Maritime and Coastguard Agency LogMARINE GUIDANCE NOTE

MGN 468 (M)

Voluntary Towage Endorsement Scheme

Notice to all UK Port and Harbour Authorities, Shipowners and Operators engaged in
towage work, Contractors and others conducting risk assessments of towage
operations.

This notice should be read in conjunction with MSN 1808 (M).

Summary.
This notice describes the arrangement for the MCA recognised voluntary towage
endorsement scheme. It has been developed at the request of the UK towage and workboat
industry to help ensure that masters engaged in towage operations have the necessary skills
for such specialist operations.

The notice identifies competence standards and the specific knowledge, understanding and
proficiency needed to safely operate in this area of the maritime industry.

The voluntary towage endorsement scheme may assist port and harbour authorities
conducting risk assessments of towage operations and developing safe systems of work as
required by the Port Marine Safety Code.

Key points:

1. The towage endorsement scheme is voluntary and there is no statutory obligation to hold
a towage endorsement to work in the towage industry.

2. Voluntary towage endorsements are intended to be used in conjunction with an

appropriate Certificate of Competency (CoC) and are not in themselves a substitute for
such a certificate.

3. There are three towage endorsements:

a. General Towage
b. Ship Assist Towage
c. Sea Towage

4. The general towage endorsement will be accepted as meeting the competence standard
required for the issue of a ‘towing and pushing’ endorsement under the Boatmasters’
Regulations [SI 2006 No. 3223 - The Merchant Shipping (Inland Waterway and Limited
Coastal Operations) (Boatmasters' Qualifications and Hours of Work) Regulations 2006].

1
1. Introduction

1.1 The MCA recognises that certificates it issues under the International Convention on
Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping 1978, as amended, (STCW) and
those issued by the Royal Yachting Association (RYA) and others are generic to the
industry and there is no requirement for a separate statutory towage endorsement.

1.2 However, after consulting with industry the need for a voluntary towage endorsement
scheme was identified. Voluntary towage endorsements will:

a. assist owners and operators engaged in towage work, or harbour masters, contractors
and others when risk assessing towage operations; and

b. enable individuals to demonstrate that they are suitably experienced and competent to
carry out such work.

1.3 Unless they wish to enhance their knowledge in a specific area of towage, this notice is
not relevant for holders of tug specific Certificates of Competency1.

2. Description of the endorsements

2.1 There are three voluntary towage endorsements:

a. General Towage Endorsement – towing and pushing in categorised waters2 or in

limited coastal areas3 (competence standard contained in Annex 1).

b. Ship Assist Towage Endorsement - assisting with the berthing and un-berthing of
vessels (competence standard contained in Annex 2).

c. Sea Towage Endorsement - towage of vessels or floating objects at sea

(competence standard contained in Annex 3).

3. Qualifying conditions

3.1 Persons applying for voluntary towage endorsement must complete the training record
book and show proof of relevant experience of towage tasks.
a. General Towage
A person will require to have attained a minimum of 120 days service in vessels whilst
engaged upon acts of general towage for the award of this endorsement.

b. Ship Assist Towage

After completion of the General Towage endorsement, a further 120 days service in
vessels whilst engaged upon specific ‘ship assist’ operations.

1 The Voluntary Towage Endorsement Scheme is not intended to replace the BTA sponsored training or
tug training route currently being developed by the MCA and our tug industry partners leading to the
issue of a tug specific Certificate of Competence under STCW.
2
Refer to MSN 1827 (M) – Categorisation of Waters
3
Limited coastal area, as defined in the Boatmasters’ Regulations, means an area of the sea where the
vessel is neither more than 15 miles (exclusive of waters of category A, B, C or D) from its point of
departure nor more than 3 miles from land.

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 c. Sea Towage
After completion of the General Towage endorsement, a further 180 days service in
vessels engaged upon Sea Towage, undertaking a minimum of 12 separate sea
towage operations.

4. Assessment and endorsement

4.1 Assessment and endorsement will be carried out by MCA Recognised Bodies.
Assessment for each endorsement will consist of an oral exam covering the underpinning
knowledge and a practical assessment. Successful candidates will be awarded the
appropriate endorsement by the Recognised Body.

4.2 Voluntary towage endorsement assessors will be appointed by the MCA Recognised
Body.

4.3 Assessors are expected to have a minimum of five years relevant experience in towing
operations and relevant assessment experience.

5. Recognised Bodies

5.1 The National Workboat Association (NWA) is recognised by the MCA to carry out
assessments and certification for the voluntary towage endorsement scheme.

5.2 The NWA is required to maintain a list of current assessors and records of candidates
assessed and voluntary towage endorsements issued. They may make a charge for
undertaking the assessment and issuing the endorsement to cover their assessor’s costs
and administrative overheads.

5.3 Contact details are:

National Workboat Association

21 Southcote Close
Bacchus Lane
South Cave, Brough
HU15 2BQ
01430 470013 (Secretary)
07834 866124
secretary@workboatassociation.org

5.4 Applications to become a Recognised Body by the MCA under the Voluntary Towage
Endorsement Scheme should be made in writing to the MCA Chief Examiner and
submitted to the address at the end of this notice.

6. Application for assessment for the issue of a Voluntary Towage Endorsement

6.1 Candidates wishing to obtain the voluntary towage endorsements described in this
document should apply to a Recognised Body as detailed in paragraph 5 to be assessed
for the issue of a voluntary towage endorsement.

6.2 Holders of Boatmasters’ Licences (BML) who wish to engage in towage operations must
obtain the BML Towing and Pushing Endorsement in accordance with the requirements
of the BML regulations. If the holder of a BML obtains the voluntary General Towage

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 Endorsement then this will be accepted as meeting the requirements for the BML Towing
and Pushing Endorsement.

7. Training Record Books

7.1 Candidates must complete the appropriate sections of the approved Training Record
Book (TRB) for the Voluntary Towage Endorsement Scheme contained in Annex 4
prior to being examined for the a voluntary towage endorsement. When the relevant
sections are completed, the TRB provides comprehensive documentary evidence of an
approved training program.

7.2 The TRB can be downloaded from the MCA website:

http://www.dft.gov.uk/mca/ds-stc-vte-annex_4_-_training_record_book.pdf

More Information

Seafarer Training and Certification

Maritime and Coastguard Agency,
Bay 1/21
Spring Place,
105 Commercial Road,
Southampton,
SO15 1EG.

Tel : +44 (0) 23 8032 9231.

Fax : +44 (0) 23 8032 9252.
e-mail: exams.section@mcga.gov.uk.

General Inquiries: infoline@mcga.gov.uk .

MCA Website Address: www.dft.gov.uk/mca .

File Ref: MC 049/027/0016

Published: March 2013

Please note that all addresses and
telephone numbers are correct at time of publishing.

