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Power Plant Engineering Worksheet A/Y 2018/2019

This document contains 6 problems related to power plant engineering. Problem 1 asks to compare data from two boilers and calculate their thermal efficiencies. Problem 2 provides data on a boiler and asks to create a heat balance table and calculate equivalent evaporation. Problem 3 asks to calculate the power developed by the blades of an impulse reaction turbine. Problem 4 asks to calculate the exit velocity and ratio of cross-sectional areas for steam in a convergent-divergent nozzle. Problems 5 and 6 provide data on steam cycles and prime movers and ask to calculate quality, cooling water flow rates, and temperature rises.

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54 views2 pages

Power Plant Engineering Worksheet A/Y 2018/2019

This document contains 6 problems related to power plant engineering. Problem 1 asks to compare data from two boilers and calculate their thermal efficiencies. Problem 2 provides data on a boiler and asks to create a heat balance table and calculate equivalent evaporation. Problem 3 asks to calculate the power developed by the blades of an impulse reaction turbine. Problem 4 asks to calculate the exit velocity and ratio of cross-sectional areas for steam in a convergent-divergent nozzle. Problems 5 and 6 provide data on steam cycles and prime movers and ask to calculate quality, cooling water flow rates, and temperature rises.

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dmc construction
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AASTU, College of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering

Dep’t: EME and ME

Power Plant Engineering Worksheet A/Y 2018/2019


1. The following data obtained from testing boiler (A) and (B), compare the two. Boiler
pressure (absolute pr. kPa), temp. of steam leaving the boiler (cº)
Boiler (A) Boiler (B)

Boiler pr. (in kPa absolute) 1721.3 1381.3


Temp. of steam leaving boiler cº 300 194
Dryness fracture of steam -- 0.9
Temp. of feeding water cº 60 30
Mass flow rate of steam kg/hr 9072 8165
Mass of coal which firing each hr kg/hr 907 816
Gross heat value of coal (MJ/kg) G.H.V. 33.5 33.5
If specific heat of super heated steam 2 kJ/kg.cº and for water 4.2 kJ/kg.cº, which boiler
has higher E.E. (Equivalent Evaporation) up to 100 cº , what is the thermal efficiency for
each one, which one is the best boiler?
2. a boiler generates the steam at (930 kPa) gage pr. and 0.9 dryness fracture. The boiler test
gives the following data:
Temp. of feeding water = 83.5 cº.
Steam generated for each hour = 9072 kg
Coal firing for each hour = 907 kg
Moisture content in the coal = 2% (i.e. for each kg of fuel)
Ash content at coal firing = 10% (i.e. for each kg of fuel)
Carbon content in ash = 20%
Dry exhaust gases for each kg of coal fire = 30 kg
Temp. Of exhaust gases = 238 cº
Temp. of the boiler space = 24 cº
Heating value of dry coal for each kg of air = 35 MJ
Specific heat value for exhaust gases = 1 kJ/kg. cº
Heating value of carbon for each kg of air = 33.4 MJ
Atmospheric pressure = 101.3 kPa
AASTU, College of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering
Dep’t: EME and ME

For this data, find


a) the heat balance table represent all values of heat in kJ/kg of fuel.
b) the equivalent evaporation (EE) for this boiler above 100 cº.
(Use Cpsteam = 2 kJ/kg.cº, and Cpw = 4.2 kJ/kg. cº)

3. In a stage of an impulse reaction turbine provided with a single row of wheel, the mean
diameter of the blade ring is 1m and the speed of rotation is 3000rpm. The steam issues
from the nozzles of angle 200 with a velocity of 350 m/s. if the blade velocity coefficient
is 0.86, what is the power developed in the blades. When the axial thrust on the blade is
118N. (Hint: - use measurements to determine θ, Cf1 and Cfo)
4. Dry saturated steam at a pressure of 11 bar enters a convergent-divergent nozzle and leaves
at a pressure of 2 bar. If the flow is adiabatic and frictionless, determine:
a) The exit velocity of steam
b) Ratio of cross-section at exit and that at throat.
Assume the index of adiabatic expansion to be 1.135

5. A prime mover uses 15000kg of steam per hour and develops 2450 kW. The steam is
supplied at 30 bar and 350ºC. The exhaust from the prime mover is condensed at 725 mm
Hg when barometer records 755 mm Hg. The condensate temperature from the condenser
is 31ºC and the rise of temperature of circulating water is from 8ºC to 18ºC. Determine:
a) The quality of steam entering the condenser
b) The quantity of circulating cooling water and the ratio of cooling
Assume that no air is present in the condenser and all mechanical drive losses are
negligible.

6. Consider a steam power plant that operates on a simple ideal Rankine cycle and has a net
power output of 45 MW. Steam enters the turbine at 7 MPa and 500oC and is cooled in
the condenser to a pressure of 10 kPa by running cooling water from a lake through the
condenser at a rate of 2000 kg/s. Show the cycle on a T-s diagram with respect to the
saturation lines, and determine
a) the mass flow rate of the steam and
b) the temperature rises of the cooling water.

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