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High Technology & New Materials

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17 views

High Technology & New Materials

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phmart
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© © All Rights Reserved
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High

HighTechnology
Technology&&
New Materials
New Materials

Sectors addressed are those where developing countries


have existing industrialization programmes and where
the local environment can encourage the growth of high-
tech enterprises. In particular, activities aim to exploit
local conditions, which frequently offer abundant raw
materials and basic expertise. The High Technology sec-
tion focuses on sectors in which developing countries
are in need of technical skills and technologies, in particu-
lar applications of optical technologies, telecommuni-
cations and exploitation of photovoltaic solar energy.
New Materials activities are designed to channel mate-
rials science and engineering into applied R&D, mainly
through incorporation of new materials resources into
the manufacturing cycle. Priority fields are:

• laser applications and optical technologies


• new materials New materials
• photovoltaic solar energy
• telecommunication technologies
• innovative building materials
• exploitation of waste from industry, mines, forestry,
agriculture

Laser applications and optical Building materials that make use of waste products are
a valid alternative to traditional products. ICS promotes
technologies the exploitation of the extensive local resources avail-
able in developing countries. The recycling of wastes as
secondary resources such as plant materials, fly ash,
• laser applications in industry tannery sludge, mining tailings into valuable products
• environmental monitoring and biomedical use represents an excellent opportunity for industries in de-
• photonics and optical materials for laser systems veloping countries. The goal of ICS activities is capac-
ity-building in design, manufacturing, testing and evalu-
While application of lasers and optical technologies has ation of composite materials in the housing and building
the potential to revolutionize many sectors of industry, sectors. Databases of materials, as a tool for computer-
the necessary expertise and relevant experience is very based design, are being established.
often lacking in developing countries. The result is that
these countries are missing out on the take-up of wide-
scale modernization and innovative, cost-effective solu-
tions. For example, the many uses of lasers – cutting,
marking, welding, sensing, cauterizing – suit them for
application in sectors as diverse as the automobile, ce-
ramics and metal industries, environmental monitoring,
as well as medical treatment. Optical technologies – in-
cluding knowledge of photonics – is a related field, and
essential in laser systems, where telephone optical fibre
networks are increasingly used for transmitting voice,
image and computer data. ICS activities aim to acquaint
technologists with the use of these technologies, through
extensive training and hands-on experience. Kapok, used in composite materials production
Photovoltaic solar energy

• immediate rewards for both industry and society


• ‘green’ technology

With the widening gap between electricity demand and


availability, especially in developing countries, power
generation is on the increase. Developing clean energy
sources has thus become vital for limiting gas emission
and protecting ecological cycles. Photovoltaics for har-
vesting solar energy is a technology under examination
by developing countries.
This technology has the advantage of being not only en-
vironmentally benign, but also suitable for power in re-
mote rural areas. ICS activities are designed to create Training courses and projects include …
indigenous expertise in the relevant technologies and in
their application for the utilization of photovoltaic elec-
tricity, aimed mainly at out-of-grid beneficiaries. Workshops/training courses:
• laser science and its applied technology

ICS-UNIDO is supported by the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs


• computer-aided materials engineering, and innovative
building materials from local renewable resources
• photovoltaic panels and systems
• mobile and satellite communication technologies

Training packages and publications:


• Industrial Applications of Lasers
• Best Available Technologies in Ceramic Production
• Wireless Access Technologies for Telecom Networks
• Mobile Communication Technologies and Multiservice
Wireless Networks

Projects and partner countries:

Laser applications and optical technologies


• continuous wave & ultrashot pulsed microchip lasers
Telecommunication technologies Italy

This publication is produced by ICS, Trieste, Italy, and is not an official document of UNIDO - February 2001
• novel image processing and analysis software using
synchrotron radiation
• telecom development linked to production capacity China
• efficiency of radio-wave systems
New materials
Today, a country’s communication network represents • composite materials for low-cost housing
the backbone of its technological evolution. The deve- Africa
lopment of telecommunications – capacity to transfer
information, telephone calls and data infrastructure – Photovoltaic solar energy
is directly linked to the production capacity of a coun- • network of PV technologies for developing regions
try. The costly operation of cabling a country to bring to Africa/Middle East
each user a standard fixed wireline telephone can be
avoided, or at least deferred, by introducing systems Telecommunication technologies
operating on radio waves. • wireless local loop
ICS activities evaluate and promote the development of Central/East Europe, Italy
mobile communications, multimedia communication, • pan-African data communication networks
intelligent networks, etc. Italy

Programme Officer, High Technology and New Materials: Kenichi Ushiki


International Centre for Science and High Technology, AREA Science Park, Padriciano 99, Trieste, Italy
Tel. + 39 040 9228125 Fax + 39 040 9228122 kenichi.ushiki@ics.trieste.it www.ics.trieste.it

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