© Crown Copyright 2013.

Safer Lives, Safer Ships, Cleaner Seas.

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Annex 1

Competence Standards for General Towage Endorsement

A1.1 Summary

This standard is about:

The competence required to conduct general towage operations (towing and pushing) at a management level
on board vessels operating in categorised waters or in limited coastal areas.

This standard is for:

Masters of vessels engaged in general towage operations (towing and pushing) in categorised waters or in
limited coastal areas.

A1.2 Outcomes of effective performance

Candidates for the issue of the General Towage Endorsement will have demonstrated that they can do
the following:

1. Ensure that there are clearly defined safe work procedures/standing orders for conducting safe general
towage operations.

2. Inspect the vessel to be towed and establish correctly that it is safe to tow to the planned destination.

3. Inform the relevant authority promptly where you assess the vessel to be unfit for towing, stating the
reasons clearly.

4. Where necessary, ensure that all statutory, regulatory and other requirements for the tow are identified
and met, and comply with all navigational, reporting and warning requirements.

5. Where the vessel is subject to compulsory pilotage, ensure there is an adequate exchange between the
Master of the towing vessel and Pilot and effective bridge team support for the Pilot.

6. Assess the circumstances affecting the requirement for a tow, and determine correctly any risks
involved.

7. Plan the tow, identifying correctly the actions required, taking into account the characteristics of the tow,
and any relevant navigational restrictions, determining the best method for towing.

8. Establish and maintain clear and appropriate communications between your vessel and that to be
towed.

9. Brief all concerned clearly and correctly on the actions to be taken, ensuring that everyone understands
their role and the emphasis upon safety.

10. Prepare correctly all necessary equipment for towing and rigging, checking for damage prior to taking a
tow, making good and reporting any faults before use.

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11. Develop and action appropriate contingency plans that ensure the safety of navigation, protection of the
marine environment and safety of the vessel and persons on board.

12. React safely and appropriately to loss of critical systems e.g. loss of main power or steering unit whilst
engaged in general towage operations.

13. Identify where the transfer of a crew member to the vessel to be towed would assist the towing
operation, and where relevant, undertake such a transfer safely and correctly.

14. Rig, secure and deploy the towing equipment correctly, taking necessary actions to protect both
vessels and to minimise the effect of chafe.

15. Ensure that the correct audible and visual signals indicate towing.

16. Handle the vessel safely under the prevailing conditions with due consideration to the engineering
systems.

17. Operate remote controls of propulsion plant, engineering systems and services correctly and safely.

18. Monitor the tow, and make any necessary adjustments correctly and safely.

19. Establish communications with those receiving the tow and other relevant authorities, and ensure that
preparations for receiving the tow on arrival are in place.

20. Disengage the tow correctly and safely.

A1.3 Knowledge and understanding

Underpinning Knowledge Syllabus for General Towage Endorsement

Candidates need to know and understand the following:

GT 1 INTERNAL COMMUNICATIONS

The use of internal communications systems and effective forms of communications including:
1.1 Pre-tow briefing/ toolbox talks
1.2 Use of hand signals
1.3 Use of hand held radios
1.4 Use of CCTV
1.5 On board alarms/announcements/signage

GT 2 EXTERNAL COMMUNICATIONS

External communications with other vessels, pilots and coastal authorities including:
2.1 Tow set up briefing
2.2 Use generic terminology after confirming common understanding with pilots and shore authorities
2.3 Use of the IMO Standard Marine Communication Phrases (SMCP) as appropriate
2.3 Use of radios and commands/instructions
2.3 Use of other means of communications including AIS
2.4 Reports to navigation authorities/Harbour Master/VTS/Port Control/HM Coastguard

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GT 3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES

The actions to be taken in the event of:

3.1 Failure of towing lines
3.2 Failure of Gog arrangements/shackles/towing hook/winch
3.3-5 Failure of critical systems including – engine/steering/propulsion/electrical
3.6 Loss of communication with towed vessel/pilot/port control
3.7 Mechanical problem on towed vessel including engines/steering/other (e.g. release or loss of anchors)
3.8 Rope in propulsion system
3.9 Failure of watertight integrity of tug when towing
3.10 Collision
3.11 Grounding of tug and/or tow
3.12 Man overboard
3.13 Fire
3.14 Pollution
3.15 Use of emergency controls
3.16 Deployment of emergency tow line/emergency anchor systems
3.17 Emergency release of tow
3.18 Deployment of crew in emergency situations
3.19 Constraints on ability to render assistance to others/SOLAS statutory obligations
3.20 Assessment of risk/limitations on ability of voluntary assistance for salvage

GT 4 FITNESS FOR PURPOSE

Ensuring that:
4.1-2 Vessel has appropriate certification for tug and tow
Vessel has appropriate lights and daylight shapes for towage available
4.3-4 Navigational equipment is in keeping with working areas
4.5 There is sufficient crew, suitably qualified and experienced for the intended work
4.6 Watertight integrity is maintained during towage operations
4.7 Vessel is of a size and type with power and bollard pull appropriate to carry out work intended and
expected conditions.
4.7 All lifting and towing equipment is tested and/or certified and of a size and type consistent with type of
work and operational area.
4.8 You are aware of meaning and purpose of the term ‘Warranty Survey’

GT 5 LOCAL KNOWLEDGE AND PASSAGE PLANNING WHEN TOWING AND PUSHING

Construct a passage plan for a voyage and demonstrate to the master that you have taken
account of the relevant local conditions, including:
5.1 Effect of local conditions on tows e.g., wind, tide, depth, localised tidal effects ‘run off’, interaction
(squat, canal effect) effect of propeller wash, currents and berths
5.2 Local traffic conditions, pilotage and port movements
5.3 Passage planning - to note the effect of wheel over on tow position
5.4 track of tow in narrow channels
5.5 ports of refuge and safe havens
5.6 Use of additional tugs for critical points in the passage
5.7 Grounding between tides (ebbing up)

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GT 6 SAFE TOWAGE OPERATION

How to plan a towage operation taking into account:

6.1 Identification of the principal risks and method of assessment
6.2 Type and characteristics of towing gear to be used
6.2 Determining the towing methods to be used
6.2 Double headed tow/ tandem tow/ integrated tug systems for pusher tugs/ non integrated pushing/
Mississippi arrangements
6.3-4 The inspection of the tow, assessment of suitable towage points and chafing areas
6.5 Close quarters operations – effect of interaction, wash, restricted waters
6.5 Characteristics of the tow
6.6 Rigging, correct deployment and safe handling of the towing gear
6.7&15Connecting up and letting go, changing towage arrangements
6.8 Safe areas on deck
6.9 Sufficient lighting – deck lighting/directional searchlight to illuminate tow
6.10 Stability for towing operations
6.12 Relevant local byelaws
6.13 Appropriate towage arrangements for different phases of the tow
6.14 Berthing arrangements
On passage
6.16 Monitoring the tow, and taking safe and timely corrective action if required
6.16 Knowledge of towing points. Risk and prevention of girting - e.g. use of towing pins, gog ropes etc
6.17 Avoidance of large dynamic tensions (‘snatching’) in the towline

