Resist deforestation and increase security

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Application in Entertainment

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 Cheaper and exciting:
 UAV-based light displays are cheaper and more exciting than
traditional firework display
 Entertains as a flying light show
 Controlled by single computer that consumes manpower
 Reusable

PT
 Film industries for capturing frames in a cost effective way

Source: Drones as Entertainment: what’s ahead for this emerging application?, Unmanned Systems source

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Shipping and Delivery

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 Shipping and delivery by drone in different companies
 Save manpower and resources
 Save time by avoiding unnecessary road traffic

PT
Source: 10 stunning applications of drone technology, Allerin

Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things 21

References
[1] Tang, L. & Shao, G. J. For. Res. (2015) 26: 791. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-015-0088-y

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[2] Al-Turjman, Fadi and Alturjman, Sinem. “5G/IoT-enabled UAVs for multimedia delivery in industry-oriented
applications”, Multimedia Tools and Applications, Springer, 2018.
[2] Use cases: The many IoT applications of drones. Online. URL:
https://www.rcrwireless.com/20160829/internet-of-things/drones-use-case-tag31-tag99
[3] Why Drones Are the Future of the Internet of Things. Online. URL:
https://droneanalyst.com/2014/12/01/drones-are-the-future-of-iot
[4] Drones for Industrial Applications. Online. URL:

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https://www.plantautomation-technology.com/articles/drones-for-industrial-applications
[5] Drones Racing up the Industries Futures. Online. URL:
https://theiotmagazine.com/drones-racing-up-the-industries-futures-ad0dd09ba341
[6] 15 Uses of Drones in Forestry. Online. URL:
http://grinddrone.com/applications/15-uses-of-drones-in-forestry
[7] UAV / Drone Technology for Oil & Gas. Online. URL:
http://www.greenaerotech.com/uav-drone-technology-for-oil-gas/

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Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things 23
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Case Studies for Industry 4.0 & IIoT

PT Dr. Sudip Misra

Professor
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
Email: smisra@sit.iitkgp.ernet.in
Website: http://cse.iitkgp.ac.in/~smisra/
Research Lab: cse.iitkgp.ac.in/~smisra/swan/

Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things 1

Why are Case studies necessary?

EL
 Case studies provide in-depth knowledge and clarity of
concepts regarding the research topic.
 Case study
 enables a researcher to closely examine the data


 PT
within a specific context
follows certain procedures
provides quantitative and qualitative analysis of the data

Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things 2

Why are Case studies necessary? (contd.)

EL
 Case studies explore and investigate real-life phenomenon
through detailed analysis of related events.
 Generally, in a case study, a small geographical area or a very
limited number of individuals, are selected as the subject
matter.

PT
Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things 3
Different Case Studies

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Milk
Processing and
Packaging
Steel Industries Manufacturing
Technology Lab Industries -
Part I

Case

PT Studies
Virtual Reality Manufacturing
Lab Industries -
Part II

Student Student
Projects - Part Projects - Part I
II

Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things 4

Points to ponder … (for all case studies)

EL
 Transformation of existing processes for Industry 4.0 adoption
 Assessment of existing processes
 Target objectives
 Transformation project management … setting objectives,

PT
schedule, budget
 Sensors, actuators, networks, interoperability, automated
fault detection & maintenance, feedback control,

Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things 5

Points to ponder … (for all case studies)

EL
 Sensors, actuators, networks, interoperability
 automated fault detection & maintenance
 feedback control
 analysis of data (real time & non-real time)


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reduction of health hazards of workers
improvement in overall efficiency

Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things 6

 References

EL
[1] Case Study as a Research Method, URL: http://psyking.net/htmlobj-3837/.
[2] Swanbornttps, URL: //uk.sagepub.com/sites/default/files/upm-binaries/.

PT
Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things
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PT
Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things 8