GT 7 TOWING EQUIPMENT

How to use loose equipment safely taking into account:

7.1 Safe Working Loads - knowledge of difference between lifting regulations and towing industry
standards
7.2 Types of ropes, wires and chains commonly used in towage
7.3 Characteristics, monitoring, care, testing and certification of all loose equipment, proof tests and
manufacturers certificates
7.4 Towing Bridles, stretchers and chafe chains, gogs, gobs, bridles and V ropes
Types of shackles, uses, and securing
Monkey plates (face plates)
Stoppers
Towing pins, Shark jaws and other line restraining devices
Anti chafe devices

How to use and maintain the following fixed equipment safely taking into account their
limitations:
7.5-9 Bollards, bitts and samson posts
Winches and capstans, including controls, brakes and tension measuring devices
7.10-12 Towing hooktypes - release mechanisms, maintenance and testing procedures
7.13 Fairleads, rollers and towing brackets e.g. Smit bracket
7.14 Fendering – types and securing methods

GT 8 PROPULSION SYSTEMS AND TUG TYPES

Have knowledge of operational characteristics of the following range of propulsion and steering
systems:
8.1 Azimuth propellers - 360° steerable propellers which can deliver thrust in any direction (Z pellers)
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8.2 Controllable pitch propeller(s)(CPP)
8.3 Fixed pitch propeller(s)(FPP)
8.4 Voith Schneider (VS) propulsion – vertical propeller blades
8.5 Steerable nozzles
8.6 Shrouded nozzles e.g. Kort type

GT 9 DIFFERENTIATE THE FOLLOWING TUGS IN TERMS OF TOWING POINT WITH RESPECT TO

PROPULSION SYSTEM

Have knowledge of the classification of tug types in terms of the position of their propulsion
systems with respect to their towing point:
Propulsion forward of midships with a towing point aft:
9.1 Tractor Tugs with Voith (VS)
9.2 Tractor tugs with Azimuth propellers
Propulsion aft and towing point near midships:
9.3 Conventional type – single or twin FPP or CPP
Intermediate tug types – dependent on method of operation:
9.4 Reverse tractor or pusher tugs
9.5 Combi tugs – modified older tugs with a 360° steerable thrusters in the bow.
9.6 Azimuth stern drive (ASD)- usually twin units

GT 10 DESCRIBE THE MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FOLLOWING VESSEL TYPES AND

FUNCTIONS

Have a general knowledge of classification of tugs according to function:

10.1 Seagoing tugs
10.2 Escort tugs – passive or active
10.3 Harbour/ship assist tugs/Carousel tugs
10.4 Anchor handling tugs
10.5 Craft tugs, workboats and multicats
10.6 Pusher tugs including combination units
10.7 Line handling craft

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Annex 2

Competence Standards for Ship Assist Towage Endorsement

A2.1 Summary

This standard is about:

The competence required to conduct ship assist towage operations (assisting with the berthing and un-berthing
of vessels) at a management level on board vessels operating in categorised waters or in limited coastal areas.

The standards for the Ship Assist Towage Endorsement are in addition to the requirements of the General
Towage Endorsement.

This standard is for:

Masters of vessels engaged in ship assist towage operations in categorised waters or in limited coastal areas.

A2.2 Outcomes of effective performance

Candidates for the issue of the Ship Assist Towage Endorsement will have demonstrated that they can
do the following:

1. Ensure that there are clearly defined safe work procedures/standing orders for conducting safe ship
assist towage operations.

2. Assess the vessel to be provided assistance and establish correctly that it is safe to provide assistance
to the planned destination.

3. Inform the relevant authority promptly where you assess the vessel to be unfit for receiving assistance,
stating the reasons clearly.

4. Where necessary, ensure that all statutory, regulatory and other requirements for ship assist towage
operations are identified and met, and comply with all navigational, reporting and warning requirements.

5. Assess the circumstances affecting the requirement for providing assistance, and determine correctly
any risks involved.

6. In conjunction with the pilot and/or vessel master, as appropriate, plan the ship assist operations,
identifying correctly the actions required, taking into account the characteristics of the vessel to be
assisted, and any relevant navigational restrictions, determining the best method for providing the
assistance.

7. Establish and maintain clear and appropriate communications between your vessel and the vessel to
which the assistance is being provided.

8. Brief all concerned clearly and correctly on the actions to be taken, ensuring that everyone understands
their role and the emphasis upon safety.

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9. Prepare correctly all necessary equipment for providing ship assist services, checking for damage prior
to commencing operations, making good and reporting any faults before use

10. Develop and action appropriate contingency plans that ensure the safety of navigation, protection of the
marine environment and safety of the vessel and persons on board during ship assist operations.

11. Ensure that the correct audible and visual signals indicate ship assist operations.

12. Handle the vessel safely under the prevailing conditions with due consideration to the engineering
systems.

13. Operate remote controls of propulsion plant, engineering systems and services correctly and safely.

14. Monitor the tow, and make any necessary adjustments correctly and safely.

15. Establish communications with those receiving the tow including the pilot and/or vessel master and
other relevant authorities, and ensure that preparations for receiving the tow on arrival are in place.

16. React safely and appropriately to loss of critical systems e.g. main power or steering unit whilst in close
proximity/made fast to assisted vessel.

17. Disengage the tow correctly and safely.

A2.3 Knowledge and understanding

Underpinning Knowledge Syllabus for Ship Assist Towage Endorsement

Note: Whilst some of the knowledge areas below are similar to the General Towage Endorsement, they are
intended to reflect a greater depth of knowledge in these specific areas.

Candidates need to know and practically demonstrate the following:

SAT 1 SHIP ASSIST, TUG HANDLING KNOWELDGE

1.1 The limitations of point load on ships’ hulls and how this might affect a ship assist operation.
1.2 The functions and limitations of different fendering arrangements.
1.3 The dangers and pressure areas arising from the construction of ships when operating in close proximity
e.g. interaction forces, lines of sight.
1.4 The correlation between the windage of a vessel, the expected weather conditions and the bollard pull of
the tug.
1.5 How to react to loss of critical systems whilst in close proximity/made fast to assisted vessel.
1.6 The safe operation of the vessel in port in restricted visibility whilst conducting ship assist operations.
1.7 A safe departure from berth and on completion, conduct a berthing alongside.
1.8 The ability to manoeuvre effectively under free sailing conditions.
1.9 Secure a barge alongside from a mooring and get underway.
1.10 How to manoeuvre and re-secure a lighter/barge.
1.11 Take station as the bow tug on large ship movement, including a running catch up from the shoulder.
1.12 Act as stern tug on large ship movement, including a running catch up.
1.13 To secure as the alongside tug, including changing sides within a winding/re-berth manoeuvre.
1.14 The role of the push/pull tug in a berthing or sailing movement.
1.15 How to act as lead bow tug into and/or out of tidal basin.
1.16 How to pick up bow to bow (ASD)
1.17 Typical abort manoeuvres and recovery position
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1.18 Active winch control
1.19 The hazards of using towed vessel’s ropes, gear and securing points.

SAT 2 EXTERNAL COMMUNICATIONS

2.1 The importance of the need for a clear berthing plan and agreement by all parties.
2.2 Communications between tug(s) and pilot:
• Use standard communications protocols / instructions for power and direction.
• Appreciate the importance of locally agreed terminology and means of communications.
• Clearly identify and establish communications with multiple tugs.

SAT 3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES

3.1 Reacting to loss of critical systems e.g. main power or steering unit whilst in close proximity/made fast
to assisted vessel.
3.2 Reacting to malfunction of critical systems on assisted vessel.
3.3 Methods of slipping tows under load and the associated hazards.

SAT 4 FITNESS FOR PURPOSE

4.1 Understanding the factors that influence the correct choice of tug (bollard pull, propulsion type,
manoeuvrability, size of vessel) for a given towage operation.
4.2 Appropriate use of available tugs.
4.3 Ensuring tug watertight integrity during towage operations.

SAT 5 DETAILED LOCAL KNOWLEDGE

Detailed knowledge of:

5.1 Harbour and terminal layout, to include:
• Berths, navigational channels and buoyage
• Local tidal flows and currents
• Limiting depths in berthing areas
5.2 Port Regulations including local pilotage requirements, local byelaws, towing in restricted visibility and
towage guidelines.
5.3 Relevant parts of the Port Marine Safety Code relating to towage.
5.4 Vessel traffic Services, traffic situational awareness and port movements.

SAT 6 SAFE TOWAGE OPERATION

6.1 Tug Handling

Thorough knowledge of tug handling in a range of Ship Assist manoeuvres including:
a. Direct and Indirect towing
b. Push and Pull techniques
c. Picking up and letting go over the bow or stern
d. Escort towing – steering and braking techniques
e. Securing alongside and manoeuvring dead ship vessels.

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6.2 Interaction
A detailed understanding of interaction with particular reference to working in close proximity with large
vessels, especially in bow to bow work with Azimuth Stern Drive (ASD) and Azimuth Tractor Drive
(ATD) tugs.
Reference: CaptHenkHensen article on Use of ASD Tugs - ISBN 1 870077 73 3 published by the
Nautical Institute – 2006
6.3 Fendering
a. Understanding the effects and limitations of point load on ships’ hulls.
b. Understand the effects, functions and limitations of different fendering arrangements on tugs.
6.4 Stability and watertight integrity
a. Appreciation of stability and the need for watertight integrity when towing under load conditions.
b. Knowledge of towing points and the avoidance of girting in dynamic situations.

SAT 7 TOWING EQUIPMENT

Practical knowledge of the capabilities and limitations of different types of the following as used
in Ship Assist operations to include:
7.1 Winches and Gear
a. Towing winches and capstans - rendering and tensioning
b. Towing hooks
c. Tow ropes - wires, synthetic ropes – polyester, High Modulus PolyEthylene (HMPE) ropes etc.
d. Use of pennants
e. Use of grommets
f. Use of joining shackles and connections
7.2 Use of assisted ship’s ropes and gear.
a. Safe working load and limitations of securing points
b. Hazards and limitations in the use of ship’s ropes
7.3 Testing and Inspection of towage equipment
a. Quick release gear
b. Records of certification of ropes wires and shackles
c. Inspection and renewal procedures

SAT 8 PROPULSION SYSTEMS AND TUG TYPES

8.1 Detailed knowledge of capabilities and limitations (including power rating) of tug types to include:
a.
Voith Schneider
b.
Azimuth Stern Drive (ASD)
c.
Azimuth Tractor Drive (ATD)
d.
Conventional single screw
e.
Conventional twin screw
8.2 Outline knowledge of other tug types including:
a. ‘Z’ Tech
b. Rotor
c. Carousel

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Annex 3

Competence Standard for Sea Towage Assist Endorsement

A3.1 Summary

This standard about:

The competence required to conduct sea towage operations.

The standards for the Sea Towage Endorsement are in addition to the requirements of the General Towage
Endorsement.

This standard is for:

Masters of vessels engaged in sea towage operations.

A3.2 Outcomes of effective performance

Candidates for the issue of the Sea Towage Endorsement will have demonstrated that they can do the
following:

1. Ensure that there are clearly defined safe work procedures/standing orders for conducting safe sea
towage operations.

2. Inspect the vessel to be towed and establish correctly that it is safe to be towed to the planned
destination in the expected sea and weather conditions.

3. Inform the relevant authority promptly where you assess the vessel to be unfit for towing, stating the
reasons clearly.

4. Where necessary, ensure that all statutory, regulatory and other requirements for the tow are identified
and met, and comply with all navigational, reporting and warning requirements.

5. Assess the circumstances affecting the requirement for a tow, and determine correctly any risks
involved.

6. Plan the tow, identifying correctly the actions required, taking into account the characteristics of the tow,
the expected conditions and any relevant navigational or pilotage restrictions, determining the best
method for towing.

7. Establish and maintain clear and appropriate communications between your vessel and the tow.

8. Brief all concerned clearly and correctly on the actions to be taken, ensuring that everyone understands
their role and the emphasis upon safety.

9. Prepare all necessary equipment for towing and rigging, checking for damage prior to taking the tow,
making good and reporting any faults before use.
10. Develop and action appropriate contingency plans that ensure the safety of navigation, protection of the
marine environment and safety of the tug and tow, and persons on board both vessels.
Page 14 of 48
11. React safely and appropriately to loss of critical systems e.g. loss of main power or steering unit whilst
engaged in sea towage operations.

12. Identify where the transfer of a crew member to the vessel to be towed would assist the towing
operation, and where relevant, undertake such a transfer safely and correctly.

13. Rig, secure and deploy the towing equipment correctly, taking necessary actions to protect both
vessels and to minimise the effect of chafe

14. Ensure that the correct audible and visual signals indicate towing.

15. Handle the vessel safely under the prevailing sea conditions with due consideration to the engineering
systems.

16. Operate remote controls of propulsion plant, engineering systems and services correctly and safely.

17. Monitor the tow, and make any necessary adjustments correctly and safely.

18. Establish communications with those receiving the tow and other relevant authorities, and ensure that
preparations for receiving the tow on arrival are in place.

19. Disengage the tow correctly and safely.

A3.3 Knowledge and understanding

Underpinning Knowledge Syllabus for Sea Towage Endorsement

Candidates need to know and understand the following:

ST 1 PRE TOWAGE INSPECTION

1.1-3 How to carry out an effective assessment of vessel to be towed, to include dimensions, towing points,
fixed equipment and cargo..
1.4 How to obtain contact details of agents.
1.5 Identify Pilotage requirements for departure and arrival ports.
1.6 If more than one tug towing, one to be designated as the main towing tug and to be responsible
for navigation and ensuring the towing plan is executed.
1.7 Up to date weather report for next 24 hours and longer where necessary
1.8 Assess the need for additional tugs / guard vessels e.g. When towing long pipelines.
1.9 Dangers when operating in close proximity to other vessels, interaction and when using multiple tugs
with differing propulsion and bollard pull.
1.10 Effects of high windage on a tow and the correlation of windage, expected weather and required bollard
pull.
1.11 Required statutory certification for the tow
1.12 The importance of establishing protocol between lead and subsidiary tugs
1.13 Towing vessel is to have sufficient fuel for the voyage
1.14 Factors affecting scope of gear to be used during different phases of the tow.

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ST 2 INSPECTION OF TOW

2.1 Watertight integrity - ensuring vents, watertight doors, hatches, port lights, deadlights, etc are closed
2.2 Draft and trim
2.3 Sufficient positive stability for the voyage - minimise slack tanks
2.4 Engine room inlet and outlet valves – ensuring all are closed
2.5 Sea fastenings
2.6 For a self-propelled vessel under tow, ensure rudders and shafts secured
2.7 Towage arrangements
2.8 Navigation lights, daylight shapes and sound signalling appliances
2.9 Emergency towing arrangements
2.10 Assess means of safe access to the tow at sea.

ST 3 CONDUCT OF THE TOW

3.1 Heaving in and paying out towlines and adjustment of engine power
3.2 Catenary of the tow wire – assessing the need to shorten up and reduce power in shallow waters.
3.3 Dangers of large and rapid alterations of course leading to the slack towline catching the seabed - need
for sufficient turning circle
3.4 Need for slow and controlled alterations in power applied
3.5 Towing in bad weather, use of tow line length and engine power and heaving to
3.5 Contingency plans for seeking shelter or safe haven.
3.6 Use of appropriate gog arrangement. Safe anchoring arrangements for tug and tow
3.7 Behaviour of towed vessel
3.8 Giving way
3.8 Knowledge and application of Collision Regs:
Crossing traffic lanes
Use of restriction lights and shapes
3.9 Tidal effects
3.10 Monitoring of weather forecasts.
3.11 Checking for chafe and chafe avoidance on passage, Avoidance of use of towing pins to control tow
wire
3.12 appropriate reactions in the event of loss of critical equipment (Propulsion, steering).

ST 4 TOWING EQUIPMENT

4.1 All towing equipment is to be tested and have test certificates held on board
4.2 Industry standard sizing of ropes, wires, shackles and etc for sea towage in relation to the bollard pull of
the tug. This is normally at least 3 times the designed bollard pull of the tug with appropriate sized
grommets or pennants designed to absorb shock loading of tow lines
4.3 Sea towage scope on ropes and on wires
4.4 Towing winch operation, streaming and recovering tow
4.5 Tow wire sizes and lengths, catenary of the towing wire
4.6 Minimisation of chafe at the tug and tow
4.7 Emergency towing gear arrangements

ST 5 FITNESS FOR PURPOSE OF TUG, TOW AND CREW COMPETENCE

5.1 Suitable means of access to the tow is to be considered.

5.2 Broad white band at bow of tow above waterline for checking from distance.
5.3 Rigging and streaming of emergency tow with breakaway fastenings.
Page 16 of 48
5.4 for manned and unmanned tows.
5.5 Tow to have a Load Line Certificate, or a Load Line Exemption Certificate from the appropriate Flag
State Administration and all conditions to be complied with.
5.6 Warranty survey factors:
• certificates required for tug and tow, towing gear and tug crew
• conditions to be complied with
• legal status of warranty survey – for the insurers of the tow and does not take precedence over
Flag or Class requirements

ST 6 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES

The tug is to have emergency procedures to enable the crew to effectively deal with the
following situations:
6.1 Towline failure to include consideration on action to take for:
6.1.1 Recovery of parted line to tug, including section remaining at tow
6.1.2 Clearing tow winch and rigging new tow line
6.1.3 Picking up of emergency tow, connecting to tug’s gear
6.2 Water ingress into tow.
6.3 Failure of sea fastening or other movement of equipment on tow.
6.4 Tow taking charge in bad weather, and heaving to in extreme weather.

ST 7 IMPORTANCE OF PASSAGE PLANNING WHEN UNDERTAKING A SEA-TOW

7.1 The planning that is required by the tug master, taking into account the characteristics of the tow when
considering ports of refuge and the need for necessary third party tug assistance, disconnection and
tying up of the tow at the places of departure and arrival.

ST 8 IMPORTANCE OF CLEAR AND EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION METHODS

Tug Master to ensure clear lines of communication and agree with crew necessary protocol during
operations with particular reference to crew members and 3rd parties put on board the tow:
a) During connection phase,
b) During tow (if applicable)
c) If connection lost during tow,
d) During disconnection of the tow.

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Page 18 of 48
Annex 4

Training Record Book

Voluntary Towage Endorsement Scheme

General Towage

Ship Assist Towage

Sea Towage

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Page 20 of 48
Contact details
Candidate

Photo

Name:

Date of Birth:

Discharge Book No:

Passport No:

National Insurance No:

Address:

Tel: Mobile:

Email:

Company

Company:

Address:

Tel: Fax:

Email:

Master / Company Training Officer (CTO)

Master:
Signature:

CTO Name:

Signature:

If this record book is found please return it to one of the above

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Page 22 of 48
 Contents

Section 1
Guidance for the use and completion of the Training Record Book

1.1 Purpose of the Training Record Book

1.2 Guidance for the Candidate
1.3 Guidance for Masters, Officers and Company Training Officers (CTO)
1.4 Details of Recognised Body

Section 2
Record of Service and Training Tasks for each endorsement
2.1 General Towage
2.1.1 Record of Service
2.1.2 Training Tasks
2.2 Ship Assist Towage
2.2.1 Record of Service
2.2.2 Training Tasks
2.3 Sea Towage
2.3.1 Record of Service
2.3.2 Training Tasks

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Page 24 of 48
 Section 1
1.1 Purpose of the Training Record Book
This Training Record Book (TRB) is published by National Workboat Association (NWA) and is
approved by the Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA) for use by candidates working towards
recognised voluntary towage endorsement.

Properly used, the TRB will ensure that the candidate receives systematic practical training and
experience in the tasks, duties and responsibilities required, and provide a comprehensive
record. Appropriate periods should be set aside for on-board training within the normal
operational requirements of the vessel.

Section 2 contains the tasks that give direction to the training and experience gained on board
and required as evidence of performance. The TRB will also assist companies in monitoring
experience and skills.

Candidates should complete all tasks that are relevant to the type of vessel they are deployed
on.

It is the responsibility of the candidate to ensure that the TRB is properly maintained and
completed.

It is the responsibility of the Master and other staff on board to manage and supervise the on-
board training, sign tasks when they have been properly completed, and maintain reports on the
candidate’s progress.
Note: If the candidate is the Master, then the Company Training Officer, another vessel Master,
the Marine Superintendent, Operations Manager or other person appropriately qualified and
experienced to judge the Master’s performance will be able to undertake this function.

1.2 Guidance for the Candidate

The TRB is an important document and you are responsible for its upkeep and safekeeping
during your training. On receiving your TRB you should complete the contact information on the
first page.

At the start of your training you should find out who is responsible for managing your training.
This will normally be the Master or another experienced and certificated person as described
above. You should discuss your training with them at the start of each trip. The practical
training undertaken at sea must be planned and structured in a way that enables you to acquire
and practise skills and to demonstrate your proficiency in the tasks listed. Each task should
build on those already completed, both on previous vessels and during the current trip. You
should be given information and guidance as to what is expected of you and how the training
will be organised.

If you have difficulty completing any of the tasks in your TRB you should contact the Master, or
the Company Training Officer (CTO) for advice and guidance at an early stage.

Section 2 should be used to record your qualifying sea service contains the training tasks you
must complete and get signed.

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1.3 Guidance for Masters, Officers and Company Training Officers
(CTO)
Please read the candidate guidance on the previous page, so that you are aware of what the
candidate has been told about their shipboard training and the use of the TRB.

As soon as possible after joining a vessel they should be informed as to who will be the person
organising and supervising their training. They should insert their name at the start of section
3.1, along with the Company Training Officer (CTO), whose details also need to be recorded on
the first page of the TRB.

It is the Master (or CTO’s) responsibility to give candidates detailed information and guidance as
to what is expected of them and how their training on board will be organised. They should
check the candidate’s progress to date and to help organise their duties in order to develop their
experience and complete the training tasks within the vessel’s operational requirements.

The Master (or CTO) should review the candidate’s progress on a regular basis and it is wise to
agree a regular time when the candidate prepares and hands the TRB in for inspection, in order
to establish a routine and ensure an efficient process.

The Master (or CTO) should provide a monthly progress review and record comments in section
3.4, and complete and sign the sea service testimonial in sections 2.1.1, 2.2.1 and/or 2.3.1 as
appropriate. This will be required by the candidate as evidence of sea time when applying to
the Recognised Bodies for certification.

Any experienced and certificated sea staff with supervisory responsibility for the candidate when
they are carrying out TRB tasks (or the CTO) are eligible to sign the tasks to say that the
candidate is either making progress or is deemed to be proficient in the task. All such staff
should first complete the specimen signature details on the “Contact Details” section in the front
of the TRB, which is required by the Recognised Bodies to ensure that evidence of task
completion can be verified.

1.4 Details for Recognised Body

National Workboat Association

21 Southcote Close
Bacchus Lane
South Cave, Brough
HU15 2BQ

Tel: 01430 470013 (Secretary)

Mob: 07834 866124
Email: secretary@workboatassociation.org

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 Section 2

Training Tasks and

Record of Service
for each endorsement

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2.1 General Towage
2.1.1 Record of Service
This table is for recording details of the total service completed whilst undertaking general towage operations

Nav.
Period TotalSea Bridge
IOM Gross KW Type of Main (Dates) Service WK Master/
Vessel/Tug Name Type
Number Tonnage Power Propulsion Duties CTO Signature
From To M D Days

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2.1.2 General Towage
Proficient
Master’s
Task / Duty Date
Initials

GT 1 Internal Communications
1.1 Conduct a pre-tow briefing with crew
Make appropriate use of hand signals and state the importance
1.2
of non-verbal signals
Make appropriate use of hand held radios and state the
1.3
importance of correct radio procedures
1.4 Make appropriate use of on-board CCTV
1.5 Make appropriate use of on board alarms, signage and
announcements

GT 2 External Communications
2.1 Conduct tow set up briefing with external stakeholders
2.2 Agree terminology with pilot
2.3 Communicate appropriately with other tugs and vessels
2.4 Make appropriate traffic reports to VTS /Harbour Master/ Port
Control / Coastguard

GT 3 Emergency Procedures
Explain the actions to be taken in the event of:
3.1 Failure of towing lines and equipment
3.2 Failure of gog arrangements
3.3 Failure of engines, steering, electrical systems
3.4 Failure of steering gear
3.5 Failure of electrical systems
3.6 Loss of external communication to pilot /port control etc
3.7 Mechanical problem on the towed vessel
3.8 Rope in propulsion system
3.9 Compromise of watertight integrity of tug when towing
3.10 Collision
3.11 Grounding of tug and/or tow
3.12 Man overboard
3.13 Fire
3.14 Pollution
3.15 Demonstrate the use of the emergency controls

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 Proficient
Master’s
Task / Duty Date
Initials

3.16 Demonstrate the deployment of the emergency tow line

3.17 Demonstrate the emergency release of the tow
3.18 Demonstrate the management of an emergency exercise on
board
3.19 State the statutory requirement to render assistance to a vessel
in distress
3.20 Explain the difference between responding to a vessel in
distress and rendering salvage assistance

GT 4 Fitness for Purpose

For an intended passage:
4.1 List the documentation required for the tug
4.2 List the documentation required for the tow
4.3 Estimate the tug requirements for the tow
4.4 Assess fitness and suitability of navigation equipment for
proposed passage
4.5 Assess number, experience and qualifications of crew
4.6 Assess the watertight integrity of the vessel
4.7 Assess the suitability of the available towing equipment
4.8 State the purpose of a warranty survey

GT 5 Local knowledge and passage planning when towing

Construct a passage plan for a voyage and demonstrate to
the Master that you have additionally taken the following
points into account:
5.1 Effect of local conditions on the tow e.g. wind, tide, depth,
localised tidal effects ‘run off’, interaction (squat, canal effect)
effect of propeller wash, currents, and berths
5.2 Local traffic conditions, pilotage and port movements
5.3 Effect of wheel over on tow position
5.4 Track of tow in narrow channels
5.5 Identification of suitable places of refuge and safe havens
5.6 Use of additional tugs at critical points in the passage
5.7 Consideration of grounding between tides (Ebbing up)

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 Proficient
Master’s
Task / Duty Date
Initials

GT 6 Safe Towage Operation

When preparing to undertake a towage operation:
6.1 Describe the principal risks and method of assessment
6.2 Discuss the reasons for the towage method to be used
6.3 Carry out an inspection of the tow
6.4 Identify suitable towage points and the chafing areas
6.5 Identify the characteristics of the tow
6.6 Ensure that rigging and deployment of the towing gear is correct
6.7 Demonstrate the safe handling of the towing gear
6.8 Identify safe areas on deck
6.9 Identify need for adequate lighting of working areas
6.10 Identify the stability of the tug and tow
6.11 Prepare a passage plan
6.12 Identify local byelaws that may affect the operation
6.13 Identify where different phases of the tow may require different
towing requirements
6.14 Identify berthing arrangements on arrival
On passage
6.15 Assess that the connecting, letting go and changing of the
towing gear is safe
6.16 Demonstrate how to monitor the tow and take timely and
effective corrective action when required
6.17 State the importance of avoiding large dynamic forces on the
tow line

GT 7 Towing Equipment
Loose equipment
7.1 Identify Safe Working Load for loose equipment
7.2 Locate and identify test certificates for ropes, wires, chains,
shackles and other towing gear
7.3 Demonstrate care and maintenance of all loose gear

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 Proficient
Master’s
Task / Duty Date
Initials

7.4 Identify and demonstrate the use of:

gogs, (gobs), bridles and V ropes
towing bridles, stretchers and chafe chains
shackles and their securing
face plates (monkey plates)
stoppers
towing pins, shark jaws and other line restraining devices
anti-chafe devices
Fixed equipment
7.5 Identify and demonstrate the use of:
bitts
bollards
tug samson posts
7.6 Demonstrate routine maintenance of winches and capstans
7.7 Know the types and limitations of winches and capstans
7.8 Demonstrate use of the controls, brakes and emergency release
of winches and capstans
7.9 Identify and demonstrate use of tension measuring devices
7.10 State the types and limitations of towing hooks
7.11 Demonstrate the use of towing hooks including release
mechanisms
7.12 Demonstrate routine maintenance and testing procedures
7.13 Identify and demonstrate use and routine maintenance of
fairleads, rollers and towing brackets (e.g. SMIT bracket)
7.14 Identify and explain the use and routine maintenance of different
types of fendering and their securing methods

GT 8 Propulsion Systems and Tug Types

Describe the operation of the following:
8.1 Azimuth propellers - 360° steerable propellers (Z pellers)
8.2 CPP – Controllable pitch propeller(s)
8.3 FPP – Fixed pitch propeller(s)
8.4 VS – Voith Schneider ( vertical propeller blades)

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 Proficient
Master’s
Task / Duty Date
Initials

8.5 Steerable nozzles

8.6 Shrouded nozzles e.g. Kort type
Then demonstrate the operation of the type fitted to assessing vessel

GT 9 Differentiate the following tugs in terms of towing point

with respect to the propulsion system:
Propulsion forward of midships with a towing point aft:
9.1 Tractor tugs with Voith Schneider
9.2 Tractor tugs with Azimuth propellers
Propulsion aft and towing point near midships:
9.3 Conventional type – single or twin FPP or CPP
Intermediate tug types – dependent on method of operation
9.4 Reverse tractor or pusher tugs
9.5 Combi tugs – modified older tugs with a 360° steerable thrusters
in the bow
9.6 ASD – azimuth stern drive

GT 10 Describe the main characteristics of the following vessel

types according to function
10.1 Seagoing tugs
10.2 Escort tugs – passive or active
10.3 Harbour/ship assist tugs/Carousel tugs
10.4 Anchor handlers
10.5 Craft tugs, workboats and Multicats
10.6 Pusher tugs including combination units
10.7 Line handlers

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2.2 Ship Assist Towage
2.2.1 Record of Service
This table is for recording details of the total service completed whilst undertaking ship assist towage operations

Nav.
Period TotalSea Bridge
IOM Gross KW Type of Main (Dates) Service WK Master/
Vessel/Tug Name Type
Number Tonnage Power Propulsion Duties CTO Signature
From To M D Days

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2.2.2 Ship Assist Towage

Proficient
Master’s
Task / Duty Date
Initials

SAT 1 Ship Assist Towage Tasks / Duties

1.1 Demonstrate an understanding of the limitations of point load on
ships’ hulls.
1.2 Describe the functions and limitations of different fendering
arrangements.
1.3 Discuss the dangers and pressure areas arising from the
construction of ships when operating in close proximity, e.g.
interaction forces, lines of sight.
1.4 Discuss the correlation between the windage of a vessel, the
expected weather conditions and the bollard pull of the tug.
1.5 Demonstrate ability to react to loss of critical systems whilst in
close proximity/made fast to assisted vessel.
1.6 Describe the safe operation of the vessel in port in restricted
visibility whilst conducting ship assist operations.
1.7 Conduct a departure from berth and on completion, conduct a
berthing alongside.
1.8 Demonstrate ability to manoeuvre under free sailing conditions.
1.9 Secure a barge alongside from a mooring and get underway.
1.10 Demonstrate ability to manoeuvre and re-secure a lighter/barge.
1.11 Take station as the bow tug on large ship movement, including
a running catch up from the shoulder.
1.12 Act as stern tug on large ship movement, including a running
catch up.
1.13 Secure as the alongside tug, including changing sides within a
winding/re-berth evolution.
1.14 Act as the push/pull shoulder tug on a berthing or sailing
movement.
1.15 Conduct lead bow tug into and/or out of tidal basin.
1.16 Pick Up Bow to Bow (ASD).
1.17 Demonstrate abort manoeuvres and recovery position.
1.18 Demonstrate active winch control
1.19 Take account of the hazards when using towed vessel’s ropes,
gear and securing points.

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 Proficient
Master’s
Task / Duty Date
Initials

SAT 2 External Communications

2.1 Participate in drawing up a large vessel berthing plan
2.2 Communicate with other tugs and vessels using:
Standard protocols for power and direction
Locally agreed terminology

SAT 3 Emergency Procedures

Explain the hazards and actions to be taken in the event of:
3.1 Loss of critical systems on own tug
3.2 Malfunctions of critical systems on assisted vessel
3.3 Having to slip tow under load

SAT 4 Fitness for Purpose

Describe the factors that influence the choice of tug(s) for a
4.1
particular operation
4.2 Explain why the available tugs were used in a specific
configuration

SAT 5 Detailed Local knowledge

5.1 Demonstrate to the Master a detailed knowledge of the local
harbour area, including:
Berths, channels and buoyage
Tidal flows, currents and limiting depths
5.2 Local Port Regulations
Knowledge of Port Marine Safety Code as it relates to Port
5.3
towage
5.4 Local VTS services, including awareness of vessel movements

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 Proficient
Master’s
Task / Duty Date
Initials

SAT 6 Safe Towage Operation

Thorough knowledge of tug handling in a range of ship assist
6.1
manoeuvres, including:
Direct and Indirect towage
Push/pull techniques
Escort Towing
6.2 Demonstrate a detailed knowledge of interaction, with particular
reference to:
Working in close proximity to large vessels
Bow to bow work with ASD / ATD tugs
6.3 Demonstrate an appreciation of the importance of vessel
stability and the need to maintain watertight integrity when
towing under load conditions
6.4 Knowledge of towing points and avoidance of girting in dynamic
situations

SAT 7 Towing Equipment

7.1 Demonstrate a practical knowledge of capabilities of the
following:
Towing Winches and Capstans
Towing Hooks
Different tow rope types (wire, synthetic rope, HMPE
Use of Pendants
Use of Grommets
Joining shackles and other connections
7.2 Hazards and Limitations when using Assisted Vessel’s
Equipment, including SWLs of ship’s Bitts and other securing
points and Ship’s ropes
7.3 Describe means of Testing / Inspection of Towing equipment

SAT 8 Propulsion Systems and Tug Types

8.1 Demonstrate detailed knowledge of capabilities and limitations
of different tug types, including Voith Schneider, ASD, ATD, and
conventional single and twin screw
8.2 Show an outline knowledge of ‘Z’ Tech, Rotor and Carousel tug
types

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2.3 Sea Towage
2.3.1 Record of Service
This table is for recording details of the total service completed whilst undertaking sea towage operations

Nav.
Period TotalSea Bridge
IOM Gross KW Type of Main (Dates) Service WK Master/
Vessel/Tug Name Type
Number Tonnage Power Propulsion Duties CTO Signature
From To M D Days

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Page 44 of 48
2.3.2 Sea Towage
Proficient
Master’s
Task / Duty Date
Initials

ST 1 Pre Tow Inspection

The candidate must:
1.1 Carry out an assessment of the vessel / object to be towed.
1.2 Ascertain the dimensions of vessel / object to be towed.
1.3 Identify the type and care of cargo, if any, to be carried in tow
1.4 Obtain the contact details of agents at departure and arrival
ports.
1.5 Identify Pilotage requirements, if any, on departure, on passage
and arrival
1.6 Assess any expected requirement for additional tug assistance
1.7 Assess current weather report for duration of voyage
1.8 Consider the need for guard vessels
1.9 Discuss the dangers and pressure areas arising from the
construction of ships when operating in close proximity e.g.
interaction forces, lines of sight.
1.10 Explain the correlation between the windage of a tow, the
expected weather conditions and the bollard pull of the tug.
1.11 Ensure that there is appropriate certification for tow and its gear
1.12 Establish communication and protocol between lead and
subsidiary tugs
1.13 Establish fuel requirements for voyage
1.14 Ensure there is sufficient scope of gear for sea towage

ST 2 Inspection of Tow
2.1 Ensure watertight integrity e.g.; vents, watertight doors, hatches,
port lights, deadlights etc to be closed
2.2 Check draft and trim
2.3 Ensure sufficient positive stability for the voyage
2.4 Close all engine room inlet and outlet valves
2.5 Check all sea fastenings
2.6 Secure rudders and shafts
2.7 Check towage arrangements
2.8 Check navigation lights, shapes and sound signalling
appliances

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 Proficient
Master’s
Task / Duty Date
Initials

2.9 Check emergency towing arrangements ready for use

2.10 Check boarding arrangements at sea

ST 3 Conduct of the Tow

3.1 Demonstrate heaving in and paying out towlines and adjustment
of engine power.
3.2 Explain the need to adjust the catenary of the tow wire, by
shortening up and reducing power in shallow waters.
3.3 State the need for a sufficient turning circle and the dangers of
large and rapid alterations of course leading to an unwanted
increase in the catenary
3.4 Explain the need for slow and controlled alterations in engine
power.
3.5 Explain precautions to be taken when towing in bad weather,
use of tow line length and engine power and heaving to.
3.6 Demonstrate use of appropriate gog arrangement.
3.7 Observe the behaviour of towed vessel
3.8 Apply the International Regulations for the Prevention of
Collisions at Sea, 1972, as amended, considering the
manoeuvrability of the tow in:
Crossing situations
Using and crossing traffic lanes
Considering the use of RAM signals
Operation in restricted visibility
Sound signals
3.9 Explain the effects tide and current on tug and tow
3.10 Monitor weather forecasts in support of safety of navigation
3.11 Demonstrate chafe avoidance on passage
3.12 React appropriately to loss of critical systems whilst in close
proximity/made fast to assisted vessel. If necessary this could
be a simulated situation.

ST 4 Towing Equipment
4.1 Ensure all towing equipment is tested and test certificates are
held on board.

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 Proficient
Master’s
Task / Duty Date
Initials

4.2 Explain the industry standard sizing of ropes, wires, shackles

and etc for sea towage in relation to the bollard pull of the tug.
4.3 Describe the typical scope for Sea towage on ropes and on
wires.
4.4 Demonstrate towing winch operation when streaming and
recovering tow.
4.5 Describe the effect of the catenary of the towing wire.
4.6 Identify alternative methods to minimise chafe at the tug and
tow.
4.7 Outline the Emergency towing gear arrangements now required
on large vessels.

ST 5 Fitness for purpose of tug, tow and crew competence

5.1 Describe how suitable means of access to the tow is assessed
and achieved.
5.2 Explain the purpose of a broad white band at bow of tow above
waterline
5.3 Describe the rigging and streaming of emergency tow with
break-away fastenings.
5.4 List the considerations when undertaking an unmanned tow.
5.5 Explain why the Tow is required to have a Load line Certificate,
or Load line Exemption Certificate from the appropriate Flag
Authority.
5.6 List the main items covered by a Warranty Survey
Explain the legal status and requirement for a warranty survey

ST 6 Emergency Procedures
Describe the emergency procedures to effectively deal with the
following situations:
6.1 Towline failure to include consideration on action to take for:
6.1.1 i. Recovery of parted line to tug including section remaining
at tow
6.1.2 ii. Clearing tow winch and rigging new tow line
6.1.3 iii. Picking up of emergency tow, connecting to tug’s gear
6.2 Water ingress into tow.

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 Proficient
Master’s
Task / Duty Date
Initials

6.3 Failure of sea fastening or other movement of equipment on

tow.
6.4 Tow taking charge in bad weather, and heaving to in extreme
weather.

ST 7 Importance of passage planning when undertaking a sea-tow

7.1 Describe the planning that is required by the tug master for
necessary third party tug assistance, disconnection and tying up
of the tow at the places of departure and arrival.

ST 8 Explain the Importance of Clear Communications at Different

Stages of the tow

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